DE2354463A1 - Ceramics introduced into kiln through lock - using rail-mounted locomotive with pushing bogie to drive trolleys - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus for feeding loaded trolleys into a ceramics firing or drying kiln operates by pushing the trolleys along a rail track through a lock into the kiln; the pushing locomotive can be anchored by shoes into the rail, and then advances an auxiliary bogie to push the line of trolleys along the kiln; during this operation, the floor of the kiln is sealed by a plate attached to the moving bogie and sealed at its sides into suitable sealing troughs for the like. When the bogie has returned to its starting position, the locomotive can withdraw permitting a new trolley to be introduced, whereupon the locomotive advances and a sensor rod mounted on it regulates its approach speed to the trolley finally slowing it down as the bogie, which is now close up to the locomotive, comes into contact with the new trolley. The bogie is then advanced and the whole process repeated. The gates of the lock are operated at the appropriate intervals to permit the stacked goods to pass into the kiln. The ceramics are fed into the furance with minimum escape of hot gas, using relatively simple equipment.

Description

^ 328 2 3 5 4AR 3

- PATENT LAWYERS 4-0 Q H ^ -O O

DR.-IMG. R. DÖRING DIPL.-PHYS. DR. J. FRICKE

BRAUNSCHWEIG MUNICH

. 'Klaus P. Griese
3001 Meilendorf / Hann., Celler Strasse 9

"Equipment for loading kilns or drying ovens"

The invention relates to a device for loading firing or drying ovens and locks assigned to them with firing or drying trolleys in plants of the ceramic industry, in which a transversely movable sliding platform is provided for transferring the trolleys to the loading track guided through the locks and ovens and the locks for Avoidance of heat loss
of the furnace with convertible into the closed or open position
Barriers are equipped.

When loading the kiln or drying oven, it happens a lot
It is important to avoid heat loss as much as possible and to prevent cool air from flowing into the furnace. The loading
the lock does not cause any problems, because the
free lock space, the length of which is adapted to the length of the kiln or drying trolley, is generally

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mine closed by a slider that is on the supports the rear part of the carriage that was last pushed into the oven and, together with this carriage, forms a tight seal to the. Oven forms. On the other hand, however, it is difficult to do without Warne losses and without exchanging the furnace atmosphere the surrounding atmosphere a retracted into the lock Transfer the kiln trolley to the furnace.

To advance the carriage that has entered the lock previously used hydraulically or pneumatically operating thrust devices, which are used in the closed outer cover of the Lock can work and are arranged below the tracks. These thrust devices detect the in the lock located carriage from below and push it with the inner slide of the lock open against the one in the oven Row of cars, so that at the other end of the furnace the foremost car in the row is transferred into the lock located there. The known pusher device generally extends into the service passage located below the furnace, so that it can be serviced from there. The operating aisle accordingly extends at least partially to below the Lock.

When using an outside cover of the lock in the form of a slide or one up to the loading track reaching roller doors, it is unavoidable that when moving forward

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of the car in the lock through an air exchange the lock in the service corridor below the furnace takes place. This also improves the functionality of the feed device impaired, as this is heated with each actuation process by the outflowing furnace gases. Also store Dirt and dust build up on the feed device as a result of its arrangement below the tracks, which represent a further source of interference.

To allow the furnace gases to circulate through the service corridor avoid, a shutter-like closure has been developed as the outer cover of the lock, which with its lower The end is connected to the carriage located in the lock and xtf during the advancing movement of the carriage in the contact position remains. In this embodiment, a sufficient length of the shutter-like barrier must be on a roll above the Lock be provided so that the entire feed path of the Viagens in the lock of the shutter-like cover can be coated. This device is structurally very complex, since detachable fastening devices for the rolla- Such a cover on the carriage or a separate feed for the cover is required and also Guide devices for the end that can be retracted into the lock the shutter-like cover are required.

The object of the present invention is ^ a device of.

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to train initially mentioned type so that an outflow or Exchange of the hot furnace gases while the furnace is being charged, i.e. while the drying or kiln carriages are being advanced from the lock into the furnace with little structural effort for the lock is avoided with certainty.

In order to achieve the above object, the above is characterized Device according to the invention in that a transferable to the loading track as well as on and from this movable drive machine is provided in the form of a small locomotive with a controllable drive device which has a the rail supported and movable in the longitudinal direction of the thrust member * a temporarily to the drive machine Anchoring the loading track clamping device as well as a parallel to the push member by contact with the carriage, longitudinally displaceable, having connected to the control device of the drive button, and that the drive machine with the Sliding link connected to the drying or kiln car profile, including the lateral sealing aprons, adapted to be longitudinally displaceable Cover in the length of the Schubglieshubes carries, while the outer barrier of the lock than on the cover lowerable slide is designed ..

Due to the training and use of the aforementioned movable drive machine, it is possible that this, after which it may. the kiln or dryer trolley in a previous operation

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has transferred into the lock, automatically moves into the advance position, in which it is anchored on the loading track by means of the clamping device, with the pushing device in contact with the carriage to be advanced, before the carriage is advanced by means of the pusher element when the inner slide of the lock is open. " The outer barrier of the lock in the form of the lowerable slide on the longitudinally displaceable cover, which is connected to the pusher member, is lowered and in this way the space located above the firing car in the lock is lowered to the outside, and that also opposite the one below the When the kiln trolley moves out of the sluice into the furnace, the cover connected to the pusher element moves accordingly, while the outer sluice slide slides on the cover and thus maintains its fixed position. The length of the cover kung-corresponds of course to the length of the thrust member stroke, which in turn corresponds to at least one carriage length.

After the transfer of the car in the lock The inner slide of the sluice can be closed again in the known manner in the furnace combustion chamber, while the outer one Slide is moved to the open position in order to open the lock entrance for loading with a ■ to vacate additional drying or kiln trolleys.

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During the loading of the track with a further kiln or drying wagon, the drive machine can either move to an appropriately long transfer platform, which is used to feed the kiln wagons to the loading track, or it can be placed on a parking track on the other side of the transfer platform parked v / ground until the transfer table has driven up a new wagon to be transferred to the loading track. The trolley can also be fed to the lock without difficulty using the movable drive unit. An anchoring of the machine to the rails is not necessary for this movement ₃ but only necessary if the entire row of viages in the furnace chamber has to be moved when transferring the kiln or drying car from the lock into the furnace chamber.

The said drive machine can easily be operated from a central point, if necessary with the aid of track magnets Or the like. Controlled so that the feed and the advance the drying or kiln trolley can be carried out fully or partially automatically.

It is useful if according to a special embodiment of the invention the lünprs- 'connected to the thrust member sliding cover, which can be lowered with the outer

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Slider of the lock cooperates designed as a cover plate and is guided on the housing of the prime mover. This causes the cover to tilt during the feed movement avoided and an engagement of the cover in the sand cups passed through the lock to the side Sealing guaranteed.

It is advantageous if the connected to the thrust member Cover has an end plate corresponding to the kiln carriage profile, which is attached to the rear end wall of the Firing or drying car comes to the plant and prevents this' v / eise that between the thrust member and the Brennwagen a gap remains.

To ensure a safe sliding of the outer, on the cover of the Drive machine to ensure lowerable slide of the lock and to compensate for any unevenness in the cover without creating an exit gap for the furnace gases a special embodiment of the invention provided, that the outer slide of the lock at its end facing the cover of the prime mover with one on the cover sliding sealing device is equipped, which in a particularly simple V / eise as a sealing brush, e.g. in the form a narrow steel brush, can be formed.

The drawing gives an embodiment of the invention in

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scb.er.iat is more like representation again.

Fig. 1 shows a partial longitudinal section through the lock and part of a kiln during the advance of the still in the lock,

Fig. 2 gives the view of the drive machine in the viewing direction level II-II again,

Fig. 3 shows a plan view of the prime mover according to Figs. 1 and 2, -

4 and 5 show various in a simplified representation Phases of the advance when transferring a furnace into the furnace.

In the figures, mit.1 is the one designed as a small locomotive Drive machine designates which is on the loading track

2 is movable. The drive machine 1 has two sets of wheels

3 and 3a "equipped j of which at least one, namely in the Representation of Figures 1-3 of the wheelset 3 via a chain drive

4 is drivable. The chain drive 4 is with the drive shaft an oil motor 6 (see Fig. 3) connected, which in turn via a connection not shown in the drawings is in communication with an oil pump 7 ″. The oil pump 7 is open a pump carrier 8 arranged and is driven by a Electric motor 9.

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Pooh The subframe 10 of the drive machine 1 shown in FIG. 3 is furthermore arranged ₃ with an oil tank 11 which is equipped with an oil filter 12 and has a filling opening 13. Fenerhin a valve switch cabinet 14 is arranged on the subframe, which has the individual switching and control valves as well as the electrical switches moved along with the drive machine, which are not shown in detail in the figure. . ·

The drive wheels of the wheel set 3 are connected to one another in a rotationally secure manner via the driven shaft 15.

Like the fig. ' 1 shows the prime mover is equipped with a push member 16 which can be driven in the longitudinal direction of the rail and which is attached in the form of a frame to a piston rod 17 of a piston-cylinder drive 18. The machine also has Clamping devices 19 and 20, which are either magnetic or can be operated electro-hydraulically around the running profile to reach around the feed rails 2 and the drive machine 1 to be anchored on the rails.

Furthermore, the drive machine 1 is provided with a plunger 21 designed as a spring-loaded button, which has a pressure disk 22 at one end and which has a control body 23 which can be longitudinally displaceable, if necessary, with control surfaces 2k _s 25 and 26, which are equipped with electrical switches 27 and 2 8 in still

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- Work together in 10 ways to be described in more detail.

As the figures show, the thrust member 16 is the connection. prime mover 1 equipped with running wheels 29, which are on support your feeder track 20. The Schubglisd cooperates the end face of the kiln car to be moved 30 together, which in the embodiments of FIGS. 1, 4 and 5 are lined up in close succession within the kiln 31 and the adjoining loading lock 32. the The end faces of the kiln carriage 30 are firmly against one another, but without the carriages being coupled to one another. The lateral sealing aprons not shown in detail in the drawing the Brennwagen. 30 protrude into the side, with the Inside wall of the furnace firmly connected sand channels 32 (see Fig. 3), which extend through the sluice 32 through, so that the heated combustion chamber of the furnace opposite the one below of the 'furnace located operating aisle 33 is securely sealed when the furnace is fully occupied.

The kiln stacks 34 are on the kiln carriage 30, two stacks each leaving a gap are arranged on the platform of a kiln car.

According to FIGS. 1, 4 and 5, the lock has an inner slide 35 and an outer slide 36, which with corresponding, Drive devices not shown in the drawing

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to the extent that they can be lowered because the slide 35 on the platform the kiln carriage and slide 36 ″ can be placed on the floor of the furnace if necessary.

As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, "the thrust member is l6 of the drive machine 1 with a longitudinally displaceable one adapted to the kiln car profile including the side dih aprons Equipped cover 37, which extends at least over the length of the thrust member stroke. This cover 37 is formed in Fc-.rm of a cover plate and has one of the Brennwagen profile at least in its upper area corresponding face plate 38, in which a recess is provided for the passage of the pressure plate 22 of the button 21 (see. Fig. 2).

The cover 37 is guided over support rollers 39 and 40, which in turn are held on the housing 4.1 of the drive machine 1 by corresponding support frames 42.

From FIG. 2 it can be seen that the cover 37 with its side walls 37a downwards into the sand channels 32 protrude when. the thrust member l6 enters the space of the lock 32. '. "

1 and 2 also show that the slide 36 of the Lock 32 at its lower, the cover 37 facing

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Has the end of a sealing device in the form of a sealing brush 4 3, the one on the cover 37 with the slide 36 lowered comes to the plant.

The mode of operation of the prime mover 1 is as follows:

When the drive machine 1 approaches a car, the push member 16 is in the retracted position by appropriate control, while the button 21 is pushed out to the right as far as its stop in FIG. 1 by the action of the spring surrounding it. In this position, the switch 27 interacts with the control surface 2 ^ . When the switch 27 is in this position, the drive machine is moved at its full drive speed.

If the drive machine moves in the direction of the pushed-out button on a kiln carriage 30, the pressure disc comes first 22 of the button 21 with the end wall of the firing carriage 30 in contact and is moved to the left in the representation of FIG. 1, so that the electrical switch 27 is on the control surface 25 arrives. This switches the engine from normal driving speed to low-speed gear. At a slow pace it now leads on to the kiln carriage 30, until the electrical switch 28 rests on the control surface 26, whereby the drive of the machine is stopped. the

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Control of the drive machine for the transfer to a standstill is set so that at the moment of the standstill, the pusher member 16 comes to rest on the end wall of the kiln carriage 30 to be displaced Firing carriage 30 in lock 32 is slider 36 on the cover immediately after the drive machine has stopped 37 of the prime mover lowered so that the Brush seal 43 on the cover 37 comes to rest. . The slide 35 can now be in the release position in the lock transferred and triggered by a corresponding command by hand or by remote control, the piston-cylinder drive 18 are actuated for the push member 1β. Ground beforehand however, the clamping devices 19 and 20 actuated by appropriate control pulses, so that the drive machine 1 on the ■ Loading track-2 is firmly anchored to aid in movement of the push member l6 to be able to move the entire row of kiln carriages located in the furnace.

When the drive machine 1 is approached, the Side walls 37a of the cover 37 retracted into the sand channels 32, so.daß durch.die cover 37 in connection with the Slide 36 hermetically seals the interior of the lock 32 with respect to the external environment and with respect to the operating aisle 33 is guaranteed. During the feed movement of the Push member l6 and the associated feed movement

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of the entire row of fuel trolleys 30, the sealing of the interior of the lock 32 from the outside atmosphere and from the operator's station 33 is retained in that the cover 37 is moved along with it and slides under the brush seal 43 of the slide 36. The cover 37 is guided by the guide rollers 39 and MO shown in FIG. 2, which are held on the housing 41 of the drive machine 1.

The starting position for the advance of the .beindlichen in the lock 32 Brennwagens .30 can be seen clearly from the schematic representation of FIG. There you can see that the slide 35 'still rests in the lowered position on the preceding kiln carriage 30, while the drive machine 1 with its Push member l6 already in the lock 32 located Brennwagen 30 has moved so close that the end faces of the carriage and the thrust member lie firmly on one another. In In this position, the slide 36 is lowered onto the cover 37 and the kiln carriage 30 in the lock 32 can now at any time according to the feed rate for the kiln carriage in the kiln 31 by means of the drive machine 1 after transfer of the slide 35 into the open position shown in FIG advanced v / earth.

A short time after the start of the feed movement, the

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Fig. 1 reproduced position of the internal combustion carriage 30 located in the lock and of the thrust member 16 of the drive machine achieved.

The feed rate of the combustion carriage 30 located in the lock can take place either in one step, ie over a length such that the slide 35 can be still just lowered onto the rear end of the inserted Brennwageiis, as in FIG. H stating which the Slide 35 reproduces in its lowered position on the last carriage pushed into the oven.

In many cases, however, it is desirable not to use the feed rate to make the entire length of a car in one go, but only to make one burning pile at a time. Such an inter-

of

intermediate position in which only one fuel rod is pushed out of the lock Car has been made, Fig. 5 shows> which also shows how in this intermediate position through the cover 37 seals the interior of the lock 32 in relation to the surroundings and also in relation to the operating aisle 33 is ensured. The side wall shown schematically in FIG. 5, facing away from the viewer through the sectional illustration 37a engages in the corresponding sealing channel filled with sand, as described in detail in connection with FIG. 2 has been described. In the position shown in FIG the kiln carriage 30 interacting with the thrust member 16

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initially, the further pushing of this kiln carriage into the furnace remains triggered by appropriate control impulses will. In the lock 32, a preheating of the material to be fired 3 ^ is achieved in the usual manner.

The drawings show very clearly that in the new version the 'loading device the problems of the lock sealing during the advancement of the fuel located in the lock or drying wagons can be released in a relatively simple manner, with no drive means below the loading track always free of the combustion gases from the furnace, so that it is accessible in every operating phase.

It can also be seen from the description of the prime mover, that this not only for the advance of the in the lock - ■ and the carriage chain in the furnace is suitable, but that with the drive machine also the feeding of the kiln car to the lock in a simple manner can be done. For this it is only necessary to open the drive device when the clamping devices are released 19 and 20 to move.- The thrust member 1β with the associated Piston-cylinder drive 18 is activated by appropriate control of the pressure in the piston-cylinder drive during the movement of a single wagon is held in a partially extended position so that the prime mover is at creep speed

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drives, while when the "car hits an obstacle, especially on a group of already standing wagons, the push link 16 'are pushed back together with the button 21 that by the electrical switch 2 8 in connection with derS -expensive surface 26 of the car 1 comes to a standstill. In this Position can then, after actuation of the clamping device 19 and 20, the advance of the carriage against the obstacle or together can be made with the further row of cars in front of the car in the manner described.

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Claims (5)

Claims 1. Device for charging kiln or drying kilns and sluices assigned to them with kiln or drying wagons in plants in the ceramic industry, in which a transversely movable sliding platform is provided for transferring the wagons to the loading track guided through the sluice and ovens, and the sluices are equipped with barriers which can be transferred into the closed or open position to avoid heat losses from the furnace, characterized in that one is transferred to the loading track (2). Bare and on and from this movable drive machine (1) (small locomotive) with a controllable drive device (6-9) is provided, which is supported on the rail and movable in the longitudinal direction of the thrust member (16), the drive machine temporarily on dem.Beschickungsgleis having anchoring clamping means (19j2O) and a parallel aim pusher member by abutment against the carriage (30) longitudinally displaceable and connected to the control device of the actuator button (21), and in that the drive machine connected to the pusher member, the firing bai drying trolley profile, including the lateral sealing aprons adapted, longitudinally displaceable cover (37) in the length of the scrrut member stroke, while dfe outer locking of the lock (32) than on the cover 509819/0544. ., -. - 19 - '
lowerable slide (36) is formed. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized j that the longitudinally displaceable cover (37) connected to the push member (l6) as a cover plate formed and on the housing (41) of the prime mover (1) is performed. 3. Device according to claim 1 to 2, characterized in that the with the thrust member (l6) connected cover (37) a the Brennwagen profile has a corresponding face plate (38). 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3 _3, characterized in that the slide (36) provided as the outer barrier of the lock is equipped at its end facing the cover (37) with a sealing device (43) sliding on the cover. 5. Device according to claim 4, characterized marked that the one on the slide arranged sealing device (43) is designed as a sealing brush. 5098 19 / 054A