DE2342657A1 - Elektrisches heizelement, insbesondere fuer raumheizungen, und verfahren zu seiner herstellung - Google Patents
Elektrisches heizelement, insbesondere fuer raumheizungen, und verfahren zu seiner herstellungInfo
- Publication number
- DE2342657A1 DE2342657A1 DE19732342657 DE2342657A DE2342657A1 DE 2342657 A1 DE2342657 A1 DE 2342657A1 DE 19732342657 DE19732342657 DE 19732342657 DE 2342657 A DE2342657 A DE 2342657A DE 2342657 A1 DE2342657 A1 DE 2342657A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- heating element
- element according
- electrical heating
- mixture
- mass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 62
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000089409 Erythrina poeppigiana Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000009776 Rathbunia alamosensis Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012811 non-conductive material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 16
- WFUGQJXVXHBTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroperoxy-2-(2-hydroperoxybutan-2-ylperoxy)butane Chemical compound CCC(C)(OO)OOC(C)(CC)OO WFUGQJXVXHBTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- GEMHFKXPOCTAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-n'-phenylcarbamimidoyl chloride Chemical compound CN(C)C(Cl)=NC1=CC=CC=C1 GEMHFKXPOCTAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YAIQCYZCSGLAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si+4].[O-2].[Al+3] Chemical compound [Si+4].[O-2].[Al+3] YAIQCYZCSGLAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011822 basic refractory Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 benzene peroxide Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011872 intimate mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D13/00—Electric heating systems
- F24D13/02—Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/02—Details
- H05B3/06—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
- H05B3/146—Conductive polymers, e.g. polyethylene, thermoplastics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
- H05B3/28—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
- H05B3/283—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material the insulating material being an inorganic material, e.g. ceramic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
- H05B3/28—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
- H05B3/286—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material the insulating material being an organic material, e.g. plastic
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Macromonomer-Based Addition Polymer (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB3975672A GB1444722A (en) | 1972-08-25 | 1972-08-25 | Electrical heating elements |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2342657A1 true DE2342657A1 (de) | 1974-03-28 |
Family
ID=10411317
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19732342657 Pending DE2342657A1 (de) | 1972-08-25 | 1973-08-23 | Elektrisches heizelement, insbesondere fuer raumheizungen, und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS4986924A (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU5953973A (fr) |
| BE (1) | BE803984A (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR7306558D0 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE2342657A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2197295A1 (fr) |
| GB (1) | GB1444722A (fr) |
| IL (1) | IL43070A (fr) |
| IT (1) | IT993057B (fr) |
| NL (1) | NL7311722A (fr) |
| ZA (1) | ZA735671B (fr) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0193918A1 (fr) * | 1985-03-06 | 1986-09-10 | Japan Unicarbon Co., Ltd. | Elément chauffant en carbone |
| EP2200396A1 (fr) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-06-23 | Sika Technology AG | Chauffage de surface électrique |
| CN109301400A (zh) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-02-01 | 浙江仁丰科技有限公司 | 一种便于安装的汽车电池发热片 |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5049850A (en) * | 1980-04-21 | 1991-09-17 | Raychem Corporation | Electrically conductive device having improved properties under electrical stress |
| US5178797A (en) * | 1980-04-21 | 1993-01-12 | Raychem Corporation | Conductive polymer compositions having improved properties under electrical stress |
| US4545926A (en) * | 1980-04-21 | 1985-10-08 | Raychem Corporation | Conductive polymer compositions and devices |
| EP0123540A3 (fr) * | 1983-04-20 | 1985-01-02 | RAYCHEM CORPORATION (a California corporation) | Polymères conducteurs et dispositifs contenant ceux-ci |
| GB8920283D0 (en) * | 1989-09-07 | 1989-10-18 | Hill Robert G Q | Self temperature limiting electro-conducting composites |
| US5378407A (en) * | 1992-06-05 | 1995-01-03 | Raychem Corporation | Conductive polymer composition |
| CH688328A5 (de) * | 1993-07-12 | 1997-07-31 | Sgl Carbon Ag | Elektrische Heizeinheit. |
| WO1994023549A2 (fr) * | 1993-03-29 | 1994-10-13 | Ing. Biro Establishment | Corps de chauffe electrique |
| US5728872A (en) * | 1994-06-27 | 1998-03-17 | Lutz Riemenschneider | Stabilized acrylic acid compositions |
| GB2349323A (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 2000-10-25 | Willey Robinson Ltd | Insulated moulded heating resistance forming a space heater |
-
1972
- 1972-08-25 GB GB3975672A patent/GB1444722A/en not_active Expired
-
1973
- 1973-08-20 ZA ZA735671A patent/ZA735671B/xx unknown
- 1973-08-23 DE DE19732342657 patent/DE2342657A1/de active Pending
- 1973-08-23 AU AU59539/73A patent/AU5953973A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-08-24 IT IT28193/73A patent/IT993057B/it active
- 1973-08-24 IL IL43070A patent/IL43070A/en unknown
- 1973-08-24 BE BE134897A patent/BE803984A/fr unknown
- 1973-08-24 FR FR7330677A patent/FR2197295A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1973-08-24 BR BR6558/73A patent/BR7306558D0/pt unknown
- 1973-08-24 NL NL7311722A patent/NL7311722A/xx unknown
- 1973-08-25 JP JP48095651A patent/JPS4986924A/ja active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0193918A1 (fr) * | 1985-03-06 | 1986-09-10 | Japan Unicarbon Co., Ltd. | Elément chauffant en carbone |
| EP2200396A1 (fr) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-06-23 | Sika Technology AG | Chauffage de surface électrique |
| CN109301400A (zh) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-02-01 | 浙江仁丰科技有限公司 | 一种便于安装的汽车电池发热片 |
| CN109301400B (zh) * | 2018-10-18 | 2020-09-15 | 浙江仁丰科技有限公司 | 一种便于安装的汽车电池发热片 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL7311722A (fr) | 1974-02-27 |
| IT993057B (it) | 1975-09-30 |
| JPS4986924A (fr) | 1974-08-20 |
| AU5953973A (en) | 1975-02-27 |
| IL43070A (en) | 1976-09-30 |
| ZA735671B (en) | 1974-09-25 |
| BR7306558D0 (pt) | 1974-08-29 |
| IL43070A0 (en) | 1973-11-28 |
| FR2197295A1 (fr) | 1974-03-22 |
| BE803984A (fr) | 1973-12-17 |
| GB1444722A (en) | 1976-08-04 |
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