DE2304073C3 - Verfahren zur Herstellung von schwarzem Tee - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Herstellung von schwarzem TeeInfo
- Publication number
- DE2304073C3 DE2304073C3 DE19732304073 DE2304073A DE2304073C3 DE 2304073 C3 DE2304073 C3 DE 2304073C3 DE 19732304073 DE19732304073 DE 19732304073 DE 2304073 A DE2304073 A DE 2304073A DE 2304073 C3 DE2304073 C3 DE 2304073C3
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- tea
- tannase
- conversion
- extract
- product
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 title claims description 169
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 78
- 235000006468 Thea sinensis Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 30
- 235000020279 black tea Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 30
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title description 41
- 235000013616 tea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 120
- 108010038851 tannase Proteins 0.000 claims description 102
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 93
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 48
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 235000009569 green tea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 74
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 47
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 24
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 235000020344 instant tea Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 14
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-O-galloyl-3,6-(R)-HHDP-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1C(O2)COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC1C(O)C2OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000001263 FEMA 3042 Substances 0.000 description 11
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N Penta-digallate-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 11
- 235000015523 tannic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N tannic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229940033123 tannic acid Drugs 0.000 description 11
- 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 240000006439 Aspergillus oryzae Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002247 Aspergillus oryzae Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008351 acetate buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007257 deesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940079919 digestives enzyme preparation Drugs 0.000 description 2
- XMOCLSLCDHWDHP-IUODEOHRSA-N epi-Gallocatechin Chemical compound C1([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C[C@H]2O)=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 XMOCLSLCDHWDHP-IUODEOHRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940094952 green tea extract Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000020688 green tea extract Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000021395 porridge Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-ZFWWWQNUSA-N (+)-epicatechin Natural products C1([C@@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C[C@@H]2O)=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-ZFWWWQNUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-UKRRQHHQSA-N (-)-epicatechin Chemical compound C1([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C[C@H]2O)=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-UKRRQHHQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000228212 Aspergillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000228197 Aspergillus flavus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000030523 Catechol oxidase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010031396 Catechol oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- XMOCLSLCDHWDHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N L-Epigallocatechin Natural products OC1CC2=C(O)C=C(O)C=C2OC1C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 XMOCLSLCDHWDHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000228143 Penicillium Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000003992 Peroxidases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001000594 Tanna Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006286 aqueous extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006149 azo coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012412 chemical coupling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LPTRNLNOHUVQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N epicatechin Natural products Cc1cc(O)cc2OC(C(O)Cc12)c1ccc(O)c(O)c1 LPTRNLNOHUVQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012734 epicatechin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DZYNKLUGCOSVKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N epigallocatechin Natural products OC1Cc2cc(O)cc(O)c2OC1c3cc(O)c(O)c(O)c3 DZYNKLUGCOSVKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000004515 gallic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940074391 gallic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108040007629 peroxidase activity proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000008790 seltzer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007928 solubilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005063 solubilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012384 transportation and delivery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/06—Treating tea before extraction; Preparations produced thereby
- A23F3/08—Oxidation; Fermentation
- A23F3/10—Fermentation with addition of microorganisms or enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/16—Tea extraction; Tea extracts; Treating tea extract; Making instant tea
- A23F3/166—Addition of, or treatment with, enzymes or microorganisms
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Tea And Coffee (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US22223172A | 1972-01-31 | 1972-01-31 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2304073A1 DE2304073A1 (de) | 1973-08-16 |
| DE2304073B2 DE2304073B2 (de) | 1979-03-29 |
| DE2304073C3 true DE2304073C3 (de) | 1979-11-15 |
Family
ID=22831408
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19732304073 Expired DE2304073C3 (de) | 1972-01-31 | 1973-01-27 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von schwarzem Tee |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5242877B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| CA (1) | CA995512A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| CH (1) | CH570772A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| DE (1) | DE2304073C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| GB (1) | GB1413351A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| KE (1) | KE2642A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4639375A (en) * | 1983-08-12 | 1987-01-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Enzymatic treatment of black tea leaf |
| US5258188A (en) * | 1989-04-06 | 1993-11-02 | Thomas J. Lipton Co., Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Process of preparing a tea product |
| US5919500A (en) * | 1996-02-05 | 1999-07-06 | Lipton, Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Enzyme extraction process for tea |
| US5952023A (en) * | 1996-02-05 | 1999-09-14 | Lipton, Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Enzyme extraction process for tea |
| US5925389A (en) * | 1996-02-05 | 1999-07-20 | Lipton | Extraction process of tea with enzymes |
| US6491961B1 (en) | 1999-02-08 | 2002-12-10 | Lipton, Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Cold brew tea |
| GB9902777D0 (en) | 1999-02-08 | 1999-03-31 | Unilever Plc | Cold water infusing leaf tea |
| US7157493B2 (en) | 2001-11-28 | 2007-01-02 | Nashai Biotech, Llc | Methods of making and using theaflavin, theaflavin-3-gallate, theaflavin-3′-gallate and theaflavin 3,3′-digallate and mixtures thereof |
| ATE426389T1 (de) * | 2001-11-28 | 2009-04-15 | Nashai Biotech Llc | Verfahren zur herstellung und verwendung von theaflavin, theaflavin-3-gallat, theaflavin-3'- gallat und theaflavin 3,3'-digallat und ihrer gemische |
| US6761918B2 (en) | 2002-07-18 | 2004-07-13 | Tata Tea Ltd. | Method of processing green tea leaves to produce black tea that can be brewed in cold water |
| DE602005003248T2 (de) * | 2004-03-12 | 2008-09-11 | Nippon Supplement, Inc. | Fermentiertes Tee und Verfahren zur Herstellung |
| EP2008526A3 (de) | 2007-06-29 | 2009-04-15 | Jürgen Schneider | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Heißgetränks aus einem Lebensmittel |
-
1973
- 1973-01-25 CA CA162,099A patent/CA995512A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-01-25 CH CH103673A patent/CH570772A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-01-27 DE DE19732304073 patent/DE2304073C3/de not_active Expired
- 1973-01-30 GB GB455673A patent/GB1413351A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-01-30 JP JP1236473A patent/JPS5242877B2/ja not_active Expired
-
1976
- 1976-06-14 KE KE264276A patent/KE2642A/xx unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS4882098A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1973-11-02 |
| AU5149473A (en) | 1974-08-01 |
| KE2642A (en) | 1976-06-25 |
| GB1413351A (en) | 1975-11-12 |
| JPS5242877B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1977-10-27 |
| DE2304073A1 (de) | 1973-08-16 |
| CH570772A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1975-12-31 |
| DE2304073B2 (de) | 1979-03-29 |
| CA995512A (en) | 1976-08-24 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C3 | Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication) | ||
| 8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |