DE2255776A1 - Elektrode - Google Patents
ElektrodeInfo
- Publication number
- DE2255776A1 DE2255776A1 DE2255776A DE2255776A DE2255776A1 DE 2255776 A1 DE2255776 A1 DE 2255776A1 DE 2255776 A DE2255776 A DE 2255776A DE 2255776 A DE2255776 A DE 2255776A DE 2255776 A1 DE2255776 A1 DE 2255776A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum
- coating
- layer
- anode
- electrode according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 68
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 66
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 74
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 206010039509 Scab Diseases 0.000 description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- LEHOTFFKMJEONL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uric Acid Chemical compound N1C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1NC(=O)N2 LEHOTFFKMJEONL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 aluminum nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010534 mechanism of action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000289 melt material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007712 rapid solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
- C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
- C23C4/11—Oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
- C25C3/12—Anodes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH1668371A CH579155A5 (it) | 1971-11-16 | 1971-11-16 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2255776A1 true DE2255776A1 (de) | 1973-05-24 |
Family
ID=4419350
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2255776A Withdrawn DE2255776A1 (de) | 1971-11-16 | 1972-11-14 | Elektrode |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3829374A (it) |
| JP (1) | JPS4867109A (it) |
| AT (1) | AT328200B (it) |
| AU (1) | AU474828B2 (it) |
| CA (1) | CA980722A (it) |
| CH (1) | CH579155A5 (it) |
| DE (1) | DE2255776A1 (it) |
| FR (1) | FR2160562B1 (it) |
| GB (1) | GB1404637A (it) |
| IT (1) | IT970938B (it) |
| NO (1) | NO134706B (it) |
| ZA (1) | ZA728143B (it) |
Families Citing this family (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH575014A5 (it) * | 1973-05-25 | 1976-04-30 | Alusuisse | |
| CH594064A5 (it) * | 1973-12-20 | 1977-12-30 | Alusuisse | |
| US4170533A (en) * | 1975-05-30 | 1979-10-09 | Swiss Aluminium Ltd. | Refractory article for electrolysis with a protective coating made of corundum crystals |
| US4206263A (en) * | 1977-07-22 | 1980-06-03 | Swiss Aluminium Ltd. | Oxygen-resistant electroconductive carbon bodies |
| CH633868A5 (de) * | 1977-09-07 | 1982-12-31 | Alusuisse | Verschleissfeste beschichtung der arbeitsoberflaeche von scheibenfoermigen maschinenteilen aus aluminium oder aluminiumlegierungen. |
| JPS58501079A (ja) * | 1981-07-01 | 1983-07-07 | モルテック・アンヴァン・ソシエテ・アノニム | アルミニウムの電解製造 |
| US4560448A (en) * | 1982-05-10 | 1985-12-24 | Eltech Systems Corporation | Aluminum wettable materials for aluminum production |
| FR2527229A1 (fr) * | 1982-05-18 | 1983-11-25 | Aluminium Grece | Procede de calorifugeage des anodes precuites dans les cuves d'electrolyse pour la production d'aluminium |
| US4544472A (en) * | 1983-04-14 | 1985-10-01 | Nalco Chemical Company | Electrode coating and coated electrodes |
| US4541912A (en) * | 1983-12-12 | 1985-09-17 | Great Lakes Carbon Corporation | Cermet electrode assembly |
| US4921584A (en) * | 1987-11-03 | 1990-05-01 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Anode film formation and control |
| DE3838828A1 (de) * | 1988-11-17 | 1990-05-23 | Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag | Kohleelektrode mit gasdichter, temperaturbestaendiger schutzglocke |
| JPH02188476A (ja) * | 1989-01-13 | 1990-07-24 | Tech Res Assoc Highly Reliab Marine Propul Plant | ジルコニア系セラミックスと金属との接合体 |
| US6818106B2 (en) * | 2002-01-25 | 2004-11-16 | Alcoa Inc. | Inert anode assembly |
| SI2688130T1 (en) * | 2002-11-25 | 2018-06-29 | Alcoa Usa Corp. | Inert anode composition |
| DE10345827A1 (de) * | 2003-10-02 | 2005-05-04 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Verfahren zur Beschichtung von metallischen Substraten mit oxidierenden Werkstoffen mittels Lichtbogendrahtspritzen |
| FR2900938B1 (fr) * | 2006-05-15 | 2008-06-20 | Ecl Soc Par Actions Simplifiee | Procede de fabrication d'anodes pour la production d'aluminium par electrolyse ignee, lesdites anodes et leur utilisation |
| CN103088367A (zh) * | 2011-10-31 | 2013-05-08 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | 铝电解槽的连续预焙阳极组合结构 |
| GB2568246A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2019-05-15 | Dubai Aluminium Pjsc | Process for protecting carbon anodes for use in the Hall-Heroult process |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1434158A (fr) * | 1964-11-25 | 1966-04-08 | Sfec | Perfectionnements aux revêtements protecteurs réfractaires, et procédé de fabrication de ces éléments |
| US3442786A (en) * | 1965-03-22 | 1969-05-06 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Carbon anode for aluminum reduction cell |
-
1971
- 1971-11-16 CH CH1668371A patent/CH579155A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1972
- 1972-11-14 NO NO4121/72A patent/NO134706B/no unknown
- 1972-11-14 DE DE2255776A patent/DE2255776A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1972-11-15 US US00306633A patent/US3829374A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1972-11-15 AU AU48883/72A patent/AU474828B2/en not_active Expired
- 1972-11-16 IT IT31740/72A patent/IT970938B/it active
- 1972-11-16 CA CA156,673A patent/CA980722A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-11-16 JP JP47115160A patent/JPS4867109A/ja active Pending
- 1972-11-16 ZA ZA728143A patent/ZA728143B/xx unknown
- 1972-11-16 AT AT976172A patent/AT328200B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-11-16 FR FR7240783A patent/FR2160562B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1972-11-16 GB GB5299972A patent/GB1404637A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2160562A1 (it) | 1973-06-29 |
| GB1404637A (en) | 1975-09-03 |
| NO134706B (it) | 1976-08-23 |
| US3829374A (en) | 1974-08-13 |
| AU4888372A (en) | 1974-05-16 |
| AU474828B2 (en) | 1976-08-05 |
| AT328200B (de) | 1976-03-10 |
| CH579155A5 (it) | 1976-08-31 |
| CA980722A (en) | 1975-12-30 |
| JPS4867109A (it) | 1973-09-13 |
| FR2160562B1 (it) | 1976-10-29 |
| ZA728143B (en) | 1973-09-26 |
| IT970938B (it) | 1974-04-20 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| OD | Request for examination | ||
| 8120 | Willingness to grant licences paragraph 23 | ||
| Q176 | The application caused the suspense of an application |
Ref document number: 2255733 Country of ref document: DE |
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| 8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |