DE2213671A1 - Verfahren und mittel zur dauerverformung von haaren. - Google Patents
Verfahren und mittel zur dauerverformung von haaren.Info
- Publication number
- DE2213671A1 DE2213671A1 DE2213671A DE2213671A DE2213671A1 DE 2213671 A1 DE2213671 A1 DE 2213671A1 DE 2213671 A DE2213671 A DE 2213671A DE 2213671 A DE2213671 A DE 2213671A DE 2213671 A1 DE2213671 A1 DE 2213671A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- hair
- acid
- salts
- permanent
- deformation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=O HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical class OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- HDFRDWFLWVCOGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonothioic O,S-acid Chemical class OC(S)=O HDFRDWFLWVCOGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioglycolic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CS CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- PMNLUUOXGOOLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-mercaptopropanoic acid Chemical compound CC(S)C(O)=O PMNLUUOXGOOLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000834 fixative Substances 0.000 description 4
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000011782 Keratins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010076876 Keratins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZZTCCAPMZLDHFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium thioglycolate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]C(=O)CS ZZTCCAPMZLDHFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940075861 ammonium thioglycolate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- AQLJVWUFPCUVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO.NC(N)=O AQLJVWUFPCUVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910003202 NH4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005662 Paraffin oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VHFSMDHANDABQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;2-sulfanylpropanoic acid Chemical compound [NH4+].CC(S)C([O-])=O VHFSMDHANDABQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940082500 cetostearyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000541 cetyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 159000000011 group IA salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KDNFLUWYIMPBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen peroxide;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound OO.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 KDNFLUWYIMPBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940055577 oleyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCO XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003605 opacifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000006894 reductive elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001922 sodium perborate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GUQPDKHHVFLXHS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-(2-dodecoxyethoxy)ethyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOCCOCCOS([O-])(=O)=O GUQPDKHHVFLXHS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxidooxy(oxo)borane Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]OB=O YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OULAJFUGPPVRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetratriacontyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO OULAJFUGPPVRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
- A61Q5/04—Preparations for permanent waving or straightening the hair
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
- A61K8/36—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
- A61K8/365—Hydroxycarboxylic acids; Ketocarboxylic acids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/46—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing sulfur
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/67—Vitamins
- A61K8/676—Ascorbic acid, i.e. vitamin C
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2213671A DE2213671A1 (de) | 1972-03-21 | 1972-03-21 | Verfahren und mittel zur dauerverformung von haaren. |
| FR7306668A FR2176697B3 (OSRAM) | 1972-03-21 | 1973-02-26 | |
| US339941A US3910289A (en) | 1972-03-21 | 1973-03-09 | Permanent wave composition for hair and process of using it |
| GB1232873A GB1416564A (en) | 1972-03-21 | 1973-03-14 | Permanent deformation of human hair |
| GB4930674A GB1416565A (en) | 1972-03-21 | 1973-03-14 | Permanent deformation of human hair |
| NL7303852A NL7303852A (OSRAM) | 1972-03-21 | 1973-03-20 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2213671A DE2213671A1 (de) | 1972-03-21 | 1972-03-21 | Verfahren und mittel zur dauerverformung von haaren. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2213671A1 true DE2213671A1 (de) | 1973-10-04 |
Family
ID=5839634
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2213671A Pending DE2213671A1 (de) | 1972-03-21 | 1972-03-21 | Verfahren und mittel zur dauerverformung von haaren. |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3910289A (OSRAM) |
| DE (1) | DE2213671A1 (OSRAM) |
| FR (1) | FR2176697B3 (OSRAM) |
| GB (2) | GB1416565A (OSRAM) |
| NL (1) | NL7303852A (OSRAM) |
Families Citing this family (39)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA1138341A (en) * | 1980-01-23 | 1982-12-28 | Leszek J. Wolfram | Waving composition from a reducing agent and cationic polymer |
| US4301820A (en) * | 1980-02-04 | 1981-11-24 | Redken Laboratories, Inc. | Permanent waving compositions containing fatty acid lactylates and glycolates and their method of use |
| DE3243959A1 (de) * | 1982-02-06 | 1983-08-18 | Merck Patent Gmbh, 6100 Darmstadt | Geruchsstabilisierung von thioglykolat-loesungen |
| US4982750A (en) * | 1988-06-01 | 1991-01-08 | Miriam Collins-Palm Beach Laboratories, Co. | Method of recurling tightly curled hair |
| US4982749A (en) * | 1988-06-01 | 1991-01-08 | Miriam Collins-Palm Beach Laboratories Co. | Method of recurling tightly curled hair |
| US5254336A (en) * | 1992-09-24 | 1993-10-19 | Helene Curtis, Inc. | Method of increasing hair shine and repairing alkaline-damaged hair |
| US5332570A (en) * | 1992-10-19 | 1994-07-26 | Dowbrands Inc. | Reducing solution for permanent wave |
| DE19635481A1 (de) * | 1996-09-02 | 1998-03-05 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren und Mittel zur dauerhaften Verformung von Keratinfasern |
| US6428580B2 (en) | 1997-08-20 | 2002-08-06 | L'oreal | Use of ascorbic acid in permanent waving and hair coloring compositions |
| FR2769499B1 (fr) * | 1997-10-10 | 2000-01-14 | Oreal | Procede de deformation permanente des matieres keratiniques sans rincage intermediaire |
| DE19852611C1 (de) * | 1998-11-14 | 2000-09-07 | Wella Ag | Verwendung von Dehydroascorbinsäure in Fixiermitteln sowie Mittel und Verfahren zur dauerhaften Haarverformung |
| US6723308B2 (en) * | 2001-11-02 | 2004-04-20 | Kenra, Llc | Hair clarifying treatment |
| US6805136B2 (en) * | 2001-11-02 | 2004-10-19 | Kenra, Llc | Hair relaxer |
| EP1704847B1 (en) * | 2005-03-23 | 2008-03-12 | Wella Aktiengesellschaft | Cosmetic agents and methods of mirrorizing keratin fibres |
| US8603448B2 (en) | 2006-06-05 | 2013-12-10 | L'oreal | Use of a non-hydroxide base with heat for relaxing or straightening hair |
| BRPI0906246A8 (pt) | 2008-03-19 | 2018-10-16 | Oreal | processo para alisamento ou relaxamento dos cabelos e composição para tratar os cabelos |
| CN102231974A (zh) * | 2008-10-29 | 2011-11-02 | 欧莱雅 | 使用弱二元羧酸用热松弛或矫直毛发的方法 |
| DE102009001484A1 (de) * | 2009-03-11 | 2010-09-16 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Haarbehandlungsmittel mit Gelee Royale |
| FR2950247B1 (fr) * | 2009-09-23 | 2012-02-17 | Horizzon Innovations Technologies | Utilisation de l'acide ascorbique pour deformer des fibres keratiniques |
| DE102009045176A1 (de) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-04-07 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Wärmeunterstützende reduktive Entfärbung keratinhaltiger Fasern |
| IT1398503B1 (it) * | 2010-02-24 | 2013-03-01 | Alderan S A S Di Alderano Mannozzi & C Ora Alderan S A S Di D Ottavi Adele & C | Uso di sostanze tamponanti per rendere liscio il capello riccio, crespo od ondulato. |
| ITMC20100026A1 (it) * | 2010-02-24 | 2011-08-25 | Alderan S A S Di Alderano Mannozzi & C | Uso di sostanze antimicrobiche per rendere liscio il capello riccio, crespo od ondulato. |
| IT1398504B1 (it) * | 2010-02-24 | 2013-03-01 | Alderan S A S Di Alderano Mannozzi & C Ora Alderan S A S Di D Ottavi Adele & C | Uso di sostanze emollienti per rendere liscio il capello riccio, crespo od ondulato. |
| ITMC20100030A1 (it) * | 2010-02-24 | 2011-08-25 | Alderan S A S Di Alderano Mannozzi & C | Uso di glucidi per rendere liscio il capello riccio, crespo od ondulato. |
| ITMC20100027A1 (it) * | 2010-02-24 | 2011-08-25 | Alderan S A S Di Alderano Mannozzi & C | Uso di sostanze abbronzanti per rendere liscio il capello riccio, crespo od ondulato. |
| IT1401087B1 (it) * | 2010-07-20 | 2013-07-12 | Alderan S A S Di Alderano Mannozzi & C Ora Alderan S A S Di D Ottavi Adele & C | Uso di alfa cheto acidi, o loro derivati, per rendere liscio il capello riccio, crespo od ondulato. |
| FR2986795B1 (fr) * | 2012-02-09 | 2015-08-21 | Oreal | Composition cosmetique comprenant un compose multifonctionnel, compose et procede de traitement cosmetique |
| DE202013011967U1 (de) | 2012-11-05 | 2015-02-09 | Kao Corporation | Zusammensetzungen zum Färben und Glätten von Haaren |
| EP2914237B1 (en) | 2012-11-05 | 2017-11-01 | Kao Corporation | Process for straightening and bleaching hair |
| WO2014131470A1 (en) | 2013-02-28 | 2014-09-04 | Kao Corporation | Composition and process for semi-permanent straightening of hair |
| US10117817B2 (en) | 2013-02-28 | 2018-11-06 | Kao Corporation | Composition and process for semi-permanent straightening of the hair |
| SG11201509247SA (en) | 2013-05-10 | 2015-12-30 | Kao Corp | Process for one-step colouring and straightening hair |
| CN105555253B (zh) | 2013-09-16 | 2020-03-31 | 花王株式会社 | 用于处理头发的方法 |
| EP3046631B1 (en) | 2013-09-16 | 2017-06-07 | Kao Corporation | Hair treatment process |
| AU2013400429A1 (en) | 2013-09-16 | 2016-03-03 | Kao Corporation | Process for semi-permanent hair straightening and aftercare of the hair |
| JP6316790B2 (ja) * | 2014-12-05 | 2018-04-25 | 花王株式会社 | 毛髪変形処理剤 |
| WO2017041903A1 (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2017-03-16 | Kao Germany Gmbh | Process for semipermanent straightening and permanent shaping hair |
| WO2017041904A1 (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2017-03-16 | Kao Germany Gmbh | Process for semipermanent straightening and dyeing hair |
| FR3144917B1 (fr) * | 2023-01-16 | 2025-10-31 | Oreal | Composition pour lissage amélioré des fibres kératineuses |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2350178A (en) * | 1941-03-13 | 1944-05-30 | Martin Lab Inc | Hair waving |
| US2442461A (en) * | 1944-03-09 | 1948-06-01 | Hoffmann La Roche | Stable solutions of calcium ascorbate |
| US2708940A (en) * | 1949-06-22 | 1955-05-24 | Gillette Co | Composition and method of cold waving |
| NL284202A (OSRAM) * | 1961-10-26 | 1900-01-01 |
-
1972
- 1972-03-21 DE DE2213671A patent/DE2213671A1/de active Pending
-
1973
- 1973-02-26 FR FR7306668A patent/FR2176697B3/fr not_active Expired
- 1973-03-09 US US339941A patent/US3910289A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1973-03-14 GB GB4930674A patent/GB1416565A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-03-14 GB GB1232873A patent/GB1416564A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-03-20 NL NL7303852A patent/NL7303852A/xx unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1416565A (en) | 1975-12-03 |
| GB1416564A (en) | 1975-12-03 |
| FR2176697B3 (OSRAM) | 1976-02-20 |
| NL7303852A (OSRAM) | 1973-09-25 |
| FR2176697A1 (OSRAM) | 1973-11-02 |
| US3910289A (en) | 1975-10-07 |
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