DE19843049A1 - Window frame used in building - Google Patents

Abstract

The window structure, for installation in a building, has a frame structure (1) of a plastics foam layer (4) flanked by layers (5,6) of a hard plastics material. The structure of plastics layers (4-6) is used for the mounting frame (2) and also the window pane frame (3). The outer layer has a water drainage groove.

Description

The invention relates to a window for installation in buildings the preamble of claim 1.

So-called passive and low-energy houses win in recently more and more important because Energy saving measures of every kind a growing Do justice to environmental awareness. So-called passive houses are Buildings where there is a high level of comfort both in winter as well as in summer without a special heating system or Air conditioning can be achieved. The heating and heating requirement such houses is extremely low.

To ensure adequate thermal insulation for passive houses reach, windows are necessary next to one appropriate thermal insulation glazing also in the Frame construction have a very high thermal insulation.

To obtain such thermal insulation values are on the market already known windows that have a core Have polyurethane foam.

The requirements for a frame construction of a window affect not only thermal insulation, but also a certain stability over a long service life. in the In terms of stability, however, are a foam core Set limits.  

Furthermore, an internal state of the art relates to pages the applicant's window frame construction that has a core Made of a composite material made of polyurethane flour, which is under Pressure and temperature is set with a binder. This window construction has high dimensional stability, however does not achieve the thermal insulation of the aforementioned Window.

A window frame is also described in DE 196 48 235, which is a polyurethane recycling material that is combined with binders under pressure to a plastic hard material processed in combination with a Rigid plastic foam is used. At that one window frames shown can, however Problems of stability arise; in particular, there is a risk the warp across the window plane.

The invention has the task, a To propose window construction, on the one hand a very good thermal insulation and secondly high dimensional stability and has weather resistance.

By the measures mentioned in the subclaims advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention possible.

Accordingly, a window according to the invention is distinguished characterized in that the frame construction on both sides of the Plastic foam layer one layer each Has hard plastic material. The frame construction is executed as a firmly connected layer structure, e.g. B. glued or glued. The use of the Plastic hard material on both sides of the Plastic foam core brings about a significant improvement stability, especially rigidity against one  Warp across the window plane. In addition, thermal insulation compared to window frames according to the prior art improved. Plastic hard materials that according to the Invention can be used, for example, with Binders are bound plastic particles.

In an advantageous development of the invention in the outer layer made of hard plastic material Window frame provided a drainage groove. Hereby the previously common aluminum profile, the one at the bottom, is no longer required Cross frame of the window frame is attached and for Drainage serves. Aluminum represents in this area of the Window frame in turn represents a cold bridge that one window according to the invention is avoided. By the arrangement the drainage groove in the layer Hard plastic material remains a long life of the Window guaranteed because this material is resistant to Is water.

Such a frame construction achieved due to Very high use of the plastic foam layer Thermal insulation values. Thanks to the plastic hard material on both sides becomes a high dimensional stability and enormous Weather resistance achieved. It also improves Plastic hard material compared to the thermal insulation Use wood at this point.

If a window with a window sash that can be opened to be realized, the solid becomes more advantageous window frames to be installed as well as the movable one Sash with the layer structure according to the invention Mistake. As a result, both frame elements with the Advantages according to the invention equipped, that is, both the window sash and the window frame have a high  Thermal insulation and enormous dimensional stability and Weather resistance.

The wall thickness of the two is advantageously on both sides the plastic foam layer arranged layers Hard plastic material at least in the casement Chosen essentially the same. This improves the Torsion resistance of the window sash, especially in Direction across the window plane.

The layer structure is preferably given as above trained all round. That way Cold bridges avoided and the entire frame construction with equipped the advantages of the invention.

A is advantageously used for the plastic foam layer Polyurethane foam is used, which has high thermal insulation has and is easy to process. For the Plastic hard material is advantageously one with the help a binder, such as from the Manufacture of chipboard are known to be bound Rigid polyurethane foam used. This hard foam flour may contain additional components. In particular, can here a recycling material is provided so that for example metal chips or other residues from the previous application of the polyurethane foam may be added can. These additions do not affect the Mode of operation in a window according to the invention as above cited.

Advantageously, the plastic hard material mentioned bound under high pressure and high temperature. Such a Manufactured hard material has the necessary properties such as dimensional stability and weather resistance. As Binder is a so-called MDI binder, which is already known from the production of chipboard.  

This not only makes it a high quality composite achieved, but the material obtained in this way has a good Environmental compatibility and in particular is complete CFC-free.

In a particular embodiment of the invention, a Edge layer made of wood provided on at least one side. Wood, especially multi-glued wood, also shows high dimensional stability and is often due to the preferred visual impression for window frames.

In a further development of this embodiment, the Wall thickness of the two wooden edge layers at least in Casement chosen essentially the same. Basically increases the symmetrical structure of the Frame construction whose dimensional stability. this applies especially for the edge layers of wood according to the version described.

In a further development of the invention, an additional outside cover of the frame construction from the above provided plastic hard material provided. This ensures a further improvement in thermal insulation since this in addition to the already inserted window seals Intermediate gap between window frame and window sash be sealed again.

Preferably, the glazing bead is one of the invention Window designed as a closed frame. Hereby on the one hand, there is a better visual impression of the Window, especially in the area of the joined Miter as well as better tightness of the Glazing bead, which gives the thermal insulation effect of the window according to the invention is further improved.  

In a further development of this embodiment, the The glazing bead is overfolded. This in turn will Sealing of the window improved with the glazing bead.

Advantageously, a seal between the Window frame or casement frame and the glazing bead provided become. This also makes the thermal insulation Improved property of a window according to the invention. Especially in combination of the above measures an almost complete seal.

In a particular embodiment of the invention, in which two window sashes are to be provided without a central post (in the technical language is called a so-called faceplate Window) is attached to at least one of the two casements a notch to accommodate a so-called blow bar intended. By inserting the blow bar into one or both casements will continue to be tight and thus improves the thermal insulation of the casement, whereby itself through the between the frame and the Gap resulting joints a good visual impression of the window results.

A window of the type mentioned is extremely insulating and meets the requirements for the so-called Passive houses. In addition, the sound insulation and the Improved windproofness.

Embodiments of the invention are in the drawing are shown and are explained in more detail below with reference to the figures explained. Show in detail

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a frame structure of a first embodiment,

Fig. 2 is a further development of the embodiment according to Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 shows a cross section through the lower transverse spar of a window according to the invention,

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-section through a double window with center stop,

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross section through a double window without a central post and

Fig. 6 shows a schematic cross section through the lower cross member of a further embodiment of the invention.

In the illustration according to FIG. 1, a frame structure 1 for a window according to the invention can be seen. The frame structure 1 comprises a window frame 2 for fixed installation and a movable casement 3 of a window casement. The window frame 2 has a layer structure, in the center of which there is a foam layer 4 , for example made of polyurethane foam. A layer of hard plastic material is firmly bonded to the foam layer 4 on both sides of the foam layer 4 . The plastic hard material also consists essentially of ground polyurethane rigid foam, which was bonded to a hard material with a binder under high pressure and high temperature. Although this material has a slightly poorer thermal insulation value (λ = 0.035 W / [mK]) than the foam layer (λ = 0.07 W / [mK]), it is still considerably better in thermal insulation than wood (λ = 0 , 13 W / [mK]) and insensitive to moisture absorption and very dimensionally stable.

On both sides of the window frame there is also a wooden layer 7 , 8 , preferably made of glued wood, for example glued or glued, so that the window frame looks like a wooden frame on both sides.

The sash frame 3 has a corresponding structure of a foam layer 9 , two layers 10 , 11 made of hard plastic material and on the outside of two wooden layers 12 , 13 . The profiling of the window frame 2 or the sash 3 is carried out in a known manner so that several gradations overlap each other and grooves 14 , 15 are available for inserting seals, not shown.

On the sash 3 , triple thermal insulation glazing with heat-insulating spacers 17 is attached.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, both the window frame 2 and the casement 3 are constructed in accordance with the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the layer structure not being shown in more detail in this figure. In addition, on the outside of the window frame 2 there is a further cover 18 made of the plastic hard material mentioned, which further increases the thermal insulation, the dimensional stability and, above all, the weather resistance of the window according to the invention.

A window according to the aforementioned embodiment combines the advantages of the different materials due to its construction. The central foam layer 4 , 9 is extremely heat-insulating, but not sufficiently stable in shape. The layers 5 , 6 , 10 , 11 made of hard plastic material do not quite achieve the heat-insulating properties of the foam layer 4 , 9 , but give the window, in addition to good thermal insulation, high dimensional stability and weather resistance. This layer structure made of foam layer 4 , 9 and hard plastic material 5 , 6 , 10 , 11 is completely insensitive to moisture, which ensures a long warp-free life of the window. The outside wooden layers 7 , 8 , 12 , 13 improve the appearance of the window, but could possibly be replaced by a correspondingly thicker layer 5 , 6 , 10 , 11 or by additional layers made of the plastic hard material mentioned or another material.

In the illustration according to Fig. 3 in the lower cross member 19 of the window frame 2 is incorporated a drainage groove, which is located in the layer 5 of hard plastic material. Several drain bores 21 extending from the drainage groove 20 through the wood layer 8 , of which only one is visible in the illustration according to FIG. 3, open into an outside shadow gap 22 . Through the drain hole 21, water which accumulates in the drainage groove 20 are discharged to the outside. The shadow gap 22 hides the openings of the drain holes 21 , so that there is a handsome external appearance of the window frame 2 .

Can also be seen in Fig. 3, that the wall thicknesses W1 and W1 'of the two layers 10, 11 are made of hard plastic material the same dimensions in the sash frame 3. Likewise, in the present exemplary embodiment, the wall thickness W2 or W2 'of the two edge-side wood layers 12 , 13 is made the same. This dimensioning of the layer 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 results in a very high torsional rigidity of the casement 3 .

In addition, the glass strip 23 , as can not be seen in Fig. 3, is designed as a closed peripheral frame and rebated. The rebate 24 results from a fold 25 which engages over the edge 26 of the casement 3 or the wood layer 13 . Furthermore, a notch 27 is attached in the outer wood layer 13 next to the rebate 24 . This results on the one hand in a visible joint, but on the other hand it is avoided that an air flow caused, for example, by wind strikes the contact point between the glazing bead 23 and the wooden layer 13 of the casement 3 . This further improves the tightness of the window.

The block or the spacers 17 are attached in the area of the foam layer 9 or the hard plastic material 10 . There is also a groove 28 here , which serves as so-called rebate ventilation. Compared to the inner wooden layer 12 and the glazing bead 23 , the thermal and protective glazing 16 is stored and sealed with a respective tape 29 , 30 .

In Fig. 3 it can also be clearly seen how the various seals 31 , 32 , 33 can be attached to a window according to the invention. In particular, the two outer sealing profiles 31 , 33 , for example made of rubber or an elastomer, are of importance here, since on the one hand the room air and on the other hand the outside air is prevented from passing between the casement 3 and the window frame 2 . The middle seal 32 can be used if necessary to further improve the tightness of the frame structure 1 . Corresponding receiving grooves 34 , 35 , 36 are provided in the casement 3 for the sealing profiles 31 , 32 , 33 . Furthermore, an optionally provided groove 37 is drawn in the glass strip 23 with dashed lines, into which a further sealing tape 38 , for example made of a pre-compressed and expandable material, can be inserted if necessary. This ensures a further additional seal between the casement 3 and the glass strip 23 .

FIG. 4 essentially corresponds to the exemplary embodiments described above, thereby illustrating how a frame construction according to the invention can be used in a double-leaf window with a central post. The two casement frames 3 , 3 'correspond to the aforementioned exemplary embodiments. The center post 39 , which is also referred to as a center stop, has the different gradations of the above-described window frame 2 on both sides in a symmetrical arrangement. The layer structure of the central pillar 39 , not shown in more detail, also corresponds to the layer structure of the window frame 2 described with reference to FIG. 1. Thus, all of the described properties of the frame construction 1 in FIG. 1 are realized in the same way for the double-sash window according to FIG. 4.

In the illustration of FIG. 5 is a double casement window is shown without a mullion. 39 The casement 3 of the one casement corresponds to the above-described exemplary embodiments in terms of its structure and shape.

The shape of the complementary sash frame 40 essentially corresponds to that of the window frame 2 described hitherto, the layer structure of the sash frame 3 according to the previously described exemplary embodiments, in particular also the dimensioning of the individual layers, being retained. In addition, receiving grooves 41 , 42 are provided, into which further sealing profiles are provided for overlapping with the sealing profiles 13 and 32 to be provided in the casement 3 . The groove 42 is indicated with dashed lines, since depending on the requirement, this groove and the middle seal can be omitted.

A blow bar 43 is attached to the sash 40 and is inserted in a notch 44 there . This prevents an air flow from reaching the connection point between the blow bar 43 and the sash 40 frontally. The distance of the blow bar 43 from the side edge 46 of the notch 44 results in a circumferential visible joint which beautifies the appearance of the window.

Likewise, a notch 45 is provided on the opposite casement 3 , into which the blow bar 43 is let in when the window is closed. The function of the notch 45 corresponds to that of the notch 44 , ie it is avoided that when the window is closed an air flow can hit the point of contact between the casement 3 and the blow bar 43 when the window is closed. Here, too, the blow bar 43 is spaced from the side edge 47 of the casement 3 , which in turn results in a corresponding visible joint.

The illustration in Fig. 6 illustrates on the previously presented embodiments, the ability to cover profiles 48, 49 as well as to apply both as weather protection of the outer layer of wood on the window frame 2 on the sash frame 3. These cover profiles 49 , 49 can consist, for example, of extruded aluminum. They are preferably arranged obliquely and overlapping in the vertical direction, so that impinging water can flow downwards without coming into contact with the frame construction 1 .

Reference list

1

Frame construction

2nd

Window frames

3rd

Casement

4th

Foam layer

5

Plastic hard material

6

Plastic hard material

7

Wood layer

8th

Wood layer

9

Foam layer

10th

Plastic hard material

11

Plastic hard material

12th

Wood layer

13

Wood layer

14

Grooves

15

Grooves

16

Thermal and protective glazing

17th

Spacers

18th

cover

19th

Cross member

20th

Drainage groove

21

Drain hole

22

Shadow gap

23

Glazing bead

24th

Overlap

25th

Fold

26

Edge

27

Notching

28

Groove

29

Serving tape

30th

Serving tape

31

Sealing profile

32

Sealing profile

33

Sealing profile

34

Groove

35

Groove

36

Groove

37

Groove

38

Sealing tape

39

Mullion

40

Casement

41

Groove

42

Groove

43

Blow bar

44

Notching

45

Notching

46

Margin

47

Margin

48

Cover profile

49

Cover profile

Claims (15)

1.Window for installation in buildings, in particular in so-called low-energy houses or passive houses with a frame construction which comprises a permanently installable window frame and, if appropriate, a movable window sash with a sash frame, the frame construction ( 1 ) having a firmly connected layer structure made of at least one plastic foam layer ( 4 ) and a layer of a hard plastic material ( 5 , 6 ), which at least partially consists of plastic particles bound with a binder, characterized in that layers ( 5 , 6 ) of hard plastic material are provided on both sides of the plastic foam layer ( 4 ). 2. Window according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer layer of plastic material of the window frame comprises a drainage groove ( 20 ). 3. Window according to claim 1, characterized in that both the window frame ( 2 ) and the casement ( 3 ) comprise said layer structure. 4. Window according to claim 3, characterized in that the wall thickness (W1, W1 ') of the two layers ( 10 , 11 ) of plastic hard material arranged on both sides of the plastic foam layer ( 9 ) is substantially the same at least in the casement ( 3 ). 5. Window according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said layer structure of the window frame ( 2 ) and / or the sash frame ( 3 ) is formed all the way round. 6. Window according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plastic foam layer ( 4 , 9 ) comprises a polyurethane foam. 7. Window according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the plastic hard material with a Binder-bound flour from ground Rigid polyurethane foam comprises. 8. Window according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the plastic hard material includes so-called MDI binder. 9. Window according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one edge layer ( 7 , 8 ) made of wood is provided. 10. Window according to claim 9, characterized in that the wall thickness (W2, W2 ') of the two wooden edge layers ( 12 , 13 ) is at least substantially the same in the casement ( 3 ). 11. Window according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an additional cover ( 18 ) is provided from the hard plastic material. 12. Window according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the glass strip ( 23 ) is designed as a closed frame. 13. Window according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the glazing bead ( 23 ) is rebated. 14. Window according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a seal ( 38 ) between the window frame or the casement ( 3 ) and the glass strip ( 23 ) is provided. 15. Window according to one of the preceding claims with two window sashes without a mullion, characterized in that at least one of the two sash frames ( 3 , 40 ) has a notch ( 46 , 47 ) for receiving a blow bar ( 43 ).