DE1419466A1 - Process for finishing, in particular for improving the mechanical properties of cellulose-containing textiles - Google Patents
Process for finishing, in particular for improving the mechanical properties of cellulose-containing textilesInfo
- Publication number
- DE1419466A1 DE1419466A1 DE19601419466 DE1419466A DE1419466A1 DE 1419466 A1 DE1419466 A1 DE 1419466A1 DE 19601419466 DE19601419466 DE 19601419466 DE 1419466 A DE1419466 A DE 1419466A DE 1419466 A1 DE1419466 A1 DE 1419466A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- textile material
- irradiation
- treated
- cellulose
- textile
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J19/081—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing particle radiation or gamma-radiation
- B01J19/082—Gamma-radiation only
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/008—Treatment with radioactive elements or with neutrons, alpha, beta or gamma rays
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/04—Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/08—Organic compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/04—Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/08—Organic compounds
- D06M10/10—Macromolecular compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M14/00—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials
- D06M14/18—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials using wave energy or particle radiation
- D06M14/20—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials using wave energy or particle radiation on to materials of natural origin
- D06M14/22—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials using wave energy or particle radiation on to materials of natural origin of vegetal origin, e.g. cellulose or derivatives thereof
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
- Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
Description
. 37. 37
Keberlein 4 Co. JLGr., lattwil (Schweiz)Keberlein 4 Co. JLGr., Lattwil (Switzerland)
"Verfahren zur. Veredelung, insbesondere zur Verbesserung der mechanischen. Eigenschaften von cellulo seiial tig em Textilgut. "Process for. Refinement, in particular for improvement the mechanical. Properties of cellulo-sided textile goods.
!■·! ■ ·
ist von der Anmelder in "bereits ein Verfahren srur Veredelung von zalluloaehaltigem Textilgut mit Hilfe ionisierender Strahlen, insbesondere Samma- oder Böntgenatrahlen, vor» geschlagen worden (Deutsche Patentanmeldung H 38 6t3 IVe/8k, meine Akte 5889), gemäß welchem das Textilgut während oder nach der Bestrahlung zum Zwecke einer Vernetzung fezw* einer vernetzenden Brückenbildung zwischen den C-Atomen der KoIekülkatten einer Erwärmung unterworfen wird., wobei das Textilgut gegebenenfalls vor der Bestrahlung einer die Vernetzung begünstigenden chemischen Behandlung unterworfen wird· XÜe Bestrahlung d*a T«xtilmateriala kann in Gegenwart von luft oder- in Abwesenheit von LuJTt, *.B· im Vskuuv. oder in einem inerten &as, erfolgen. Besonders günstige Voraus-is by the applicant in "already a process srur finishing of textile goods containing zalluloa with the help of ionizing Rays, especially Samma or X-ray rays, before » been beaten (German patent application H 38 6t3 IVe / 8k, my file 5889), according to which the textile goods during or after irradiation for the purpose of crosslinking fezw * one cross-linking bridging between the carbon atoms of the KoIekülkatten is subjected to heating., The textile material optionally subjected to a crosslinking-promoting chemical treatment prior to irradiation is XÜe irradiation d * a T «xtilmateriala can in the presence of air or - in the absence of LuJTt, * .B · im Vskuuv. or in an inert & as. Particularly favorable advance
909806/0896909806/0896
Setzungen, für die Vernetzung und einen möglichst geringen Abbau der Zellulose "bestehen, wenn das zu bestrahlende zellulosehaltige Textilgut einen erhöhten Feuchtigkeitsgehalt aufweist.Subsidence, for networking and as low as possible Degradation of the cellulose "exist if that is to be irradiated Cellulosic textile goods have an increased moisture content having.
Es wurde nun überraschenderweise gefunden, dass sich eine solche Vernetzung auch ohne gleichzeitige oder nachfolgende Erwärmung des Textilgutes erzielen lässt, wenn die Bestrahlung des letzteren in Abwesenheit eines wesentlichen Gehaltes an Sauerstoff, insbesondere Luftsauerstoff bzw. Luft, d.h. im Vakuum oder in einem inerten Gas, wie zum Beispiel Stickstoff, erfolgt. Es wird angenommen, dass sich im Gegensatz zur Bestrahlung in Gegenwart von Luft bei der Bestrahlung im Vakuum oder in einem inerten Gas im bestrahlten Material mangels genügendem Sauerstoff keine Hydroperoxydgruppen bilden, die erst in Rc|aikale umgewandelt werden müssen, sondern dass sich direkt Radikale bilden, die sofort miteinander reagieren und die Vernetzung bewirken. Aus diesem Grunde ergibt sich verfahrenstechnisch din grosser Vorteil, indem sieh eine den Vorgang der Vernetzung unterstützende Wärmebehandlung erübrigt und das Verfahren bei Zimmertemperatur ausgeübt werden kann.It has now been found, surprisingly, that such crosslinking can also take place without simultaneous or subsequent Heating of the textile can be achieved if the irradiation of the latter in the absence of a substantial Content of oxygen, especially atmospheric oxygen or air, i.e. in a vacuum or in an inert gas, such as Example nitrogen, takes place. It is believed that in contrast to irradiation in the presence of air in the case of irradiation in a vacuum or in an inert gas in the irradiated material, none due to insufficient oxygen Form hydroperoxide groups that are only converted into radicals but that radicals form directly, which react immediately with one another and create a network cause. For this reason, there is a great advantage in terms of process technology in that see the process of Heat treatment that supports crosslinking is unnecessary and the process can be carried out at room temperature.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren lässt sich auf Textilgut aller Art, insbesondere Flächengebilden, anwenden. Es kommen in erster Linie Gewebe, Gewirke oder Faservliese aus nativer Zellulose wie Baumwolle oder aus regenerierter Zellulose oder solche Flächengebilde, enthaltend Fasern aus natürlicher und regenerierter Zellulose in Betracht. Das Verfahren lässt sich aber auch auf Textilgarnen, -fäden oder -zwirnen anwenden.The method according to the invention can be applied to all types of textile goods, in particular flat structures. It primarily woven, knitted or non-woven fabrics are made from native cellulose such as cotton or from regenerated cellulose Cellulose or such flat structures containing fibers from natural and regenerated cellulose are possible. However, the process can also be used on textile yarns, threads or threads.
Als ionisierende Strahlung kommt in erster Linie eine Gamma- oder Röntgenstrahlung in Betracht; der erfindungsgemässe Effekt lässt sich aber auch mit Hilfe von Beta-StrahlenGamma radiation or X-ray radiation are primarily considered as ionizing radiation; the invention Effect can also be achieved with the help of beta rays
8AO 909806/0 8968AO 909 806/0 896
14194681419468
erzielen. Als Strahlungsquelle für die Gramma-Strahlung können z*B» Co °, Os ^ oder Spaltprodukte von U ^ dienen,achieve. As a radiation source for the Gramma radiation z * B »Co °, Os ^ or fission products of U ^ can serve,
3 Das Textilgut kann dabei z.B. Totaldosen zwischen 1o und3 The textile goods can e.g. total doses between 1o and
7
1o Röntgen empfangen. Die Dauer der Bestrahlung kann
zwischen wenigen Sekunden und mehreren Stunden betragen.7th
1o x-ray received. The duration of the irradiation can be between a few seconds and several hours.
Das Textilmaterial kann ferner vor der Bestrahlung mit einem chemischen Mittel behandelt werden, welches eine topοchemische Veränderung des ersteren hervorruft. Wird das so veränderte Textilmaterial der Bestrahlung unterworfen, so bilden sich wesentlich mehr aktive Gruppen als bei der Bestrahlung des nicht topochemisch behandelten Textilmaterials. Es kann z.B. das Textilmaterial einer rein chemischen Reaktion mit Acryl-, Methacryl-, Grotonyl- oder Zimmtsäure oder Allylderivaten unterworfen werden, wobei entsprechende Ester, Aether oder Acetale gebildet werden. Ferner lassen sich durch Behandlung des zellulosehaltigen Textilmaterials mit ungesättigten Verbindungen, wie z.B. Acrylnitril in Gegenwart von Alkalien Seitengruppen in die Zelluloseketten einführen, die sich durch die Bestrahlung leicht aktivieren lassen. Im weiteren kann das Textilmaterial mit Aethyleniminverbindungen imprägniert und mit diesen durch Erhitzen auf über 1oo° O in Ge--genwart eines sauren Katalysators zur Reaktion gebracht werden. Schliesslich lässt sich das Zellulosehaltige Textilmaterial auch durch Be^hndlung mittels aromatischer Halogenverbindungen, welche in o-, m- oder p-Stellung zum Halogen einen aliphatischen Substituenten, insbesondere Isopropylgruppen trägt, topochemisch umwandeln. Solche Verbindungen sind z.B. Q-, m-, p-Oarbonsäuren bzw. Phenole bzw. Alkohole oder deren Derivate.The textile material can also before the irradiation with be treated with a chemical agent which causes a topochemical change in the former. Will If the textile material modified in this way is subjected to radiation, considerably more active groups are formed than when irradiating the textile material that has not been topochemically treated. For example, the textile material of a purely chemical reaction with acrylic, methacrylic, grotonyl or room acid or allyl derivatives, corresponding esters, ethers or acetals are formed. Furthermore, by treating the cellulosic Textile material with unsaturated compounds, such as acrylonitrile in the presence of alkalis, side groups Introduce into the cellulose chains, which can be easily activated by the irradiation. In the further can the textile material is impregnated with ethyleneimine compounds and with these by heating to over 100 ° O in the present an acidic catalyst to react. Finally, the cellulosic textile material also by treatment with aromatic Halogen compounds which have an aliphatic substituent in the o-, m- or p-position to the halogen, in particular Carries isopropyl groups, convert topochemically. Such compounds are e.g. Q-, m-, p-carboxylic acids or phenols or alcohols or their derivatives.
Das zellulosehaltige Textilmaterial kann ausserdem zumThe cellulosic textile material can also be used for
BAD ORIGINAL 909806/0896BATH ORIGINAL 909806/0896
Schütze gegen zu weitgehenden Abbau durch die Bestrahlung mit Tor Strahlen schützenden chemischen Mitteln behandelt werden, wobei gegebenenfalls eine chemische Bindung der letzteren mit der Zellulose eintritt. Als solche chemischen Mittel eignen sich z.B. Cystin, Cystein, Phenole wie Pyrogallol, ferner Methansulfonylchlorid. Das mit dem vor Strahlen schützenden Mittel behandelte Textilmaterial kann einer wesentlich höheren Strahlungsdosis ausgesetzt werden als das unbehandelte Material und es lassen sich deshalb bei der Bestrahlung wesentlich mehr aktive Stellen bilden.Protect against excessive degradation from radiation be treated with chemical agents that protect against radiation, possibly with a chemical bond of the the latter occurs with the cellulose. Such chemical agents are e.g. cystine, cysteine, phenols such as Pyrogallol, also methanesulfonyl chloride. The textile material treated with the radiation protective agent can be exposed to a much higher radiation dose than the untreated material and it can therefore create significantly more active sites during irradiation.
Die Erfindung ist anhand der nachfolgenden Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert:The invention is based on the following exemplary embodiments explained in more detail:
Ein Baumwollpopelingewebe, welches eine relative Feuchtigkeit zwischen 2o und 3o fi aufweist, wird im Vakuum bei Zimmertemperatur der Einwirkung einer Gammastrahlung unterworfen, wobei eine Gesamtdosis von 5,5 x Io rad eingestrahlt wird. Das so behandelte Gewebe ist unlöslich, aber noch cuellbar in einer üblichen Kupferoxydammoniaklö'sung. Es ^veist gegenüber dem Ausgangsmaterial v/esentlich veränderte Eigenschaften auf :A cotton popel fabric, which has a relative humidity between 2o and 3o fi , is subjected to gamma radiation in a vacuum at room temperature, with a total dose of 5.5 x Io rad. The tissue treated in this way is insoluble, but can still be culled in a conventional copper oxide ammonia solution. Compared to the starting material, it exhibits properties that have changed significantly:
Ausganfesmaterial: bestrahltes Material:Starting material: irradiated material:
in0 Knitterwinkel in warp and weft
in 0
Die Reissfestigkeit wurde in der Schussrichtung an Streifen von 2,5 cm Breite mit einem Pendelapparat geprüft. Die Scheuerfestigkeit wurde mit einem Prüfapparat enthaltend eine Scheibe,The tear strength was measured in the weft direction on strips 2.5 cm wide with a pendulum apparatus. The abrasion resistance was measured with a test device containing a disc,
9 0 9 8 0 6/0896 BAD ORIGINAL9 0 9 8 0 6/0896 BAD ORIGINAL
welche mit einem standardisierten Wolltuch, bedeckt ist und welche auf der Gewebeflache rotiert, durchgeführt.which is covered with a standardized woolen cloth and which rotates on the tissue surface.
Ein wie in Beispiel 1 beschriebenes Gewebe wird bei Zimmertemperatur in einer Stickstoffatmosphäre der Einwirkung einer Gammastrahlung unterworfen, wobei eine Gesamtdosis von 3,5 χ lo^ rad eingestrahlt wird. Das so behandelte Gewebe ist unlöslich, aber noch q_uellbar in einer üblichen Kupferoxydammoniaklösung und weist gegenüber dem Ausgangsmaterial * wesentlich veränderte Eigenschaften auf:A fabric as described in Example 1 is exposed to a nitrogen atmosphere at room temperature Subjected to gamma radiation, with a total dose of 3.5 χ lo ^ rad is irradiated. The fabric treated in this way is insoluble, but still swellable in a common copper oxide ammonia solution and has significantly different properties compared to the starting material *:
Knitterwinkel in Kette undCrease angles in chain and
Schuss in0 , 45/5ο 95/ΐο5 Shot in 0 , 45 / 5ο 95 / ΐο5
Reisswert: ' 16,8 2o,5 Tear value: '16.8 2o, 5
Scheuerfestigkeit in Touren: 1? 8oo 32 4ooAbrasion resistance in tours: 1? 8oo 32 4oo
Ein Imitatpopeline-Gewebe, welches eine relative feuchtigkeit von 4o $ aufweist, wird in einem Yakuuni von 1 ο mm Hg bei Zimmertemperatur der Einwirkung einer Gamma-Strahlung unterworfen, wobei eine Gesamtdosis von 1,1 χ 1o rad eingestrahlt wird. Das so behandelte Gewebe ist unlöslich, aber noch quellbar in einer üblichen Kupferoxidammoniaklösung. Es weist gegenüber dem Ausgangsmaterial wesentlich veränderte Eigenschaften auf:An imitation poplin fabric, which has a relative humidity of $ 40, is subjected to gamma radiation in a yakuuni of 1 o mm Hg at room temperature, with a total dose of 1.1 χ 10 rad. The tissue treated in this way is insoluble, but still swellable in a conventional copper oxide ammonia solution. It has significantly different properties compared to the starting material:
Aus gangsmaterial: bestrahltes Material: From raw material : irradiated material:
Knitterwinkel in Kette undCrease angles in chain and
Schuss in ° 4o/45 · Ho/115 Shot in ° 4o / 45Ho / 115
Reissfestigkeit in KetteTear strength in chain
und Schuss: 18,5/13,6 13,9/14,1 and weft: 18.5 / 13.6 13.9 / 14.1
Scheuerfestigkeit in Touren: 13 2oo 38 5oo Abrasion resistance in tours: 13 2oo 38 5oo
ί 9093 06/0 89 6 BAD GFUGtNALί 9093 06/0 89 6 BAD GFUGtNAL
Claims (10)
1o und 1o' Röntgen eingestrahlt wird.3 7
1o and 1o 'X-ray is irradiated.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH7349659A CH383325A (en) | 1959-05-21 | 1959-05-21 | Process for improving the mechanical properties of cellulose-containing textiles |
CH308760A CH407032A (en) | 1960-03-18 | 1960-03-18 | Process for improving the mechanical properties of cellulose-containing textile material |
CH486760A CH400993A (en) | 1959-05-21 | 1960-04-29 | Process for improving the mechanical properties of cellulose-containing textiles |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE1419466A1 true DE1419466A1 (en) | 1969-02-06 |
Family
ID=27174117
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE1960H0038613 Pending DE1276590B (en) | 1959-05-21 | 1960-02-10 | Process for improving the crease, tear and abrasion resistance of cellulosic textiles |
DE19601419466 Pending DE1419466A1 (en) | 1959-05-21 | 1960-12-14 | Process for finishing, in particular for improving the mechanical properties of cellulose-containing textiles |
DE1961H0042422 Pending DE1294338B (en) | 1959-05-21 | 1961-04-27 | Process for improving the crease, tear and abrasion resistance of cellulosic textiles |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE1960H0038613 Pending DE1276590B (en) | 1959-05-21 | 1960-02-10 | Process for improving the crease, tear and abrasion resistance of cellulosic textiles |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE1961H0042422 Pending DE1294338B (en) | 1959-05-21 | 1961-04-27 | Process for improving the crease, tear and abrasion resistance of cellulosic textiles |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BE (2) | BE591044A (en) |
CH (2) | CH383325A (en) |
DE (3) | DE1276590B (en) |
DK (1) | DK102733C (en) |
GB (3) | GB895479A (en) |
NL (3) | NL248357A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2475571C1 (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2013-02-20 | Александр Андреевич Клименко | Method of producing carbon fibre material |
CN116253925A (en) * | 2023-03-21 | 2023-06-13 | 西南科技大学 | Gradient irradiation modification method for cotton waste |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1042521B (en) * | 1955-04-07 | 1958-11-06 | Du Pont | Process for the modification of fibers or films made from natural or regenerated natural polymers |
US2895891A (en) * | 1957-05-15 | 1959-07-21 | Gen Electric | Cellulosic materials |
-
1959
- 1959-05-21 CH CH7349659A patent/CH383325A/en unknown
-
1960
- 1960-02-10 DE DE1960H0038613 patent/DE1276590B/en active Pending
- 1960-02-12 NL NL248357A patent/NL248357A/xx unknown
- 1960-03-16 GB GB929460A patent/GB895479A/en not_active Expired
- 1960-04-29 CH CH486760A patent/CH400993A/en unknown
- 1960-05-20 BE BE591044A patent/BE591044A/xx unknown
- 1960-12-02 NL NL258641A patent/NL258641A/xx unknown
- 1960-12-14 DE DE19601419466 patent/DE1419466A1/en active Pending
- 1960-12-23 DK DK510360A patent/DK102733C/en active
-
1961
- 1961-02-20 GB GB621761A patent/GB916567A/en not_active Expired
- 1961-03-28 GB GB1135561A patent/GB925465A/en not_active Expired
- 1961-03-29 NL NL262964A patent/NL262964A/xx unknown
- 1961-04-27 DE DE1961H0042422 patent/DE1294338B/en active Pending
- 1961-04-28 BE BE603226A patent/BE603226A/xx unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB916567A (en) | 1963-01-23 |
CH400993A (en) | 1965-06-15 |
GB925465A (en) | 1963-05-08 |
DE1294338B (en) | 1969-05-08 |
CH383325A (en) | 1964-06-15 |
DE1276590B (en) | 1968-09-05 |
BE591044A (en) | 1960-11-21 |
NL262964A (en) | 1964-05-25 |
NL248357A (en) | 1964-03-10 |
NL258641A (en) | 1964-04-27 |
GB895479A (en) | 1962-05-02 |
BE603226A (en) | 1961-10-30 |
DK102733C (en) | 1965-10-04 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
SH | Request for examination between 03.10.1968 and 22.04.1971 |