DE1228395B - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Warmverschweissen von ueberlappten Folien aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Warmverschweissen von ueberlappten Folien aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff

Info

Publication number
DE1228395B
DE1228395B DEH39703A DEH0039703A DE1228395B DE 1228395 B DE1228395 B DE 1228395B DE H39703 A DEH39703 A DE H39703A DE H0039703 A DEH0039703 A DE H0039703A DE 1228395 B DE1228395 B DE 1228395B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
jaw
foils
jaws
movement
film
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DEH39703A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Manfred Niethammer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hoefliger und Karg KG
Original Assignee
Hoefliger und Karg KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hoefliger und Karg KG filed Critical Hoefliger und Karg KG
Priority to DEH39703A priority Critical patent/DE1228395B/de
Publication of DE1228395B publication Critical patent/DE1228395B/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/04—Dielectric heating, e.g. high-frequency welding, i.e. radio frequency welding of plastic materials having dielectric properties, e.g. PVC
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7858—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/7888—Means for handling of moving sheets or webs
    • B29C65/7891—Means for handling of moving sheets or webs of discontinuously moving sheets or webs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/343—Making tension-free or wrinkle-free joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/344—Stretching or tensioning the joint area during joining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/432—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms
    • B29C66/4322—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms by joining a single sheet to itself
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/49—Internally supporting the, e.g. tubular, article during joining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/735—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7352—Thickness, e.g. very thin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8122—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8126—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81262—Electrical and dielectric properties, e.g. electrical conductivity
    • B29C66/81263—Dielectric properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/816—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8161—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps said pressing elements being supported or backed-up by springs or by resilient material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/822—Transmission mechanisms
    • B29C66/8221—Scissor or lever mechanisms, i.e. involving a pivot point
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/822—Transmission mechanisms
    • B29C66/8227—Transmission mechanisms using springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/824—Actuating mechanisms
    • B29C66/8244—Actuating mechanisms magnetically driven
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/836—Moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined, e.g. transversely to the displacement of the parts to be joined, e.g. using a X-Y table
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C53/36—Bending and joining, e.g. for making hollow articles
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    • B29C53/50—Bending and joining, e.g. for making hollow articles by bending sheets or strips at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the article being formed and joining the edges for articles of indefinite length, i.e. bending a strip progressively using internal forming surfaces, e.g. mandrels
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    • B29C66/81457—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a block or layer of deformable material, e.g. sponge, foam, rubber
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9161—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • B29C66/91641—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux the heat or the thermal flux being non-constant over time
    • B29C66/91643—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux the heat or the thermal flux being non-constant over time following a heat-time profile
    • B29C66/91645—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux the heat or the thermal flux being non-constant over time following a heat-time profile by steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/93—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/94—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time
    • B29C66/949—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time characterised by specific time values or ranges

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

  • Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Warmverschweißen von überlappten Folien aus thermollastischem Kunststoff Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren bei dem übereinandergelegte Folienteile durch gleichzeitige Anwendung von Druck und Wärme miteinander verbunden werden. Es ist bekannt, zu diesem Zweck geheizte Andrückbacken zu verwenden und die zu verbindenden Folienteile zwischen solchen Andrückbacken zusammenzudrücken. Dieses Verfahren ist jedoch nicht für kontinuierlich bewegte Folien zu verwenden, da während der Verbindung der beiden Folien diese durch die Backen festgehalten werden. Ein Verbinden von kontinuierlich bewegten Folien ist insbesondere dann mit dem bekannten Verfahren unmöglich, wenn die Folien aus einem thermoplastischen Kunststoff bestehen und an der Verbindungsstelle miteinander verschweißt werden sollen. Tn einem solchen Fall können auch geheizte Rollen nicht verwendet werden, da die Rollen nicht durch die Bewegung der Folien angetrieben Werden können, ohne daß dadurch infolge der Weichheit der erwärmten Folien die Schweißstelle kweeinträchtigt würde. Andererseits wäre aber der Antrieb der als Rollen ausgebildeten Schweißbacken in Abhängigkeit von der Fortbewegungsgeschwindigkeit der Folien außerordentlich kompliziert, da die Umfangsgeschwindigkeit der Rollen sehr genau mit der Foliengeschwindigkeit übereinstimmen müßte.
  • Es ist auch schon ein Verfahren zum Verschweißen von Stücken aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen bekannt, bei dem diese Stücke zwischen einem Paar Backen erfaßt werden, deren einer in Richtung auf dep ; n anderen in schwingende Bewegung solcher Freqnenz und Intensität versetzt wird, daß im thermoplastischen Material Wärme erzeugt wird. Diese durch die Vibration im Kunststoff selbsterzeugte Wärme muß dabei durch zusätzliche Mittel in Form von Wärmeisolatoren gespeichert werden, außerdem sjhd ld erhebliche Drücke am Schweißpunkt aufzubringen. Dies bedeutet einen beträchtlichen Aufwand, wobei noch hinzukommt, daß Einrichtungen zur Erzewong der Spannung entsprechender Frequenz berëzustellen sind. Ferner ist die erzeugte Wärmemenge relativ gering, da immerhin Zeiten zwischen 7 und 30 Sekunden für das Zusammenschweißen zweier Folienteile aus Polyäthylen erforderlich sind.
  • Die Arbeitsweise kann somit nur intermittierend sein, was sich sehr hemmend auf die Leistung der Schweißvorrichtung auswirkt.
  • Gemäß der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß die Folien und/oder mindestens eine Backe erwärmt werden und die durch die während einer Impulsdauer erfolgte Vorwärtsbewegung der Folien gegenüber der Backe bedingte Deformation der Folien innerhalb der Elastizitätsgrenzen des Folienmaterials liegt.
  • Dadurch werden alle Nachteile der bekannten Verfahren vermieden. Insbesondere kann durch Bemessung der Länge der behandelten Stellen in Abhängigkeit von der Fortbewegungsgeschwindigkeit der Folien und dem zeitlichen Abstand zwischen den Behandlungsperioden eine dicht geschlossene Verbindungs- oder Schweißnaht erzeugt werden, die keinerlei Unstetigkeiten aufweist. Auch läßt sich dieses Verfahren mit Vorteil bei solchen Vorrichtungen anwenden, bei denen ein Folienband mittels einer Formschulter zu einem ein Füllrohr umschließenden Schlauch geformt wird und die sich überlappenden Ränder des Bandes auf dem Füllrohr miteinander verschweißt werden. Bei diesen Vorrichtungen ist es praktisch unmöglich, die Andrückbacken als Rollen auszubilden, so daß bei diesen Vorrichtungen thermoplastische Kunststoffe auf dem Füllrohr nicht zu einem Schlauch verschweißt werden können, wenn die Kunststoffolie kontinuierlich fortbewegt wird. Durch das Verfahren gemäß der Erfindung kann aber auch bei diesen bekannten Vorrichtungen ein Schlauch bei kontinuierlicher Fortbewegung des Folienbandes hergestellt werden.
  • Um der bzw. den Backen die schwingende Bewegung zu erteilen, können beliebige bekannte mechanische, hydraulische oder elektrische Mittel vorgesehen sein. Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform kann zum Erzeugen der Schwingung mindestens ein Elektromagnet vorgesehen sein. Dieses hat den besonderen Vorteil, daß durch den Elektromagneten lediglich ein Wechselstrom, z. B. mit der Netzfrequenz, hindurchgeschickt werden muß und dadurch ohne weitere besondere Maßnahmen entsprechend der Frequenz des Stromes eine Schwin- gung mit doppelter Frequenz erzeugt werden kann, z. B. bei der üblichen Netzfrequenz von 50 Hz eine Schwingungsfrequenz der Backe von 100 Einz.
  • Um die Bewegung der schwingenden Backe möglichst der Folienbewegung anzupassen, kann die Schwingungsrichtung der Backe gegenüber der Oberfläche der Folie so geneigt sein, daß eine Komponente der Backenbewegung in Richtung der Folienbewegung fällt. Wie die Versuche gezeigt haben, ist jedoch diese Maßnahme vorteilhaft, aber nicht unbedingt erforderlich. Eine noch bessere Anpassung der Backenbewegung an die Folienbewegung ist dadurch möglich, daß für die schwingende Backe eine Führung zum Erzeugen einer geschlossenen Schwingungsbahn vorgesehen wird, so daß während des Berührens die Backe sich mit der Folie ein Stück mitbewegt.
  • In der Bewegungsrichtung der Folie gesehen, kann vor der schwingenden Backe eine Vorwärmzone zum Erwärmen der Verbindungsstelle mittels Strahlung oder Konvektionswärme vorgesehen sein. Diese Vorwärmzone ist nicht unbedingt erforderlich, wenn die schwingende Backe oder ihre Gegenbacke selbst geheizt ist. Bei der Anwendung der Vorwärmzone kann jedoch auch eine kalte schwingende Backe verwendet werden, was insbesondere beim Verschweißen von dicken thermoplastischen Folien von Vorteil sein kann.
  • Auch kann die schwingende Backe als um ihre Achse drehbare Rolle ausgebildet sein, wodurch die geringsten Verspannungen des Materials während des Verschweißens vermieden werden können.
  • Die Backe kann aus einem elastisch zusammendrückbaren Stoff bestehen. So kann beispielsweise bei der Verwendung einer Vorwärmzone die schwingende Backe als unbeheizbare, kalte, elastische Rolle ausgebildet sein.
  • In der folgenden Beschreibung ist die Erfindung an Hand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles im einzelnen erläutert. Es zeigt F i g. 1 eine Seitenansicht, F i g. 2 eine Ansicht in Richtung des Pfeiles II in Fig. 1 einer gemäß der Erfindung schwingend gelagerten Backe.
  • Mit 1 ist ein Füllrohr angedeutet, um das mittels einer in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellten bekannten Formschulter ein kontinuierlich bewegtes Folienband 2 so umgelegt wird, daß sich die Ränder 3 des Folienbandes überlappen. Um die beiden sich überlappenden Ränder 3 miteinander zu verbinden, z. B. beim Verwenden eines Folienbandes 2 aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff zu verschweißen oder beim Verwenden von mit einer entsprechenden Schicht versehenen Folien zu versiegeln od. dgl., ist neben dem Füllrohr 1 eine elektrisch beheizte Andrückbacke 4 vorgesehen.
  • Zum Beheizen der Backe 4 dient ein elektrischer Heizkörper 5, in den die stabförmige Backe 4 mit ihrem einen Ende eingreift. Die Backe 4 und der Heizkörper 5 sind mit zwei Ankern 6 von Elektromagnete 7 verbunden und werden zusammen mit den Ankern 6 von Federn 8 getragen, mit deren einen Enden die Anker verbunden sind und deren andere Enden an einem Körper 9 befestigt sind, der die Elektromagneten 7 trägt. Der Körper 9 ist mit einem Auge 9' versehen, mittels dessen er schwenkbar befestigt werden kann, so daß beim Stillstand der Folie 2 die ganze schwingende Backe vom Füll- rohr 1 weggeschwenkt werden kann. Die Heizwicklung des Heizkörpers 5 und die Wicklungen der Elektromagneten 7 sind durch Leitungen 10 mit dem elektrischen Netz verbunden.
  • Die Backe 4 ist in einem solchen Abstand von dem Füllrohr 1 angeordnet, daß sie bei nicht erregten Magneten 7 mit Druck auf dem Füllrohr anliegt, so daß durch diesen Druck die beiden Folienränder 3 aneinandergedrückt werden. Wird nun ein Strom durch die Heizwicklung des Heizkörpers 5 und die Wicklungen der Magneten 7 geschickt, dann erwärmt sich die Andrückbacke 4 und wird durch das rhythmische Anziehen der Elektromagneten 7 in eine Schwingung versetzt, so daß die Backe 4 in aufeinanderfolgenden Perioden die übereinanderliegenden Folienränder 3 aneinanderdrückt. Da bei einer normalen Netzfrequenz von 50 Hz die Backe 4 mit einer Frequenz von 100 Hz schwingt, ist die Länge einer jeden Periode wesentlich kürzer als eine 1/ion Sekunde, so daß die Verschiebung des Folienbandes 2 während dieser Periode so gering ist, daß keine merkbare Verformung des Folienmaterials durch das kurzzeitige Festhalten des Folienrandes während der Andrückperiode zwischen der Backe 4 und dem Füllrohr 1 eintritt. Um die Bewegung der Andrückbacke 4 etwas an die Vorschubbewegung des Folienbandes 2 anzupassen, bildet die Feder 8 einen spitzen Winkel mit der Achse des Füllrohres 1. Hierbei wird das Folienband 2 in der Richtung des Pfeiles 11 bewegt, so daß beim Andrücken der Backe 4 die zur Füllrohrachse 1 parallele Bewegungskomponente der Backe 4 mit der Bewegungsrichtung des Folienbandes 2 übereinstimmt. Um eine ununterbrochene Naht zu erzeugen, muß lediglich die in der Fortbewegungsrichtung gemessene Länge der Backe 4 größer sein als der Quotient aus der Fortbewegungsgeschwindigkeit des Folienbandes und der Frequenz der Backenschwingung, was bei der Frequenz von 100 Hz praktisch überhaupt kein Problem bildet.
  • Bei einem abgewandelten, nicht dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel kann für die schwingende Backe eine Führung zum Erzeugen einer geschlossenen Schwingungsbahn vorgesehen sein, so daß die Bewegung der Backe während der Andrückperiode mit der Bewegung des Folienbandes übereinstimmt. Dadurch kann das Verbinden der Folienbandränder bei der gleichen Frequenz der Bewegung der Andrückbacke bei wesentlich größerer Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit des Folienbandes erfolgen.
  • Das Verfahren gemäß der Erfindung kann auch bei einer nähmaschinenartigen Maschine angewendet werden, bei der an Stelle einer Nadel eine schwingende geheizte Andrückbacke vorgesehen ist. Dadurch können beliebig geformte Verbindungsnähte, insbesondere Schweißnähte, hergestellt werden, indem die zu verbindenden Folien, ähnlich wie die zu verbindenden Stoffteile bei einer Nähmaschine, unter der schwingenden Backe hindurchgeführt werden.
  • An Stelle einer beheizten Backe kann auch eine Vorheizzone zum Erwärmen der Verbindungsstelle unmittelbar neben der Backe vorgesehen sein, so daß die Schweißung mittels einer kalten schwingenden Backe vorgenommen werden kann. Die Backe kann auch aus einem dielektrischen Stoff, z. B. bei einer Polyvenylchloridfolie vorzugsweise aus Plexiglas, bestehen, so daß die Wärmezufuhr mittels hochfrequenter elektrischer Schwingungen erfolgen kann.

Claims (6)

  1. Patentansprüche: 1. Verfahren zum Warmverschweißen von überlappten Folien aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff, die während ihrer Vorwärtsbewegung mittels periodisch schwingender und auf die Folien einwirkender Backen beaufschlagt werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Folien (2) und/oder mindestens eine Backe (4) erwärmt werden und die durch die während einer Impulsdauer erfolgte Vorwärtsbewegung der Folien gegenüber der Backe (4) bedingte Deformation der Folien innerhalb der Elastizitätsgrenzen des Folienmaterials liegt.
  2. 2. Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Backe (4) gegen die Vorwärtsbewegung der Folien geneigt angeordnet ist.
  3. 3. Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schweißbacke auf einer geschlossenen Bahn umläuft.
  4. 4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwei gegeneinander schwingende Backen vorgesehen sind.
  5. 5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die schwingende Backe als um ihre Achse drehbare Rolle ausgebildet ist.
  6. 6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Backen aus einem elastisch zusammendrückbaren Stoff bestehen.
    In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften: Deutsche Patentschriften Nr. 834 899, 853 402; schweizerische Patentschriften Nr. 161 620, 257 805, 270 100, 270 318, 262 618; österreichische Patentschrift Nr. 168 482; USA.-Patentschriften Nr. 2 670 783, 2631 223.
DEH39703A 1960-06-18 1960-06-18 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Warmverschweissen von ueberlappten Folien aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff Pending DE1228395B (de)

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EP0278927A2 (de) * 1987-02-13 1988-08-17 A.W.A.X. PROGETTAZIONE E RICERCA S.r.l. Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Wärmeschweissen von thermoplastischen Folien
WO2003101710A1 (en) * 2002-05-30 2003-12-11 Unilever N.V. Process for the manufacture of a tube blank

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DE853402C (de) * 1949-07-07 1952-10-23 Dynamit Nobel Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung und Behandlung von vorzugsweise flaechigen Werkstoffen
US2631223A (en) * 1946-06-28 1953-03-10 United Shoe Machinery Corp Apparatus for high-frequency dielectric progressive bonding
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CH161620A (de) * 1931-02-11 1933-05-15 Lonza Ag Verfahren, um Gebilde aus thermoplastischen Zellulosederivaten in sich, miteinander oder mit Gebilden aus anderen Stoffen zu verbinden.
AT168482B (de) * 1945-02-07 1951-06-11 Singer Mfg Co Nahtschweißmaschine
US2631223A (en) * 1946-06-28 1953-03-10 United Shoe Machinery Corp Apparatus for high-frequency dielectric progressive bonding
CH257805A (de) * 1946-07-08 1948-10-31 Singer Mfg Co Maschine zum Nahtverbinden von aufeinanderliegenden Stofflagen, von welchen wenigstens eine thermoplastisch ist, mit Hilfe eines elektrischen Hochfrequenzfeldes.
CH262618A (de) * 1946-07-09 1949-07-15 Singer Mfg Co Maschine zum Nahtverbinden von dielektrischen Materialien durch Erwärmen im hochfrequenten Kondensatorfeld.
CH270100A (de) * 1947-11-21 1950-08-15 Singer Mfg Co Hochfrequenz-Schweissanlage zum Verbinden dielektrischer Materialien.
DE834899C (de) * 1948-04-21 1952-03-24 Raytheon Mfg Co Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schweissen von thermoplastischen Kunststoffen
CH270318A (de) * 1948-09-02 1950-08-31 Singer Mfg Co Hochfrequenz-Nahtschweissmaschine zum Verbinden dielektrischer Materialien.
DE853402C (de) * 1949-07-07 1952-10-23 Dynamit Nobel Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung und Behandlung von vorzugsweise flaechigen Werkstoffen
US2670783A (en) * 1952-11-07 1954-03-02 Roto Bag Machine Corp Bagmaking machine

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0278927A2 (de) * 1987-02-13 1988-08-17 A.W.A.X. PROGETTAZIONE E RICERCA S.r.l. Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Wärmeschweissen von thermoplastischen Folien
EP0278927A3 (de) * 1987-02-13 1990-07-25 A.W.A.X. PROGETTAZIONE E RICERCA S.r.l. Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Wärmeschweissen von thermoplastischen Folien
WO2003101710A1 (en) * 2002-05-30 2003-12-11 Unilever N.V. Process for the manufacture of a tube blank
US6832462B2 (en) 2002-05-30 2004-12-21 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Process for making tube blanks

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