DE102018005775A1 - Method for designing a radical cut trapezoidal shape drive association re-education system - Google Patents

Abstract

A novel method for designing a radical cut trapezoidal shape drive association training system is described which does not require the use of any type of fruit rods and thus eliminates all disadvantages of using the fruit rods in the current state of the art. The new type of floor scaffolding enables the use of a new type of support frame, new type of roofing, a stationary application, a new type of network protection and passive irrigation. This creates a new kind of vine-training system, which is intended for use in viticulture and leads to considerable cost savings in labor, material consumption and insurance, while at the same time ensuring high product quality. Drawing 2 gives an insight into the components of the construction.

Description

2. The invention is based on a basic invention idea, which has been expanded into a group of inventions with additional inventions. It concerns the design of a new kind of education system that can be used in viticulture.

It is a technical process for designing a new kind of vine education system using partly living material in the form of vine plants in the vineyard.

The patent application is about an invention as an invention group that is based on a single invention idea.

In viniculture, under vine training, the formation of stick structures, the formation of fruit rods, the arrangement of shoots, the design of the leaf wall, the support structure and the like. a. as well as the necessary work measures. The term reeducation includes the technical frame construction in all its components, which have been continuously expanded due to the historical technical development. This technical framework, together with the different floor structure, forms a specific system for each type of re-education.

• „Unter Reberziehung versteht man im Weinbau alle Maßnahmen, die ein charakteristisches Stockgerüst aus altem Holz der Rebstöcke ergeben, wobei die Pflanzentfernung, das Unterstützungsgerüst (Stecken, Pfähle, Spanndrähte u. a.) und der Schnitt des einjährigen Holzes (Schnittlänge, Anordnung, Formierung) mitentscheidend sind. Damit ergibt sich ein bestimmtes Erziehungssystem. Das Erziehungssystem wird beeinflusst von der Rebsorte, der beabsichtigten Qualität, vom Arbeitsaufwand und von den Gebietsbesonderheiten. Bei allen Erziehungssystemen ist man bestrebt, einerseits eine möglichst gute Laubwandstruktur (zur Sicherung der Qualität und Quantität) und andererseits arbeitswirtschaftliche Vorteile zu erreichen.“

Because it is important for the patent application, I refer to the terms of education and the education system and their content according to Wikipedia under the heading education. All educational systems, the state of the art and their design as well as advantages and disadvantages are also described there. The following quote comes from Wikipedia:

• “Vine education means all measures that result in a characteristic cane made of old wood from the vines, whereby the removal of the plant, the support structure (pegs, piles, tensioning wires, etc.) and the cutting of the annual wood (cutting length, arrangement, formation) are decisive , This results in a certain educational system. The upbringing system is influenced by the grape variety, the intended quality, the amount of work and the special features of the area. With all educational systems, the aim is to achieve the best possible deciduous wall structure (to ensure quality and quantity), and on the other hand to achieve economic advantages. "

Based on the above description, reeducation systems are a complex of supporting facilities or components and technical work measures for growth, quality and work optimization in the management of vines in viticulture.

State of the art

The education systems have grown historically and are very different. All the different designs of the cane structure of the vine training systems - whether as a low, medium, high, backward, one-wall, split-wall, double-wall cane structure etc. - have one thing in common: fruit rods made of one or more years of wood, as cones, Straightener or 1 to 1.7 m long rods.

• die Kordonerziehungssysteme und die Spaliererziehungssysteme.
  • - Bei der Kordonerziehung besteht die Rute aus mehrjährigem Holz, das am ersten Draht entlang gebunden ist, mit 1 bis 1,7 m Länge und 10 bis 12 kurzen Zapfen.
  • - Bei der Spaliererziehung besteht die Rute aus einjährigem Holz, das auf zweijährigem Holz gewachsen, 1 bis 1,7 m lang und am ersten Draht je nach Länge als Flach-, Halb- oder Hochbogen gebunden ist.
  • - Der Unterstützungsrahmen der heute überwiegend angewendeten Erziehungssysteme besteht aus Pfosten im Abstand von jeweils 4 m mit 3 bis 4 ein- oder doppelreihigen, horizontal verlaufenden Drähten.

These form two groups that are currently used most in viticulture:

• the cordon education systems and the trellis education systems.
  • - In cordon training, the rod consists of perennial wood, which is tied along the first wire, with 1 to 1.7 m length and 10 to 12 short cones.
  • - When training trellises, the rod is made of one-year-old wood, which has been grown on two-year-old wood, is 1 to 1.7 m long and is tied to the first wire as a flat, half or high arch depending on its length.
  • - The support framework of the education systems mainly used today consists of posts at a distance of 4 m each with 3 to 4 single or double-row, horizontally running wires.

In the course of technical progress, support frameworks, roofing, irrigation and network protection have become established as components of the education system. A trial application is occasionally found in Austria.

Disadvantages of the education systems and state of the art

- Stick frame design

• - Bei der Zuordnung der langen Fruchtruten durch Biegen zu Flach-, Halb- und Hochbogen der Spaliererziehung besteht die Gefahr, dass die Fruchtrute bricht.
• - Die breite Traubenzone bei der Halb- und Hochbogenreberziehung erschwert die maschinelle Ernte. Zudem verflechten sich die Trauben in der dichten Triebwand.
• - Bei langen Fruchtruten zeigt die Rebe ihre Polarisierungseigenschaft. Am Ende hat die Rute eine sehr starke Trieb- und Fruchtbildung, zum Kopf hin hingegen sehr schwache Triebe und eine geringe Fruchtbildung. Schwache Triebe und eine schwache Frucht werden entfernt, weil sie unnütz sind, große Trauben werden halbiert, damit sie einen höheren Zuckergehalt bilden. Das ist mit hohen Kosten infolge der erforderlichen Handarbeit verbunden und bedeutet außerdem einen Ertragsverlust.
• - Unterstützungsrahmen
• - Beim Wachsen hängen die Triebe durch ihr eigenes Gewicht nach unten und brauchen eine Stütze, damit sie nicht brechen. Dies erfolgt mit 2 bis 3 beweglichen Doppeldrahtpaaren. Diese heben die Triebe von unten nach oben, strecken sie und ermöglichen es ihnen zu ranken.
• - Es werden 6 bis 8 Drähte verwendet. Unten findet sich 1 Bindedraht, dann folgt 1 Biegedraht, danach kommen 2 bis 3 Paar Doppeldrähte, die jedes Jahr neu gespannt werden müssen. Das bedeutet einen großen Material -, Arbeits- und Kostenaufwand, der nicht nötig ist.
• - Auf den unteren 2 Drähten (Binde- und Biegedraht) lastet das Gewicht der Trauben und der Fruchtrute. Dabei handelt es sich um ca. 3 kg Trauben- und ca. 2 kg Rutengewicht. Oben auf den 2 bis 3 Doppeldrahtpaaren lasten ca. 5 kg Trieb- und Blattmasse. Insgesamt sind dies ca. 10 kg pro Rebe und bei 100 bis 200 Reben in einer Reihe gut 1 bis 2 Tonnen. Dadurch lastet ein enormer Druck auf den Drähten und den Endpfählen, was eine ständige Pflege erfordert, die mit Kosten für Material und Arbeitsaufwand für die Instandsetzung verbunden ist.
• - Die hohe Dichte und die schwere Blattwand brauchen eine stabile Befestigung am Drahtrahmen; hier wird in 2 bis 3 Durchgängen per Hand oder maschinell geheftet, was einen hohen Arbeitsaufwand und erhebliche Kosten bedeutet.
• - Im Frühjahr muss, damit die neuen Fruchtruten geschnitten werden können, das Altholz aus dem Drahtrahmen entflochten werden; auch dies bringt einen hohen Arbeitsaufwand und hohe Kosten mit sich.
• - Eine Variante der Spaliererziehung sind die Doppelwanderziehungssysteme Lyra und Tatura (Neuseeland). Die Triebe einer Spalierrute werden in 80 cm Höhe links und rechts auf Drähte, die an 2 in V-Form bei Lyra und X-Form bei Tatura in die Erde gesteckten Pfosten befestigt sind, so verteilt, dass sie eine Doppelwand bilden. Dieses Reberziehungssystem braucht 3 bis 3,2 m Reihenabstand, ist bei der Bearbeitung sehr arbeitsaufwendig und bei der Bewirtschaftung nicht mechanisierbar, weshalb es kaum angewendet wird (s. die Beschreibung von Lyra und Tatura im Artikel Reberziehungssysteme bei Wikipedia). Das hier vorgestellte neue Reberziehungssystem hat nichts mit den bestehenden Systemen gemeinsam. Es ist kein Kordon-, Spalier- oder Doppelwandsystem. Es hat mit Lyra und Tatura nichts gemeinsam, weil es keine Spaliersystemerziehung und kein Doppelpfostensystem in V- oder X-Form ist und keine Doppelwand hat. Die Doppelwandsysteme bilden entlang der gesamten Reihe eine V/U-Blattwand. Bei dem neuen Reberziehungssystem tritt keine Blattwand auf. Jede Rebe bildet sein eigenes Stammgerüst, das aus Stamm und Triebgerüst aus 4 Trieben in umgekehrter Trapezform wie ein separater Baum mit 4 auf 21 Grad seitlich geneigten Ästen besteht (s. Zeichnung 1, 2).
• - Netze
• - In letzter Zeit werden beidseitig an der Blattwand abgelassene Plastiknetze als Hilfe verwendet, damit sich die Triebe selbst durch ihre Ranken an die Drähte heften.

The shoots from the eyes of fruit rods of all kinds are naturally too close together, approx. 8 to 12 cm. The vine leaves are about 20 cm tall. The shoots and leaves growing up together form a dense leaf wall. This shadows itself, obstructs ventilation, retains moisture around the leaves and grapes and thus promotes disease development.

• - When assigning the long fruit rods by bending to flat, half and high arches of espalier training, there is a risk that the fruit rod will break.
• - The wide grape zone in the half- and high-arch vine training makes machine harvesting difficult. In addition, the grapes intertwine in the thick shoot wall.
• - With long fruit rods, the vine shows its polarizing property. In the end, the tail has a very strong shoot and fruit formation, towards the head, however, very weak shoots and little fruit formation. Weak shoots and a weak fruit are removed because they are useless, large grapes are halved so that they form a higher sugar content. This is associated with high costs due to the required manual labor and also means a loss of income.
• - support framework
• - When growing, the shoots hang down under their own weight and need support to prevent them from breaking. This is done with 2 to 3 movable pairs of double wires. These lift the shoots from the bottom up, stretch them and enable them to tend.
• - 6 to 8 wires are used. At the bottom there is 1 binding wire, then 1 bending wire, followed by 2 to 3 pairs of double wires, which have to be re-tensioned every year. This means a large amount of material, labor and costs that is not necessary.
• - The weight of the grapes and the fruit rod is on the lower 2 wires (binding and bending wire). It is about 3 kg of grapes and about 2 kg of rod weight. On top of the 2 to 3 pairs of double wires, approx. 5 kg of shoot and leaf mass are loaded. In total, this is approx. 10 kg per vine and for 100 to 200 vines in a row a good 1 to 2 tons. This puts enormous pressure on the wires and the end piles, which requires constant care, which is associated with costs for materials and labor for the repair.
• - The high density and the heavy leaf wall need a stable attachment to the wire frame; Here, stapling is done in 2 to 3 passes by hand or by machine, which means a lot of work and considerable costs.
• - In spring, so that the new fruit rods can be cut, the old wood must be unbundled from the wire frame; this also entails a high workload and high costs.
• The Lyra and Tatura (New Zealand) double hiking systems are a variant of trellis education. The shoots of a trellis rod are distributed at a height of 80 cm on the left and right on wires that are attached to 2 posts inserted into the ground in V-shape for Lyra and X-shape for Tatura so that they form a double wall. This training system requires 3 to 3.2 m row spacing, is very labor-intensive to process and cannot be mechanized in management, which is why it is hardly used (see the description of Lyra and Tatura in the article Training systems on Wikipedia). The new education system presented here has nothing in common with the existing systems. It is not a cordon, trellis or double wall system. It has nothing in common with Lyra and Tatura because it is not a trellis system education, it is not a double-post system in V or X shape and it does not have a double wall. The double wall systems form a V / U leaf wall along the entire row. With the new education system, there is no leaf wall. Each vine forms its own stem structure, which consists of stem and stem structure from 4 shoots in reverse trapezoidal shape like a separate tree with 4 branches inclined at 21 degrees to the side (see drawing 1, 2).
• - networks
• - Lately, plastic nets drained on both sides of the leaf wall have been used as an aid so that the shoots attach themselves to the wires through their tendrils.

• - Die Netze werden auch als Schutz vor Hagel, Vögeln und Wespen verwendet. Die Netzschutzsysteme, die in Deutschland angewendet werden, Weilex und Frustar, haben den Nachteil, dass sie durch ihr nach unten ziehendes Gewicht die Blattwand quetschen. Das hat zur Folge, dass die Blattwand sich verdichtet, die Belüftung sich verringert, der Hagel durch das Netz auf die Blätter schlägt und die Vögel und Wespen sich von außen auf das Netz setzen und an die Trauben gelangen; zudem sind die Netze wegen des Triebauswuchses oben offen, weshalb der Hagel frei in die Schneise einschlagen kann.
• - In Italien werden Netzschutzsysteme verwendet, die oben und unten einen Spalt von 10 bis 15 cm haben, aber so konstruiert sind, dass die Blattwand nicht gequetscht wird. Der Spalt oben und unten wird mit Plastiknägeln geschlossen, was zusätzliche Kosten bedeutet. Davon abgesehen haben sie die gleichen Nachteile wie die Netzsysteme in Deutschland. Die zurzeit angewendeten Netzschutzsysteme haben einen Schutzeffekt von ca. 60 %.
• - Überdachung
• - Eine Überdachung wird nur bei Tafeltrauben angewendet. Die Konstruktion ist schwer und kostspielig und wird aus diesen Gründen bei Keltertrauben nicht angewendet. Dazu kommt, dass die verbreiteten Kordon- und Spaliersysteme mit ihrer Gipfelung von oben eine Überdachung unmöglich machen, wenngleich diese sehr nützlich wäre.
• - Stationäre Applikation
• - Versuche zu einer stationären Applikation fanden im Weinberginstitut Klosterneuburg in Österreich mit mäßigem Erfolg statt. Die angewendete technische Lösung ist sehr kompliziert, wenig effektiv und teuer. Die Problematik hängt mit der dichten Laubwandstruktur der aktuell weit verbreiteten Kordon- und Spaliererziehungssysteme zusammen.
• - Bewässerung
• - Bewässert wird mit Tropfschläuchen, die entlang der Reihen in ca. 60 cm Höhe gezogen sind und mittels einer Pumpe aus einem Brunnen oder aus Zisternen gespeist werden. Die Oberfläche um den Rebstamm wird nass, was den Wuchs von Unkraut fördert, das später mit Pestiziden beseitigt werden muss. Es werden nur die dicken Wurzeln um den Stamm herum bewässert, die 40 cm seitlich befindlichen Saugwurzeln erhalten wenig Wasser.

This helps in part, but the tendrils also stick to the nets. This makes it necessary to raise and lower the nets in good time, i.e. before the tendrils are wooded, so that the tendrils tear off the nets, otherwise the nets will be torn apart when they are unrolled. However, some tendrils tear the nets.

• - The nets are also used to protect against hail, birds and wasps. The net protection systems used in Germany, Weilex and Frustar, have the disadvantage that they squeeze the leaf wall due to their downward pull. As a result, the leaf wall thickens, the ventilation is reduced, the hail hits the leaves through the net and the birds and wasps sit on the net from outside and get to the grapes; In addition, the nets are open at the top due to the shoot growth, which is why the hail can strike freely in the aisle.
• - In Italy, net protection systems are used that have a gap of 10 to 15 cm at the top and bottom, but are designed so that the leaf wall is not squeezed. The gap above and below is closed with plastic nails, which means additional costs. Apart from that, they have the same disadvantages as the network systems in Germany. The currently Network protection systems used have a protection effect of approx. 60%.
• - canopy
• - A canopy is only used for table grapes. The construction is heavy and costly and is therefore not used for wine grapes. In addition, the popular cordon and trellis systems, with their summit from above, make roofing impossible, although this would be very useful.
• - Stationary application
• - Attempts at a stationary application were carried out with moderate success in the Klosterneuburg vineyard institute in Austria. The technical solution used is very complicated, ineffective and expensive. The problem is related to the dense leaf wall structure of the currently widely used cordon and trellis education systems.
• - irrigation
• - Watering is carried out with drip hoses, which are drawn along the rows at a height of approx. 60 cm and are fed by a pump from a well or from cisterns. The surface around the vine trunk becomes wet, which promotes weed growth, which later has to be removed with pesticides. Only the thick roots around the trunk are watered, the 40 cm suction roots on the side receive little water.

Conceptually, you need a new type of irrigation, not an active one, but a passive one that constantly supplies the vine with water as needed.

5. The inventor has faced all the problems listed and described above and with the properties of a newly designed re-education system in a group of related technical inventions based on a single general inventive idea based on the invention, by the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1. Advantageous further developments of the method given by the invention result from the subclaims.

• - Die Grunderfindungsidee bestand darin, ein Verfahren zur Gestaltung eines neuartigen Rebenstockgerüstes ohne jegliche Art von Fruchtruten, wie Zapfen, Strecker, lange Ruten, als Kordon- oder Spalierfruchtruten zu schaffen, bestehend aus 4 Wasserschoss-Trieben, die auf den Eckkanten einer umgekehrten Trapezform positioniert sind, sodass jeder Rebstock wie ein einzelner Baum in der Reihe steht.
• - Erklärungen zu Begriffen im Weinbau im Zusammenhang mit der Anmeldung:
• - Wasserschosse sind grüne Triebe, die im Vegetationsjahr aus dem Altholz entlang des Rebenstammes und des Kopfes wachsen. In der Praxis ist der Stand der Technik, dass die Wasserschosse am Stamm abgebürstet, am Kopf eventuell 1 bis 2 als Ersatzruten für das Folgejahr belassen und die restlichen entfernt werden.
• - Die Wasserschosse spielen bei der Gestaltung der Rebkopfform des neuartigen Stammgerüstes eine wichtige Rolle. Bei der Umstellung auf Radikalschnitt durch das Entfernen des ganzen Altholzes auf dem Rebkopf und aller Kordon- und Spalierruten reagiert die Rebe mit mehr Wachstum an den Wasserschossen an Kopf und Stamm.

6. In the following, all components and the procedure for the design of the new component of the education system are presented.

• - The basic idea of the invention was to create a method for designing a new type of vine frame without any kind of fruit rods, such as cones, straighteners, long rods, as cordon or trellis fruit rods, consisting of 4 water shoot shoots, which are positioned on the corner edges of an inverted trapezoidal shape are so that each vine is in the row like a single tree.
• - Explanations of terms in viticulture in connection with the registration:
• - Shot of water are green shoots that grow out of the old wood along the vine trunk and the head during the growing season. In practice, the state of the art is that the water shoots are brushed off at the trunk, 1 or 2 are left on the head as replacement rods for the following year and the rest are removed.
• - The water shots play an important role in the design of the vine shape of the new stem structure. When switching to radical cutting by removing all the old wood on the vine head and all cordon and trellis rods, the vine reacts with more growth on the water shoots on the head and trunk.

The water shoots on the trunk are brushed off. Of those on the head, those in the position of about 2, 4, 8, 10 a.m. are grown for a 4-drive head design. They are the fruit carriers, the rest are removed. As they grow, these shoots are positioned on the ledges (H) 1.1 m and 1.4 m high with a shoot holder (T).

This 1-year-old wood is cut in the spring / following year just above the base node, from whose internode base on the head, from the vine head, a green shoot drives as a water lap in the growing year, which becomes a fruit carrier. Once the 4 shoots are positioned on the head at 2, 4, 8 and 10 o'clock, tenons are used each year to cut the new basic nodes. This keeps the head shape and the stick structure. Except for the 4 positioned base nodes, all other (wild growing) water shoots on the head and trunk are eliminated.

• - Nodien (C1) sind die Verdickungen (Knoten) an Grüntrieben und einjährigem Holz, aus denen im Vegetationsjahr Blätter, Trauben und Geize wachsen. Die letzte Nodie vor dem Kopf wird Basisnodie genannt. Sie ist wesentlich kürzer im Vergleich zu den anderen, höher liegenden Nodien am Trieb und wird als „Majak“ verwendet. Der Abstand zwischen zwei benachbarten Nodien wird als Internodie bezeichnet.
• - Geize (C2) sind Grüntriebe, die aus den Achseln der Blätter aus einem Grüntrieb wachsen, der aus einem Auge oder als Wasserschoss gewachsen ist. Bei dem neuen Verfahren werden die oberen letzten 2 Geize an jedem Trieb dafür verwendet, die Blattmasse für die zweite Traubenfrucht pro Trieb herzustellen. (s. Zeichnung 2)

After the dried out upper part of the basic internodes in the following year, elevations / cams and small horns develop over time ( D1 ) on the head. Hence the name cam head or horn head.

• - nodes ( C1 ) are the thickenings (knots) on green shoots and annual wood from which leaves, grapes and stinges grow in the growing year. The last node in front of the head is called the base node. It is much shorter in comparison to the other, higher lying nodes on the shoot and is used as "Mayak". The distance between two adjacent nodes is called an internode.
• - Avarice ( C2 ) are green shoots that grow out of the armpits of the leaves from a green shoot that grew out of one eye or as a shot of water. In the new process, the last 2 stinges on each shoot are used to produce the leaf mass for the second grape fruit per shoot. (s. draw 2 )

The remaining Geiztriebe are removed so that the 40 cm wide aisle in the center of the main frame is not overgrown, but remains free of leaves, so that the grape zone below can be sprayed through the aisle from above without any problems.

- Process for designing a trapezoidal cane structure in young vine plants

In the second year, the young plant is cut at a height of 80 cm just above the top eye so that this eye does not sprout. The juice pressure shifts to the two eyes below at a height of approx. 70 to 75 cm. The eyes underneath the trunk are removed to encourage the last two eyes to sprout. In young plants, the distance between the nodes is 3 to 4 cm. The two shoots are fixed on the strips (H) in positions 4 and 10 a.m. at 1.1 m and 1.4 m height. In the third year, only the bottom 3 eyes are allowed to float on each of the two shoots, the other eyes above are removed. The 2 woody shoots remain fixed in their position at a height of 1.1 m, the rest above is removed. The goal is for the young tribe to stiffen in this position. The following year you have the desired head shape by cutting the base nodes as a 4-drive formation at 4 and 8 and at 10 and 2 o'clock. With young plants there is the advantage that 4 short horns are formed at the head design in the positions 10 + 2 o'clock on one side of the row and 4 + 8 o'clock on the other side, which ensure a distance from the head. Then proceed as described above for the existing head.

- Process for designing the new trapezoidal shape - stick structure: cut and shape

The vine trunk ( A ) is done by cutting the old wood with the head ( D ) at a height of 70 to 75 cm in the form of a 4-cam head or 4-horn head. Water guns positioned at the head are used at certain points. This innovative trapezoidal shape of the cane frame is kept in shape by cutting every year. No old wood (wood from the previous year) is formed on the head, from whose eyes shoots can grow or fruit rods can form (see teeth 1, 2, fig. 1, 2, 3). The year-old wood from the previous year is turned upside down ( D ) at positions 10 and 2 and 4 and 8 o'clock the first nodes ( B ) (Base nodes) about 0.5 cm above the eyes of the nodes ( B1 ) cut as short cones (approx. 3 cm), depending on the length of the basic node.

The tight cut above the base node means that the eye just below it ( B1 ) is not adequately supplied with juice, thus does not develop and dries out as intended. The dry eye acts like a stopper and forces the juice down to the base of the node, where the shoot will grow from the stem head or horn. The green shoots sprout from the armpit where the juice pressure is highest ( C ) as a shot of water on which the grapes form. The cones dry out and will be cut to the head or horn the next spring when 4 basic node cones are cut again as "majaks" in the same way from the grown green shoot as annual wood. The inventor uses this term to distinguish it from the basic node fruit cones.

The basic node "majaks" are only used to grow green shoots at a certain point on the head and to arrange them in an advantageous form. Fruit carriers are only the water shoots, which grow as green shoots from the arm of the Mayaks on the trunk head. The eyes of the Mayaks are dry.

The green shoots grow through the above. Clock positioning on both sides of the row outwards and laterally inclined in an upside-down trapezoid shape, the 4 drives being positioned on the corner edges of the trapezoid. Basically, it is an inverted pyramid with a cut tip with an area of approx. 12 x 12 cm, which forms an inverted trapezoid in this form. However, shoots can also be added in the 6 and 12 o'clock positions.

The practice of developing the invention presented here has shown that the 4-drive formation is advantageous. The shoots are 30 to 40 cm apart on the first and 50 to 60 cm on the second bar ( H ) where they are in position ( T ) being held. The distance from the family tree to the family tree is 20 cm at a height of 1.70 m. Each vine trunk is an independent tree with 4 branches in a row. The leaf structure is very loose and the fruit quality and quantity very good. (see picture 11)

The 4-shoot formation has an optimal nutrient supply in relation to the number of shoots and the leaf mass, because the shoots are at the same height on the head and are exposed to the same sap pressure, so that the vine forms two grapes on each shoot, mostly on the second and third node. Due to the laterally outward inclination of the shoots, the grapes hang freely a distance of 40 cm in the length and width of the row. A shoot or grape thinning is not necessary, which means cost savings with guaranteed yield quality and quantity.

The 4 shoots are cut from the sides of the row on the right and left at a height of 1.70 m on both sides of 2 adjacent rows in the summit.

The length of the shoots of 1 m (head at 0.70 m and head cut at 1.70 m) with a node spacing of approx. 8 to 10 cm ensures the formation of approx. 12 leaves on the shoot. The leaves and the Geiztriebe from the head to the first bar (0.70 to 1.10 m) can be removed; it is about 4 leaves. The grapes hang freely and get air.

The head cut at 1.70 m allows the 2 pintle shoots from the positioning bar at 1.40 m to 1.70 m with the green shoot itself as an axis to form an upward-sweeping broom shoot structure that reduces the number of leaves to 18 to 20 pieces elevated. Seven leaves are needed to feed a grape. This means that the leaf mass that forms a shoot is more than sufficient to feed the two grapes per shoot that the vine regularly forms. This ensures a balance between the number of shoots, leaf mass, amount of fruit and quality with optimal use of the land area at less cost.

The 4-shoot formation in the form of an upturned trapeze forms with its shoots and leaves a transparent screen, which, due to the path of the sun, arches continuously over the grapes located at the base and provides them with direct sunlight at times, without sunburn cause, although the grape zone has been defoliated (see Fig. 11 and there the shadow on the ground).

The weight of each shoot, including leaves and grapes, is transferred directly to the vine trunk. The shoots are held by the holders ( T ) with a 5 cm hole in the middle on the strips only held in position but not tied (see Fig. 7, 8). The vine trunk itself is not fixed to the stick but with a ribbon ( A1 ) loosely attached to a 50 cm high metal bar running horizontally to the ground and anchored at the ends to the posts ( S ) bound but not attached. The entire frame structure is not loaded, it only carries itself. The load on the frame structure with 1 to 2 tons in rows 100 to 200 m long due to the weight of the rods, shoots, leaves and grapes is eliminated with the current state of the art - and thus the considerable labor and material costs.

The shoots grow and lean against two narrow steel strips running horizontally at a height of 1.10 and 1.40 m ( H ) until they are strong and 60 to 70 cm long and have formed grapes of 3 to 4 mm in size. Then they are put on holder ( T ), which are attached to the strips. Other shoots that may grow wild on the head are removed, the vine is relieved of wild shoots. The drive holders (T) are made of plastic or spring wire with a 5 cm hole in the middle; they are positioned at the same distance for each vine and remain there permanently.

The drive holders are mounted at a distance of 30 to 40 cm on the bottom bar and at a distance of 50 to 60 cm on the top bar. This permanently ensures the same distance from each other for the shoots positioned there. The result is a quite loose leaf structure that is fully sunbathed and well ventilated.

The grape zone is 40 cm wide with freely hanging grapes; it is freely accessible and therefore suitable for manual and mechanical harvesting (see Figures 9, 10). The grapes are not intertwined in the shoots as in the current state of the art.

With a silhouette in spring, the new basic node pins are formed and the stick is disposed of, which can also be done mechanically. Unbundling is not necessary.

The green shoots grow outwards at an angle of approx. 20 degrees. Thus, the lateral shoots (stingers) emanating from the shoot are aligned ( C2 ) straight up.

This creates a free leaf and shoot zone that runs conically downwards and the grapes hang freely on the lower side around the head. All leaves, the individual shoots as well as the grapes grow freely and can be easily treated from above with a stationary application.

- Procedure for designing a new trapezoidal support frame

As a result, the realization of the basic invention idea resulted in the invention of a novel vine scaffold structure with new properties and possibilities for the drive arrangement, the formation and the frame design. This resulted in the need to invent a new support framework specially tailored for this vine structure. The inventor took up this task and solved it technically.

The construction includes posts (E), which are 70 cm in the ground and 2 m above the ground are located. A crossbar (F) made of angle iron in the form of an inverted trapezoid is attached to each post at a height of 1.10 m. The opening is 70 cm at the top, 60 cm at the base and 30 cm in height. Approximately 20 cm long square metal tubes of 2 x 2 cm (G) are attached to the angle from the sides from the outside at the upper and lower ends of the trapezoid.

Due to the mass of the trapezoidal yoke, attached with its lower (narrower) side at a height of 1.10 m, the square tubes ( G ) on both sides of the row at a height of 1.10 m below and 1.40 m above, whereby the distance between the tubes is 60 cm below and 70 cm above due to the trapezoidal shape. These pipes with the cross-section of 2 x 2 cm make thin but hard galvanized metal strips bent on top on both sides along the row in a 60-degree V-shape ( H ) plugged in and guided continuously along the entire row. At a height of approx. 50 cm, but only as a simple line, such strips ( S ) fixed from post to post ( R ). The stacked strips are dimensioned so that they slide into each other; the expansion in heat therefore has no effect. This creates a frame construction from posts ( e ) at a distance of 4 m, a transverse yoke ( F ) per post, 2 strips ( H ) in 1.10 m and 2 strips at a height of 1.40 m for positioning the shoots and 1 strip ( S ) at a height of 50 cm for the trunks.

The construction is stable, only supports itself, is maintenance-free, durable and cheap. Everything that is used in the current state of the art for the creation and maintenance of vine frame constructions - wires, tensioners, end posts, anchors, ropes, master stickers, binders - as well as the annual repair work are no longer required. Working with 2 to 3 movable wire pairs to stretch the green shoots upwards, the following 2 to 3 stitching steps and the subsequent unbundling are also unnecessary. The new support framework brings many advantages with enormous cost savings.

If the support frame is used without a roof, the posts to which the trapezoidal crossbeams are attached can also be only 1.10 m high.

- Procedure for designing a new roofing of the support framework

The vine structure as a result of the basic invention idea has a stick structure with a 40 cm wide aisle in the middle, so that it can culminate from the side. This offered the opportunity to invent a new type of roof construction. The inventor took up this task and solved it technically.

The construction is that at the end of the post ( e ) at a height of 2 m across the posts a 100 cm long cross-yoke ( I ) with square tubes of 2 x 2 cm running along the row on both sides ( J ) with a length of 60 cm and a slot of 15 mm in the middle towards the inside of the row.

Along these lines, 4.2 m long legs made of 60-degree V-profile metal strips with 18 x 18 mm ( K ) inserted and the strips are inserted into each other along the row. In the 15 mm wide V-slot of the strips, a 105 cm wide and 8 mm thick polycarbonate sheet is folded on both sides from the inside of the row ( L ) as a downward V-shape in the slots of the strips ( K ) inserted and attached to the strips at a distance of 2 m ( U ). The tip of the polycarbonate plate is approx. 2.3 m high.

The roof construction is very light and stable. In winter, the snow slips off the roof, and it remains intact even in strong storms, as practical application has shown.

The canopy protects the shoots, the green mass and the grapes permanently from 100% against hail and rain. As a result, only small amounts of contact protection preparations have to be used, which therefore do not penetrate into the plant and fruit. Because they cannot be rinsed out by the rain, they remain effective all the time. The post-spraying acts on the shoot, leaf and fruit offspring and reinforces the previously sprayed vine parts. The plant is protected against illness with harmless substances.

The canopy keeps a path of 100 cm under the ground dry, thus preventing weed growth. The thick roots do not suck water, the water falls from the roof and sinks next to the aisle where the suction roots are. The current state of the art does not provide roofing systems for wine grapes.

- Process for designing a new type of stationary application

The vine frame as a result of the realization of the basic invention idea has created a stick frame with a 40 cm wide free leaf aisle in the middle without any interruption of the row. The grapes hang freely on the bottom of this cone shape. The shoots with leaves are positioned on the edges of the cone up to 1.70 m in height, culminating 30 cm in front of the roof.

The grape zone and the leaf and shoot structure are very loose, so when spraying every grape, every shoot and every leaf can be reached completely.

The inventor has recognized the possibility that the new kind of cane framework offers for the application of a new kind of stationary application for vine protection. He also tackled this task and solved it in a technically inventive way.

A three-layer aluminum tube ( M ) with a diameter of 20 mm, which is very light but stiff, can withstand 10 atm pressure (rolls of 100/200 m) and is used for heating cables. The pipe is attached to each post along the row under the canopy. A spray nozzle protrudes from the pipe ( N ). Alternatively, a flexible ULW black plastic tube with 20 mm diameter and 10 atm can be used. It is attached to the post rail at a height of 50 cm ( S ) attached and on each or every second post (depending on whether one-sided or two-sided spray nozzles are used) a line is laid upwards on the post, at the end of which the spray nozzle ( N ) is mounted. However, the first variant is preferable. The nozzle sprays a 4 to 5 m long and 100 cm wide strip from the post on the right and left with a pressure of 2 to 5 bar and is adjustable. The so-called strip nozzles with pop-up rods from the Rainbird brand were used.

The pressure drop along the vine is regulated with the nozzles so that all nozzles spray evenly. Instead of microsprayers, regular irrigation spray nozzles with the smallest spray head opening and water volume were used. The nozzle can carry small particles out without clogging. The construction works without pressure compensators and filters at a pressure of 3 bar. The spray system is set so that the jet from the nozzles of two neighboring posts hits the center between the posts at the lowest pressure and minimum spray quantity. This ensures an even application of the spray mixture to the plants with the lowest consumption. It is sprayed very briefly, only about 15 seconds, so that the plants get wet.

The spray lines of several rows are combined in blocks and fed centrally with a push-on connection. The spray volume required for a block is calculated based on the number of nozzles in the row. Blocks with the same number of nozzles are formed. A smaller container is filled with the amount for 1 block from the entire container with spray liquid and sprayed out with an air pressure of 3 bar. There is no spray liquid in the lines and nozzles. This means that all blocks can be sprayed one after the other with little material, quickly, cheaply and even in difficult terrain and bad weather, without having to drive into the individual alleys. The right and left blocks can be edited simultaneously from the central path.

- Procedure for designing a new type of network protection system

The novel vine frame as a result of the realization of the basic idea of the invention has led to a conical drive structure and a corresponding support frame with a roof. This necessitated the invention of a new network protection system that was developed specifically for the requirements of the new vine structure and support framework. This task was also solved according to the invention.

The new design eliminates all disadvantages of the previous systems, which are that they are open at the top or top and bottom and lie close to the leaf, so that hail damages the leaf through the net and wasps and birds reach the grapes from the outside through the net can.

These disadvantages are remedied by the fact that the net closes the entire vine and at the same time has a distance of 30 cm below and 20 cm above because of the cone shape from the leaf wall. The net remains open on the sides until harvesting, and is only closed during the final ripening of the grapes before harvest.

Since the roof is 100 cm wide and 30 cm above the top of the vine, on the other hand the foliage is 60 cm below and 80 cm wide at the top, hail cannot damage the leaves and the grapes even without a net protection, even if the Hail falling through the wind with a slope to the ground. The foliage is high and the grape zone in the middle is only 40 cm wide, which prevents it from being damaged by hail in the wind.

This means that on the one hand the construction offers 100% protection against hail and on the other hand the nets can remain open until the harvest time. The tendrils can not cling to the net - not even on the net slope - and the summit is not restricted by anything. In addition, cane cutting and waste wood removal (also by machine) can be carried out in spring without hindrance, which is not possible with all the current state-of-the-art network systems.

The construction consists of an aluminum tube ( O ) with a diameter of 12 to 16 mm, which is light, rigid and cheap and is sold in rolls of 100 or 200 m. The pipe is bent to the required length for the row and in a 10 cm long tube with 6 cm diameter as a bearing shell ( P ) mounted on each post under the roof at both ends of the cross roof yoke ( I ) is attached. The bearing shells ( P ) have a 2 to 3 cm wide longitudinal cut in position 2 Clock through which the pipe ( O ), which has the role of a winding axis, is inserted into the shell. The corners of the longitudinal slot of the bearing shells are softly rounded so that the net ( Q ) does not catch and get caught when unrolling or rolling up.

The pipe is centered on both ends of the pipes, on the first and last roof cross-yoke, on specially designed repository devices. One of them has a winding lock so that the unrolling or winding of the net can be stopped and fixed in any position. There is a small crank and a hexagonal profile at the beginning of the tube so that the cord can be quickly wound up with a cordless screwdriver. The net is attached to the pipe with adhesive strips and staples and the lower end is weighted every 2 m with small hanging weights, so that the net rolls itself from the roof edge to the floor. At the end, a flexible 12- to 16-mm irrigation pipe can also be attached to make the network even heavier, to keep it taut during thunderstorms and close to the ground.

The large distance between the net and the grape area (30 to 40 cm) on each side prevents bees and wasps from smelling the sweetness and aroma of the grapes so that they do not stay in their area. On the other hand, the shoots, which are strongly inclined outwards, and the black net obstruct the view from above of the grape area, which prevents birds from seeing the grapes and continuing to fly. This effect occurs regardless of the fact that due to the large distance between the net and the grapes, neither wasps and bees nor birds can cause damage, and thus offers 100% protection.

The tendrils cannot reach the net and they can be damaged when they are removed. Up to the ripening time of 1 month, the net remains rolled up under the roof and thus protected from the sun, which significantly increases its lifespan.

The new protective net construction also has another useful function. After harvesting, both nets are rolled down to the ground and left there. The falling vine leaves only collect in the 100 cm wide aisle between the nets, intertwine and form a layer that even strong winds do not blow away, as practice has shown. This organic layer protects the soil from dehydration, does not allow weeds to grow under or over it, but leads to the formation of beneficial organisms beneath it, which slowly decompose the organic material. Since weeds do not grow on this leaf layer, practice has again confirmed that it is not necessary to treat this area with herbicides, as is currently practiced. This means considerable cost savings since no herbicides, machines and labor are required, and it also protects nature.

Before the snow falls, the nets are rolled up to the roof until the next harvest. The snow covers the layer of leaves in winter, takes the decomposed nutrients with it when it melts in spring and transports them into the earth in this 100 cm wide aisle and thus 50 cm on each side of the vine trunk to the roots.

- Process for designing a new irrigation system

As already described in detail above, the roofing has many useful properties. One of them is that the 100 cm wide area under the roof is not irrigated, which prevents or at least minimizes the growth of weeds. The water from the roof falls on the outer edges of these 100 cm wide strips, where the suction roots are at a depth of 50 to 80 cm. Today's irrigation along the vine trunks is ineffective because there are no suction roots there. Such irrigation fed by wells or cisterns is also expensive. Irrigation of the areas mentioned brings with it weed growth, which in turn necessitates elimination with herbicides.

The inventor set himself the task of inventing a new irrigation system specifically for the new support frames, which he succeeded in doing. He found a technical solution that he called "passive irrigation". This new type of irrigation system does not need wells or cisterns or irrigation pipes. It works passively according to physical principles and, as practice shows, always provides the amount of water that the plant needs.

The technical construction consists of 2 components: the roof itself and a plastic tarpaulin with cams on the surface, the width of which corresponds to the center distance of the machines used in the vineyards. If no machines are used, the width of the tarpaulin is from the 100 cm strip under the roof of one row to the strip under the roof of the neighboring row. The tarpaulin is buried on both sides with a slope of approx. 10 cm.

As mentioned above, passive irrigation works according to physical principles. Outside the 100 cm protection of the roof, the water from the roof falls to the floor where the tarpaulin laid in the middle of the row in front of the free tire width ends on both sides. The tarp has approx. 10 to 20 mm high and wide cams and strips at a distance of approx. 20 mm.

The function of the cams is to disperse the water when it rains and to direct it to the edge where it sinks into the ground. Worms, beetles etc. settle under the tarpaulin, i.e. beneficial organisms that drill their channels in the ground in deeper areas, which promotes the rapid absorption of water where the vine suction roots are located. Water is physically absorbed into the ground in a drip-pear shape. This sinks one half in the area of the strips under the roof and the other half under the tarpaulin, but due to the pear-shaped sinking, the strip under the roof is only slightly moistened on the surface and dries quickly. This does not create sufficient moisture for weed growth, while the lower area, in which the suction roots are located, is well moistened.

The water that sinks at the edges of the tarpaulin is directed inwards due to the shape of the pear and is absorbed in the lower areas under the tarpaulin, where it is absorbed by the entire area under the tarpaulin according to the osmosis principle. This creates a water reservoir that is protected from drying out by the tarpaulin and is refilled with every rain. The strips under the roof, bordering the tarpaulin area on both sides and 50 cm wide on each side of the tarpaulin, draw moisture from the tarpaulin area according to the osmosis principle and thus satisfy the water requirements of the vines. The roots of the vines themselves strive towards the moisture area under the tarpaulin. The tarpaulin itself dries out very quickly after rain. Without a tarpaulin, however, the earth releases moisture long after a rain even when it is green, which promotes fungal diseases.

The tarp is alternately in partial shade or is fully irradiated by the sun. Part of the radiation heats the soil under the tarpaulin and promotes the absorption of moisture according to the osmosis principle from the deeper layers of the earth when the upper layer has less moisture than the deeper - the effect is like that of a water lift. The other part of the heat is radiated upwards by the tarpaulin, which is black, thus promoting ripening, drying the air and thus reducing the development of fungi.

The use of this new type of passive irrigation system enables enormous cost savings compared to the use of conventional irrigation systems with greening and working on the alleys. Fertilization in the form of liquid manure or other type is applied to both sides of the tarpaulin (where the tire track runs when the lanes are machined, i.e. on both sides of the tarpaulin) and worked into the soil or spread in strips under the roof next to the tarpaulin on both sides, where they act as a depot and can penetrate deeper into the soil to the root area each time it rains or snow melts.

During the development of the passive irrigation system, a tarpaulin was used as a makeshift, which is used in construction for the protection of the foundation (20 m long, 1 m wide). The tarpaulin easily lasted for 10 years, although it was not produced for this purpose. A specially developed tarpaulin with V-shaped cams in the middle would be the optimal solution.

The application of the new irrigation system is cheaper and more effective than that of the other state-of-the-art systems.

Advantages of the new kind of education system

The advantages of the new type of education system are largely apparent from the description of the individual system components, but are summarized below.

The design of the novel vine frame with advantageous drive assignment eliminates all the problems that exist in the current state of the art in connection with the formation of fruit rods in cordon or trellis training and all other systems.

There are no rods, the head cut is simple, the shoot assignment is advantageous, there is very loose foliage and shoot growth, there is no overshadowing and no leaf wall formation. The shoot leaf structure forms a transparent screen over the grape zone. There is no need to staple the shoots and unbundle them, which means versatile savings in labor and material costs.

The construction of the support frame is simple, stable, inexpensive, durable and maintenance-free. Labor and material costs in the creation and maintenance are comparatively low. End posts, wires, tensioners, anchors, anchor cables and the like. a. as well as the annual maintenance.

The canopy is stable, inexpensive, durable and maintenance-free, it offers 100% protection against rain and hail, which means that hail insurance is no longer required. Because of the rain protection, there is less fungal attack, so treatment with contact preparations is sufficient. The canopy is a novelty, it has never existed with wine grapes.

The stationary application is effective, inexpensive to produce and saves material and labor costs while increasing the quality of the grapes.

The new type of passive irrigation is inexpensive, durable, maintenance-free and needs water from nature. There is also a saving in material, labor and maintenance costs here, as no water pipes, cisterns, wells, pumps etc. are required.

• Erstens werden Frostschäden, eine mangelnde Reife des Holzes, das für die Fruchtruten benötigt wird, eine Beschädigung des Rutenholzes durch Hagel, die sich dann im folgenden Jahr bemerkbar macht, und weitere Schäden keine Wirkung haben, weil das Altholz gänzlich entfernt wird und die neuen Triebe nur aus den Augen (Majaks) der Basisnodien wachsen.
• Zweitens kann man die Vegetation der Reben gezielt zum Herbst hin verlagern und damit früh austreibende Rebsorten, die von Frühlingsfrost geschädigt werden, schützen. Da keine Fruchtruten aus dem vorjährigen Holz erforderlich sind, lässt man die Rebe ihrer Natur gemäß auszutreiben, egal ob es Frost gibt oder nicht und ob der Austrieb geschädigt wird oder nicht, da das Holz ohnehin gänzlich entfernt wird.

Regardless of the advantages mentioned above, the new type of education system has two characteristics that no other education system can have:

• First, frost damage, a lack of ripeness of the wood needed for the fruit rods, damage to the rod wood by hail, which then becomes noticeable the following year, and further damage will have no effect because the old wood is completely removed and the new shoots only grow from the eyes (majaks) of the basic nodes.
• Secondly, the vegetation of the vines can be deliberately shifted towards autumn, thus protecting early-growing grape varieties that are damaged by spring frost. Since no fruit rods from the wood of the previous year are required, the vine is allowed to sprout according to its nature, regardless of whether there is frost or not and whether the shoot is damaged or not, since the wood is removed entirely anyway.

The shoot begins at the highest point, i.e. at a height of 1.7 m, where the shoots have culminated and the juice pressure is at its highest, and slowly shifts down to the head. It can take up to 2 weeks before the eyes start to float in front of the head. During this time, the risk of frost is bridged and the old wood can be removed. As a result, the juice pressure of the vine shifts to the 4 basic nodes (majaks), from the armpits of which green shoots form on the head as water shots. All green shoots on which the leaves and grapes form begin to develop by more than 2 weeks towards autumn. The time of spring frosts is bridged.

lIST

A -

vine trunk

A1 -

heir

B -

Basic node cones

B1 -

Basic eye eye

C -

Green shoot

C1 -

Node / knot

C2 -

covetousness

D -

stem head

D1 -

Cam / horn

E -

post

F -

Trapezquerjoch

G -

Trapezjoch pipe

H -

Trapezjoch bar

I -

Dachquerjoch

J -

Dachquerjoch-Roh

K -

Dachquerjoch bar

L -

top, roof

M -

Spray pipe

N -

nozzle

O -

Net wrap pipe

O1 -

repository

P -

bearing shell

Q -

network

R -

post tube

S -

header row

T -

engine bracket

U -

roof mounting

NOTE: 11 pictures with explanatory list, which are relevant for the description and the drawings, are submitted not as part of the registration, but as support for further training. They are intended to provide a better understanding of the description and the drawings in the test procedure and as a comparison with the prior art, and to provide insight into the real application of the new education system and the practice of developing the application.

Claims (7)

Process for designing a radical cut - trapezoidal shape drive assignment - reeducation system consisting of: trapezoidal cane frame, trapezoidal shape support frame, roofing, stationary application, net protection and passive irrigation characterized in that the cane frame of the individual vine in the row without any form of fruit rods from one year or several years Wood is designed like cones, straighteners, long rods and others, and the shoots (C) of the cane frame are newly growing water shots, arranged in an inverted trapezoid shape, only on the head. Procedure according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the shoots (C) of the stick frame the armpits (B2) grow from basic nodes (B) on the vine head (D) and are arranged in the form of an inverted trapezoid by the drive holder (T) on the ledges (H) of the trapezoidal yoke (F). Procedure according to Claim 1 to 2 , characterized in that the reverse trapezoidal support frame made of posts (E), a trapezoidal cross yoke (F) attached to the post with 4 laterally attached trapezoidal cross yoke tubes (G), 4 trapezoidal cross yoke strips (H) which are inserted through the trapezoidal cross yoke tubes , a post tube (R) attached to the post with a plug-in post strip (S) and 8-12 drive bracket (T). Procedure according to Claim 1 to 3 , characterized in that the roof consists of a roof cross yoke (I) with roof cross yoke tubes (J) with a slit in the middle of the inner sides, transverse to its ends, 2 roof cross yoke strips with slots (K) through the roof cross yoke tubes (J) are inserted, and a roof (L) preferably made of polycarbonate with a V-profile, the edges of which are inserted into the slots in the roof cross-yoke tubes (J) and roof cross-yoke strips (K) and with the roof fastener (U) on the roof cross-yoke Strips (K) are attached, mounted on posts (E) preferably at a height of 2 m. Procedure according to Claim 1 to 4 , characterized in that the stationary application consists of a spray line pipe (M), which is laid on the post (E) or on the post strip (S), spray nozzles (N), which are connected at the post height, a total container and a dosing container and an air pump consists. Procedure according to Claim 1 to 5 , characterized in that the net protection consists of a net winding tube (O) with 2 end tube bearings (O1), one of them with crank and winding lock, bearing shells (P) for the net winding tube and net (Q) with weights at the lower end. Procedure according to Claim 1 to 6 , characterized in that the passive irrigation consists of a tarpaulin, the surface of which has a cam structure, preferably in a V-shape, and which is laid in the rows of vines along the alleys and is somewhat buried on both sides in the earth.

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