DE102017100978B4 - Lifting device and method for maintaining a railway bridge - Google Patents

Abstract

Load lifting device, - with a support frame (4) for attaching a load (46), - with a hydraulic device (6), - with a first chassis (8) and - with a second chassis (10), - wherein the support frame (4) is mounted on the chassis (8, 10) and the hydraulic device (6) is set up to support the support frame (4) on a track (12) and to lift it off the chassis (8, 10).

Description

The invention relates to a load lifting device and a method for maintaining a railway bridge.

When lignite is mined, the coal extracted from the open pit is transported to a coal bunker via a railway network. The coal bunker has an overall height of approx. 15 m and is spanned by a railway bridge so that the railway cars loaded with coal can be positioned directly above the feed openings of the coal bunker.

The track in the area of the railway bridge has no thresholds and is mounted on lattice-like or frame-like track beam supports to enable the coal to be unloaded vertically into the bunker. By unlocking the fold-out or pivotable wagon floors, the coal falls from the wagons directly into the coal bunker.

The end of the track beam girders of the railway bridge rest on support structures that are formed on column-like supports or pillars of the railway bridge. Due to the jerky unloading of up to 120 tons of coal, these support structures are exposed to high dynamic loads. In order to reduce wear and tear and for damping purposes, the track beam girders therefore rest in particular on one or more elastomeric cushions which are part of the support structure. In addition to one or more elastomer cushions, the support structure can have holding or frame elements which serve to secure the position, as an assembly aid and / or to hold the elastomer cushions.

The support structures arranged between the track beam girders and the supports have a service life of approx. 30 years and must be renewed or serviced at the end of their service life in order to ensure that the track beam girders are reliably supported. To do this, the track beam girder must be lifted off the supports to allow access to the support structures.

When renovating such a support structure, there is a particular challenge in the restricted accessibility of the track beam girder - on the one hand for lifting devices for lifting the track beam girder and on the other hand for the maintenance personnel. For example, there is no way of supporting rail-mounted lifting devices at the side of the track. Overhead lines for supplying energy to the railway make it difficult to use a crane. Furthermore, scaffolding structures to reach the supports to be serviced are time-consuming and costly.

Basically, from the prior art, for example from the DE 31 22 892 C2 and the DD 2 38 820 A1 Systems known that can be used in the maintenance of railway bridges, but which do not address the problems mentioned here.

Against this background, the present invention is based on the technical problem of specifying a load lifting device and a method for maintaining a railway bridge, which do not have the disadvantages described above or at least to a lesser extent and in particular enable inexpensive and time-saving maintenance of a railway bridge.

The technical problem described above is solved by a load lifting device according to claim 1 and a method for maintaining a railway bridge according to claim 9. Further embodiments of the invention emerge from the dependent claims and the description below.

According to a first aspect, the invention relates to a load lifting device with a support frame for attaching a load, with a hydraulic device, with a first chassis and with a second chassis, wherein the support frame is mounted on the chassis and the hydraulic device is set up to mount the support frame to be supported on a track and lifted off the chassis.

With the aid of the load lifting device, support structures of a track beam girder of a railway bridge can be maintained in a simple, inexpensive and time-saving manner by attaching the track beam girder to the support frame and hydraulically lifting it together with the support frame. For example, the track beam girder can rest on four support structures that can be serviced or replaced at the same time after the track beam girder is lifted.

A support structure can have one or more elastomeric cushions that are part of the support structure. In addition to one or more elastomer cushions, the support structure can have holding or frame elements which serve to secure the position, as an assembly aid and / or to hold the elastomer cushions.

As an alternative or in addition, the load lifting device can be used for maintaining track scales, in particular for exchanging load cells on such a track scales.

The hydraulic device can be set up to lift the support frame together with a load, in particular a track beam carrier, 0 cm to 50 cm from the chassis. The hydraulic device can be set up to lift the support frame together with a load, in particular a track beam carrier, 0 cm to 30 cm from the chassis. The hydraulic device can be set up to lift the support frame together with a load, in particular a track beam carrier, up to 15 cm from the chassis. A track beam carrier can thus be lifted from a support or a support structure with the aid of the load lifting device in such a way that, for example, an elastomer cushion arranged between the track beam support and the support can be replaced, or a support structure can be serviced or renewed.

The hydraulic device can be set up to lift a track beam carrier essentially parallel to a vertical direction from its end support structures without tilting or tilting of the track beam carrier with respect to its assigned supports. In other words, the hydraulic device can be set up to lift two end sections of a track beam carrier assigned to the support structures simultaneously and in parallel from their respectively assigned support structures.

The hydraulic device can be set up to lift a track beam carrier with a weight of up to 30 tons together with the support frame at a speed of 0 cm / min to 175 cm / min.

The load lifting device can be moved along a track with the aid of the chassis. The lifting device is therefore in particular rail-bound. Alternatively, the load lifting device can have chassis that are roadworthy.

The chassis can in particular be bogies.

The load lifting device can be set up to be moved in a rail network, in particular the heavy load or goods network of Deutsche Bahn. The load lifting device can be set up to drive through a curve radius of 1500 m or more.

The hydraulic device is set up in particular to support the support frame on rails of the track.

According to a further embodiment of the load lifting device, it is provided that the hydraulic device has one or more hydraulic rams, in particular four hydraulic rams, wherein at least one of the hydraulic rams, in particular each of the hydraulic rams, has a receptacle and the receptacle is set up to hold a rail head of a rail at least in sections to encompass. The receptacle can therefore provide a form-fitting contact between the hydraulic ram and a rail in a simple manner.

A hydraulic ram can be controlled fully hydraulically, in particular using a hand lever. Alternatively or in addition, a hydraulic lever can be controlled with a computer.

An external device for distance measurement can be assigned to a hydraulic ram in order to record the stroke of the hydraulic ram. A current lifting height can alternatively or additionally be recorded manually, in particular with the aid of a color marking or the like.

The recording can be a U-profile. For example, the receptacle can be designed in the shape of a fork and have two guide cheeks which are spaced apart from one another and which are designed to laterally encompass a rail head of a rail on two sides. In this way, the hydraulic ram can be prevented from sliding sideways from a rail head.

Alternatively or in addition, at least four hydraulic rams can be provided, a first pair of hydraulic rams being connected by means of a first cross strut and a second pair of hydraulic rams being connected to a second cross strut. With the aid of at least four hydraulic rams, a track beam girder can be lifted off associated supports in a simple manner without tilting or tilting the track beam girder. Bracing the hydraulic rams in pairs can prevent the hydraulic rams from sliding off the rails.

According to a further embodiment, the load lifting device has a locking device which is set up to fix the support frame on the chassis or to release it for lifting. The support frame can therefore be firmly connected to the chassis when the load lifting device is moved along the track, so that it is not possible to lift the support frame off the chassis. For this purpose, the support frame can be screwed to the chassis, for example, in particular with the aid of a threaded rod and a wing nut. The screw connection can be loosened in order to enable the support frame to be lifted off the chassis.

According to a further embodiment, the load lifting device has a first Linear guide element assigned to the first chassis and a second linear guide element assigned to the second chassis, the linear guide elements being designed to positively counteract a relative movement of the chassis transversely to the support frame when the support frame is raised or lowered. The linear guide elements therefore ensure that the chassis maintain their position in the track when the support frame is raised or lowered.

A linear guide element can be a mandrel fastened to a chassis and seated in a guide opening in the support frame. When the support frame is raised or lowered, the support frame is guided along the mandrel and slides with its recess along the mandrel. The mandrel can form a centering for easier positioning of the support frame when it is lowered onto the chassis. A mandrel for guiding and centering the support frame can be assigned to each chassis.

The linear guide elements can be releasably attached to the chassis.

The load lifting device can have one or more working platforms, in particular six working platforms, the working platforms being fastened to the support frame so that they can be lowered. The working platforms can in particular be attached to the support frame such that they can be lowered hydraulically. With the help of one or more working platforms, a person's access to a support structure to be serviced of a track beam girder of a railway bridge can be provided in a simple manner. The working platforms can be lowered and raised again separately and independently of one another.

According to a further embodiment, the load lifting device has a linkage, the linkage being set up to attach a track beam girder of a railway bridge to the support frame, the linkage in particular having at least two longitudinal girders and a crossbeam, the crossbeams being set up to provide a support for lifting the track beam girder to form and wherein the longitudinal beams are set up to connect the cross member to the support frame.

The linkage can be suspended from the support frame and encompass the track beam carrier on the circumferential side. The linkage can be releasably attached to the support frame and, after the lifting device has been positioned above a track beam carrier, can be installed manually in order to fasten the track beam carrier to the carrier frame. The support frame can have recesses for receiving and fastening the longitudinal beams on the support frame, in particular longitudinal holes. The side members can be threaded rods. The threaded rods can be made from a spring steel.

According to a further embodiment of the load lifting device, the support frame has two end segments with which the support frame is mounted on the chassis, the support frame having a center segment which is arranged between the end segments of the support frame and the center segment being interchangeable and / or adjustable in length is. In this way, the load lifting device can be adapted to a length dimension of a load to be lifted.

• - wobei die Eisenbahnbrücke eine Mehrzahl von Gleisbalkenträgern aufweist, die endseitig jeweils auf Auflagerkonstruktionen aufliegen und wobei die folgenden Verfahrensschritte durchlaufen werden:
  1. a) Positionieren einer Lasthebevorrichtung, die in voranstehende beschriebener Weise ausgestaltet ist, im Bereich eines anzuhebenden Gleisbalkenträgers, derart, dass der Tragrahmen den anzuhebenden Gleisbalkenträger überspannt;
  2. b) Abstützen des Tragrahmens auf dem Gleis mithilfe der Hydraulikvorrichtung;
  3. c) Lösen, insbesondere Auftrennen, eines von dem Gleisbalkenträger getragenen Schienenabschnitts aus dem Gleis;
  4. d) Befestigen des Gleisbalkenträger an dem Tragrahmen;
  5. e) Abheben des Gleisbalkenträgers von den Auflagerkonstruktionen durch ein Abheben des Tragrahmens von den Fahrgestellen mithilfe der Hydraulikvorrichtung;
  6. f) Wartung der Auflagerkonstruktionen.

According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a method for maintaining a railway bridge,

• - wherein the railway bridge has a plurality of track beam girders, the ends of which rest on support structures and the following process steps are carried out:
  1. a) Positioning a load lifting device, which is designed in the manner described above, in the area of a track beam girder to be lifted, in such a way that the support frame spans the track beam girder to be lifted;
  2. b) supporting the support frame on the track with the aid of the hydraulic device;
  3. c) releasing, in particular separating, a rail section carried by the track beam girder from the track;
  4. d) attaching the track beam girder to the support frame;
  5. e) lifting the track beam carrier from the support structures by lifting the support frame from the chassis with the aid of the hydraulic device;
  6. f) Maintenance of the support structures.

With the aid of the method according to the invention, maintenance of the support structures can be carried out in a simple and cost-effective manner.

The designation of the procedural steps does not specify any mandatory order. For example, step c) can be carried out before step b).

• - Austausch der Elastomerkissen.

According to a further embodiment of the method, it is provided that the railway bridge spans a coal bunker and the track beam girders rest on one or more elastomer cushions in the area of the support structures, process step f) having the following process step:

• - Replacement of the elastomer pads.

In this way, the elastomer cushions can be exchanged in a simple and inexpensive manner.

• 1A eine erfindungsgemäße Lasthebevorrichtung in einer perspektivischen Ansicht von oben;
• 1B die Lasthebevorrichtung aus 1A in einer perspektivischen Ansicht von unten;
• 1C eine Ausschnittvergrößerung der Lasthebevorrichtung aus 1B;
• 1D eine weitere Ausschnittvergrößerung der Lasthebevorrichtung aus 1B;
• 1E die Lasthebevorrichtung aus 1A in einer Seitenansicht;
• 1F die Lasthebevorrichtung aus 1A in einer Draufsicht;
• 1G die Lasthebevorrichtung aus 1E in einem Querschnitt;
• 1H die Lasthebevorrichtung aus 1F in einem Längsschnitt;
• 1J die Lasthebevorrichtung aus 1A in einer perspektivischen Ansicht von unten;
• 2A Ausschnitt einer Eisenbahnbrücke in einer perspektivischen Ansicht von oben;
• 2B Ausschnitt der Eisenbahnbrücke aus 2A in einer perspektivischen Ansicht von unten;
• 2C Ausschnitt der Eisenbahnbrücke aus 2A in einer Seitenansicht;
• 2D Ausschnitt der Eisenbahnbrücke aus 2A in einer Draufsicht;
• 3A Positionieren der Lasthebevorrichtung;
• 3B Absenken der Arbeitsbühnen;
• 3C Absenken der Hydraulikstempel;
• 3D Absenken der Hydraulikstempel;
• 3E Montage der Gestänge;
• 3F Anheben des Gleisbalkenträgers.

The invention is described in more detail below with the aid of a drawing showing exemplary embodiments. They each show schematically:

• 1A a load lifting device according to the invention in a perspective view from above;
• 1B the lifting device off 1A in a perspective view from below;
• 1C an enlarged section of the lifting device 1B ;
• 1D Another enlarged section of the lifting device 1B ;
• 1E the lifting device off 1A in a side view;
• 1F the lifting device off 1A in a plan view;
• 1G the lifting device off 1E in a cross section;
• 1H the lifting device off 1F in a longitudinal section;
• 1Y the lifting device off 1A in a perspective view from below;
• 2A Detail of a railway bridge in a perspective view from above;
• 2 B Section of the railway bridge 2A in a perspective view from below;
• 2C Section of the railway bridge 2A in a side view;
• 2D Section of the railway bridge 2A in a plan view;
• 3A Positioning the load lifting device;
• 3B Lowering the work platforms;
• 3C Lowering the hydraulic ram;
• 3D Lowering the hydraulic ram;
• 3E Assembly of the rods;
• 3F Lifting the track beam girder.

In 1A is a load lifting device according to the invention 2 shown in a perspective view from above. The lifting device 2 has a support frame 4th for attaching a load. The lifting device 2 has a hydraulic device 6th . The lifting device 2 has a first chassis 8th and a second chassis 10 . The chassis 8th , 10 are designed here as bogies.

The support frame 4th is on the chassis 8th , 10 assembled. The hydraulic device 6th is set up to the support frame 4th on a track 12th ( 2 ) and from the chassis 8th , 10 take off.

The hydraulic device 6th is designed in several parts. The hydraulic device has a frame 14th on, which is provided to accommodate a mobile hydraulic unit (not shown). Alternatively, a hydraulic unit can be permanently installed in the load lifting device 2 be integrated. The hydraulic device 6th in the present case has four hydraulic rams 16 , how 1B can be found.

The hydraulic rams 16 are in 1C and 1D shown in enlarged views. To improve clarity, in 1C two struts of the support frame 4th not shown to the hydraulic ram 16 to make visible. Any of the hydraulic rams 16 has a recording 18th . The recording 18th is set up to have a rail head 20th one rail 22nd to reach around at least in sections ( 3 ). Any of the hydraulic rams 16 has a hydraulic cylinder 24 . Such a hydraulic cylinder 24 is via a pipe and hose system of the hydraulic device 6th can be coupled with a hydraulic unit to the hydraulic cylinder 24 to apply pressure and the support frame 4th from the bogies 8th , 10 take off. Here is the recording 18th a U-profile that supports the rail head 20th when supporting the support frame 4th on the rails 22nd at least partially encompassed on both sides ( 3 ).

The lifting device 2 has a locking device 26th . The locking device 26th is set up to the support frame 4th on the chassis 8th , 10 to fix or to lift off the support frame 4th from the chassis 8th , 10 to release. The locking device 26th is in 1H shown. 1H corresponds to a section along the line H in 1F . The locking device 26th has a wing nut 28 on that on a thorn 30th is screwed, which has an end thread. The thorn 30th is fixed to the chassis 10 connected. On the thorn 30th sits a sleeve 32 that are firmly attached to the support frame 4th connected is. With the help of the wing nut 28 becomes the sleeve 32 of the support frame 4th on the thorn 30th set. The bogie 8th is identical to the support frame 4th connected.

The locking device 26th is also in 1G shown. 1G is a Sectional view along the line G from the side view according to FIG 1E .

The lifting device 2 has a first linear guide element 34 that the first chassis 8th assigned. The lifting device 2 has a second linear guide element 36 that the second chassis 10 assigned ( 1E , 1H) .

The linear guide elements 34 , 36 are set up to allow a relative movement of the chassis 8th , 10 across the support frame 4th when raising or lowering the support frame 4th counteract positively. The present form the mandrel 30th and the sleeve 32 the second linear guide element 36 ( 1H) . So becomes a lower guide section 38 the sleeve 32 when lifting the support frame 4th along the thorn 30th of the bogie 10 guided so that the bogie 10 when lifting the support frame 4th not below the support frame 4th can be moved away or starts rolling.

The lower guide section 38 the sleeve 32 is self-centering in a complementary shaped shell 40 of the bogie 10 recorded. One of the first bogies 8th The associated mandrel and a corresponding sleeve form the first linear guide element in an analogous manner 34 that the first bogie 8th assigned.

The lifting device 2 has six hydraulically adjustable work platforms 42 . The working platforms 42 are on the support frame 4th Can be lowered and raised hydraulically. Like that 1A and 1B can be seen, are the three working platforms shown in the right part of the picture 42 in an area below the support frame 4th has been lowered while the working platforms shown in the left part of the picture 42 are not lowered.

The lifting device 2 has four linkages 44 on. The linkage 44 are for attaching a girder beam 46 a railway bridge 48 to the support frame 4th set up ( 3 ). Such a linkage 44 has two side members 50 and a cross member 52 . The cross member 52 is set up to have a support for lifting the track beam girder 46 to build. The side members 50 are set up for this purpose, the cross member 52 with the support frame 4th connect to. With the side members 50 In the present case, it is threaded rods that are attached to the support frame 4th provided through openings are inserted through and screwed to the support frame. The cross members 52 are also at the end with the side members 50 screwed.

The support frame 4th has two end segments 54 and 56 on. The support frame 4th is with the end segments 54 , 56 on the chassis 8th , 10 assembled. The support frame 4th also has a middle segment 58 that is between the end segments 54 , 56 is arranged. The middle segment 58 is interchangeable and, in the present case, detachable with the end segments 56 , 54 screwed. In this way the load lifting device 2 to the length of a girder to be lifted 46 be adjusted.

2A shows a railway bridge 48 , which is intended to span a coal bunker for storing lignite. The railway bridge 48 has a track 12th . The track 12th has no threshold. The track 12th has rails 22nd . The rails 22nd lie on track beam girders 46 on. The track beam girders 46 for their part lie on concrete beams 60 or supports 60 on. On the concrete beams 60 are support structures 62 formed on which the track beam girders 46 rest on the end. The track beam girders 46 lie in the area of the support structures 62 on elastomeric cushions 64 on.

The method according to the invention is described below with reference to FIG 3 described in more detail.

First the load lifting device 2 in the area of the girder to be lifted 46 the railway bridge 48 positioned. The lifting device 2 is positioned so that the support frame 4th the girder to be lifted 46 overstretched ( 3A) . The next step is the wing nut 28 the locking device 26th on each of the two bogies 8th , 10 solved so that the support frame 4th opposite the bogies 8th , 10 is vertically decoupled. By releasing the locking device 26th is therefore made possible that the support frame 4th using the hydraulic device 6th from the bogies 8th , 10 can be withdrawn. Next are those on the girder to be lifted 46 overlying rails 22nd separated or cut up to allow a separate lifting of the girder to be lifted 46 to enable.

In the next step, the working platforms 42 hydraulically lowered ( 3B) . The support frame 4th has removable floor panels 66 on that can be lifted so that the track beam girder 46 and the rails on top 22nd in an easy way for maintenance personnel 68 are accessible.

The hydraulic rams 16 be on the rails 22nd lowered to the support frame on the rail heads 20th of the rails 22nd to support ( 3C , 3D ).

The next step is the linkage 44 mounted to the track beam girder 46 with the support frame 4th connect to ( 3E) . The girder to be lifted 46 is therefore using the linkage 44 to the support frame 4th posted.

The track beam girder 46 can now use the hydraulic device 6th of the support structures 62 be lifted off to the elastomeric cushion 64 for the maintenance staff 68 to make accessible ( 3F) . The elastomer cushions 64 can now by the maintenance staff 68 be replaced. Finally, the track beam girder 46 again with the hydraulic device 46 on the newly installed elastomeric cushions 64 of the support structures 62 lowered. The linkage 44 are carried out by the maintenance staff 68 removed and the work platforms 42 are raised hydraulically. Finally the track 12th repaired, ie the rails 22nd are reconnected and new small iron to attach the rails 22nd is assembled.

Hydraulic raising and lowering of the support frame 4th can be done manually or with a computer.

List of reference symbols

2

Lifting device

4th

Support frame

6th

Hydraulic device

8th

first chassis / bogie

10

second chassis / bogie

12th

track

14th

frame

16

Hydraulic ram

18th

admission

20th

Rail head

22nd

rail

24

Hydraulic cylinder

26th

Locking device

28

Wing nut

30th

mandrel

32

Sleeve

34

first linear guide element

36

second linear guide element

38

lower guide section

40

Bowl

42

Working platforms

44

Linkage

46

Track beam girder / load

48

Railway bridge

50

Side member

52

Cross member

54

End segment

56

End segment

58

Middle segment

60

Concrete beams / columns

62

Support structure

64

Elastomeric cushions

66

Floor panels

68

Maintenance personnel

Claims (10)

Load lifting device, - With a support frame (4) for attaching a load (46), - with a hydraulic device (6), - With a first chassis (8) and - with a second chassis (10), - wherein the support frame (4) is mounted on the chassis (8, 10) and - The hydraulic device (6) is set up to support the support frame (4) on a track (12) and to lift it off the chassis (8, 10). Lifting device according to Claim 1 - wherein the hydraulic device (6) has one or more hydraulic rams (16), in particular four hydraulic rams (16), - at least one of the hydraulic rams (16), in particular each of the hydraulic rams (16), has a receptacle (18) and - wherein the receptacle (18) is set up to encompass a rail head (20) of a rail (22) at least in sections. Lifting device according to Claim 2 - wherein the receptacle (18) is a U-profile and / or - wherein at least four hydraulic rams (16) are provided and wherein a first pair of hydraulic rams are connected by means of a first cross strut and a second pair of hydraulic rams are connected to a second cross strut. Load lifting device according to one of the preceding claims, - With a locking device (26) which is set up to fix the support frame (4) on the chassis (8, 10) or to release it for lifting off. Load lifting device according to one of the preceding claims, - with a first linear guide element (34) which is assigned to the first chassis (8) and - with a second linear guide element (36) which is assigned to the second chassis (10), - wherein the linear guide elements (34, 36) are set up to allow a relative movement of the chassis (8, 10) transversely to the support frame (4) when lifting or lowering counteract the support frame (4) positively. Load lifting device according to one of the preceding claims, - with one or more working platforms (42), in particular six working platforms (42), - The working platforms (42) being attached to the support frame (4) so as to be lowerable. Load lifting device according to one of the preceding claims, - with at least one linkage (44), - wherein the linkage (44) is set up for attaching a track beam carrier (46) of a railway bridge (48) to the support frame (4), - wherein the linkage (46) has in particular at least two longitudinal members (50) and one cross member (52), - wherein the cross member is set up to form a support for lifting the track beam carrier (46) and - The longitudinal beams (50) being set up to connect the transverse beam (52) to the support frame (4). Load lifting device according to one of the preceding claims, - wherein the support frame (4) has two end segments (54, 56) with which the support frame (4) is mounted on the chassis (8, 10), - wherein the support frame (4) has a central segment (58) which is arranged between the end segments (54, 56) of the support frame (4), - The middle segment (58) being exchangeable and / or adjustable in length. Procedures for maintaining a railway bridge, - wherein the railway bridge (48) has a plurality of track beam girders (46), each of which rests at the end on support structures (62) and the following process steps are carried out: a) Positioning a load lifting device (2), which is designed according to one of the preceding claims, in the area of a track beam carrier (46) to be lifted in such a way that the support frame (4) spans the track beam carrier (46) to be lifted; b) supporting the support frame (4) on the track (12) with the aid of the hydraulic device (6); c) releasing, in particular separating, a rail section (22) carried by the track beam girder (46) to be lifted from the track (12); d) attaching the track beam girder (46) to be lifted to the support frame 4; e) lifting the track beam girder (46) to be lifted from the support structures (62) by lifting the support frame (4) from the chassis (8, 10) with the aid of the hydraulic device (6); f) Maintenance of the support structures (62). Procedure according to Claim 9 - the railway bridge (48) spanning a coal bunker and the track beam girders (46) resting on one or more elastomer cushions (64) in the area of the support structures (62), process step f) comprising the following process step: - Exchange of the elastomer cushions (64) .

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