DE102014006955A1 - Processing plant and grinding unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a processing system (1) for workpieces (P), such as panels made of wood, plastic, metal and the like, which has a receiving frame (13), a conveyor belt (15) for conveying said workpieces (P) to be processed, and comprises at least one grinding unit (U) of said workpiece (P) to be machined, said system (1) being characterized in that said at least one grinding unit (U) is arranged within said receiving frame (13), and in that said Grinding unit (U) at least one grinding group (3), detection means (4) of the position on said conveyor belt (15) and the shape of the profile of said workpiece (P) to be machined, actuator means (5) for conveying said at least one grinding group ( 3) to said workpiece (P) to be machined, and a logic control unit connected to said detection means (4) and actuator means (5), said logic K control unit detects the position and shape of the profile of the workpiece (P) to be machined by said detection means (4), and said at least one grinding group (3) by said actuator means (5) for grinding said workpiece (P) to be machined arranges. The present invention also relates to a grinding unit (U).

Description

The present invention relates to a processing plant and a grinding unit.

More particularly, the invention relates to a system and a grinding unit, in particular for the processing of plates made of wood or other materials, such. As metal, plastic and the like, was designed and built.

The following describes grinding of wood, and more particularly window profiles, but obviously the description is not limited to this specific application.

Known, the grinding is one of the typical steps in woodworking.

For example, in the manufacture of window profiles, especially for the domestic market, the window profiles are subjected to a grinding step after being processed before they are painted.

Today, there are a wide range of woodworking equipment in the trade, equipped with a grinding station.

A known from the prior art embodiment of a plant equipped with a grinding station comprises a receiving frame with an inlet opening for the workpiece to be machined, and an outlet opening of the machined workpiece.

In said receiving frame are a conveyor belt on which slides the workpiece to be machined, as well as various, equipped with appropriate woodworking tools stations provided. At the inlet opening, one or more grinding groups are provided, which form the grinding station, and which are arranged movably on a guide lying transversely to the conveying direction of the workpiece to be machined. Thus, such abrasive groups are able to adapt to the position of the workpiece to be machined.

The grinding station is located upstream of the other processing stations of the plant. Such a system has several disadvantages. In particular, the grinding groups are arranged outside the receiving frame, so that the operator, by means of appropriate electrical circuit on a dedicated control panel, with which the machine is equipped, can correctly position them to the workpiece to be machined. It will be readily understood that such a design is very detrimental to the safety of the plant because the processing groups are out of the containment frame for efficiency and because of the processing speed. In fact, whenever the dimensions of the workpiece to be machined change, the system must be stopped so that the operator can change the position of the grinding group.

In addition, it is extremely difficult to convert such systems. In other words: such systems are technically very "rigid".

For the above reasons, therefore, an object of the present invention is to propose a system with a grinding unit that can operate automatically.

Another object of the invention is that the above-mentioned grinding unit can be installed in or removed from a processing plant.

Specific object of the present invention is therefore a system for machining workpieces, such. B. plates of wood, plastic, metal and the like, comprising a receiving frame, a conveyor belt for conveying the said workpieces to be machined, and at least one grinding unit of said workpiece to be machined, said system being characterized in that said at least one Abrasive unit is disposed within said receiving frame, and in that said grinding unit comprises at least one grinding group, means for detecting the position on said conveyor belt and the shape of the profile of said workpiece to be machined, actuator means for conveying said at least one grinding group to said at least one machining workpiece, and a logic control unit connected to said detection means and said actuator means, said logic control unit detecting the position and shape of the profile of the workpiece to be machined by said detection means; d arranging said at least one grinding group by said actuator means for grinding said workpiece to be machined.

Also in accordance with the invention, said grinding unit may comprise a support frame with an upper crossbar substantially aligned transversely to the conveying direction of the workpiece to be processed on the conveyor belt, and said grinding group may be horizontal along said upper crossbar, and perpendicularly through said upper crossbar said actuator means move, and comprises a grinding device having a rotating, vibratory grinding tool.

Still according to the invention, said supporting frame can have two vertical supports, the top one coupled to said upper crossbar, and comprising a guide disposed along said upper crossbeam, said abrasive group including a body slidably coupled along said guide and a support slidably coupled to said body, which are perpendicular to and wherein said grinding means may comprise a seat housing a motor adapted to carry said rotating grinding tool and a guard of said rotating grinding tool, and wherein said grinding means is so oscillated with said support in that it rotates to an axis substantially parallel to the conveying direction of said workpiece to be machined.

In addition, according to the invention, such actuator means for each abrasive group may comprise a first ball screw disposed on said upper crossbar, and a corresponding first motor, preferably a brushless and / or a stepper motor, for conveying said abrasive group along said upper crossbeam, and a second recirculating ball screw disposed perpendicularly on a respective support and substantially perpendicular to said conveyor belt and a corresponding second motor, preferably a brushless and / or a stepper motor, and a third motor or actuator capable of said grinder to turn to a corresponding support.

In addition, according to the invention, such detection means may be of the optical type.

Advantageously, according to the invention, such detecting means may comprise at least a first photocell fixedly mounted on said conveyor belt or support frame and capable of detecting the position of said workpiece to be processed on the conveyor belt and comprising a second vertically movable photocell. which is capable of detecting the profile of said workpiece to be machined.

In addition, according to the invention, each grinding unit may comprise two grinding groups arranged substantially on opposite sides of said conveyor belt.

In addition, according to the invention said plant may comprise a plurality of grinding units, preferably two, arranged in cascade to each other with respect to the conveying direction of the workpiece to be processed on said conveyor belt and containing corresponding counter-rotating grinding tools.

Further, according to the invention said plant may comprise an inlet opening of the workpiece to be machined and a detection bar connected to and operated by said logic control unit to detect the plan dimensions of said workpiece to be machined.

Another object of the present invention is a grinding unit for grinding workpieces, such. As plates of wood, plastic, metal or the like, the at least one grinding group, means for detecting the position on the surface on which said workpiece to be machined, and the shape of the side profile of said workpiece to be machined, actuator means for conveying the said at least one grinding group to the workpiece to be machined, and a logical control unit which is connected to said detecting means and said actuator means, said logical control unit detects the position and shape of the profile of the workpiece to be machined by said detecting means and the said grinding group by the said actuator means for grinding the said workpiece to be machined arranges.

In addition, according to the invention said unit may comprise a support frame having an upper transverse beam directed substantially transverse to the direction of conveyance of the workpiece to be machined, two vertical supports coupled at the top to said upper transverse beam, and a guide extending along the said upper crossbar, said abrasive group comprising a body slidably coupled along said guide, a support slidably coupled to said body support which can move perpendicular thereto, and wherein said one grinder means a seat in which a rotary motor, preferably provided with serrated brushes, driven by said motor, said oscillating means being further adapted to swing to said support so as to be machined substantially parallel to a conveying direction of said support end of workpiece lying axis rotates.

In addition, according to the invention said detecting means may be of the optical type and comprise a first photocell fixed to said support frame adapted to detect the position of said workpiece to be machined, and a second photocell located along one of the surface, on which said workpiece to be machined is moving in the vertical direction and which is adapted to determine the profile of said workpiece to be machined.

The present invention will now be described by way of illustration, but not limitation, in accordance with the preferred embodiments thereof, and in particular with reference to the figures of the accompanying drawings. Show it:

1 a perspective view of a processing plant according to the present invention;

2 a perspective view of an open attachment to 1 ;

3 a side view of an open plant behind 1 ;

4 a perspective view of a grinding unit according to the present invention;

5 an exploded view of the grinding unit according to 4 ;

6 a front view of the grinding unit according to 4 ;

7 a bottom view of the grinding unit according to 4 ;

8th a side view of the grinding unit according to 4 ;

9 a perspective view of a section of the grinding unit according to 4 ;

10 an operating configuration of the grinding unit according to 4 ;

11 another operating configuration of the grinding unit according to 4 ;

12 an open processing facility; and

13 the machining of a workpiece by a grinding group according to the invention.

In the various figures, similar parts are identified with the same reference numbers.

Regarding 1 - 3 becomes a processing plant of wooden elements 1 shown in accordance with the present invention.

The processing plant 1 has an inlet opening 11 the workpieces to be machined and an outlet opening 12 of the machined workpieces.

The said plant 1 includes a mounting frame 13 , a base disposed within said frame 14 , and a conveyor belt 15 on the floor 14 is attached and by a suitable engine 16 is operated.

The attachment 1 also includes a detection bar 19 the plan view of the workpiece to be machined, which is provided with a plurality of small, vertically oscillating levers that scan the workpiece, capture its plan dimensions and the information to one on the same rod 19 arranged sensor sends, which sends a signal to the processing unit of the plant.

The said plant 1 inside two grinding units U, which are cascade to each other at the inlet opening 11 are arranged, but also equally at the said outlet opening 12 or in an intermediate position of the plant 1 can be arranged.

Each of said grinding units U comprises mainly, also with reference to FIGS 4 - 11 according to the present embodiment, a support frame 2 , two abrasive groups 3 , Detection means 4 the position of the workpiece to be machined and actuator means 5 for handling said abrasive groups 3 ,

The said support frame 2 consists of two vertical columns 21 ' and 21 '' on opposite sides of the conveyor belt 15 are arranged, and from an upper crossbar 23 along which a guide 23 is fixed, the operation of which is described in more detail below. The said upper transom 22 is above the conveyor belt 15 and arranged transversely to the conveying direction of the workpiece to be machined along said conveyor belt.

Each of the said grinding groups 3 includes a body 31 slidably coupled along said guide so as to extend along said upper crossbar 22 can move, by means of said actuator means 5 for each grinding group 3 a first recirculating ball screw 51 lying on the said upper transom 22 is arranged, and a corresponding first brushless or stepper motor 52 include, in the present embodiment, on the supports 21 ' or 21 '' the corresponding grinding unit U are installed.

The said grinding group 3 also includes a support 32 with two arms. The said support 32 is sliding on the said body 31 coupled so that it is able to move (along the axis z) to the same vertically, also in this case by means of said actuator means 5 which also applies to each grinding group 3 everyone Abrasive unit U from a second ball screw 53 , in this case, perpendicular and parallel to a support 21 ' or 21 '' (ie perpendicular to said conveyor belt 15 ) and a corresponding second brushless or stepping motor 54 consist.

The said grinding group 3 also includes a grinder 33 who have a seat 34 in which a motor is housed, and a rotating grinding tool 35 equipped with serrated brushes, driven by the said motor and protection 36 is protected.

The said grinding device 33 is so swinging to said arms of said prop 32 arranged to rotate to the axis R parallel to the axis x, by the action of a suitable third motor or actuator not shown in the figures.

The said grinding group 3 when it is at rest, is parallel to a corresponding support 21 ' or 21 '' arranged, so on one side of the conveyor belt 15 , If the said grinding group 3 On the other hand, in operational position, she is able to move along said leadership 21 ie along the said crossbeam 22 to move, taking as described above and in particular with reference to 6 , to the axis R, and moves perpendicular and parallel to the axis z, in accordance with the relative movement of said support 32 to said body 31 and by means of said actuator means 5 ,

The detection means 4 , which are in the considered design of optical grade, include for each abrasive group 3 a pair of photocells, and in particular a first fixed photocell 41 ie fixed to the said conveyor belt 15 installed, which is capable of the position of the workpiece to be machined on the conveyor belt 15 to capture, as will be explained in more detail below, and a second vertically movable photocell 42 (ie along the axis z), which is able to detect the naturally variable profile of the workpiece P to be machined.

The attachment 1 also comprises a central control unit, not shown in the figures, to which said photocells 41 and 42 every grinding device 33 are connected.

Every grinding unit 1 comes with adequate cable trays 61 and pipes for receiving the chips 62 finished.

In the rest of the room within the generically V marked support frame 2 Further tools or processing groups are housed, which have not been shown in the preceding figures for the sake of simplicity. 12 shows for the sake of completeness, a full view of an open processing plant 1 , which includes various processing units, in total with 17 and within the said frame of admission 13 , downstream of said two grinding units U.

The said grinding system also includes a control panel 18 for the operator.

Preferably, the rotation of the brush or the rotating tools 35 the grinding groups 3 The different grinding units U are best counter-rotating so that an optimal grinding of the surface of the workpiece to be machined is achieved.

It is also contemplated that the grinding units U may be modular, ie that the grinding equipment 1 may be equipped with one or more grinding unit U, which in any case within the receiving frame 13 would be arranged.

The above-mentioned processing plant 1 is operated as follows.

Also in terms of 13 when a workpiece to be machined, such. B. a complete window profile or a window sash, in the inlet opening 11 occurs, it is ground by said grinding units and then via the said conveyor belt 15 in the plant 1 promoted, and further from the various processing units 17 processed.

When said workpiece P enters said installation, said detection rod determines 19 its location on the conveyor belt 15 , Subsequently, the said workpiece P is located at each grinding unit U. The fixed photocell 41 detected by transmission / reception of an optical beam, preferably a laser, the removal of the base of the workpiece to be machined. Thus, the logical control unit can use the rotating tool 35 with an appropriate distance to the two longitudinal stops of the wing or generally the workpiece P to be machined, depending on their length and their orientation to the conveyor belt 15 , position. This step is dynamically, ie constantly, carried out in such a way that one constantly determines the position of the two lateral stops of the workpiece to be machined P, and thus the transverse position of the said rotating tools 35 supervised. The photocell 42 on the other hand, it is constantly moved vertically (ie along the axis z) in such a way that it detects the shape of the side profile (ie the flank) of the workpiece P to be machined.

As I said, those of the said photocells 41 and 42 sent information to said central control unit sent to each grinding group 3 , and in particular both brushless and stepper motors 52 and 54 controls by turning the recirculating ball screws 51 and 53 rotate said grinder appropriately to the workpiece P to be machined, along the axes y and z; and also the motor which pivots said grinder 33 allowed, and thus the rotating grinding tool 35 in order to achieve optimum grinding of the lateral surface of the workpiece P.

In particular, the timed entry of the rotating tools or brush becomes 35 controlled on the wing or workpiece P such that the last distance of the movement (a distance corresponding to the extent of the stop) is delayed precisely at the moment in which the edge of the wing P the center line of the brush 35 reached.

The vertical position and the inclination of the brush 35 are controlled by the software interface installed in the control unit. The information of each grinding group corresponding to these two parameters for each brush (left or right) must be entered independently.

The fast control for the maintenance operations leads the two brushes 35 of the two grinding groups 3 (in the direction of the axis y) to the two ends of the Hubquerstrecke, with the axis zb parallel to z.

• – Neigung α der Bürste zum zu bearbeitenden Werkstück;
• – Arbeitstiefe der Bürste p;
• – Arbeitsentfernung zur Fläche h.

From the interface of the plant 1 (ie the controller 18 ), the values can be assigned to the following parameters:

• - inclination α of the brush to the workpiece to be machined;
• - working depth of the brush p;
• - working distance to the surface h.

There are also two modes of operation, a hand mode and an automatic mode.

When operating in automatic mode, the rotating tool or the brush is aimed 35 automatically across y, through the photocells 41 and 42 sent signal. The positioning is calculated on the basis of the above-mentioned parameters, which are entered by the operator in particular as p and h.

When operating in manual mode, the inclination of the brush is fixed and defined by the parameter α, but the brush is automatically transversely y by that of the photocells 41 and 42 positioned signal is positioned. The positioning is calculated on the basis of the above-mentioned parameters, which are entered by the operator in particular as α, p and h.

The said photocells 41 and 42 only monitor the compatibility of the inserted workpieces with the position of the brush 35 ,

An advantage of the grinding apparatus according to the present invention is that it has a compact structure so that it can be mounted in an installation in any position, unlike the prior art groups mounted outside the grinding machines or in specific ones Machinery for machining profiles of beams and windows are mounted.

Another advantage of the present invention is that the machinable materials of different varieties, such. As wood, raw or painted material, plastic, ferrous and non-ferrous metals may be.

The present invention has been described by way of illustration, not limitation, in accordance with preferred embodiments thereof, but it is to be understood that departures and / or alterations may be made by the skilled person without departing from the scope of protection as defined by the appended claims ,

Claims (12)

Processing plant ( 1 ) of workpieces (P), such as plates of wood, plastics, metal and the like, comprising a receiving frame ( 13 ), a conveyor belt ( 15 ) for conveying said workpieces (P) to be machined, and at least one grinding unit (U) of said work piece (P) to be machined, said apparatus being characterized in that said at least one grinding unit (U) is disposed within said receiving frame (15). 13 ), and in that said grinding unit (U) comprises at least one grinding group ( 3 ), Means for detecting the position on said conveyor belt ( 15 ) and the shape of the profile of said workpiece to be machined, actuator means ( 5 ) for conveying said at least one grinding group ( 3 ) to said at least one workpiece (P) to be machined, and one to said detection means ( 4 ) and said actuator means ( 5 ), said logic control unit determining the position and shape of the profile of the workpiece (P) to be machined by said detecting means (12). 4 ) and the said at least one grinding group ( 3 ) by the said Actuator means ( 5 ) for grinding said workpiece to be machined (P). Processing plant ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that said grinding unit (U) comprises a supporting frame ( 22 ) with an upper transversely aligned to the conveying direction of the workpiece to be machined (P) along the conveyor belt transversely ( 22 ) and that said abrasive group ( 3 ) horizontally along said upper crossbeam ( 22 ) and perpendicularly through said actuator means ( 5 ) and a grinder ( 33 ) with a rotating, oscillatory grinding tool ( 35 ). Processing plant ( 1 ) according to claim 2, characterized in that said supporting frame ( 2 ) two vertical supports ( 21 ' . 21 '' ) located at the top of said upper crossbar ( 22 ) and a guided tour ( 23 ), which along the said upper crossbar ( 22 ) is arranged, that said grinding group ( 3 ) sliding along said guide ( 23 ) coupled body ( 31 ), one slidingly on said body ( 31 ) coupled support ( 32 ), which moves perpendicular to this, and that said grinding device ( 33 ) a seat ( 34 in which a motor is accommodated, which is adapted to the said rotary grinding tool ( 35 ) and a protection ( 36 ) of said rotating grinding tool ( 35 ), said grinding device ( 33 ) to said support so as to rotate about an axis (R) substantially parallel to the direction of conveyance of said work piece (P) to be machined. Processing plant ( 1 ) according to claim 3, characterized in that said actuator means ( 5 ) for each grinding group ( 3 ), a first, on said upper crossbar ( 22 ) recirculating ball screw ( 51 ), and a corresponding first motor ( 52 ), preferably a brushless and / or stepper motor, for conveying said grinding group ( 3 ) along said upper crossbeam ( 22 ), a second ball screw ( 53 ) perpendicular to a corresponding support ( 21 ' . 21 '' ) and substantially perpendicular to said conveyor belt conveyor belt ( 15 ), and a corresponding second motor ( 54 ), preferably a brushless and / or stepping motor, and a third motor or actuator capable of operating said grinding device ( 33 ) to a corresponding support ( 21 ' . 21 '' ) to turn. Processing plant ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said detection means ( 4 ) of the optical variety. Processing plant ( 1 ) according to claim 5, characterized in that said detection means ( 4 ) at least one first photocell ( 41 ) fixedly attached to said conveyor belt ( 15 ) or said support frame ( 2 ) and is adapted to the position of the said workpiece to be machined (P) on the conveyor belt ( 15 ), and a second, vertically movable photocell ( 42 ) capable of detecting the profile of said workpiece (P) to be machined. Processing plant ( 1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each grinding unit (U) comprises two grinding groups substantially on opposite sides of said conveyor belt (U). 15 ) are arranged. Processing plant ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of grinding units (U), preferably two, which are cascade-shaped relative to each other to the conveying direction of the workpiece to be machined (P) on said conveyor belt ( 15 ) and corresponding counter-rotating grinding tools ( 35 ) exhibit. Processing plant ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has an inlet opening ( 11 ) of the workpiece to be machined (P), and a detection rod ( 19 ) connected to and operated by said logic control unit to detect the plan dimensions of said workpiece (P) to be machined. Grinding unit (U) for grinding workpieces (P), such as plates made of wood, plastic, metal and the like, which have at least one grinding group ( 3 ), Detection means ( 4 ) the position on the surface on which the said workpiece to be machined (P) lies, and the shape of the side profile of said workpiece (P) to be machined, actuator means ( 5 ) for conveying said at least one grinding group ( 3 ) to said workpiece (P) to be machined, and one to said detection means ( 4 ) and said actuator means ( 5 ), said logic control unit determining the position and shape of the profile of the workpiece (P) to be machined by said detecting means (12). 4 ), and the said grinding group ( 3 ) by the said Actuator means ( 5 ) for grinding said workpiece to be machined (P). Grinding unit (U) according to claim 10, characterized in that it comprises a supporting frame ( 2 ) with an upper crossbeam ( 22 ), which is aligned substantially transversely to the conveying direction of the workpiece to be machined (P), two vertical supports coupled at the top with said upper transverse bar (FIG. 21 ' . 22 '' ), and a guided tour ( 23 ), which along the said upper crossbar ( 22 ) is arranged, that said grinding group ( 3 ) sliding along said guide ( 23 ) coupled body ( 31 ), and a sliding to said body ( 31 ) coupled support ( 32 ), which can move perpendicular thereto, and that said one grinding device ( 33 ) a seat ( 34 ), in which a motor is housed, and a rotating, preferably provided with serrated grinding brush, driven by said motor grinding tool ( 35 ), said grinding device ( 33 ) to said support ( 32 ) can swing so as to rotate to an axis (R) substantially parallel to a conveying direction of said workpiece to be machined. Grinding unit (U) according to one of Claims 10 or 11, characterized in that the said detection means (U) 4 ) of the optical variety and a first, to said support frame ( 2 ) fixed photocell ( 41 ) which is adapted to detect the position of said workpiece (P) to be machined, and a second photocell ( 42 ) moving along a direction perpendicular to the surface on which said workpiece (P) to be machined is moving and adapted to determine the profile of said workpiece (P) to be machined.

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