DE102011001132A1 - Method for laying a floor covering and supporting device - Google Patents

Abstract

In the case of a method for laying a floor covering consisting of several surface elements at a distance from a substrate, wherein support elements are arranged at a distance from one another on the substrate and then the surface elements are laid on the support elements, each support element (3) has a batch of material that can be plastically deformed in the processing state ( 6) on which a spacer element (17) is placed, the surface element on the support element (3) being aligned relative to the substrate (5) before the material billet (6) hardens. The spacer element (17) is a deformable structure, the shape of which is adapted to the hardenable material batches (6) and to an overlying surface element or an overlaying support element. A support element is arranged and aligned on several support elements (3) and the surface elements are laid on the support elements. A support device for supporting a floor covering consisting of a plurality of surface elements at a distance from a substrate with support elements arranged at a distance from one another, on which the surface elements are arranged, each support element (3) having a material material (6) which is plastically deformable in the processing state and a spacer element (6) which can be placed thereon. 17).

Description

The invention relates to a method for laying a flooring consisting of several surface elements at a distance from a substrate, wherein spaced support elements are arranged on the ground and then the surface elements are laid on the support elements.

If a floor covering of surface elements such as tiles made of ceramic or natural stone or wood flooring is laid in an outdoor area, the individual surface elements are usually laid on a substructure at a distance to a ground to ensure under or ventilation of the surface elements and simultaneously allow a predetermined orientation of the individual surface elements or the flooring formed from the plurality of surface elements.

From practice, it is known that, for example, ceramic or made of natural stone floor panels can be arranged or displaced on mutually spaced support elements. As support elements, for example, so-called pedestal bearings made of plastic are known, which can be arranged in each case in the region of the joint crosses and serve as a support for a plurality of adjoining floor panels. The pedestal can be designed to be height adjustable. Most pedestal bearings have a mostly flat support surface on a top side facing the individual surface elements. It has been found that in the area of the support surface precipitation water or moisture rising from the subsurface can accumulate, which in the case of moisture-sensitive surface elements can lead to undesired staining or permanent damage to the individual floor panels by water. In addition, the floor panels used often have significant differences in thickness within acceptable tolerances. If two or more floor panels with a different panel thickness are arranged adjacent to one another on a planar support, the unequal panel thicknesses can not be compensated, so that sometimes considerable unevenness in a surface of the floor covering is unavoidable.

It is also known from practice that individual mortar bales or mortar bundles filled in polyethylene bags are arranged at a distance from one another on the substrate and form the supporting elements for base plates arranged thereon. Such supporting elements, which consist of a plastically deformable in the processing state mortar material, the usually occurring different plate thicknesses can be compensated relatively easily. In the area of the bearing surfaces of the floor slabs on the mortar bales or on the filled in a plastic bag mortar bales are penetrated by the joints penetrating rainfall and rising from the ground moisture and retained. Between the plastic film of the bags and the bottom plates, condensate films can form in the support area of the floor plates, in particular when the temperature changes. Then arise in the area of the bearing surfaces moisture stains, permanent discoloration and especially in strongly fluctuating and falling below freezing temperatures and permanent damage to the flooring.

In a floor covering formed from wooden floorboards or other flat wood elements, a substructure is usually arranged on the substrate from spaced apart and parallel aligned wooden slats. The individual wooden slats form supporting elements on which the wooden floorboards or other surface elements made of wood are laid. In outdoor areas, the floor covering made of wood should have a predetermined slope to allow drainage and drainage of the floor covering. The battening must be aligned for this purpose to compensate for the unevenness of the substrate, as they are unavoidable, for example, in the case of overlapping membrane seals with water-impermeable sealing foils.

From practice it is known that the individual wooden slats of the battens are aligned with numerous small wooden tiles or wooden wedges, which are placed at suitable locations spaced from each other under the wooden slats. The arrangement and orientation of the individual wooden slats, which serve as support elements for the laid thereon wooden planks or other surface elements made of wood, is relatively labor-intensive. In addition, a wooden Unterlattung for the installation of a wooden floor in the outdoor area is only partially suitable because of the surface penetrating or rising from the ground moisture absorbed by the individual wooden slats and transported into the laid thereon wooden floorboards, which are kept moist for long periods of time. Shading frequently or over extended periods of increased humidity can become swollen or rotten, which can lead to permanent damage to the wooden floor.

It is regarded as an object of the present invention to provide a method for laying a flooring consisting of several surface elements flooring of the type mentioned in such a way that for different floor coverings as simple as possible installation and individual Alignment of the individual surface elements is made possible while preventing the surface elements are exposed to excessive damage or damage from moisture.

This object is achieved in that each support member each having a plastically deformable in the processing state curable material batches on which a spacer element is placed and that the surface element is aligned on the support element relative to the substrate before the material cakes hardens. The placed on the material batches, preferably hollow space-rich and provided with many Auflagerpunkten spacer prevents direct capillary contact between the individual surface elements and the plastically deformable in the processing state material batches. The material batches can for example consist of a suitable, preferably water and frost resistant mortar material, which is plastically deformable during processing and cured in a reasonable amount of time. By a suitable shaping and choice of material for the spacer element can be achieved that by the spacer element from the surface of the flooring here penetrating surface water or rising above the substrate and in particular on the mortar bales moisture does not accumulate permanently on the surface elements and surface elements of an absorbent material can penetrate into the surface elements. The spacer elements expediently form a capillary-breaking cover of the material batches and promote rapid removal of precipitates and subsequent rapid drying of the surface elements. The material batches can therefore also consist of a low-cost material that would absorb water or transport it by capillary forces. The spacers reliably prevent transported over the material bundles in the direction of the flooring moisture transported to the floor covering and can damage this.

Even if the individual material batches are arranged on a substrate which is moist or damp for a relatively long period of time, excessive or longer-lasting penetration of the surface elements in the region of the support surface on the support elements or the spacer elements can be avoided. It does not matter whether the surface elements are floor tiles made of ceramic or natural stone, or wood planks or wooden grates.

In particular, when laying a floor covering with surface elements made of wood such as wood flooring can be made possible by the use of the support devices according to the invention a particularly simple and rapid alignment of the individual surface elements on the plastically deformable in the processing state Materialbatzen.

According to one advantageous in particular for the laying of a wooden floor embodiment of the method according to the invention it is provided that a support element is arranged and aligned on a plurality of support elements, and that the surface elements are laid on the support elements. As support elements, for example, the wood slats known as wooden slatted wood slats can be used. Each wooden slat is placed on a plurality of spaced apart pieces of material. Since the material batches are plastically deformable in the processing state, each wooden slat can be easily aligned, so that a flat support surface for the wooden floorboards or surface elements can be formed and in addition a slope can be specified to promote drainage and drainage of the floor covering. If the support elements are aligned, it is only necessary to wait until the individual material batches have hardened sufficiently to subsequently lay the individual surface elements on the support elements. A tedious supporting and relining of the support elements, as it is known and common in the laying of wooden floors, is not required. By using the capillary-breaking and water-removing spacers a simple and cost-effective installation of a wooden floor in an outdoor area is made possible without on the individual support elements deterioration or damage to the wooden floor is favored by penetrating or rising moisture.

An embodiment of the inventive idea as a result, it is provided that the spacer element is a deformable structure whose shape is adapted to the hardening material batches and to an overlying surface element or support element. In contrast to rigid and hard surface supports in plastic plates or plastic caps allows a deformable structure such as a plastic mesh or a plastic mesh a simple adaptation of the spacer element, for example, different thickness floor panels or bumps of wooden floorboards or support elements. It is also conceivable that the spacer has two spaced levels, between which numerous cavities are arranged.

As a further embodiment of the spacer element, it would also be possible that the spacer element consists essentially of a perforated or plastic film provided with small openings with conical formations. The material of the Materialbatzens can penetrate something by the material batzen facing perforation or due to openings penetratable underside of the plastic film and causes after curing an additional locking of the spacer element on the material batches. At the same time, the cone-shaped formations ensure a capillary-breaking barrier and a sufficient distance between the floor covering and the material bundle, so that a reliable dehumidification and water drainage is ensured.

The invention also relates to a supporting device for supporting a floor covering consisting of several surface elements at a distance from a substrate with support elements spaced apart from one another on which the surface elements are arranged. According to the invention, it is provided that each support element has a plastically deformable hardenable material batches in the processing state and a spacer element which can be placed thereon. The spacer element is advantageously designed capillary breaking and wasserabführend. The patch on the material support element prevents moisture and can accumulate on or in the surface elements resting on it.

It is preferably provided that the support device has a plurality of support elements, each resting on a plurality of support elements and on which the surface elements can be laid. Suitable support elements may be, for example, wooden slats, which serve as a Unterlattung for laid on wooden planks. The orientation of the support elements is greatly facilitated by the material batches, which are plastically deformable in the processing state and therefore, therefore, allow alignment by successive impressions of the support elements.

In order to enable a simple and rapid adaptation of the spacer elements to, for example, different thickness floor panels or non-uniform support elements is provided that the spacer element is an easily deformable structure of a non-water-absorbing material. The spacer may for example be a rectangular or square plate made of an elastic, water-repellent plastic material.

It is also conceivable that the spacer element is a grid, a net or a profiled plate or foil element made of a plastic material that is adaptable in terms of shaping.

The spacing element can likewise be a piece of a dimpled sheet adapted to the dimensions of the material batches, as is already known in connection with the laying of a floor covering. The dimpled sheet has, starting from a bottom plane, upwardly projecting formations which form bearing points or bearing surfaces spaced from one another for the bottom plates resting thereon. In order to improve a water-removing effect of the dimpled sheet, the dimpled sheet may have a perforation or drainage openings spaced apart from one another and arranged in the base plate relative to the individual protruding formations.

It is preferably provided that the spacer element is covered on a side facing the curable material bales with a support layer impermeable to the curable material. By the support layer can be prevented that after placing or placing the spacer element on the plastically deformable in the processing state material batzen the still flowable material penetrates into openings, recesses or depressions of the spacer and thereby reduces the moisture and wasserabführende effect of the spacer element or could ruin , If the spacer element has recesses and formations on a surface facing the base layer, which are covered by the base layer, air-filled cavities can be formed after the spacer element has been placed on the material particles in these recesses and formations, which promotes dry or dehumidifying attachment of the surface elements that form the flooring on top.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the inventive concept it is provided that the support layer is a nonwoven. In particular, a glass mat has advantageous properties as a support layer. Since the support layer essentially has the task of preventing the material which is plastically deformable in the processing state from being displaced when the laying elements are placed on the spacer elements or the support elements to be pressed into a profiled support surface of the spacer element, it is also advantageous if the support layer is gradually dissolved or decomposed after curing of the Materialbatzens by environmental influences.

Embodiments of the inventive concept will be explained in more detail, which are illustrated in the drawing. It shows:

1 a sectional view through a plurality of floor panels existing floor covering, which are arranged at a distance from each other Support elements is arranged at a distance to a substrate,

2 a plan view of a spacer which can be placed on a piece of material and together with a Materialbatzen lying on one of the in 1 forms supporting elements shown,

3 a sectional view of the in 2 Pictured spacer element along the line III-III in 2 .

4 3 a sectional view of a floor covering consisting of a plurality of wooden floorboards, the wooden floorboards resting on a slatted base, which in turn rests on support elements spaced apart from one another,

5 a plan view of a differently designed spacer element, which in the in 4 is used exemplarily illustrated support elements,

6 a sectional view of the in 5 shown spacer element along the line VI-VI in 5 .

7 a sectional view through a mounted on a substrate support element, wherein the support member has a spacer element, which consists of a profiled plastic film whose a hardenable material batzen facing bottom is covered with a non-woven backing layer,

8th a deviating ausgestaltetes support member whose spacer element consists of a plastic grid, the underside of which is covered with a non-woven material consisting of a support layer and on top of which a wooden slat rests, and

9 an exemplary representation of a support member, resting on the two adjacent floor panels, which have a significantly different thickness.

In 1 is schematically one of several adjacently laid floor panels 1 formed flooring 2 pictured on one of several support elements 3 existing support device 4 at a distance to a ground 5 is arranged and stored. Each support element 3 in the illustrated embodiment, each in a transition region between two adjacent floor panels 1 is arranged, has a plastically deformable in the processing state, consisting of a hardenable material material 6 on. In most applications, the material batzen 6 consist of a water and frost resistant mortar.

On the material batches 6 is still before a complete curing of Materialbatzens 6 a spacer element 7 placed. The spacer element shown in this embodiment 7 is in the 2 and 3 shown in an enlarged view.

The spacer element 7 has a plate-shaped profiled plastic film 8th on, which consists of an elastically deformable plastic material and at the same time has a sufficiently high dimensional stability, so that spaced-apart conical formations 9 are sufficiently stable to pressure at a usual or expected use and pressure load of the floor covering 2 Maintaining their design essentially.

On a bottom 10 the profiled plastic film 8th is a base course 11 permanently with the profiled plastic film 8th connected. The base course 11 consists of a fleece or glass fleece and covers the individual conical formations 9 , so that in the conical formations 9 Cavities are formed, in which no hardenable before pouring mortar material of Materialbatzens 6 can penetrate.

After the spacer elements 7 on the still plastically deformable material batches 6 The individual floor tiles can be placed on top of each other 1 on the support elements 3 or on the spacer elements 7 be laid on-line. Any unevenness of the ground 5 or different thicknesses of the individual floor panels 1 and in particular of adjacent floor panels 1 can be compensated during the curing process in a simple manner characterized in that the individual floor panels 1 different firm on the support elements 3 pressed or in the still plastically deformable material batches 6 be pressed.

Due to the upwardly projecting conical formations 9 the spacer elements 7 Ensures that the individual floor tiles 1 not directly on the material batches 6 rest. The spacer elements 7 ensure a rapid drying of the floor slabs 1 after precipitation or after ambient humidification of the floor slabs 1 , In addition, by the spacer elements 7 prevents it from getting through the underground 5 rising moisture through the material batches 6 through into the bottom plates 1 ascend and moisten them.

In addition, it can be provided that the substrate 5 from a waterproof cover sheet 12 it covers the ground 5 protects against moisture and through joints 13 between the floor plates 1 collects penetrating surface water and drains to lower lying floor drains. Even if in the cover 12 Make cool and accumulate in the coolers over a longer period of water, so that individual material batches 6 permanently moistened by surrounding standing water, prevent the spacer elements 7 reliably a rising of moisture over the material batches 6 to the floor plates 1 , The one from the bottom plates 1 formed flooring 2 Remains permanently dry, causing moisture-related damage or damage to the flooring 2 can be avoided.

At the in 4 Exemplary embodiment illustrated is the floor covering 2 from side by side laid wooden floorboards 14 formed on a battens 15 are laid. The battens 15 is made of spaced wooden slats 16 educated. Every wooden staff 16 is on several support elements 3 arranged, in turn, from a material batches 6 consist of a plastically deformable in the processing state curable material, and one on the material batches 6 attached spacer element 17 consist.

In the embodiment according to 4 used and in the 5 and 6 enlarged spacer shown 17 has a plastic grid 18 on, its underside of a base course 11 is covered by a nonwoven material. The base course 11 prevents after putting the spacer element 17 on the still plastically deformable material batches 6 the still flowable material in the plastic grid 18 penetrates and the plastic grid 18 partially or completely surrounds or embeds. Through the base course 11 will ensure that the spacer element 17 until complete hardening of the Materialbatzens 6 rests on this and can not sink into the deformable material.

Before the still deformable material batches in the processing state 6 fully hardens, becomes the wooden lath 16 on the associated support elements 3 or the spacer elements resting on their upper side 17 hung up. As the individual mortar bales 6 can still be plastically deformed, the wooden lath 16 be aligned in the desired manner by more or less strong impressions. In this way, unevenness of the ground can be achieved quickly and without much effort 5 be balanced or a predetermined inclination of the wooden slats 16 or by the wooden slats 16 formed Unterlattung 15 be specified. A tedious and time-consuming relining the Unterlattung 15 a wooden floor with numerous wooden wedges or shims is eliminated. In addition, the capillary-breaking and water- and moisture-dissipating spacer elements 17 ensures that the wooden slats 16 and especially those on wooden slats 16 laid wooden planks 14 can dry quickly after rain or moistening and moisture damage to the flooring 2 be avoided.

At the in 7 exemplified support element 3 becomes the material batzen 6 completely from one in the 1 to 3 already shown plate-shaped spacer element 7 covered, which is a plastic film 8th having a profiled surface, the underside thereof 10 with a base course 11 is covered. The spacer element 7 may be before a complete hardening of the Materialbatzens 6 suitably tilted slightly or in terms of its distance to the ground 5 to be changed. Individual recesses 19 , or openings or small perforations, between the upwardly projecting formations 9 are arranged, favor a wasserabführende and dehumidifying effect of the spacer element 7 ,

At the in 8th exemplified support element 3 this will be on the material batzen 6 attached spacer element 17 from a flexible plastic grid 18 formed, the bottom of which is a support layer 11 is covered by a nonwoven material. In a middle area, the spacer element 17 from a lying wooden slat 16 in the material batches 6 pressed. The side next to the wooden slat 16 projecting edge regions of the spacer element 17 are angled upwards. From above penetrating moisture, which is initially in an area below the wooden lath 16 collects, penetrates through the plastic grid 18 and the base layer 11 through and gets quickly off the wooden slat 16 which is therefore not permanently moistened and can dry out again.

At the in 9 Exemplary embodiment shown are two adjacent floor panels 1 on one too in the 8th shown support element 3 on. The two floor plates 1 have a different thickness. By different firm pressing or impressions of the two floor panels 1 can be achieved in a simple way that the two floor panels 1 on a top 20 are aligned flush and through the support element 3 a different high support of the two floor panels 1 opposite the ground 5 he follows.

Claims (9)

Method for laying a flooring consisting of several surface elements at a distance from a substrate, wherein spaced support elements arranged on the ground and then the surface elements are laid on the support elements, characterized in that each support element ( 3 ) each one in the processing state plastically deformable curable material batches ( 6 ), on which a spacer element ( 7 . 17 ) is placed, and that the surface element on the support element ( 3 ) relative to the ground ( 5 ) is aligned before the material ( 6 ) hardens. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacer element ( 7 . 17 ) is a deformable structure whose shape on the curable material ( 6 ) and adapted to an overlying surface element or to an overlying support element. Method according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that on several support elements ( 3 ) a support element is arranged and aligned, and that the surface elements are laid on the support elements. Supporting device for supporting a floor covering consisting of several surface elements at a distance from a substrate with spaced-apart support elements on which the surface elements are arranged, characterized in that each support element ( 3 ) a plastically deformable in the processing state curable material batches ( 6 ) and a spacer element (FIG. 7 . 17 ) having. Support device according to claim 4, characterized in that the supporting device ( 4 ) has a plurality of support elements, each on a plurality of support elements ( 3 ) and on which the surface elements can be laid. Support device according to claim 4 or claim 5, characterized in that the spacer element ( 7 . 17 ) is in each case a deformable structure made of a non-water-absorbing material. Support device according to claim 6, characterized in that the spacer element ( 7 . 17 ) is a grid or a profiled plate element made of a plastic material. Support device according to one of the preceding claims 4-7, characterized in that the spacer element ( 7 . 17 ) on a curable material bundle ( 6 ) side with a curable material impermeable backing layer ( 11 ) is covered. Support device according to claim 8, characterized in that the support layer ( 11 ) is a nonwoven.

Images