EP3215688B1 - Substructure plate for repairing floor surfaces - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a sub-panel according to the preamble of claim 1.

A Unterbauplatte is from the DE 810 314 B known. It has on its underside a plurality of cavities, which may be configured as polygonal troughs or as even or odd running grooves. The walls delimiting the cavities should be so stable that they can not collapse under the loads imposed on the ground.

From the EP 1 038 661 A1 , which is considered as the closest prior art, a sub-panel according to the preamble of claim 1 is known. It has in a lower layer as channels designated, intersecting grooves in its bottom. It is considered advantageous that this sub-base plate, which is also referred to as a foil, is only 4 mm thick overall and can be rolled up, and that a moisture and vapor barrier layer is provided above the lower layer.

Similarly, the underside of a sub-base plate is designed, from the EP 2 636 817 A2 is known. The intersecting Grooves create a variety of feet, with which the sub-base plate stands on a substrate. In their multi-layered construction, a moisture-resistant film is provided above the feet.

From the EP 1 621 696 A2 For example, a sub-base is known which is made of foam and whose surface is fused to reduce the water absorption of the sub-base. The sub-base plate can therefore also be used in areas where moisture or run-off water accumulates.

Also from the EP 0 102 408 A1 is an insulating member in the form of a sub-base known, which consists of a foam material and having drainage depressions on its underside. These are on the outside of the base plate liquid permeable shielded with a filter fleece.

From the WO 2010/082 697 A1 is known a sub-base plate having two layers bonded together. The lower layer has a plurality of downwardly projecting nubs.

In the construction industry, substructures are known from practice in different design: For example, the laying of wood fiber boards is common for the renovation of floors in older houses, which are placed for example on old plank floors. The wood fiber boards represent substructure boards in the sense of the present proposal, wherein then usually the new floor covering, for example in the form of carpet or the like, is applied to the wood fiber boards.

Furthermore, from the practice of substructure plates in the form of molded pieces of foam materials known, for example, consist of foamed polystyrene and serve to accommodate a bathtub or a shower tray. These sub-panels have a specially shaped, adapted to the shape of the bath or shower tray top.

From practice, it is also known in the renovation of balconies, terraces and similar exposed to the weather surface areas to apply liquid waterproofing by brushing, rolling or spraying on an existing surface. On the liquid seal then the new flooring is laid. The subfloor must fulfill basic criteria so that the liquid seal can have its intended properties and develop the desired sealing effect. These basic criteria include a certain maximum permissible moisture content of the substrate. For example, a moisture limit may be a moisture content of 5% in the upper 2 cm of the subsurface. Different liquid seals may require different moisture limits.

The problem may be in the mentioned redevelopment of exposed to the weather surface areas, the fact that the specified by the manufacturer of the liquid seal maximum moisture of the substrate is exceeded. This problem can either lead to the required work delay significantly until the substrate is sufficiently dried, but even if the liquid seal has already been applied and in this way the desired barrier effect against rising moisture can already be ensured, moisture in the ground nevertheless lead to problems. This is the case, for example, when the substrate becomes damp due to precipitation or similar weather events and the envisaged limit humidity is exceeded. In fact, in such cases, uncontrolled blistering may occur below the seal as moisture from the substrate causes vapor pressure bubble formation. The uncontrolled formation of bubbles below the seal can cause the Sealing is detached from the substrate and that these bubbles also lead to corresponding Aufwerfungen or humps in the Nutzbelag, which has been laid above the liquid seal. By the vapor pressure bubbles below the seal, which lead to a detachment of the seal from the substrate, the bond of adhesion of the seal is reduced to the ground. From this, in turn, there is a risk of mechanical damage to the seal, for example by friction against the ground, so that ultimately the tightness of the seal can be affected, so that due to moisture due to rainfall by such leaks in an undesirably large extent can penetrate into the ground and, especially if this moisture expands in frost, can lead to massive damage to the substrate or adjacent components.

The invention has for its object to provide a sub-panel, which is a suitable substrate for a liquid seal.

This object is achieved by a sub-panel according to claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are described in the subclaims.

The invention makes it possible that the new floor covering does not need to be installed on the old ground or a liquid seal applied to it during the renovation of floor surfaces, but rather on the proposed substructure board.

If a liquid seal is provided, this does not have to be applied to the original existing substrate, but rather can be applied to the proposed proposed underlay plate. This ensures, as a first advantage, that during the renovation work an optimally dry surface is provided, to which the liquid seal can be applied, namely in the form of the sub-base plate. Moisture, which may still be present in the subsurface underneath, thus poses no problem for the processing of the liquid seal. The fact that the sub-panel is designed to be moisture-resistant as suggested also ensures that the sub-base itself does not suffer any damage due to possibly still in the Background of existing moisture can take.

Apart from this advantage during the implementation of the renovation work is ensured by the proposed design underlay plate for the subsequent time that the floor covering or any existing liquid seal is protected from rising moisture in the form of vapor, so that, for example, the liquid seal optimally their sealing function can fulfill. On the underside of the base plate namely air ducts are provided in the form of grooves, so that steam that may arise from the moisture present in the ground, can be easily removed through these grooves. Below the liquid seal, therefore, no vapor pressure can build up, which can lead to the formation of vapor pressure bubbles and thus to the disadvantages described above.

Characterized in that, according to the proposal provided on the underside of the sub-panels, a plurality of grooves which intersect, steam, which is formed below a sub-base plate, distribute under the entire plate. In addition, laying a plurality of panels abutting one another at their respective edges creates the possibility of the grooves of adjacent panels joining one another so that the steam can be easily routed from the grooves of a first to those of a second adjacent sub-panels. The steam can thus be diverted to a kind of vent point, allowing the buildup of undesirable vapor pressure can be reliably excluded below the sub-panels.

According to the proposal, it is also provided that at least one edge, the grooves do not abut exclusively on this edge at an angle, but rather that along this edge a groove extends, so that the groove bounds the underside of the sub-panel. The length of this so-called edge groove is dimensioned such that it corresponds at least to the distance between two adjacent, angled meeting on this edge grooves. In this way, it is ensured that when connecting an adjacent similar sub-base plate, the grooves of both plates are operatively connected to each other, so that a propagation of the vapor from one to the next plate is made possible by the grooves or a reduction of vapor pressure through this connection of the grooves is possible.

According to the proposal finally provided that parallel grooves are arranged at different distances from each other. By these different distances, the security is increased that the grooves of two adjacent, similar sub-panels are in operative connection with each other, even if the plates are not aligned exactly aligned with each other, but are offset from each other, for example, laid in a composite.

In this case, the grooves can advantageously be arranged so that their distances from one another follow a specific spacing pattern: a specific distance is referred to as a basic measure, to which extent other distance indications then refer.

The mentioned distance pattern provides first five distances, each with a half basic size before, then two distances with the respective whole basic size, then a distance with again half the basic size and finally again a distance with a whole basic size.

The spacing pattern can be used both in the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction of the substructure board.

Depending on which dimension is selected as the basic size and which dimensions the baseplate has, this described sequence of distances can advantageously be repeated once more or even several times, so that the spacing pattern can be used several times in the arrangement of the grooves.

Advantageously, first of all, starting from an edge of the sub-base plate, three equal distances, each amounting to a basic dimension, may be provided. This can be achieved, for example, by removing a first groove from the edge of the sub-panel to this basic dimension and joining it with two further grooves each at the same distance, or by providing a total of four grooves, the first of which directly adjoins the edge of the Substructure plate runs and the already mentioned above edge groove, in which case the other three grooves in each case the distance of a basic dimension to run. This is followed by a distance of half a basic size to the next groove, and then a whole basic size.

At another edge, an atypical distance, namely less than half a basic measure up to this edge or up to one at that edge, can follow the above-described spacing orders, which respectively provide distances of half or a whole basic dimension between two grooves Edge extending groove amounts. It can be provided in particular that between the described spacing orders and this last, near-edge atypical distance still intermediate distances are provided, each amounting to a half or a whole basic size.

It can advantageously be provided that the sub-base plate is designed to be heat-insulating, so that, for example, at a Balcony renovation or in a loggia for thermal insulation of a building can contribute.

Advantageously, the sub-base plate may comprise a layer of a foam material, so that it can serve, for example, as a thermal barrier coating of the sub-base plate. On the other hand, the upper side of the sub-base plate may, for example, consist of a closed material in order to allow the most economical use of a liquid seal to be applied thereto, if such a liquid seal is provided in the construction of the new floor.

The mentioned foam layer may advantageously be formed by a rigid foam, so that the base plate is correspondingly pressure-resistant and prevents deflections that could otherwise possibly lead to damage to the resting on the base plate flooring.

Advantageously, the top of the sub-base plate can be configured with a defined roughness, which serves as a bonding agent, which, depending on the structure of the new soil, can improve the adhesion of the liquid seal on the sub-panel or a bonding of the flooring with the sub-panel.

Advantageously, at least two of the edges of the sub-panel can be configured such that they provide a bond with an adjacent, similar sub-panel.

For example, a groove profiling or a spring profiling may be provided so that two similar sub-panels can be laid with a tongue-and-groove connection. In this way, a vertical offset of two adjacent sub-panels is reliably excluded, so that an optimal substructure for the liquid seal and the flooring to be applied thereto can be created by a plurality of interconnected sub-panels. In addition causes the tongue and groove connection in the manner of a labyrinth seal improved protection against the spread of moisture in the vertical direction.

As an alternative to the tongue-and-groove design, a similar but limited effect can be achieved both in terms of height adjustment and the sealing effect of adjacent substructure plates in that the corresponding plate edges permit overlapping of the adjacent substructure plates. For example, the cooperating edges may each have a fold, that is, an L-shaped profile cross-section, so that they overlap each other or under. In particular, with sub-panels with a small layer thickness tongue-and-groove alternatives can ensure good mechanical stability and resilience of the base plate also at the edges.

Since in an embodiment with Plattenfalzen or similar tongue and groove alternatives, the edge of a sub-base, which rests on top of the complementary edge of the adjacent sub-base plate is not secured against lifting forces, can advantageously be a bonding or mechanical in laying the sub-panels Connection in the form of brackets, nails or the like may be provided, by means of which it can be ensured that two adjacent sub-panels connect at the same height to each other, which also supports the aforementioned sealing effect and the formation of unwanted gaps is avoided.

If a tongue-and-groove design is mentioned below, this is exemplary and representative of these alternative edge profiles.

Depending on the possibly desired thermal insulation and the structural conditions, the layer thickness of the base plate may be selected so that, for example, sub-panels of 40 to 120 mm layer thickness can be used. In particular, in the renovation of existing buildings, the lowest possible layer thickness of the base plate may be advantageous to facilitate the connection to adjacent parts of the building and to enable as level as possible, for example, in the renovation of a balcony, a terrace or the like, to an adjacent room of the building followed. For this reason, the base plate may advantageously have a plate thickness between 20 and 30 mm, so be configured comparatively flat. In particular, the plate thickness can advantageously be in the range of 20 to 22 mm. Even if the sub-base plate should not be used outdoors but within a building, in such a flat configuration advantageous.

Advantageously, the sub-panel can be designed to be impervious to water, so that regardless of whether the flooring is water-permeable or not and whether the possibly applied liquid seal is damaged or not, the sub-base itself can develop an additional sealing effect, especially if adjacent sub-panels as mentioned with a tongue and groove connection are laid.

In addition, it can be advantageously provided that the sub-panel is not only impermeable to water, but also for water vapor, so that it is designed so that it is water vapor diffusion tight. In this way, moisture rising from the substrate, which may be in the form of water vapor, is prevented from rising to the liquid seal. The embodiment which is impermeable to water vapor diffusion can be effected, for example, in that the sub-base plate consists of a material which is permeable to water vapor diffusion or has a diffusion barrier layer, for example of a metal such as aluminum or of a closed-cell foam material.

When building the soil may be provided, for example, to lay proposed substructures on a substrate, even if this is not dried and has a residual moisture content of more than 5%, or if this is basically loaded with moisture, for example because he without moisture barrier contact with has the soil.

On the upper side of the surface formed from the sub-panels, a liquid seal is applied according to a first method variant. In this case, the expert from the practice certain quantities are known to be used per square meter and the z. B. be specified by the manufacturer of the liquid seal. In a first operation can be provided to distribute 2/3 of this intended amount on the surface. In the still moist liquid seal a stabilizing or reinforcing layer is incorporated, for. As a nonwoven, which is pressed by a roller in the liquid seal and so impregnated with the material of the liquid seal. Then we spread the remaining third of the liquid seal on the surface and pushed out any air bubbles from this seal, so that now the stabilization or reinforcing layer is embedded in the liquid seal.

According to a second variant of the method, the floor covering is laid directly on top of the surface formed from the sub-panels, z. B. glued.

As a floor covering can be laid on the proposed substructure boards in a conventional manner tiles, mastic asphalt, carpet, artificial turf or wood elements, with z. B. tiles and wood elements can be installed in a conventional manner on stilts to create drainage channels below the floor covering and to provide an additional way to adjust the height and leveling of the floor covering. A floor covering can also be created by a flowable applied coating, the z. B. Contains plastic or mastic asphalt and may have embedded particles for reasons of decoration or slip resistance. The flooring to be arranged on the proposed substructure boards may have one or more layers, wherein the top - so possibly the only - layer is referred to as a wear layer.

Fig. 1

eine perspektivische Ansicht auf die Unterbauplatte von ihrer Unterseite her,

Fig. 2

einen Ausschnitt von Fig. 1 in demgegenüber größerem Maßstab, und

Fig. 3

eine Draufsicht auf die Unterseite der Unterbauplatte.

An embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the purely schematic representations. It shows

Fig. 1

a perspective view of the sub-base plate from its underside,

Fig. 2

a section of Fig. 1 in contrast, larger scale, and

Fig. 3

a plan view of the underside of the base plate.

In the drawings, 1 designates a total of a sub-panel, which is rectangular in shape and has four edges 2, 3, 4 and 5. The two edges 2 and 4 are referred to as longitudinal edges and the two edges 3 and 5 as narrow edges. In the drawings, a bottom 6 of the base plate 1 is visible. The underside 6 is provided with a plurality of grooves 7, which extend crossing each other, wherein, purely by way of example, the grooves 7 are shown as edge-parallel grooves 7.

Notwithstanding the illustrated embodiment, however, the grooves 7 could also be oblique to the edges 2, 3, 4 and 5, or they could not be rectilinear, but wavy or annular, do so that in any case as a result a network of grooves 7 is created, which a spread of steam, which may occur at any point below a sub-base plate 1, below the entire sub-base plate 1 and allows at the edges 2, 3, 4 and 5.

At the two in Fig. 1 facing the viewer edges 4 and 5, the sub-panel 1 is provided in each case with a spring 8, and thus in the two edges 2 and 3 corresponding grooves are provided so that two similar sub-panels 1 a tongue and groove composite can be created creating.

Fig. 2 illustrates that immediately at the narrow edge 5, the bottom 6 is provided with a groove which is referred to as edge groove 9, and in a similar manner are provided on all four edges 2 to 5 corresponding edge grooves 9. In this way it is ensured that two adjoining identical sub-panels 1 always form a continuous network of grooves 7 and 9 on their undersides 6, so that a vapor pressure can be distributed freely underneath all sub-panels 1.

From the Fig. 1 and 2 It can be seen that the distances of the individual grooves 7 are different from each other. Fig. 3 illustrates the pattern, according to which the grooves 7 are arranged: along the longitudinal edge 2, three equal sections are provided, which are each marked with large M, because they each represent a repeating pattern of Nutanordnungen. Each pattern M initially has six grooves 7, between which five equal distances are provided, which have half of a distance measure referred to as a basic dimension to each other. This is followed by two distances, each of a basic size to the two grooves 7 in question, then again half a basic size and finally again a whole basic size. This spacing pattern forming the pattern M repeats along the edge 2 three times and is provided once along the two narrow sides 3 and 5.

Starting from one end of the sub-base plate 1, such a spacing pattern arrangement M is not directly provided, but initially three whole basic dimensions, then half a basic size and finally a whole basic measure of distances provided between adjacent grooves 7, for example, starting from the narrow edge 5, before then the three spacing patterns M are provided in the longitudinal direction of the sub-base plate 1. In the transverse direction of the plate results in the same spacing pattern, namely first three basic dimensions, then half a basic size and then a whole basic measure, starting from the longitudinal edge 2 before then the longitudinal grooves are arranged with the distances according to the distance pattern M.

At the respective opposite end, that is to say towards the two edges 3 and 4, in each case a half basic dimension follows, in each case a distance dimension M, from this last complete groove 7 to the respective edge groove 9 at the respective edge 3 or 4 , which is smaller than half a standard size.

By the described distribution of the grooves 7 on the underside 6 of the base plate 1 is ensured even without the creation of edge grooves 9 that always ensures a connection between the grooves 7 of one of the grooves 7 of the other base plate 1 with any arrangement of two adjacent sub-panels 1 is, so that a vapor pressure can relax below the entire surface of the sub-panels 1.

Claims (14)

1. Underlay board (1), having a polygonal horizontal section, an underside (6) designed for laying on an under-surface, a topside designed to receive a floor covering and a number of narrow edges (2, 3, 4, 5) arranged all the way around it, where the underlay board (1) is designed to be damp-proof, the underside (6) is provided with a large number of grooves (7) that cross over one another, and along at least one edge (2, 3, 4, 5) a groove described as an edge groove (9) delimits the underside (6) and extends over a length that corresponds to at least the space between two adjacent grooves (7) that meet this edge angularly, characterised in that grooves (7) running parallel to one other are set at different spaces apart.
2. Underlay board in accordance with claim 1, characterised in that the spaces between any two grooves (7) running parallel to each another are provided for in the following order so as to form a spacing pattern (M):

   • five equal spaces that each make up half a space designated as basic dimension,

   • two basic dimensions,

   • half a basic dimension,

   • a basic dimension.
3. Underlay board in accordance with claim 2, characterised in that the described spacing pattern (M) repeats itself one or more times according to the size of the underlay board (1).
4. Underlay board in accordance with claim 2 or 3, characterised in that, starting from one edge of the underlay board (1), the spaces between any two grooves (7) running parallel to each other are provided for in the following order:

   • three basic dimensions,

   • half a basic dimension,

   • a basic dimension.
5. Underlay board in accordance with any one of claims 2 to 4, characterised in that towards one edge of the underlay board (1) the spaces between any two grooves (7) running parallel to each other are first provided for in the following order:

   • half a basic dimension,

   • a space of less than half a basic dimension up to the edge there or an edge groove (9) running along the edge.
6. Underlay board in accordance with any one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that it is designed to insulate from heat.
7. Underlay board in accordance with claim 6, characterised in that it incorporates a layer of foam material.
8. Underlay board in accordance with claim 7, characterised in that it incorporates a layer of hard foam material.
9. Underlay board in accordance with any one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that the topside is designed with a roughened surface to act as an adhesion aid.
10. Underlay board in accordance with any one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that in at least one edge (2, 3) a groove and on at least one edge (4, 5) a tongue (8) to match such groove are provided for in such a way that two underlay boards (1) of the same kind can be laid with a tongue-and-groove joint.
11. Underlay board in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that in at least one edge a first rebate and on at least one edge a second rebate to match the first are provided for in such a way that two underlay boards (1) of the same kind that over- and underlap each other to form an interlocking joint can be provided for.
12. Underlay board in accordance with any one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that it has a board thickness of between 20 mm and 30 mm.
13. Underlay board in accordance with any one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that it is designed to be water-impermeable.
14. Underlay board in accordance with claim 13, characterised in that it is designed to be water-vapour impermeable.

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