DD288054A7 - MEANS FOR THE SHEETING OF PLANTS U, METHOD FOR ITS PRODUCTION - Google Patents

Abstract

The leaf nourishment of plants contains macro- and micro-elements whereby its liquid phase represents concentrated milk-water. This phase contains 2 to 4% protein hydrolyzate (amino acids). The process for preparing the suspension agent for plant leaf flowering comprises the following technological stages: fermentation of the waste milk, concentration of the lactic acid solution of the fermented milk water by vacuum evaporation, enzyme hydrolysis of the protein component and concentration of the protein hydrolyzate by vacuum evaporation, preparation of the suspension and completion of the final product. In the milk-acid solution of the milk-water, extra-lactic acid also contains calcium, magnesium, riboflavin, ascorbic acid and thiamine, and microelements include iron, boron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum and cobalt in the final product. The means of leaf feeding the plants is widely used in agriculture.

Description

Means for leaf nourishment of plants and methods for its production

The invention relates to an agent for foliar feeding of the plants and to a process for its production which can be used in agriculture.

There is known a plant foliar feeding agent containing dietary micro- and micro-elements in the following amounts: nitrogen-25%; Phosphorus-6%; Potassium 10%; Iron-0.1%; Boron-200mg / kg, manganese-500mg / kg, copper-500mg / kg; Zinc-500mg / kg, molybdenum-5mg / kg and cobalt-5mg / kg (1). The disadvantage of this agent is that its application has no direct effect on the accumulation of protein in the plants and in the grain.

There is known a method and apparatus for making such suspending agents wherein the macro and microelements (salts) mixed with water and other additives are cold-ground in the corresponding mixer (2).

The disadvantage of this process for the preparation of suspending agents for foliar feeding with this salt composition is that when standing in the suspension crystals grow and mainly from well crystallized potassium nitrate, which causes the deterioration of the quality of the suspension. To suppress the crystallization, physiologically non-active substances-fillers and stabilizers-are usually added, but they exert a negative effect on the foliar mass of the plants, especially when the agent is metered in higher concentrations. In order to limit the high degree of crystallization of potassium nitrate, the required amount of potassium is also added by other potassium-containing salts. For this purpose, mainly potassium chloride in amounts up to 30% verv. ends, which causes the presence in the mixture of the very undesirable for the development of plants chlorine ions.

The invention has for its object to provide a foliar feeding agent, which increases the protein yield and content in the plant organs and to develop a process for the preparation of the suspending agent, which has a homogeneous and fine-grained structure.

This object is achieved by a suspending agent containing food macro and microelements whose liquid phase is concentrated milk water containing 2 to 4% protein hydrolyzate (amino acids). After cooling the mixture thus produced, a homogeneous, fine-grained suspension which does not change with time is prepared.

The advantage of the composition according to the invention is that, when applied to leaf nourishment, the protein yield and content in the plants increases; the advantage of the process for its preparation is that by heat treatment, a solvation of the component of the dispersion medium is achieved and after cooling of the resulting mixture microcrystals are generated which are not able to grow while the preparation is staying. Another advantage of the method is that in the hot processes, no high-flow or high-pressure pump work items are used.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the following example:

1. protein hydrolyzate (amino acids) -2%;

2. Milk-acid solution of the milk-water, concentrated three times - 25% The lactic acid solution contains the following components:

- Lactic acid-10%;

- calcium - 0.5% and magnesium - 0.1%;

- Riboflavin - 0.5% and ascorbic acid - 3mg / l;

- thiamine-0.1 mg / l

3. Macroelements: Nitrogen-31.25%; Phosphorus-7.5%; Potassium 15%;

4. microelements: iron-400mg / l, boron-312.5mg / l; Manganese -200mg / l; Copper 187,5mg / l; Zinc 125mg / l; Molybdenum -18.75 mg / l; Cobalt 6,25mg / l.

The process for the preparation of the agent is carried out in a corresponding apparatus, the technological scheme comprising the following stages:

1. Fermentation of waste milk water

2. Concentration of the lactic acid solution of the fermented milk water by vacuum evaporation.

3. Enzyme hydrolysis of the protoline component and concentration of the protein hydrolyzate by vacuum evaporation.

4. Preparation of the suspension and completion of the final product.

In the first stage of the technological process, the milk water fermented in a fermenter at 45 ° C and pH = 5.0-5.2

(complied with by dosing with KOH), where the milk sugar (lactose) In the milk water under the action of Bacillus

Bulgarian transforms into lactic acid, which assimilates into micro-elements easily assimilated by the plants Connections is needed. In the second stage of the technological process, the lactic acid solution of the milk water becomes three times Vacuum evaporator concentrated, wherein the content of lactic acid increases up to about 10%, while the Milk protein content reaches 1 to 2% and the content of other ingredients in the milk water such as vitamins and salts also

increases. The concentrated solution obtained provides the base of the dispersion medium of the suspension to be produced

In the next third stage of the process, protein hydrolyzate will be the ingredients needed to build the agent -

protein-containing fractions (polypeptides, peptides and amino acids) brings. In the reactor apparatus for

Hydrolyzing the protein carrier from Mlkroblal or protein hydrolyzate for 3- to smallgen thickening to Vacuum evaporator is fed and then it is sufficient to obtain the liquid medium of the suspension in amounts

of 3% protein added.

In the fourth technological stage in the reactor with agitator the liquid medium of the agent - concentrated Milk water and protein hydrolyzate, poured in amounts of 20Vol .-%, it is heated to 75-8O ⁰ C and then the addition begins

from the bunker metering device, the salts containing the necessary quantities of microelements: potassium nitrate,

Ammonium phosphate, carbamide, ammonium saltpeter bring. The salts are added in the order shown,

which is due to their solubility until complete dissolution. The smallest solubility shows the potassium nitrate and the highest ammonium nitrate. Thereafter, to the solution are the salts containing the required quantities of iron and microelements such as

Iron sulfate, boric acid, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate, manganese nitrate and cobalt chloride. These salts

are dissolved in advance in concentrated milk water at 75 ⁰ C and then added to the total mass. This is followed by the addition of the starch solution, also dissolved in advance, but in the cold state to the concentrated milk water, in quantities of 2.5-3%

Total mass. The resulting mixture is homogenized for 30 to 40 minutes and subsequently cooled in the cooling section, Supplied screw crystallizer. It is cooled at a temperature of 20-25 ⁰ C, with a homogeneous fine-grained Suspension is made, which is continued for completion. The invention can be better explained by means of the following embodiments: Embodiment 1

The experiments used wheat variety 'Sadovo V', grown in leached alluvial meadowland according to the agricultural technique recommended for the area. The size of the trial cell was 10m ² in three repetitions. The processing of the plants was carried out during two phases of their development: phase of sprout formation and phase of ear-picking. The amount of sprayed solution varied from 400 to a 100 ml / decar.

Implementation Example 2

In the reactor with stirrer (capacity -300I) are poured 251 concentrated (in a vacuum evaporator) fermented suspension and 5I concentrated solution of the protein hydrolyzate, which was generated by enzyme hydrolysis. They are heated with continuous stirring to 70 ° C and then the addition begins in portions of potassium nitrate 48kg (according to the recipe prescription). The nitrate is added for 1 hour. Then, the addition of ammonium phosphate - 21 kg also in portions for 25 to 30min, wherein the temperature of the medium by heating with heating elements up to 75-SO ⁰ C is increased. This is followed by the addition of 50kg of carbamide for 25-30min - a process which lowers the temperature of the system (an ondothermal process as in the case of ammonium nitrate), but the temperature must not fall below 7O ⁰ C. After adding the last portion of carbamide, wait 10 to 15 minutes until the temperature increases to 75-8O ⁰ C and now the addition of ammonium nitrate 32.5 kg begins for 20 to 25 minutes. The mixture thus obtained, containing all the microcomponents, is carried out for 15 to 20 minutes and 41 solutions of the concentrated milk water containing in advance the sake containing the required quantities of iron and microelements: boric acid 0.214 kg; Ammonium molybdate O, 290kg; Zinc nitrate 0,068kg; Manganese nitrate 0,180kg; Cobalt chloride 0,003kg; Copper sulfate-0.083kg and iron sulfate - bring 3,750kg, are dissolved at a temperature 70 to 75 ⁰ C added. The whole mass is stirred, while 15-20min and then 51 of a pre-prepared solution (without heating) of starch in concentrated milk water is added (4.5kg of starch are dissolved in 5 liters of concentrated milk water). The resulting mixture is stirred for 10 to 15 minutes by (With heating), and then starts the supply to the cooling system where the temperature for 10-15 minutes to 20-25 ⁰ C falls. Subsequently, the suspension thus obtained is completed. The invention is further illustrated by the following three tables:

- Table 1 provides data for the yield from the field experiment.

- Table 2 provides information on protein content in wheat and protein yield in the field experiment.

- Table 3 gives data for the absolute mass and hectoliter weight of the seed samples of wheat obtained in the field experiment.

Table 1 wheat yield

(Average of three repetitions)

variants

Average of 10 m ² , in kg

1. Control experiment-sprayed with water

2. Vuxal-400ml / decar, phase of sprout formation

3. Vuxal -400 + 800ml / decar, sprouting phase + earbudding

4. · 400ml / Dekar medium, phased feathering

5. 'Medium - 400 + 800 ml / decar, sprouting phase + earbudding

2,820 3,400 3,450 3,500 3,680

Table 2 Protein content in wheat and protein yield in field conditions

(Average of three repetitions)

Variants according to Table 1

Protein content in% kg protein / decar 13.05 36.8 12.86 43.7 12.82 44.2 13.50 47.2 13.31 48.9

1. control experiment Second Vuxal Third Vuxal 4th medium (Jl medium

Table 3 Absolute mass and hectoliter weight of wheat at field experiment

(Average of three repetitions)

Varieties according to Table 1

Absolute mass Test weight g / 1000 seeds g / dm ³ 45.55 655 46,33 788 45.81 781 46.73 780 46.98 793

1. control experiment Second Vuxal Third Vuxal 4th medium 5th medium

bibliography

1. Vuxal 'suspensions, prospectus of Schering AG, West Berlin

2. Copyright BG No. 39496

Claims (5)

Claims 1. A foliar feeding plant comprising macro- and microelements whose liquid phase is concentrated milk water, characterized in that it additionally contains 2 to 4% protein hydrolyzate (amino acids). 2. A process for the preparation of suspension agent for leaf nourishment of the plants, characterized in that the mineral salts are dissolved in a dispersion medium consisting of a concentrated solution of fermented milk water and protein hydrolyzate, at a temperature of 60 to 85 ⁰ C and then to the dispersion medium Mikroekementenkonzentrat and a starch suspension are added, the solution thus obtained then to the cooling device, which ensures a lowering of the temperature of the stream up to 20-25 ⁰ C for 2 to 15 min, is supplied. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the dispersion medium, the mineral component in the order: potassium nitrate, ammonium phosphate, carbamide, ammonium saltpeter be added. 4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the concentrated solution of the microelements by dissolving in concentrated milk water at a temperature of 70-80 ⁰ C of the salts: boric acid, ammonium molybdate, zinc nitrate, manganese nitrate, cobalt chloride, copper sulfate, iron sulfate, as indicated Order, is produced. 5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the suspension of the starch by dissolution in the cold state of starch in concentrated solution of milk water, in an amount which ensures a 2.5 to 4 -% content in the composition according to the invention, is prepared.