FR2593172A1 - NUTRIENT PLANT SUBSTANCE INTENDED FOR SHEET ADMINISTRATION AND PROCESS FOR PREPARING THE SAME. - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a plant nutrient intended to be administered by the leaves, in the form of a suspension comprising a liquid phase containing macroelements and microelements nutrients, characterized in that the liquid phase comprises small -concentrated milk containing a protein hydrolyzate (amino acids). It also relates to a process for the preparation of this nutrient, which process consists in dissolving hot sources of macro-elements and micro-elements, in a dispersion medium consisting of a concentrated solution of optionally fermented whey and hydrolyzate of proteins, then cooling the resulting mixture.

Description

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  Nutrient material for plants to be administered by

  sheets and process for the preparation of this substance.

  The present invention relates to a plant nutrient for administration by the leaves and a method of preparing the same, the latter being applicable in various

fields of agriculture.

  We already know from the Catalog of the company Schering A.G.

  West Berlin, (1965), a plant nutrient called VUXAL in suspension, to be administered by leaves and containing macroelements and microelements in the following proportions: azte - 25o; phosphorus - 6%; potassium - 10%; iron - 0.1%; boron - 200 mg / kg; molybdenum - 5mg / kg; manganese - 500 mg / kg;

  copper - 500 mg / kg; zinc - 500 mg / kg; and cobalt - 5 mg / kg.

  The disadvantage of this substance lies in the fact that when it is applied, a direct action on the accumulation does not occur.

  proteins in plants and seeds.

  Also known is a method and facilities for the production

  such substances in suspension, where macroelements and micro-

  elements (salts) mixed with water and other additives, are ground cold in a suitable mixer (Author's Certificate

BG 39,496).

  The disadvantage of this process for the preparation of nutrients in suspension for plants, intended to be administered by the leaves and having this salt composition, lies in the fact that during prolonged storage, there is growth in the suspension of crystals, mainly of well-crystallized potassium nitrate, which is the cause of a deterioration in the quality of said suspension. In order to delete

  crystallization, physiological substances are usually added.

  inactive - fillers and stabilizers - which have an adverse effect on leaf mass, especially when the nutrient is dosed at high concentrations. To limit the high degree of crystallization of potassium nitrate, the just needed amount of potassium is added by using other potassium-containing salts such as potassium chloride to form potassium salts.

  amounts up to 30%; but this has the disadvantage of introducing

  in the mixture of chlorine ions which are extremely undesirable

  for the normal evolution of plants.

  The object of the present invention is to provide a plant nutrient to be administered by the leaves, which makes it possible to increase the yield and the protein content in plant organs, as well as a process for the preparation of this substance in the form of a suspension having a homogeneous structure

fine grain.

  This purpose is achieved by a suspended nutrient which contains nutrient macroelements and microelemalts and whose liquid phase comprises a concentrated whey containing a protein hydrolyzate (acids

  amino acids) and preferably 2 to 4% of such a hydrolyzate.

  The process for the preparation of this suspended nutrient consists in dissolving all the components of this substance, while hot, in

  a dispersion medium consisting of a concentrated solution of small

  milk and protein hydrolyzate, and then cooling the mixture thus obtained, which leads to a homogeneous and fine-grained suspension, which

is not impaired in time.

  More preferably, this process consists of hot dissolving the sources of macroelements in said dispersion medium, adding to the resulting dispersion medium the sources of microelements and a solution.

  starch, and then cool the resulting solution.

  The nutritional substance according to the invention has the advantage that by using it to feed plants by the leaves, the yield and the protein content in the plants are increased. As for the process for the preparation of this substance, it is advantageous in that the heat treatment causes the solvation of the components by the dispersion medium and after cooling of the mixture obtained, there is appearance of microcrystals which are not not able to crotch during prolonged storage of the suspension before use. Another advantage of the method lies in the fact that with the thermal process used, the use of large operational elements is avoided.

  number of revolutions or high pressure pumps.

  The invention will be explained in more detail by the example below.

  after concerning the composition of the nutritive substance:

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  1. Protein hydrolyzate (amino acids) - 2%

  2. Lactic acid solution of whey, concentrated three times - 25%.

  In the lactic acid solution are included: lactic acid - 10%; magnesium - 0.1%; calcium - 0.5%; riboflavin - 0.5 mg / l; ascorbic acid - 3 mg / l; thiamine -

0.1 mg / l.

  3. Macroelements: nitrogen - 31.25%; phosphorus - 7.5%; potassium - 15%.

  4. Microelements: iron - 400 mg / l; boron - 312.5 mg / l; manganese -250mg / l; copper - 187.5 mg / l; zinc - 125 mg / l; molybdenum - 18.75 mg / l;

cobalt - 6.25 mg / l.

  The method of preparing the nutrient is carried out in a suitable installation and comprises the following steps: 1. Fermentation of waste whey; 2. Concentration of lactic acid solution of fermented whey, by evaporation under vacuum; 3. Enzymatic hydrolysis of protein components and concentration of protein hydrolyzate by vacuum evaporation;

  4. Preparation of the suspension and preparation of the finished product.

  In the first step of the process, the whey fermented in a fermentor at 45 ° C and pH = 5.0 - 5.2 (maintained by addition of KOH) so that the lactose of the whey is transformed, under action of Bacillus Bulgaricus, in lactic acid necessary to bind the

  microelements into compounds easily assimilated by plants.

  In the second step of the process, the lactic acid solution of the whey is concentrated three times in a vacuum evaporator so that the lactic acid content is increased to 10% and that of the milk protein be increased to 1-2%; the concentration of the other components, mainly the vitamins and salts found in the whey, is increased in the same proportions. The concentrated solution thus obtained constitutes the essential part of

  dispersion medium of the suspension produced.

  The third step of the process leads to obtaining the protein hydrolyzate, containing the necessary protein fractions (polypeptides, peptides and amino acids) as a component of the substance

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  nutritious. In a hydrolysis reactor, a protein carrier of a microbial hydrolyzate or proteins is subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis and the protein hydrolyzate thus obtained is introduced for concentration (3 to 5 times) in a vacuum evaporator. Then, it is added to the liquid medium of the suspension in an amount sufficient to

  have a protein content of 3%.

  The fourth step of the process consists in introducing into a reactor equipped with a stirrer, the liquid medium of the nutritive substance - the concentrated petitlait and the protein hydrolyzate - in an amount representing 20% of its volume, to be heated up to 60 ° C. -85 C, preferably 75-80 C, then to add, from a measuring container, the salts providing the necessary amounts of macroelements such as potassium nitrate, ammonium phosphate, urea and ammonium nitrate. The salts are added in the order indicated which is conditioned by their solubility, the potassium nitrate being the least soluble and the most soluble ammonium nitrate, until their complete dissolution. then, the salts which provide the necessary quantities of iron and microelements, such as iron sulphate, boric acid, copper sulphate, zinc nitrate, are added to the solution,

  ammonium molybdate, manganese nitrate and cobalt chloride.

  These salts are dissolved before heat, especially at 70-80 ° C. and preferably at 75 ° C. in the concentrated whey and the resulting solution is then added to the total mass. It should be noted here that boric acid, ammonium molybdate, zinc nitrate, manganese nitrate, cobalt chloride, copper sulphate and iron sulphate are dissolved in this order in the concentrated milk. Then, the addition of a solution of starch dissolved in cold advance in the concentrated whey is followed by 2.5 to 4% of the total mass. The mixture thus obtained is homogenized for 30 to 40 minutes and then poured to cool in the cooling section of a screw crystallizer. The mixture is cooled to 20 to 25 ° C to obtain a homogeneous suspension with fine grains, from which one

realize the finished product.

  The invention can be further illustrated by the following embodiments also given as examples:

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  Variation 1: During the experiments, a "Sadovo 1" type wheat, 1 grown on an alluvial grassland soil is used according to the agrotechnology recommended for the region. The area of the test plot was m (three trials). The treatment of the plants is carried out during two phases of their evolution, namely the phase of formation of suckers and the phase of rise in ears. The amount of solution sprayed has varied

from 400 to 800 ml / 10 ares.

  Variant 2: Poured into a reactor equipped with an agitator and a

  capacity of 300 1, 25 liters of fermented whey and concentrated in a

  under vacuum, as well as 5 l of a concentrated solution of hydrolyzate of

  protein prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis. It is heated by constantly stirring

  To a temperature of 70 ° C., 48 kg of potassium nitrate are added in portions in one hour. Then, in 30 minutes, in portions, 21 kg of ammonium phosphate are added. The temperature of the medium is high (by heating by means of heating elements) up to 75-80 C. Then we add in

  -30 min, in portions, 50 kg of urea. During this addition, the temperature

  This is an endothermic process, as in the case of ammonium nitrate. However, the temperature should not fall below 70 C. After adding the last portion of urea, it is necessary to wait 10 to 15 minutes for the temperature to rise to 75 to 800C, then add 32.5 kg of nitrate ammonium in 20 - 25 minutes. The mixture thus obtained containing all the macronutrients is stirred for 15 to 20 minutes and 4 liters of concentrated whey solution are added in which it has been dissolved in advance.

  at 70-75 C, the salts supplying the necessary quantities of iron and micro-

  elements, namely: boric acid - 0,214 kg, ammonium molybdate - 0, 290kg, zinc nitrate - 0,068 kg, manganese nitrate - 0,108 kg, chloride of

  cobalt - 0.003 kg, copper sulphate - 0.088 kg and iron sulphate - 3.750 kg.

  The whole mass must be stirred for 15 to 20 minutes and then 5 liters of a starch solution, prepared in advance in the cold, are added to concentrated whey (dissolution of 4.5 kg of starch in 1 of concentrated whey). The mixture thus obtained is stirred for 10 to 15 minutes (the

  heating is stopped) and then it is sent to the cooling system.

  dissement o its temperature is lowered to 20 - 25 C in 2-15 min, for example 10-15 min. Finally, the suspension thus prepared undergoes the operation

  of manufacture in finished product.

  The invention is further illustrated by the following tables: - Table 1 showing data on the yield of experimentation in a field, - Table 2 showing data on the protein content of wheat and protein yield in the field experiment, - Table 3 showing data for absolute mass and weight per liter of wheat seed samples obtained during

experiments in a field.

TABLE 1

WHEAT YIELD

  (average of three trials) No. VARIANTS Average over 10m2 (kg) 1. Control sprayed with water 2,820 2. Vuxal 400 ml / 10 ares, 3,400 phase overflow 3. Vuxal 400 + 800 ml / 10 ares, phase of surgeonnement and of rise in 3450 ears 4. Substance 400 ml / 10 ares, phase of nutritive according to surgeonneme 3,500. 5. Substance 400 + 800 ml / 10 ares, nutrient phase according to surgeonnement and rise in 3,680 the invention epis

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TABLE 2

  PROTEIN CONTENT OF WHEAT AND YIELD

  PROTEINS DURING EXPERIMENTATION IN A FIELD

(average of 3 trials)

TABLE 3

ABSOLUTE MASS AND WEIGHT PER LITER

  WHEAT DURING EXPERIMENTS IN

A FIELD

  (average of 3 trials) No. Variants consistent with Protein Content for Table 1 protein 10 ares (%) (kg) 1. Control 13.05 36.8 2. Vuxal 12.86 43.7 3. Vuxal 12.82 44.2 4. Nutritional substance according to 13.50 47.2 the invention 5. Nutritional substance according to 13.31 48.9 the invention __________ ____________________________________________ _______________________ ___________________________j No. Variants according to the absolute mass Weight per liter Table 1 (g / 1000 seed) g / dm3 1. Control 45,55 655 2. Vuxal 46,33 788 3. Vuxal 45,81 781 4. Nutritional substance according to 46,73,780 the invention 5. Nutritional substance according to 46,98,793 the invention

9 3 1 7 2

Claims (13)

  1. Nutrient for plants to be administered by the leaves, in the form of a suspension comprising a liquid phase containing macroelements and microelements, characterized in that the liquid phase comprises concentrated whey   containing a protein hydrolyzate (amino acids).   2. Nutrient substance according to claim 1, characterized in that   that the concentrated whey contains 2 to 4% of said protein hydrolyzate.   3. Nutrient substance according to claim 1 or 2, characterized   in that the concentrated whey is fermented and concentrated whey.   4. Nutrient substance according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the macroelements comprise nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.   5. Nutrient according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized   in that the microelements include iron, boron, manganese,   copper, zinc, molybdenum and cobalt.   6. Process for the preparation of the nutritive substance according to one of   preceding claims, characterized in that it consists in dissolving,   hot, sources of macroelements and microelements, in a medium   dispersion consisting of a concentrated solution of whey,   fermented and protein hydrolyzate, then to cool the mixture thus obtained.   7. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that it consists of hot dissolving the sources of macroelements in said dispersion medium, to add to the resulting dispersion medium the sources of microelements and a starch solution, and then to cool the resulting solution.   8. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that the   Dissolution of macroelement sources is performed at 60-850C.   9. Method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that   said resulting solution is cooled to 20-251C in 2 to 15 minutes.   10. Method according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that   that sources of macroelements consist of potassium nitrate, ammonium phosphate, urea and ammonium nitrate   and in that they are added in this order to the dispersion medium. 2593 1 72   11. Method according to one of claims 6 to 10, characterized   the sources of microelements are in the form of a concentrate obtained by dissolving in a concentrated whey the following salts and in this order: boric acid, ammonium molybdate, zinc nitrate, manganese nitrate, chloride of cobalt, copper sulphate, iron sulphate.   12. Method according to claim 11, characterized in that said solution is carried out at 70-80 C.   13. Method according to one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that   that the starch solution is produced by cold dissolution of starch in a concentrated solution of whey, in an amount sufficient to   that the final nutrient contains 2.5 to 4% starch.