CZ124092A3 - Process for preparing optically active (2s) or (2r)-endobicyclo-2.2.1-hepan-2-ole - Google Patents
Process for preparing optically active (2s) or (2r)-endobicyclo-2.2.1-hepan-2-oleInfo
- Publication number
- CZ124092A3 CZ124092A3 CS921240A CS124092A CZ124092A3 CZ 124092 A3 CZ124092 A3 CZ 124092A3 CS 921240 A CS921240 A CS 921240A CS 124092 A CS124092 A CS 124092A CZ 124092 A3 CZ124092 A3 CZ 124092A3
- Authority
- CZ
- Czechia
- Prior art keywords
- hepan
- endobicyclo
- ole
- optically active
- preparing optically
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C35/00—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C35/22—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring polycyclic, at least one hydroxy group bound to a condensed ring system
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D239/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings
- C07D239/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D239/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D239/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms directly attached in position 2
- C07D239/10—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
- A61P11/06—Antiasthmatics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
- A61P11/08—Bronchodilators
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C235/00—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms
- C07C235/02—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C235/32—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton containing six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C235/34—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton containing six-membered aromatic rings having the nitrogen atoms of the carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C255/00—Carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C255/01—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C255/32—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton containing at least one six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C255/37—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton containing at least one six-membered aromatic ring the carbon skeleton being further substituted by etherified hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/61—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups
- C07C45/67—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
- C07C45/68—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
- C07C45/70—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms by reaction with functional groups containing oxygen only in singly bound form
- C07C45/71—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms by reaction with functional groups containing oxygen only in singly bound form being hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C47/00—Compounds having —CHO groups
- C07C47/52—Compounds having —CHO groups bound to carbon atoms of six—membered aromatic rings
- C07C47/575—Compounds having —CHO groups bound to carbon atoms of six—membered aromatic rings containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P41/00—Processes using enzymes or microorganisms to separate optical isomers from a racemic mixture
- C12P41/003—Processes using enzymes or microorganisms to separate optical isomers from a racemic mixture by ester formation, lactone formation or the inverse reactions
- C12P41/004—Processes using enzymes or microorganisms to separate optical isomers from a racemic mixture by ester formation, lactone formation or the inverse reactions by esterification of alcohol- or thiol groups in the enantiomers or the inverse reaction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1989/005228 WO1991007501A1 (en) | 1989-11-13 | 1989-11-13 | Enzymatic resolution of endo-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol and derived pharmaceutical agents |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CZ124092A3 true CZ124092A3 (en) | 1995-04-12 |
CZ280006B6 CZ280006B6 (cs) | 1995-09-13 |
Family
ID=22215375
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CS921240A CZ280006B6 (cs) | 1989-11-13 | 1989-11-13 | Způsob přípravy opticky aktivního (2S) nebo (2R)-endobicyklo-2.2.1heptan-2-olu |
CS905609A CZ280011B6 (cs) | 1989-11-13 | 1990-11-13 | Opticky aktivní 5-(3-/(2S) nebo (2R)-exobicyklo /2.2.1/ hept-2-yloxy/-4-methoxyfenyl)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidin-2(1H)-on a způsob jeho přípravy |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CS905609A CZ280011B6 (cs) | 1989-11-13 | 1990-11-13 | Opticky aktivní 5-(3-/(2S) nebo (2R)-exobicyklo /2.2.1/ hept-2-yloxy/-4-methoxyfenyl)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidin-2(1H)-on a způsob jeho přípravy |
Country Status (27)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (2) | EP0801135A1 (cs) |
JP (1) | JPH06104661B2 (cs) |
KR (1) | KR930004654B1 (cs) |
CN (1) | CN1040423C (cs) |
AT (1) | ATE158577T1 (cs) |
AU (3) | AU633157B2 (cs) |
CA (1) | CA2029705C (cs) |
CZ (2) | CZ280006B6 (cs) |
DE (1) | DE69031487T2 (cs) |
DK (1) | DK0428302T3 (cs) |
EG (1) | EG19860A (cs) |
ES (1) | ES2107420T3 (cs) |
FI (1) | FI105106B (cs) |
GR (1) | GR3025196T3 (cs) |
HU (2) | HU220962B1 (cs) |
IE (2) | IE904059A1 (cs) |
IL (5) | IL96261A (cs) |
MY (1) | MY104517A (cs) |
NO (1) | NO304838B1 (cs) |
NZ (1) | NZ236037A (cs) |
PH (1) | PH30255A (cs) |
PL (4) | PL164176B1 (cs) |
PT (1) | PT95855B (cs) |
RU (1) | RU2104306C1 (cs) |
WO (1) | WO1991007501A1 (cs) |
YU (1) | YU48413B (cs) |
ZA (1) | ZA909044B (cs) |
Families Citing this family (28)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1991007501A1 (en) * | 1989-11-13 | 1991-05-30 | Pfizer Inc. | Enzymatic resolution of endo-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol and derived pharmaceutical agents |
US5124455A (en) * | 1990-08-08 | 1992-06-23 | American Home Products Corporation | Oxime-carbamates and oxime-carbonates as bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory agents |
IE71647B1 (en) | 1991-01-28 | 1997-02-26 | Rhone Poulenc Rorer Ltd | Benzamide derivatives |
EP0570593B1 (en) * | 1991-12-06 | 1998-09-09 | Shionogi Seiyaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for producing optically active norborneol |
JP3100984B2 (ja) * | 1992-12-02 | 2000-10-23 | ファイザー・インク. | 選択的pde▲下i▼▲下v▼阻害物質としてのカテコールジエーテル類 |
US5814651A (en) * | 1992-12-02 | 1998-09-29 | Pfizer Inc. | Catechol diethers as selective PDEIV inhibitors |
JP3431204B2 (ja) * | 1993-04-22 | 2003-07-28 | 塩野義製薬株式会社 | ノルボルナン型エステル・ヒドロラーゼ |
CN1041436C (zh) * | 1993-05-07 | 1998-12-30 | 佛山市制药一厂 | 一种稳定冯了性风湿跌打药酒的方法 |
US5482944A (en) * | 1993-07-13 | 1996-01-09 | Pfizer Inc. | Pyrimidones and imidazolinones for treatment of shock |
JPH1142095A (ja) * | 1997-07-25 | 1999-02-16 | Chisso Corp | 新規なオキソジシクロペンタジエンの製造方法 |
KR100479019B1 (ko) * | 1998-05-22 | 2005-08-29 | 씨제이 주식회사 | 캐테콜히드라존유도체,이의제조방법및그를함유한약제학적조성물 |
DE60043318D1 (de) | 1999-08-21 | 2010-01-14 | Nycomed Gmbh | Synergistische kombination von pumafentrine und salmeterol |
KR20040017246A (ko) | 2001-06-29 | 2004-02-26 | 니켄 가가쿠 가부시키가이샤 | 사이클로알케논 유도체 |
ES2194588B1 (es) * | 2001-07-13 | 2004-10-16 | Astur Pharma S.A. | Precursores opticamente puros de paroxetina. |
US7772188B2 (en) | 2003-01-28 | 2010-08-10 | Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Methods and compositions for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders |
KR20050115331A (ko) | 2003-04-01 | 2005-12-07 | 어플라이드 리서치 시스템스 에이알에스 홀딩 엔.브이. | 불임증 포스포디에스터라제의 억제제 |
US8969514B2 (en) | 2007-06-04 | 2015-03-03 | Synergy Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Agonists of guanylate cyclase useful for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, gallstone, obesity and other cardiovascular diseases |
MX354786B (es) | 2007-06-04 | 2018-03-21 | Synergy Pharmaceuticals Inc | Agonistas de guanilato ciclasa utiles para el tratamiento de trastornos gastrointestinales, inflamacion, cancer y otros trastornos. |
CA2726917C (en) | 2008-06-04 | 2018-06-26 | Synergy Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Agonists of guanylate cyclase useful for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, inflammation, cancer and other disorders |
WO2010009319A2 (en) | 2008-07-16 | 2010-01-21 | Synergy Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Agonists of guanylate cyclase useful for the treatment of gastrointestinal, inflammation, cancer and other disorders |
US9616097B2 (en) | 2010-09-15 | 2017-04-11 | Synergy Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Formulations of guanylate cyclase C agonists and methods of use |
US9580471B2 (en) | 2011-03-01 | 2017-02-28 | Synergy Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Process of preparing guanylate cyclase C agonists |
US9545446B2 (en) | 2013-02-25 | 2017-01-17 | Synergy Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Agonists of guanylate cyclase and their uses |
EP2970384A1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-01-20 | Synergy Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Agonists of guanylate cyclase and their uses |
WO2014151200A2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-25 | Synergy Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Compositions useful for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders |
JP6606491B2 (ja) | 2013-06-05 | 2019-11-13 | シナジー ファーマシューティカルズ インコーポレイテッド | グアニル酸シクラーゼcの超高純度アゴニスト、その作成および使用方法 |
JP6694385B2 (ja) | 2013-08-09 | 2020-05-13 | アーデリクス,インコーポレーテッド | リン酸塩輸送阻害のための化合物及び方法 |
WO2020237096A1 (en) | 2019-05-21 | 2020-11-26 | Ardelyx, Inc. | Combination for lowering serum phosphate in a patient |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4261995A (en) * | 1979-08-31 | 1981-04-14 | Syntex (U.S.A.) Inc. | 4-Phenyl-and 5-phenyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine derivatives |
US4732853A (en) * | 1984-11-21 | 1988-03-22 | President And Fellows Of Harvard College | Method of making chiral epoxy alcohols |
HU215433B (hu) * | 1986-04-29 | 2000-05-28 | Pfizer Inc. | Eljárás új 2-oxo-5-fenil-pirimidin-származékok előállítására |
WO1991007501A1 (en) * | 1989-11-13 | 1991-05-30 | Pfizer Inc. | Enzymatic resolution of endo-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol and derived pharmaceutical agents |
-
1989
- 1989-11-13 WO PCT/US1989/005228 patent/WO1991007501A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1989-11-13 RU SU5052372A patent/RU2104306C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-11-13 CZ CS921240A patent/CZ280006B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-11-13 HU HU9802988A patent/HU220962B1/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-11-13 HU HUP9201587A patent/HU215441B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1990
- 1990-11-02 EP EP97103886A patent/EP0801135A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1990-11-02 ES ES90312019T patent/ES2107420T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-11-02 EP EP90312019A patent/EP0428302B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-11-02 DK DK90312019.4T patent/DK0428302T3/da active
- 1990-11-02 AT AT90312019T patent/ATE158577T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-11-02 DE DE69031487T patent/DE69031487T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-11-06 IL IL9626190A patent/IL96261A/en active IP Right Grant
- 1990-11-06 IL IL110564A patent/IL110564A/en active IP Right Grant
- 1990-11-06 IL IL11056890A patent/IL110568A/en active IP Right Grant
- 1990-11-09 CA CA002029705A patent/CA2029705C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-11-11 EG EG67090A patent/EG19860A/xx active
- 1990-11-12 PL PL90287727A patent/PL164176B1/pl unknown
- 1990-11-12 NZ NZ236037A patent/NZ236037A/en unknown
- 1990-11-12 YU YU214290A patent/YU48413B/sh unknown
- 1990-11-12 KR KR1019900018244A patent/KR930004654B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-11-12 MY MYPI90001992A patent/MY104517A/en unknown
- 1990-11-12 CN CN90109076A patent/CN1040423C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-11-12 AU AU66535/90A patent/AU633157B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1990-11-12 PL PL90301764A patent/PL165132B1/pl unknown
- 1990-11-12 ZA ZA909044A patent/ZA909044B/xx unknown
- 1990-11-12 PL PL90292069A patent/PL164202B1/pl unknown
- 1990-11-12 PL PL90292070A patent/PL164457B1/pl unknown
- 1990-11-12 IE IE405990A patent/IE904059A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-11-12 IE IE19980174A patent/IE980174A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-11-12 PT PT95855A patent/PT95855B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-11-13 CZ CS905609A patent/CZ280011B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-11-13 JP JP2306942A patent/JPH06104661B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-05-12 NO NO921876A patent/NO304838B1/no unknown
- 1992-05-12 FI FI922142A patent/FI105106B/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1993
- 1993-01-22 AU AU31979/93A patent/AU645449B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1993-02-09 AU AU32920/93A patent/AU3292093A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1993-10-12 PH PH47065A patent/PH30255A/en unknown
-
1994
- 1994-08-04 IL IL11056894A patent/IL110568A0/xx unknown
- 1994-08-04 IL IL11056494A patent/IL110564A0/xx unknown
-
1997
- 1997-10-29 GR GR970402831T patent/GR3025196T3/el unknown
Also Published As
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CZ124092A3 (en) | Process for preparing optically active (2s) or (2r)-endobicyclo-2.2.1-hepan-2-ole | |
AU5291090A (en) | Process for optical fiber drawing | |
AU7576687A (en) | Apparatus for scanning an optical record carrier | |
GB8827460D0 (en) | Method & apparatus for blowing optical fibre member | |
EP0304805A3 (en) | Optical scanning apparatus for a transparent web of material | |
AU625144B2 (en) | Production method for optical fiber base material | |
GB8822619D0 (en) | Method of & apparatus for breaking optical fiber | |
JPS6469533A (en) | Method and apparatus for manufacturing magnified beam optical fiber taper | |
EP0301791A3 (en) | Light beam control arrangements for optical disc apparatus | |
AU4008589A (en) | Optical beam scanning apparatus | |
AU624484B2 (en) | Furnace and process for optical fiber drawing | |
GB2231679B (en) | Optical beam scanning apparatus | |
AU2574288A (en) | Optical fiber drawing apparatus | |
AU1404488A (en) | Photodetector assembly for a laser scanning apparatus | |
GB8809595D0 (en) | Method & apparatus for making optical fibre member | |
AU7166991A (en) | Process for racemization of optically active arylethanolamines | |
HUT49210A (en) | Optical arrangement for scanning laser beam apparatuses |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
IF00 | In force as of 2000-06-30 in czech republic | ||
MM4A | Patent lapsed due to non-payment of fee |
Effective date: 20051113 |