CS256182B1 - Stepped planetary gearbox - Google Patents

Abstract

The stepped planetary gearbox with sixteen forward gears and eight reverse gears consists of four simple planetary gear sets, four variable friction brakes and five variable friction clutches. The stepped planetary gearbox is designed for agricultural tractors.

Description

The subject of the invention is a stepped planetary gearbox with sixteen forward gears and eight reverse gears. The gears are shifted by friction shifting elements consisting of four brakes and five clutches. The gearbox is designed for agricultural tractors.

The object of the invention solves the problem of achieving a high torque range, with a fine gradation of the gear ratios achieved at the individual gears and with a minimum number of planetary gears.

Speed gearbox, designed for tractors polno'hospodárske has hitherto ¹ with most manufacturers build as gear of a shaft with pilot torque multiplier, which is being built either on the basis of planetary gearing or based front countershaft gear. Transmissions of this type, except in rare cases, have a series, not a gear under load, only in the torque multiplier and in a shaft gearbox the gear shifting takes place with an interruption in the power flow. Recently, transmissions with full gear shifting under load, which are built on the basis of planetary gears with single and double satellites, are beginning to appear in the construction of transmissions of agricultural tractors. These are primarily gearboxes with eight to ten forward gears and up to three reverse gears, while the distribution of the transmission ratios between the individual gears is quite uneven.

one of the criteria of advantageousness of the used gearboxes can be expressed by the extent of mutual correspondence of used planetary gears, number of planetary gears, resp. the number of gears of which the transmission consists.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a stepped planetary gearbox with sixteen forward gears and eight reverse gears, using four simple planetary gears, providing a consistency of gearing on the corresponding wheels of the third and fourth planetary gears. Assuming that a gear range value between 4 and 5, 8 and 9 and 12 and 13 gears can exceed 1, 3, then the stiffness matching on the corresponding wheels is achieved on the 2nd, 3rd and 4th planetary gears. The step gear according to the invention is formed by four planetary rows consisting of crown gears, sun gears and simple satellites, four movable friction brakes and five movable friction clutches. The central planetary gear of the first planetary gear is connected to the inner rotating portion of the first clutch and the input shaft of the gearbox. The ring gear of the first planetary series is connected to the outer rotating parts of the second and third steerable friction clutches. The simple satellites of the first planetary series are mounted on a satellite carrier which is connected both to the rotating part of the first steerable friction clutch and to the ring gear of the second planetary series. The central wheel of the second planetary series is connected to the rotating part of the second steerable friction brake. The simple satellites of the second planet series are mounted on a satellite carrier which is connected both to the inner rotating parts of the second and fourth friction clutches and to the crown wheel of the third planet series. The central wheel of the third planetary series is connected to a satellite carrier of the fourth planetary series, on which simple satellites of the fourth planetary series are stored. Single satellites of the third planetary series are mounted on a satellite carrier, which is connected both to the inner rotating part of the fifth friction clutch and to the output shaft of the gearbox. The central wheel of the fourth planetary series is connected, on the one hand, to the outer rotational part of the fifth friction clutch and, on the other hand, to the rotational part of the fourth friction brakes. The crown body of the fourth planetary series is connected, on the one hand, to the rotational part of the fifth friction brakes and, on the other hand, to the outer rotational part of the fourth friction clutch.

The solution according to the invention achieves a total of twenty-four gears with a minimum number of planetary gears. Furthermore, a fine gear ratio is achieved, allowing for an equal and better utilization of the engine power. The solution allows to achieve high congruity of gearing of different types of gears, namely sun gears, satellites and crown wheels, which at the same time allows the use of uniform design of components and construction nodes such as satellite pins, satellite bearings, thus achieving a favorable economic effect especially in production , service etc.

The figure shows a schematic of a twenty-four-gear planetary planetary transmission according to the invention.

The stepped planetary transmission with twenty-four gears according to the invention consists of four planetary rows 11, 21, 31, 41, four friction brakes 66, 76, 86, 96 and five friction clutches 16, 26, 36, 46, 56. Each of the planet series consists of a central wheel, simple satellites mounted on a satellite carrier and a crown wheel.

The central gear 12 of the first planetary gear is connected both to the inner rotational part 17 of the first frictional clutch and partly to the input shaft 1 of the planetary gearbox. The crown ko256182 forest 14 of the first planetary row 14 is connected to the outer rotational parts 28, 38 of the second and third gear of the friction clutch 26, 36. The simple satellites 13 of the first planetary row are mounted on a satellite carrier 2 which is connected to the ring gear 24 second planetary row and, secondly, the outer rotary portion 18 of the first radial friction clutch 16 and the rotary portion 65 of the first radial friction brake 66. The central wheel 22 of the second planetary friction pad is connected to the rotary portion 75 of the second radial friction brake 76. mounted on a satellite carrier 3, which is connected, on the one hand, to the inner rotational parts 27, 47 of the second and fourth r, of the divisible friction clutch 26, 46, and to the ring gear 34 of the third planetary series. The central wheel 32 of the third planet series is connected to a satellite carrier 5 on which the single satellites 43 of the fourth planet series are stored. Single planets 33 of the third planetary series are mounted on a satellite carrier 4, which is connected both to the inner rotational portion 57 of the fifth friction clutch 56 and to the output shaft 6 of the planetary gearbox. The fourth gear of the fourth planetary gear is connected to the rotary portion 95 of the fourth radial friction brake 96 and to the outer rotary portion 58 of the fifth radial friction clutch 56. friction clutch.

Shifting gears

Claims (5)

256132 of the first planetary planet 14 is connected to the outer rotating portions 28, 38 and the third is classified by the friction clutch 26, 36. The simple first planet satellites 13 are mounted on a satellite carrier 2, which is connected to the crown wheel 24 of the second planet series. and secondly with the outer rotary portion 18 of the first radial clutch 16 and the rotary portion 65 of the first grade friction brake 66. The central radius 22 of the second planetary radius is connected by the rotational portion 75 of the second radial friction brake 76. The simple satellites 23 of the second radial radius are mounted on the carrier of the telescopes 3, which is connected to the inner rotating parts 27, 47 of the second and fourth, friction clutch 26, 46 and to the crown wheel 34 of the third planet series. The central wheel 32 of the third planet series is connected to a satellite carrier 5 on which the simplicity 43 of the fourth planet series is mounted. The simple satellites 33 of the third planetary grid are mounted on a satellite carrier 4, which is connected with the internal rotational part 57 of the fifth radial friction clutch 56 and with the output stage 6 of the planetary gearbox. The central wheel of the 42rd planetary array is coupled to the rotating portion 95 of the fourth radial brake 96 and the outer rotary early 58pine radial clutch 56. The fourth gear planetary ring 44 is coupled to the third radial brake rotational portion 85 and the fourth quadrant friction clutch outer portion 48 . Shifting of individual gears - OBJECT A stepped planetary gear system comprising four plane lines (11, 21, 31, 41 j, consisting of crown wheels (14, 24, 34, 44) of the first, second , the third and fourth planetary rows, the crown wheel (14) of the first planetary row being connected to the outer rotating portions (28, 38), the second and the third radial friction clutches, the second planet ore crown wheel (24) connected to the rotational portion (65) a first grade friction brake (66) and an outer rotation portion (18) of the first radial friction coupler and, on the other hand, a satellite carrier (2), wherein the single satellites (13) of the first planetary series are mounted, the crown gear (34) of the third planet series it is connected to the inner rotary parts (27, 47) of the second and fourth radial friction clutches (26, 46 and, on the other hand, to the satellite carrier (3)), on which are mounted single components (23) of the second planetary series and co-run bike the third planetary beam (44) is connected to a rotatable portion (85 j of the fourth radial friction brake and the fourth radial third portion of the fourth radius is rotatable) by turning on the radial elements, the gear being switched on at each gear stage four friction elements. The friction elements in the forward run of the stage planetary gear, in which the rotational speed of the output shaft S, as well as the sense of rotation of the multi-step gear 1 of the stepped planetary gear, are switched on at the downstream gear: clutch 16 is engaged at 9 to 16 gear , the clutch 26 is engaged at the 5th to 8th and 13th to 16th gear stages, the clutch 38 is engaged at the 1st to 4th gear stages, the clutch 48 is engaged not at 3, 4, 7, 8th, 11th, 12th, 15th and 16th gear clutch 56 is engaged on 2nd, <, 6th, 8th, 10th, 12th, 14th and 16th gear, brake 76 is on on 1st to 12th gear, brake 88 is on on 1st, 2nd, 5th, 6th, 9th, 10th, 13th. and 14th gear and brake 96 engaged on the 1st, 5th, 5th, 7th, 9th, 11th, 13th and 15th pre-water stages in the reverse run, in which the rotation of the output shaft 6 is opposite the sense of rotation of the input shaft of the 1-stage upholstered gearbox, the single-element elements are switched on at the two-gear stages: the clutch 26 is engaged at the 5th-8th gear, the clutch 36 is engaged at the 1st to 4th gear, the clutch 48 is switched to 3. , 4th, 7th and 8th gear, clutch 56 is engaged on 2nd, 4th, 6th, and 8th gear, SS brake on 1 to 8th gear, brake 86 is on 1st, 2nd, 5th and 6th gear and 96 is on 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th gear. FITTING CLUTCH, CENTRAL WHEELS (12,22, 32,42 J of the first, second, third and hardened rows, the central wheel (12J of the first planetary row being connected by an inner rotary portion (17) of the first rim friction clutch (16) and with the input shaft (1), the central planetary wheel (22) of the second planetary gear is connected and rotatable (75) of the second radial friction brake (76), the central wheel (32) of the third planetary gear is connected to the satellite carrier (5) , on which simple satellites (43) of the third planetary array are stored centrally of the fourth planetary gear wheel (42j are connected to the rotary portion (95) of the quartz radius) and the outermost portion (58) of the fifth radial friction coupler and the simple ones. the satellites (13, 23, 33, 43) of the first, second, third and fourth-order rows, wherein the simple satellites (33) of the third planet series are mounted on a satellite carrier (4) that is connected to with an inner rotating portion (57) of the fifth shiftable friction clutch (56) and the output shaft (6). 1 sheet of drawings