CS256187B1 - Stepped planetary gearbox - Google Patents

Abstract

The stepped planetary gearbox consists of five simple planetary gears, five adjustable friction clutches and five adjustable friction brakes. The gearbox is intended for agricultural tractors and can be used to realize twenty-four gear stages for forward operation and twelve gear stages for reverse operation.

Description

256187

It is an object of the present invention to provide a stepped planetary gearbox with twenty-four forward stages and two reverse gear steps. The gears are shifted by friction shifting elements consisting of five brakes and five clutches. The gearbox is for agricultural tractors.

The object of the invention is to solve the problem of reaching a high torque range, with very fine grading of the gear ratios achieved on individual gear steps.

Stage gearboxes designed for semi-farm tractors have so far been built as shafts with forward torque multipliers in most products, which are either based on pneumatic gearboxes or front-end gearboxes. Transmissions of this type, except in rare cases, have gear shifting under load in the torque multiplier and in shifting gear shifting gear shifts are made with interruption of power output. Recently, transmissions with full gear shifting are also beginning to appear in the construction of agricultural tractor transmissions, which are based on planetary gears with simple and double satellites. First, the gearboxes with eight to fifty-speed forward gear ratios were up to three-speed gear ratios, while the ratios of the gear ratios with the quotient were 1.2 - 1.40. Most recently, gearboxes are beginning to emerge by grading gear ratios of 1.14 and gear ratios of up to twenty or more.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is based on the provision of a twenty-four-speed front-stage planetary gearbox and twelve low-speed gearboxes by means of five simple planetary gears, whereby the gear teeth on the corresponding wheels of the second to fifth gear train are identical. The stage planetary gearbox of the present invention is a simple gear set consisting of central wheels, crown wheels and simple satellites mounted on satellite carriers, five thrust brakes and five thrust clutches. The central wheel of the first planet series is connected to the input shaft of the stepped planetary gearbox and the internal rotating portion of the first joystick. The crown wheel of the first planetary series is associated with the more rotating parts of the second and third shifting couplings. The simple satellites of the first planetary series are stored on a satellite carrier, which is also connected to the rotary first-stage shifting brake and the crown wheel of the second planetary series. The central wheel of the second planetary gear connected with the rotating portion of the second releasable brake and with the internal rotating portion of the thrust friction clutch. The simplicity of the second planetary series is deposited on a satellite carrier which is simultaneously connected to the inner rotating portion of the fourth shifting friction clutch and to the crown wheel of the third planet series. The central wheel of the third planet series is coupled to the crown wheel of the fifth planet series and to the satellite carrier, which store the simple satellites of the fourth planet series. The simple satellites of the third-row array are mounted on a carrier which is simultaneously connected to the output shaft of the stepped planetary gearbox and the inner rotary portion of the fifth shift-control clutch. The central wheels of the fourth auxiliary planetary gear are coupled to the rotating portion of the fifth shift friction brake with the outer rotary portion of the fifth radiating friction clutch. The crown wheel of the fourth planetary gear is coupled to the rotary portion of the third shift friction brake and the outer rotary portion of the fourth reversible friction clutch. Simple satellites of the pia-planet planetary series are mounted on the carrier of the satellite, which is also connected to the rotary part of the fourth shiftable friction brake.

The stepped planetary gearbox provides a very fine grading of the gear ratios at the individual gear stages.

The solution according to the invention achieves a total of thirty-six gears with a minimum number of planetary gears and a proportionally small number of thrust elements. Furthermore, a very fine grading of the gear ratios is achieved, which makes it possible to make better use of engine power and increase the productivity of the tractor, especially in plowing. Also, the matching of the gear wheels of the second, third, fourth and fifth planetary gear sets is achieved. which, at the same time, permits the use of a uniform formation of a large number of components and construction nodes, such as satellite pegs, satellite bearing bearings and the like, thereby achieving a favorable economic effect, especially in the field of manufacture, service, and the like.

The figure shows a schematic diagram of a thirty-six-speed gearbox transmission according to the invention.

The thirty-six-speed stepped planetary gear consists of five planetary rows 11, 21, 31, 41.51, five frictional clutches 16,26, 36, 46, 56 and five thrust brakes 66, 76, 86, 96 106. Each of the plane rows consists of a central track, simple satellites deposited by satellite satellites and a crown wheel. The central wheels 22, 42, 52, the satellite carriers 2, 6, and the ring gear 44 are connected to

Claims (2)

236187 by said rotating parts of the shifting thrust shafts. The inner part 17 of the friction clutch actuator 16 is connected to the central planetary gear 12 and to the stepped planetary gear input shaft. The first planetary gear wheel 14 connected to the outer rotary portions 28, 38 of the joyful friction clutches 2, 36. The simple first planet satellites 13 are mounted on a satellite carrier 2, which is connected to the crown wheel 24 of the second planet series with the exterior portion 18 of the radial frictional clutch 16 and the rotary portion 65 of the radial traction sheave 66. The central wheel 22 of the second float row is coupled to the inner rotating portion 37, the friction clutch releaser 36, and the rotary portion 75, the radial traction sheave 76. the calves 3, which at the same time is connected to the inner rotating parts 27, 47 of the shifting friction clutches 26, 46 and the crown wheel 34 of the third planet series. The third planetary gear wheel 32 is coupled centrally to the crown wheel 34 of the fifth row and to the satellite carrier 3 on which the single satellites 43 of the fourth planet series are stored. The third planet series simplicity 33 is disposed on a satellite carrier 4, which is also connected by a gearbox output shaft 7 and an internal rotational part 57 of the friction clutch 56. The central wheels 42, 52 of the fourth and fifth planar series are connected to the outer rotary portion 58 of the radial clutch 56a with the rotary portion 105 of the radial brake 106. The simple satellites 53 of the fifth row are mounted on a carrier 6 which is also connected to the rotary part 95 of the radial friction brake 96. The fourth planet-gear crown wheel 44 is connected to the outer rotary part 48 of the radial friction clutch 46 and the rotary friction brake rotary member 85. The gear ratios are shifted by switching on the shifting elements, wherein at each gear stage four friction elements are turned on. The friction elements in the forward run of the step planetary gearbox, in which the output shaft rotational speed 7, as well as the sense of rotation of the input shaft 1 of the stepped planetary gear, is switched on at the following gear steps: The clutch 16 is engaged at 13th to 24th gear stage, the clutch 26 is engaged at the 7th to the 12th and 19th to 24th gear stages, the clutch 36 is engaged at the 1st to 6th gear, the clutch 46 is engaged at 4, 5, 6 ., 10., 11., 12., 16., 17., 18., 22., 23. and 24th gear, brake 76 on 1st to 18th gear, brake 86 is on 2nd, 3rd, 8th, 9th, 14th, 15th, 20th. and 21st gear, brake 98 engaged on 1, 2, 4, 7, 8, 10, 13, 14, 16, 19, 20 '. and 22nd gear and 106 is engaged at 5th, 11th, 17th and 23rd gear stages. On the reverse run, where the rotational output shaft 7 of the stepped gearbox is opposite to the rotation of the input shaft 1 of the stepped planetary gearbox, the individual wearable elements are switched on at the following gear steps: Clutch 26 is engaged at gear 7 to 12 stage 36 is on 1st to 6th gear, clutch 46 is on on 4th, 5th, 6th, 10th, 11th and 12th gear stages, clutch 56 is on 1, 3. , 6th, 7th, 9th and 12th gear, brake 66 is on 1st to 12th gear, brake 86 is on 2nd, 3rd, 8th and 9th gear, brake 96 it is on 1st, 2nd, 4th, 7th, 8th and 10th gear and brake 106 is on at 5th and 11th gear. OBJECT A stepped planetary gear system comprising five planetary rows (11, 21, 31, 41, 51) consisting of crown wheels (14, 24, 34, 44, 54) of the first , the second, third, fourth and fifth planetary planets, with the crown wheel (14) of the first planetary gear coupled to the outer rotary portions (28, 38) of the reversible friction clutches (26, 36), the crown gear (24) of the second planetary gear is connected with a satellite carrier (2) on which are mounted simple connectors (12) of the first planetary array and one with the rotary part (65) of the shift brake actuator (66) and the external rotary part (18) of the radial of the friction clutch (16), the co-wheel (34) of the third planetary gear is connected to the internal rotary inventions of the parts (27, 47) of the friction clutches (26, 46) and the satellite carrier (3) on which the single satellites are stored (23) second planetary gear, crown gear (44) the fourth planetary gear is connected to the outer rotating portion (48) of the shifting friction clutch (46) and the rotary portion (85) of the shifting friction brake (86) and the crown of the fifth planetary gear (54) is connected to the central wheel (32 ) of a third planet series and, on the other hand, a satellite carrier (5) on which are mounted simple satellites (43) of the fourth planet series, the central wheels (12, 22, 32, 42, 52) of the first, second, third, fourth, of the first and fifth planetary series, wherein the central wheel (12) of the first planetary row is connected to the input shaft (1) and the inner rotary portion (17) of the shifting friction clutch (16), the central planetary wheel (22) being connected to the rotational the portion (75) of the radial friction brake (76) and the inner rotary portion (37) of the radial clutch (36) and the centrally rotatable (105) of the fourth and fifth row radial clearances (105) of the friction brake actuator (105) 106 ) and with the outermost rotating portion (58) of the radial clutch (56) and of the simple satellites (13, 23, 33, 43, 53) of the first, second, third, fourth and fifth planetary series, the simple satellites (33) of the third-order series being mounted on a telecommunication carrier (4) which at the same time is connected to the output shaft (7) and to the internal time (57) of the clutch actuator (56) and simple satellites (53) of the fifth planetary series are stored on a satellite carrier (6) which is coupled to a rotatable portion (95) of the adjustable friction brake (96). 1 sheet of drawings