CS237011B1 - Agent for conservation of damaged treas - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the fields of forestry, orcharding and heritage conservation. The object of the invention is to improve the care of the disrupted trees, especially trees historically significant, generically rare, genetically important etc. This object is achieved according to the invention by the treatment process instead, one or more reactive layers are applied epoxy acrylate compositions.

Description

(54} The means to preserve damaged trees

2

The invention relates to the fields of forestry, arboriculture and monument preservation.

It is an object of the present invention to improve the management of damaged trees, in particular of historically significant, species-rare, genetically important, and the like.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a process in which one or more layers of a reactive epoxy acrylate composition are applied to the treatment site.

The invention relates to the use of a reactive composition as a means for preserving disturbed trees.

Trees are an important ecological element of our environment. Depriving the air of dust and gaseous impurities and releasing life-giving oxygen. They dampen noise and temperature fluctuations, retain moisture and regulate humidity. Their number is declining. Therefore, we must try to save every single tree.

After windstorms, vandals, or when not properly maintained, such as pruning the crown or treating damaged external tissues and cuts, the parts of the tree begin to die. For example, branches in the crown for lack of light. When they fall off, wounds are created, through which bacteria, insects and spores enter the mesh together with water. There is an irreversibly progressing rot. The growing cavity disrupts the strength of the tree and it breaks, splits or refutes.

Rescue is easy and successful, is right and timely. Conservation makes sense in old and historically significant trees, as well as species trees and trees forming a genetic bank (seeds, grafts, etc.) for further propagation or breeding. 0Protection is very important in the treatment of fruit trees. the formation of frost plates and cracks, which are secondly attacked by wood decaying fungi and insects, can only slow down the rotting process in the case of a damaged tree.

Existing protective methods are ineffective or have only a short-term effect as they do not respect the tree as a living organism (growth, movement, etc.). The prior art consists in removing rotten wood up to living mesh, disinfecting, for example with dilute vinegar or a suitable fungicide, and insulating with varnish or latex. Larger cavities are filled with cement-concrete or asphalt seals. These measures have only a temporary effect as they do not restrict water access and disputes. Concrete, mortar and asphalt seals do not match the chemical and physical properties of the living tree tissue. They often speed up the rot and are a burden for the tree rather than a rescue. Synthetic resins, especially polyester and epoxy, have therefore begun to be used. However, these cured resins are brittle and shrink when cured. Resin layer cracking when the tree is moving and also due to temperatures. This creates wounds in the rescue coating and penetrates the new infection. When plasticizers are used to soften the emollients, the emollients tend to deflect over time and the protective coatings become brittle. Many of the components, especially in the uncured state, are toxic to the living tissues or may retard their growth. The aim is to solve a technical problem that would have a long-term effect and would not have a negative impact on the viability of the tree.

It has now been found that the above drawbacks can be reduced or eliminated by using a relative composition consisting of 10 to 90 parts by weight of low molecular weight epoxy resin and / or novolak epoxide having a mean molecular weight of 220 to 670, a mean functionality of 1.95 up to 3.00 and an epoxy content of 0.30 to 0.91 mol / 100 grams, 5 to 90 parts of acrylic acid esters having an average molecular weight of 86 to 800, a mean functionality of 1 to 3 and an acrylic content of 0.12 to 1, 17 mol / 100 g and optionally 3 to 40 parts of C3 to C6 esters or triglycerides of epoxidized aliphatic acids of drying or semi-drying oils and of polyamine hardeners in an amount corresponding to 90 to 200% of the theory, based on epoxide and acrylic group content.

According to the invention, a surprisingly high healing effect is achieved, which is given by the elasticity and adhesion of the mass used. It resists the tree in the wind and its growth. Significantly less or no cracks arise, resulting in a new disease in the known methods. Unexpectedly, the new matter is well compatible with the living structures of the tree and also acts as a fungistatic. This allows the tree to grow further and its relative cure.

For the preservation of trees, after removal of mechanically non-rotten wood, the tissues are treated with solutions consisting of 0.1 to 5% by weight of fungicide, 4.5 to 20% by relative composition consisting of 10 to 90 parts of low molecular weight epoxy resin, novolac epoxide or mixtures thereof with an average molecular weight of 220 to 670, a mean functionality of 1.95 to 3.00 and an epoxy group content of 0.3 to 0.91 mol / 100 g, of 5 to 90 parts of acrylic acid esters of an average molecular weight of 86 up to 800, medium functionality 1 to 3.

In this way, tough materials are produced reliably withstanding temperature, vibration and shock changes. The coatings are dimensionally stable. Each tree needs a different treatment method or procedure. The composition of the reaction compositions can be varied and combined widely. A solution of conventional epoxy resin and an amine hardener can also be used as a basic penetration system.

Of the epoxy resins, low molecular weight resins based on bisphenol A and F, hydroquinone and resorcinol, phenolic or cresol novolaks and the like are most commonly used. They are usually prepared by alkaline condensation of the corresponding polyphenol with epichlorohydrin.

Of the acrylic acid esters, esters with aliphatic alcohols and polyols having carbon numbers in the C2 to C20 chain are used, such as esters with cyclanic alcohols, benzyl alcohol, monoalkyl ethers of glycols and polyglycols, dimer fatty alcohols, polyethylene glycols, trimethylolpropane, glycerin and the like. Acrylic acid adducts with epoxides in a molar ratio of COOH: epoxy group = 1: 1 to 2, glycidyl acrylates and the like are also used. For practical purposes where it is necessary to appropriately influence, for example, viscosity, compatibility and other rheological properties, it is sometimes useful to use mixtures of esters.

Suitable esters of epoxidized fatty acids or drying oils are technical triglycerides of epoxidized fatty acids of tall, soy, linseed, dehydrated castor oil or other vegetable or animal oils having an iodine value greater than 90 mg iodine / g. Also suitable is the use of C3 to C6 aliphatic esters of epoxidized fatty acids derived from the above oils.

The amine and polyaminoamide hardeners for the process of the invention have amine numbers of 150 to 1800 mg KOH / g and cure at temperatures of 0 to 50 ° C, preferably at 15 to 25 ° C, at an amount of 0.9 to 2.0 χ Η x S where "H" is the hydrogen equivalent of the hardener and "S" is the sum of the epoxide and acrylic groups in mol / 100 g. Curing may be used to accelerate or retard the vulcanization reactions, such as phenolic compounds, polyols, thiols, ketones, etc. Sometimes it is suitable to use substances affecting the flow, surface tension and foam formation. Known fillers and pigments such as sand, crushed glass, ground fused silica, silica gel, titanium white and the like can also be used for the process of the invention. The reactive composition may be thixotropic.

For the preparation of penetration solutions, the epoxy acrylate with vulcanizer is dissolved in solvents, the most commonly used aromatics, ketones and chlorinated hydrocarbons.

Example

First, the disturbed part of the tree, especially the rot, is removed. Thereafter, the treated area is disinfected and its shape adjusted so that no unnecessary pockets are formed. In dry and warm weather (above 15 ° C), a penetration solution consisting of 25 wt. parts of a reactive composition consisting of 60 wt. parts of a low molecular weight epoxy resin based on bisphenol A having an average molecular weight of 390, 20 wt. parts of polyethylene glycol diacrylate having an average molecular weight of 744, 20 wt. parts of epoxidized linseed oil, 1 wt. % of calcium polysulfide and 4.7 wt. parts of trimethylhexamethylenediamine and of 100 wt. parts of toluene.

After 8 hours, a 1 mm layer of a reactive composition consisting of 90 wt. parts of resorcinepoxide resin having an average molecular weight of 239.3 wt. 40 parts by weight of butyl ester of epoxidized soybean oil fatty acids; parts by weight of n-butyl acrylate, 50 wt. parts of trimethylol propane triacrylate and 88 wt. parts of trimethylhexamethylenediamine. A tough coating with good vibration resistance is obtained.

A reactive composition consisting of 95 wt. parts of a low molecular weight epoxy resin based on bisphenol F having an average molecular weight of 315.5 wt. parts by weight of n-decyl acrylate, 10 wt. parts of ground fused quartz and 15 wt. parts of 1,4-diaminobutane. After curing, the coating has a tensile strength of 322 MPa, an elongation at break of 22% and an impact strength of 88 J / cm ² .

Claims (1)

SUBJECT Use of a reactive composition consisting of 10 to 90 parts by weight of a low molecular weight epoxy resin and / or novolak epoxy having a mean molecular weight of 220 to 670, a mean functionality of 1.95 to 3.00 and an epoxy group content of 0.30 to 0.91 mol / 100 g , 5 to 90 parts of acrylic acid esters having an average molecular weight of 86 to 800, a mean functionality of 1 to 3 and an acrylic content of 0.12 to 1.17 mol / 100 g and optionally 3 to 40 parts of C3 to C6 esters or triglycerides of epoxidized aliphatic acids of drying oils or semi-drying oils and of polyamine hardeners in an amount corresponding to 90 to 200% of the theory, based on the content of epoxy and acrylic groups, as a means for preserving disturbed trees.