CN114794095A - Cut protecting agent for dried fruit tree branch scissors and application thereof - Google Patents
Cut protecting agent for dried fruit tree branch scissors and application thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114794095A CN114794095A CN202210545388.8A CN202210545388A CN114794095A CN 114794095 A CN114794095 A CN 114794095A CN 202210545388 A CN202210545388 A CN 202210545388A CN 114794095 A CN114794095 A CN 114794095A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- agent
- cut
- kerf
- fruit tree
- protective agent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
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- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
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- HZRSNVGNWUDEFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyraclostrobin Chemical compound COC(=O)N(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1COC1=NN(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)C=C1 HZRSNVGNWUDEFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- ONCZDRURRATYFI-TVJDWZFNSA-N trifloxystrobin Chemical compound CO\N=C(\C(=O)OC)C1=CC=CC=C1CO\N=C(/C)C1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 ONCZDRURRATYFI-TVJDWZFNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- HJIKODJJEORHMZ-DNVPGCTHSA-N isohomobrassinolide Chemical compound C1OC(=O)[C@H]2C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C[C@]2(C)[C@H]2CC[C@]3(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C(C)C)CC)CC[C@H]3[C@@H]21 HJIKODJJEORHMZ-DNVPGCTHSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 239000005971 1-naphthylacetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- YMHOBZXQZVXHBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dimethoxy-4-bromophenethylamine Chemical compound COC1=CC(CCN)=C(OC)C=C1Br YMHOBZXQZVXHBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IIDAJRNSZSFFCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-amino-5-methoxy-2-methylbenzenesulfonamide Chemical group COC1=CC(S(N)(=O)=O)=C(C)C=C1N IIDAJRNSZSFFCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 241000167854 Bourreria succulenta Species 0.000 description 1
- IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-VRESXRICSA-N Brassinolide Natural products O=C1OC[C@@H]2[C@@H]3[C@@](C)([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](C(C)C)C)C)CC3)CC[C@@H]2[C@]2(C)[C@@H]1C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C2 IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-VRESXRICSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OTCCIMWXFLJLIA-BYPYZUCNSA-N N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CC(O)=O OTCCIMWXFLJLIA-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-KNBKMWSGSA-N brassinolide Chemical compound C1OC(=O)[C@H]2C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C[C@]2(C)[C@H]2CC[C@]3(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)C(C)C)CC[C@H]3[C@@H]21 IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-KNBKMWSGSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole-3-acetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CNC2=C1 SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
- A01N25/10—Macromolecular compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/50—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids the nitrogen atom being doubly bound to the carbon skeleton
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/22—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom rings with more than six members
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/647—Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
- A01N43/653—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/18—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, directly attached to a heterocyclic or cycloaliphatic ring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/24—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing the groups, or; Thio analogues thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/34—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the groups, e.g. biuret; Thio analogues thereof; Urea-aldehyde condensation products
Abstract
The invention discloses a fruit tree branch cut and kerf protective agent and application thereof, wherein the fruit tree branch cut and kerf protective agent comprises an agent A serving as a bactericide, an agent B for promoting cut and kerf healing and an agent C serving as a matrix, wherein the agent A is a triazole bactericide or a methoxy acrylate bactericide; the agent B is one or two of naphthylacetic acid and 28-epibrassinolide; the agent C is a water-based polyurethane coating. The application is the application of the protective agent for the cut and the kerf of the fruit tree branches in promoting the healing of the cut and the kerf and preventing and treating the diseases of the branches and the trunks. The cut kerf protective agent promotes the cut kerf to be quickly healed, has good adhesiveness and strong rain brush resistance on the cut kerf, has good control effect on pathogenic bacteria of branches and trunks on the cut kerf of fruit tree branches, has excellent comprehensive performance, and has good toughness and ductility of a white protective film layer formed on the cut kerf of the fruit tree branches and strong rain brush resistance, can be adhered to the cut kerf for more than one year, greatly prolongs the lasting period of the protective agent, and reduces the use frequency and the use cost of the protective agent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural bactericides, in particular to a cut protection agent for dried fruit tree branches and an application thereof.
Background
Fruit tree pruning is a necessary management measure for maintaining yield and quality in production, and a pruning kerf caused by pruning is an important invasion site of fruit tree branch diseases. The branch and trunk diseases are important diseases threatening fruit trees, such as apple tree rot, ring spot, anthracnose of various fruit trees and the like, can cause dead branches and dead trees, and have serious health hazards to the fruit trees. The protection of the saw cut is an effective prevention and control measure for preventing and controlling the diseases of the branches and the trunks of the fruit trees, and is widely applied in production.
At present, various measures are adopted in production, such as coating of rare mud, Bordeaux mixture or bactericide and wrapping by using a plastic film; or applying asphalt, paint or using commercial fruit tree wound healing agent. However, the existing protection measures for the cut and the kerf are not ideal, the healing agent has short attachment time at the cut and the healing agent can not effectively protect the cut and the kerf before the wound is healed; some commercial healing agents have poor ductility, crack and fall off along with the healing of wounds, and the effect of preventing and treating the diseases of the branches and the trunks is not ideal because the healing agents do not contain bactericides. Therefore, promoting the healing of the cut kerf and preventing the infection of the branch diseases from the cut kerf are the development direction of the fruit branch cut kerf protective agent.
Therefore, the prior art is in need of further improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of poor control effect on diseases, poor adhesion of the existing medicament at the cut kerf, premature shedding and slow healing promotion in the current control measures, the invention provides a novel fruit tree branch cut kerf protective agent and application thereof.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a fruit tree branch cut kerf protective agent, which comprises an agent A serving as a bactericide, an agent B for promoting the healing of a cut kerf and an agent C serving as a substrate, wherein the agent A is a triazole bactericide or a methoxy acrylate bactericide and has a control effect on pathogenic bacteria of fruit tree branch diseases at the cut kerf; the agent B is one or two of naphthylacetic acid and 28-epibrassinolide, and is plant growth hormone for promoting the healing of cut and kerf of fruit tree; the agent C is a water-based polyurethane coating.
The A agent is a bactericide with special control effect on pathogenic bacteria of ascomycota, basidiomycota and fungi imperfecti and containing triazole and methoxy acrylate. Preferably, the agent A is triazole bactericide or methoxy acrylate original medicine or preparation, and the preparation is missible oil, wettable powder, suspending agent or water dispersible granule. Experiments prove that the content of the effective components of the bactericide A in the kerf shearing protective agent is 2-4 g/L, and the kerf shearing protective agent has the best effect of protecting the kerf shearing and does not cause waste of raw materials under the dosage.
Specifically, the A agent comprises carbendazim, pyraclostrobin, thiophanate-methyl, trifloxystrobin or difenoconazole, and the bactericides have broad-spectrum systemic and protective effects. Preferably, the agent A is carbendazim or pyraclostrobin original drug or preparation. Experiments prove that the cut and sawn cut protective agent prepared from the two A agents has excellent control effects on ring rot and rot of fruit trees, and particularly has better control effects on the rot.
The agent B is selected from multiple plant growth hormones based on the scheme of the application, and is naphthylacetic acid, 28-epibrassinolide or the combination of the naphthylacetic acid and the 28-epibrassinolide. The naphthylacetic acid is alpha-naphthylacetic acid with molecular formula of C 12 H 10 O 2 The molecular weight is 186.2, the English name is 1-naphthalene acetic acid, NAA for short, and the compound is an organic compound and has stable property. Naphthylacetic acid is a growth regulator with auxin activity, and can be absorbed by root, stem and leaf to promote plant growth. 28-epibrassinolide, English name 22(s),23(s) -homobrassinolide, molecular formula C 29 H 50 O 6 And the molecular weight is 494.7. 28-epihigh brassinolide is a novel green environment-friendly plant growth regulator, and can promote plant cell elongation, cell division and cell growth under a certain concentration.
Preferably, the agent B is a combination of naphthylacetic acid and 28-epibrassinolide. Experiments prove that the withering degree and the withering length of the cut can be obviously improved when the naphthalene acetic acid and 28-epibrassinolide are used in the cut saw kerf protective agent.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the effective components of the fruit tree branch cutting and saw kerf protective agent, naphthylacetic acid and 28-epibrassinolide is (5-0.2): 1. within this ratio, the two exert a synergistic effect and exert their activities sufficiently. Further preferably, the mass ratio of the naphthylacetic acid to the effective components of 28-epibrassinolide is 2: 1.
optionally, the dosage of naphthylacetic acid in the cut-saw protective agent is 10-40 mg/L, and the use concentration of 28-epibrassinolide is 0.04-4 mg/L. Within the dosage range, the naphthylacetic acid and the 28-epibrassinolide can effectively promote the healing of the cut and the kerf, and have no side effect on fruit trees.
The agent C is an aqueous polyurethane coating. Experiments show that the waterborne polyurethane coating has the best adhesive property and waterproof property compared with other types of coatings, and is an environment-friendly high-molecular polymer elastic waterproof material. The waterborne polyurethane coating can be well attached to the saw cut of the fruit tree scissors and is not easy to break and fall off along with the healing of the saw cut and the sun and rain. The mixed bactericide and the plant growth hormone can protect the cut and the kerf and promote the healing of the cut and the kerf for a long time in the waterborne polyurethane coating.
In general, the waterborne polyurethane material has the following advantages: (1) has strong adhesion to the surface of an object, strong toughness, high strength, large elongation and good elasticity, can stand the irradiation of sunlight for a long time, and does not heal, fracture and fall off along with the growth of a cut and a saw cut. (2) The chemical property is stable, a layer of tough seamless integral anti-blocking film is formed on the surface of the cut saw, and the film is non-toxic, soft, elastic, water-resistant and good in mechanical property after being cured. (3) Does not react with the plant growth hormone and the bactericide mixed in the scheme of the invention, so that the activity of each component is stable.
Preferably, white water-based polyurethane material is selected, white can reflect sunlight to a large extent, avoid the burning of the cut and the saw cut caused by the temperature rise due to the sunlight absorption and reduce the activity of hormone and bactericide. The white waterborne polyurethane material can not only protect the saw kerf, reduce the water loss of the saw kerf, attach and protect the added plant growth hormone and bactericide, slowly release the active ingredients at the position of the saw kerf and prolong the effective period of the saw kerf.
In summary, the bactericide, the two plant growth hormones and the aqueous polyurethane material are mixed and applied to the cut of the fruit tree shears to form a protective film, so that the growth hormones and the bactericide are slowly released while the cut is protected, and are prevented from being digested by ultraviolet irradiation and rainwater washing, thereby promoting the healing of the cut of the fruit tree shears and preventing the invasion of pathogenic bacteria of branch diseases.
In a second aspect, the invention further provides a preparation method of the fruit tree branch cutting and kerf protecting agent, which comprises the following steps: mixing the components in the cut and kerf protective agent for the branches and the trunks of fruit trees to ensure that the content of the agent A reaches 2-4 g/L and the content of the agent B reaches 0.04-40 mg/L, and mixing the agent A and the agent B into the pure agent C to prepare the cut and kerf protective agent. The brush can be directly used for coating the saw cut of the fruit tree scissors without adding water or diluting by other substances, and the use is convenient.
In a third aspect, the invention also provides application of the cut and saw cut protective agent in promoting the healing of cut and saw cut of fruit trees and preventing and treating branch diseases.
Preferably, the fruit tree comprises: apple, pear (such as golden pear), cherry (such as Meizao). Wherein the apple comprises Fuji, Gala, Venus gold, Aztec, Tianwang No. one, etc.
Preferably, the fruit tree branch disease comprises apple tree rot, ring rot and fruit tree anthracnose.
The fruit branch dry cutting and kerf protecting agent provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the cut kerf protective agent has the advantages of high healing speed, good adhesiveness on a cut kerf, strong rain brush resistance, good control effect on pathogenic bacteria of branches and trunks on the cut kerf of fruit branch and excellent comprehensive performance. Experiments prove that the cut kerf protective agent is superior to the existing products in various indexes such as callus speed, control of the colonization rate of mixed bacteria, germination rate, withered degree of cut kerf and the like, and has better market prospect.
In addition, the white protective film layer formed on the cut of the fruit tree by the cut kerf protective agent has strong toughness, high strength, large elongation and good elasticity, can stand the irradiation of sunlight for a long time, resists rain wash, does not heal and break or fall off along with the growth of the cut kerf, can be attached to the cut kerf for more than one year, greatly prolongs the action time of the protective agent, and reduces the use frequency and the use cost of the protective agent.
2. The waterborne polyurethane material used as the substrate has stable material performance and safe use, can ensure the stable activity of the bactericide and the plant growth hormone, has a certain disease control effect, and can be synergized with the bactericide; on the other hand, active ingredients such as the bactericide and the growth hormone can be attached to the film formed by the aqueous polyurethane material and protected by the film from being digested by ultraviolet irradiation and rain wash, so that the lasting period of the bactericide and the acting time of the active ingredients are greatly prolonged. In addition, the cut and sawn cut protective agent prepared from the waterborne polyurethane material has the advantages of no toxicity and no odor, is harmless to trees, human bodies and the environment, and is easy to coat or spray.
3. The cut kerf protective agent has simple formula and low cost, and is obviously lower than the price of similar healing agents in the market; and the sterilization composition is convenient to prepare and use, has long sterilization duration, has high market application value and is convenient for large-scale popularization and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of apple trees coated with a cut and kerf protectant for apple trees in the middle of 4 months after 8 weeks;
fig. 2 shows the results of the adhesion and water resistance tests for 4 matrix materials tested.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. In the present invention, the equipment and materials used are commercially available or commonly used in the art, if not specified. The methods in the following examples are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
The application methods of the bactericide based on the special effects of triazoles, methoxy acrylates and the like on the control of pathogenic bacteria of ascomycota, basidiomycota and fungi imperfecti are the same or similar, and in the specific embodiment, the technical scheme is explained only by taking carbendazim as a representative.
Example one
1. The experimental method comprises the following steps:
the embodiment provides a protective agent for a cut of a fruit tree. In the embodiment, the agent A is 50% carbendazim wettable powder produced by Jiangsu Lanfeng biochemical industry Co., Ltd, and the trade name is Dafusheng; the B agent is alpha-naphthylacetic acid with the purity of 97 percent produced by Beijing Soilebao science and technology Limited company and 28-epibrassinolide produced by Yunnan cloud large-technology agricultural chemical Limited company, the effective components are 0.004 percent aqueous solution, and the mass ratio of the two effective components of the growth hormone is 5: 1, namely 1000g of 28-epibrassinone aqueous solution with 0.004 percent of active ingredients is added with 0.2g of 97 percent alpha-naphthylacetic acid and mixed evenly; the agent C is a polyurethane waterproof coating produced by Shanghai Nippon Longshui industries. The agent A, the agent B and the agent C are mixed according to the proportion of 1: 20: 200 by mass ratio. The preparation method of the cut and kerf protective agent comprises the following steps: adding the agent A and the agent B into the agent C, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a finished product of the cut and kerf protectant. The cut kerf protective agent is prepared just before use and is used up within one week after preparation.
In the last 4 months, the prepared cut-saw cut protective agent is smeared on the cut saw cut of the trimmed apple trees.
In the fruit tree cut and kerf protective agent prepared in the embodiment, the concentration of the effective component of the agent A is 2.5g/L, B, the concentration of the effective component is 24mg/L, and the agent C is pure polyurethane waterproof coating.
2. Results and analysis of the experiments
As shown in figure 1, the cut kerf protective agent forms a white medicament film layer on the cut kerf, the white medicament film layer is resistant to rain wash and sunlight irradiation, the white medicament film layer still adheres to the cut kerf after being coated for 8 weeks, namely, in the 6 th decade of the year, the cut kerf is completely healed, and the white medicament film layer does not crack.
Example two
1. The experimental method comprises the following steps:
to screen for a matrix suitable for a scissors cut protectant, the following experiments were performed:
4 different matrix materials, namely polyurethane waterproof paint produced by Shanghai Holong practical company, emulsified asphalt produced by Hezhou Hongyang anticorrosive material Co., Ltd, new time beautiful interior wall matt emulsion paint produced by Nippon paint Co., Ltd and 'beautiful pile' coating agent matrix produced by Qingdao Daozhong agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd are subjected to adhesion performance and water resistance experiments. The specific method comprises the following steps: the 4 materials are evenly coated on a glass slide by a brush, dried and then placed in water for 1 week to be soaked, and the adhesion conditions of the four substrates are checked.
2. Results and analysis of the experiments
The result is shown in figure 2, after one week of soaking, the Zhongda 'liangyou' piles fall off on the glass slide in a large area, and the adhesiveness is the worst; after the latex paint is soaked in water for 1 week, fine cracks are formed on the surface of a glass slide, so that the adhesion is good, but the ductility is poor; the polyurethane waterproof coating and the emulsified asphalt have the best adhesion performance and water resistance, and the coating formed by the two substrates on the glass slide does not fall off or form cracks.
Considering that black materials absorb light and can cause wound burn under the conditions of high temperature and strong illumination, the polyurethane waterproof coating with weak light absorption performance is selected as the matrix of the cut and saw cut protective agent.
EXAMPLE III
1. The experimental method comprises the following steps:
to evaluate the effect of different active ingredients in the protectant on the effect of the cut protectant, the following experiments were performed:
(1) 8 cut kerf protective agents are set in the experiment, and the formula of each group of cut kerf protective agents is specifically shown in the following table 1. In each group of protective agents, the mass ratio of 50% carbendazim wettable powder to the aqueous polyurethane material is 1: 200.
TABLE 1 protectant formulations for different groups
(2) In 4 months, the 8 cut kerf protective agents with different formulas are respectively coated on cut kerfs of apple trees to be tested. Selecting potted apple trees with the same size and growth vigor in a test garden, selecting 5 branches with the same thickness (0.5-0.8 cm) in each tree, cutting off the branches at a position which is about 10mm away from a base part to form a cut kerf, immediately coating a cut kerf treating agent, and ensuring that the treating agent covers the whole cut kerf. In contrast to the (CK) treatment, no treatment was performed after the formation of the kerf. After the cut kerf 42d is processed, the healing speed of the cut kerf, the colonization rate, the germination rate, the withering degree and the withering length of different experimental groups are checked and recorded, and the cut kerf protective agent is screened by taking the cut kerf healing speed, the colonization rate, the germination rate, the withering degree and the withering length as standards.
The cut callus speed is divided into the following 3 grades: level 0: no visible callus is present on the cut; level 1: visible callus is arranged on the cut; and 2, stage: obvious callus is on the cut.
The callus velocity index is ∑ (number of cutting edges at each stage speed × stage)/(total number of cutting edges × highest stage).
The colonization rate of the mixed bacteria is the percentage of the cut with black or gray black mold spots on the surface of the cut coating layer in each treatment to the total cut.
The germination rate is the percentage of the total cut of the cut saw cuts which produce new shoots within 10mm below each cut treated within 42 d.
The cropping fatality degree is classified into 3 grades: grade 0, cut mouth growth is normal, without water loss wilting or necrosis; level 1, water loss and wilting appear at cut; grade 2, water loss at the cut and dark brown tissue necrosis.
The withering degree index is ═ Σ (the number of withered and dead shearing saw cuts at each stage × the number of stages)/(the total number of shearing saw cuts × the highest stage). The withered length is the maximum length of the wilted or withered cortex below the cut.
2. Results and analysis of the experiments
TABLE 2 evaluation of the effect of eight saw-cut protective agents on the saw-cut protection of apple trees
The results in table 2 show that the 8 formulations of the cut kerf protective agent have no significant influence on the healing speed of the cut kerf, the healing speed indexes are all over 0.91, and the 8 cut kerf protective agent improves the germination rate of bud eyes near the cut kerf and reduces the colonization rate of mixed bacteria at the cut kerf.
The inhibition of the added carbendazim cut kerf protective agent on the colonization of the mixed bacteria is better than that of the mixed bacteria only treated by the water-based polyurethane material (F1); the addition of naphthalene acetic acid alone or naphthalene acetic acid and 28-epibrassinolide 2 hormones has no significant effect on the colonization rate of the mixed bacteria.
The withering degree and the withering length of the cut saw can be obviously improved after the naphthalene acetic acid or the mixture of the naphthalene acetic acid and the 28-epihomobrassinolide is added, and particularly, the treatment (F6, F7 and F8) of adding 2 growth hormones (the naphthalene acetic acid and the 28-epihomobrassinolide) is obviously superior to the treatment of only adding the naphthalene acetic acid (F3, F4 and F5) or not adding the hormone (F1 and F2) in the aspect of improving the withering degree and the withering length of the cut saw.
And (3) determining F6 as the optimal combination of the test formula by combining the indexes, wherein the optimal formula of the shearing kerf protectant comprises the following components: the aqueous polyurethane material is used as a substrate, contains carbendazim, naphthylacetic acid with the content of 20mg/L and 28-epibrassinolide with the content of 4mg/L, wherein the weight ratio of the effective components of the carbendazim wettable powder to the aqueous polyurethane material is 1: 400, namely the concentration of the effective components of the carbendazim in the matrix is 2.5 g/L.
Example four
In order to evaluate the protective effect of different combinations of bactericides and substrates on the cut and sawed opening of the fruit tree, the following experiments were carried out:
1. the experimental method comprises the following steps:
(1) in the embodiment, the bactericide is selected from 25% pyraclostrobin missible oil (the trade name is Kailun, produced by BASF corporation) and 50% carbendazim wettable powder (the trade name is Dafusheng, produced by Jiangsu Lanfeng biochemical industry Co., Ltd.).
(2) Pyraclostrobin (hereinafter abbreviated as Pyr) and carbendazim (hereinafter abbreviated as Car) were mixed with a polyurethane waterproof coating (hereinafter abbreviated as WPU) (manufactured by shanghai drylon industries, inc.) in a ratio of 1: 200, respectively adding the bactericide into a polyurethane waterproof coating (WPU) according to the proportion, and uniformly mixing to prepare 2 test medicaments which are respectively named as WPU + Pyr and WPU + Car.
(3) Experiments test the control effect of three medicaments (WPU, WPU + Pyr, WPU + Car) on infection of two branch diseases (apple ring rot and apple rot) of apple trees at the cut of saw.
The specific method comprises the following steps: using the in vitro apple branches, cutting the branches with the diameter of about 15mm into branch sections with the length of 200mm, and inserting the lower ends of the branch sections into water for moisturizing. Inoculating conidiophores of ring-line germs or rot germs to the cut saw cut at the upper end of the in-vitro branch segment by adopting a spraying method, respectively coating test medicaments to the cut saw cut of inoculated pathogens after inoculating for 2-3 d, coating medicaments for 7d, finishing the colonization of the cut saw cut by the pathogens, separating the pathogens by adopting a tissue separation method, cutting square blocks with the diameter of 2mm of the surface of the branch from the position 5mm below the coated cut saw cut, and culturing on a PDA culture medium, wherein 12 blocks are cultured on each branch. 5 branch segments were tested per treatment, and the control branches were not treated after inoculation with pathogenic bacteria. The effect of the drug formulation was evaluated as the rate of eradication of pathogenic bacteria by the drug.
The pathogen eradication rate (percentage of tissue mass not isolated with pathogen-percentage of control tissue mass not isolated with pathogen)/(1-percentage of control tissue mass not isolated with pathogen).
2. Results and analysis of the experiments
TABLE 3 eradicating effects of three drug formulations on ring rot and rot of apple
Note: WPU: polyurethane waterproof paint; WPU + Pyr: pyraclostrobin is mixed into the polyurethane waterproof coating; WPU + Car: the polyurethane waterproof coating is mixed with carbendazim.
The results in table 3 show that: the result of the WPU group shows that the WPU has certain control effect on ring spot and rot; the eradication efficiency of the WPU + Car medicament group (polyurethane waterproof coating mixed with carbendazim) on the ring spot germs reaches 75.7 percent, which is obviously higher than that of the WPU group and the WPU + Pyr group; compared with the WPU group, the removing effect of the WPU + Pyr on the ring rot germs is not greatly improved. This indicates that the eradication effect of carbendazim on ring spot at the cut kerf is the best in the test medicament. WPU + Car group and WPU + Pyr group all have higher shovel off rate to rotten fungus, and it all is more than 80% to shovel off efficiency, is showing to be higher than the effect of WPU group, and wherein, WPU + Car group is very excellent to rotten disease's prevention effect, reaches 96.97%. The experiments show that the two bactericides have obvious effect on protecting saw cuts, and the two bactericides tested by the two bactericides are preferably carbendazim in the application of preventing and treating ring spot and rotten germs.
EXAMPLE five
In order to evaluate the effect and cost of the saw kerf protectant of the invention and the commercial product saw kerf protectant, the following experiments were performed:
1. the experimental method comprises the following steps:
(1) the invention relates to a cut kerf protective agent formula which comprises the following components in parts by weight: the third example is formula F6, which is the mixture of water polyurethane material and 50% carbendazim wettable powder (weight ratio is 1: 200), naphthylacetic acid (content is 20mg/L), 28-epihomobrassinolide (content is 4 mg/L). The comparative commercially available kerf protectant was: the detailed information of the products, the manufacturers and the like of 6 types of saw kerf protective agents including pasting, Ping Anyumei, Aitu, artificial bark, green wood and Shiqi are shown in Table 4.
(2) The 7 different agents are respectively coated on the cut of apple tree branches in 4 months. The processing method and evaluation index are the same as those of the third example.
2. Results and analysis of the experiments
(1) From the results in table 4, the cut kerf protectant F6 provided by the invention is superior to 6 existing similar products tested in multiple indexes such as callus speed, control of the colonization rate of mixed bacteria, germination rate, cut kerf withering degree and the like. Therefore, the shearing and sawing mouth protective agent provided by the invention has comprehensive performance superior to that of common commercial similar agents, and has good application prospect.
(2) As can be seen from Table 4, the price of the cut kerf protective agent provided by the invention is obviously lower than that of 6 similar medicaments commercialized in the current market, and the price of the 6 similar medicaments sold in the market is generally more than 50.0 yuan per kilogram; through calculation, the manufacturing cost of the cut kerf protective agent is 26.1 yuan per kilogram, and the price is reduced by more than 47.8 percent compared with the current commercialized cut kerf protective agent.
Table 4 cut kerf protectant and evaluation of protective efficacy
It should be understood that the technical solutions and concepts of the present invention may be equally replaced or changed by those skilled in the art, and all such changes or substitutions should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A fruit branch cut and kerf protective agent is characterized by comprising an agent A serving as a bactericide, an agent B for promoting cut and kerf healing and an agent C serving as a substrate, wherein the agent A is a triazole bactericide or a methoxy acrylate bactericide; the agent B is one or two of naphthylacetic acid and 28-epibrassinolide; the agent C is a water-based polyurethane coating.
2. The fruit branch dried cutting and sawing port protective agent according to claim 1, characterized in that the agent A is triazole bactericide or strobilurin technical or preparation, and the preparation is emulsifiable solution, wettable powder, suspending agent or water dispersible granule.
3. The fruit tree branch dry cutting and sawing mouth protective agent according to claim 1, characterized in that the agent A is carbendazim, pyraclostrobin, thiophanate methyl, trifloxystrobin or difenoconazole.
4. The fruit tree branch cutting and sawing protectant according to claim 1, wherein the agent B is a mixture of naphthalene acetic acid and 28-epibrassinolide.
5. The fruit branch dry cutting and sawing port protective agent according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the effective components of the naphthylacetic acid and the 28-epibrassinolide is (0.2-5): 1.
6. the fruit branch dried cutting and kerf protecting agent according to claim 5, wherein the dosage of naphthylacetic acid in the cutting and kerf protecting agent is 10-40 mg/L, and the use concentration of 28-epibrassinolide is 0.04-4 mg/L.
7. The fruit branch dried cutting and sawing port protective agent according to claim 6, wherein the content of the active ingredient of the agent A is 2-4 g/L.
8. A method for preparing the fruit tree branch cutting and kerf protecting agent as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following steps: mixing the components in the cut and kerf protective agent for the branches and the trunks of fruit trees to ensure that the content of the agent A reaches 2-4 g/L and the content of the agent B reaches 0.04-40 mg/L, and mixing the agent A and the agent B into a pure agent C to prepare the cut and kerf protective agent.
9. The use of the fruit branch pruning wound protectant according to claim 1 for promoting pruning wound healing and preventing and treating branch diseases.
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