CS215262B1 - Special plaster mortar material - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a diffuse, anticaking, fungicidal. and frost-resistant special plaster mortars, in particular for the restoration of raised masonry buildings with disturbed or missing insulation against · ground moisture, in particular for plastering walls of such masonry, provided with a · electromotor installation for drying.

It is known that the drying time of wet masonry after the installation of horizontal insulation takes 1 to 2 years. 'Reduces residual moisture. during this time the thermal resistance is masonry. After plastering with ordinary plaster, zdlvp freezes in winter. mold forms on the inside. and condensation of atmospheric moisture on its surface. The condensate dissolves the chemicals in the trap and washes them to the surface during evaporation. plasters, which are color degraded by the efflorescence and mechanically disturbed by the crystalline pressure of efflorescence. Known thermal insulation plasters, for example based on expanded perlite, such as MS. Author's Certificate No. 146 793, eliminates the defects of ordinary plasters only in part.

The essence of the invention is that the mortar consists of. lightweight porous filler, binder and chemical additives to ensure dry hydrophobicity. plasters, such as sodium methylsilanolate, its fungicidal properties, such as organotin. In the penultimate stage of the rendering of the plaster mortar, i.e. already in the processed mixture of all the previous ingredients, a surfactant nonionic substance, such as an alkoxylated organic acid, is added to these and other known components to provide a significant reduction of the surface tension in addition to better wettability of the basic components 1, a significant increase in the effect of other ingredients (hydrophobic, fungicidal, etc.), a higher degree of interaction of fatty acid salts with calcium · classical binders, better distribution of ingredients limiting volume changes, it makes it hardy. According to the experiments carried out, the resulting properties of the render are not merely the sum of the effects of the individual ingredients in the mortar, but are almost twice as high as the 'non-ionic surfactant'. According to the invention, the nonionic surfactant may be alkoxylated organic acids or alkoxylated alcohols having a carbon number of C14 to C20 or C12 to C20. their amides or esters or mixtures thereof.

The ratio of the individual components of this mortar is advantageous in the range of 67 to 83% by weight of the expanded porous filler, 14 to 23% of the binder and further to this total amount of 0.1 to 2% of surfactant non-ionic substances 0.3 to 2% of hydrophobic substances, 0.00003 to 1% of fungicidal substances, and 0.07 to 0.5% of substances reducing the volume changes of the plaster. Depending on the application, the mortar may contain other components such as reinforcing fibers (glass etc.), pigments and the like.

The lightweight porous filler gives the mortar basic thermal insulating properties, and thus the plaster fulfills the task of substantially increasing the heat resistance in which the electroosmotic installation has been incorporated. The fungicidal additive together with the hydrophobic additive makes the mortar highly resistant to the vegetation of microorganisms in and on the plaster, since the chemical effect at a given concentration of substances is multiplied by the water resistance of the plaster. In addition to enhancing the effects of other additives, the nonionic surfactant additive improves the plastification of the mortar, positively affects the adhesion of the mortar to the substrate, improves the workability of the mortar during the production and work on the finishing of the plaster surface. This additive also forms micro-bubble when processed in mortar, which is evenly dispersed in the mixture. · These air bubbles reduce friction between the particles of expanded porous filler, aeration. The volume-limiting additive binds part of the water for a certain period of time, resulting in a slow and even drying of the plaster throughout the area. In combination with other additives, it prevents suction of additional water when the plaster is dry and prevents permanent shrinkage of the plaster and cracks.

EXAMPLES OF MALTA PRODUCTION

Add 20 kg of expanded, perlite of grain size up to 4 mm and 50 kg of expanded slag of particle size dio 2 mm to the mixer with 24 liters of mixing water and mix for a maximum of 1 minute. After the addition of 20 kg of P 350, the mixture is mixed again with 1 ml. Chemical additives consisting of 1.6 kg of alkoxylated oleyl alcohol, 1.7 kg of sodium methylsilanolate, 0.05 kg of organotin and 4.0 kg of a 10% aqueous methylcellulose solution are separately mixed in 20 liters of water. They are added to the mixer and mixed again for about 1 minute. During the last mixing, the mortar is treated by adding water so that it is well applied to the masonry. '

A variant of said example is another possibility of producing the mortar according to the invention, using the same weight and volume data of the first example instead of expanded sand slag of the same granularity and the same amount of non-ionic surfactant instead of alkoxylated oleyl alcohol. alkoxylated stearic acids.

The comparative tests have shown the advantages of the non-ionic surfactant in the plaster mortar, the results of which are shown in the following table. The first column provides the data for malt wool not containing a non-ionic surfactant, the second column for the malt wool contains an additive of a non-ionic surfactant.

(not containing) (not containing)

Diffuse. coefficient 1 and Ž12 8 to 9

Absorbency 0.092 kg / m ^ h ⁰ ^ 0.053 kg / mAh ^ s

Compressive strength 0.85 MPa 2.2 MPa

Water vapor permeability 3,4 m-1 5,5 m * ¹

The mortars according to the invention can be used, in addition to the exterior render of buildings dried by electrophysical methods, advantageously also for the interior render in areas where surface water condensation occurs on ordinary renderings, such as laundries, yeasts, malt houses and the like. is in buildings with a thermally undersized cladding, where it is possible to increase the thermal resistance of masonry by applying the appropriate layer of this plaster and at the same time

1 5 2 6 2 on the outside to protect the building against. the effects of wind-driven rain. Where not required. protect 'damp. building construction against the supply of other capillary water, such as brick walls, fortification walls, etc .; it is enough to plaster such a construction with this mortar 'and the plaster will no longer produce blooms, no dampening. and damage caused by frost. *

Claims (2)

. SUBJECT 1. Special. render mortar, composed of the basic components of the expanded porous filler, binders, hydrophobic additives, fungicidal additives and restrictive additives. volume changes, characterized in that it contains an additive of nonionic surfactant in an amount of 0.1 to 2% of the basic components. . VYNALEZU 2. A special plaster mortar according to claim 1, characterized in that the non-ionic surfactant is an alkoxylated organic acid, an alkoxylated alcohol or an amine thereof, or a mixture thereof.