KR19980026231A - Inorganic insulation. Sound absorbing material composition - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a new inorganic heat insulating and sound absorbing material composition, and provides a new inorganic heat insulating and sound absorbing material composition composed of pearlite, vermiculite, cement, gypsum and ordinary additives, and a method for constructing the same. Of course, it is possible to obtain a new insulation and sound absorbing material with excellent safety and mechanical properties.

Description

Inorganic Insulation / Sound Absorber Composition

Insulation means to prevent the transfer of heat, that is to keep the necessary heat in the required place, to prevent leakage, to prevent unnecessary heat intrusion and to block. Ideal thermal insulation materials have low thermal conductivity (below 0.1kcal / mh ℃), harmless to the human body, harmless to the generation of toxic gases during combustion, durability, corrosion resistance, easy installation, easy handling, and other materials. The better the adhesion with and the greater the sound absorption and sound insulation effect.

Insulation is mainly used to prevent the movement and invasion of heat directly or indirectly in the fields requiring insulation such as facilities of buildings, houses, factories and factories, machinery facilities, power generation facilities, containers and facilities that require insulation and cold storage. It means to cut off heat by various methods, and its types are varied according to insulation materials and purpose, method, use, and construction method.

As an inorganic insulator, glass is a main fuel, and a rock wool insulator is a nonflammable material which hardly generates smoke in a fire without burning rocks or slag as a main raw material. However, in general, the inorganic heat insulating material has a disadvantage in that the thermal conductivity is high compared to the organic heat insulating material because the absorption and moisture permeability is large, and rock wool, glass wool, etc., which is an inorganic heat insulating material, causes irritation when it comes into contact with the skin during construction as a fiber and is harmful to the human body.

On the other hand, organic foam insulation is self-extinguishing due to the addition of flame retardants, but it is a combustible material that burns in a fire and generates a lot of smoke and toxic substances are emitted.

Therefore, sufficient care must be taken not to come into contact with fire during construction or storage, and the construction of internal insulation must also be avoided. In particular, urea foam insulation is banned in Canada and parts of the United States due to the release of formaldehyde harmful to humans during use. In addition, the organic insulating material has a low use temperature and a narrow range.

Accordingly, the present inventors have completed the present invention by developing a new heat insulating and sound absorbing material that can overcome the disadvantages of the conventional heat insulating materials as described above.

Figure 1 shows the process of forming the co-matrix of the inorganic insulating and sound absorbing material according to the present invention,

2 shows the interfacial reaction between the inorganic thermal insulation and sound absorbing material and water according to the present invention.

The heat insulating and sound absorbing material composition of the present invention is composed of conventional additives such as pearlite, vermiculite, cement, gypsum and water repellent, foaming agent, adhesive, curing agent, pigment, binder and the like. The characteristics of each of these are as follows.

1. Perlite

When the lava spewed out by volcanic activity suddenly solidifies in the water and pulverizes the glassy igneous rock, which is a glassy rock without any gap to become a crystal mineral, it is dried and heated (over 1000 ℃), and it is about 30 times as if it is corn splashing. You get an expanded material with the size of, which is called pearlite.

Its characteristics are about 0.06kg / l by volume ratio and delicate porous foam, which has unique thermal insulation performance (thermal conductivity, 0.03kcal / mh ℃), does not burn, generates no toxic gas, and does not react chemically with other chemicals. .

Chemical composition and physical properties of such a pearlite are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

2. Vermiculite

Vermiculite is a pure inorganic heat insulating material that is a secondary mineral with porosity obtained when mica minerals mainly composed of SiO ₂ , MgO, and Al ₂ O ₃ are fired at a high temperature of 1200-1300 ° C. to be expanded by 4-15 times.

It is excellent in light weight, heat insulation, cold insulation, heat insulation, sound insulation, non-combustible and condensation prevention.It does not burn in 1200 ℃ direct heat and does not deform in high temperature.It does not generate toxic gas or smoke, and its durability and weather resistance are permanent. , Radiation shielding, electrical insulator. Chemical composition of such vermiculite is shown in the following Table 3, and physical properties include high thermal insulation, light weight, non-combustible, soundproof, soil improvement, cation exchange capacity.

3. Cement

In the present invention, a general portland cement may be used, and a blain value of 2800 g / cm ² is appropriate, and the characteristics thereof are shown in Tables 4 and 5.

4. Gypsum

Gypsum contains 20-30% of its own weight as crystal water and releases crystal water very slowly at around 120-130 ° C. If the heat is continuously applied at 190 ° C or lower, it becomes semi-hydrated gypsum and at 300 ° C, it becomes anhydrous gypsum. Therefore, the temperature on the opposite side of the heating surface can be maintained at a temperature much lower than the temperature of the heating surface for a relatively long time. By using these properties, the plate used as the fire protection material and the member for the fireproof structure plays a big role in the initial fire protection. The chemical composition of this gypsum is shown in Table 6 below.

5. As an additive used for the inorganic heat insulation and sound absorption material of this invention, an adhesive agent, a foaming agent, a water repellent, a binder, a pigment, a hardening | curing agent etc. are mentioned.

As the adhesive, a conventional inorganic or organic adhesive may be used, and preferably, ethylene oxide resin (PEO) may be used, which is white, finely divided, softening point of 650-670 ° C., completely soluble in water, and low concentration. It is a highly viscous, nonflammable, high strength thermoplastic resin, and does not rot.

As the foaming agent (STT), sulfuric acid ester salt (R-OSO ₃ Na) is preferable, which generates a large amount of bubbles when dissolved in white, fine powder, and water, and has a high foamability at low concentration.

As the water repellent, Shinwon Chemical's high-flow (zinc-sterate: ZN-ST) and the like can be used. The chemical molecular formula is Zn (C ₁₇ H ₃₅ COO) ₂ , white fine powder, free fatty acid 1.0 % Or less, moisture 1.0% or less, melting point 120 degreeC, and particle size pass 99% or more in 325 mesh.

As a binder, Super strong confiber (S / S) is preferable, which is added together when the first raw material is added and is uniformly dispersed in the raw material mixture. It is a fiber reinforcing material (synthetic fiber) to suppress shrinkage cracks, which are inherent bonds, and to make denser and solid concrete. The super strong cone fiber of a polypropylene fiber is haejum inhibit cracking of the concrete by the fiber (Fiber) of about 650-850 mangae is sterically distribution haejum the fine root reinforcing action (Micro Reinforcing) in concrete / mortar 1m ³ as well as the impact Significantly increases the resistance to various concrete deterioration factors, such as failure, wear, tear, permeability, corrosion and the East Sea. Uses include: shrinkage crack suppression of concrete, impact breakage, wear, erosion, fatigue, increased resistance to repeated loads, reduced permeability, reduced freeze / thaw damage, reduced aggregate settling, omission of wire mesh or metal lath (bottom) Slab plastering), omission of wire mesh and short rebound loss in short concrete, ease of use, shortening of air, and reduction of park cost. The characteristics of these SuperStrong cone fibers are shown in Table 7 below.

As the pigment, ordinary inorganic pigments are used.

As a hardening | curing agent, the normal hardening | curing agent for cement is used.

The composition ratio of each component of the inorganic thermal insulation and sound absorption material according to the present invention containing the main raw materials and additives as described above can be appropriately adjusted and manufactured according to the use or environmental conditions, but the preferred composition ratio is shown in Table 8 below.

However, when the insulation is manufactured with vermiculite, cement, gypsum or pearlite, cement and gypsum, the thermal conductivity and porosity become poor. When used in combination with water, vermiculite contains about 90% of its own weight, whereas The light absorbs and releases about 2.5-3 times its own weight. Therefore, by using a proper amount of vermiculite and pearlite, the product itself prevents the phenomenon of releasing or absorbing water and has an ideal adhesive strength.

The production method of the heat insulation and sound absorption material according to the present invention is as follows. Additives such as other adhesives, foaming agents, water repellents, curing agents, binders, etc., to the main component materials vermiculite, pearlite, cement, and gypsum are added at a composition ratio according to the present invention and mixed for 30 minutes in a mixer to prepare a heat insulating material.

The mixed insulation and sound absorbing material was kneaded with water at 1: 1.4 and cured at room temperature (23 ± 2 ℃) for 28 days, and then dried at 105 ± 2 ℃ for 24 hours to change the weight (constant weight, no more change in weight due to moisture). The density, thermal conductivity, adhesion strength, water repellency, combustibility, hazard, heat resistance, colorability, etc. were evaluated using the measurement sample, and the evaluation method was in accordance with the standard test method of general cement or insulation.

1. Thermal conductivity and density

The density and thermal conductivity of the heat insulating and sound absorbing material sample and the conventional inorganic heat insulating material according to the present invention were as shown in Table 9 below.

The most important property among the physical properties of building insulation materials is thermal conductivity. The smaller the thermal conductivity, the better the thermal insulation effect. In general, the thermal conductivity depends on the material of the insulation, and in general, the organic insulation has lower thermal conductivity than the inorganic insulation.

The thermal conductivity of the heat insulator varies depending on the density and the moisture content even with the same material. This is because air and water contained in the insulating material affect the thermal conductivity.

In general, the heat insulating material has a porosity at light weight, and contains air therein. In addition, the thermal conductivity of the air itself is very low, such as 0.02 kcal / mh ° C., the higher the air content, the better the thermal insulation performance. Therefore, it is a general trend that the smaller the density, the smaller the thermal conductivity.

One of the factors affecting the thermal conductivity is moisture. If the thermal conductivity of water is very high as 0.5 kcal / mh ° C., when the heat insulator contains a lot of water, it is replaced with air in the heat insulator, thereby deteriorating the heat insulation.

Therefore, the water absorption and moisture permeability of a heat insulating material cause a heat conductivity to be increased by containing moisture in the inside and the surface of a heat insulating material.

In general, the inorganic heat insulating material has a greater absorption and moisture permeability than the organic heat insulating material, while the heat insulating / absorption material according to the present invention has a lower moisture permeability than the organic heat insulating material by coating and foaming with an organic additive to the inorganic raw material, and due to the addition of a specially prepared foaming agent. After mixing with water and foamed to form a fine independent bubble in the finished product itself, this independent air layer serves to hinder the thermal conductivity has a low value of thermal conductivity.

It can be seen that this independent bubble layer of the present invention exhibits low density due to the addition of lightweight vermiculite and pearlite.

2. Water repellency

As shown schematically in FIG. 2, it was observed visually that the water-absorbing material sample according to the present invention was not absorbed at all in the reaction between the interface and the water and condensed and removed.

Absorption of general insulation has a great negative effect on insulation and condensation.

In the heat insulation and sound absorption material of this invention, the process of film formation of cement hydration of a binder phase and a water repellent binder is performed simultaneously. This Co-Matrix is well illustrated by the simplified model shown in FIG.

When the water repellent binder is mixed in the matrix of the heat insulating / absorption material according to the present invention, the water repellent is uniformly dispersed in the cement pool so that the cement gel is formed by cement hydration and the water repellent particles adhere to the surface of the cement gel and the unhydrated cement particle blend. To start. As water is consumed due to the formation of cement gel structure, the water repellent particles penetrate into the capillary air to further cement hydration and the capillary water decreases, so that the water repellent particles are agglomerated to the surface of the cement gel and unhydrated cement particle mixture. It is possible to exhibit the maximum water repellent performance by forming the closest packed layer of water repellent particles.

3. Combustibility

When the heat insulating / absorbing material sample of the present invention was heated with a gas fire, it did not burn and no smoke was generated.

4. Hazards

Since the raw materials of the heat insulating and sound absorbing material according to the present invention are all harmless to the human body, there is no harm.

Since the insulation and sound absorbing material of the present invention excludes rock wool, glass wool, and the like, which are fibrous materials, and uses foamed or molded vermiculite at high temperature, it excludes irritation when it comes into contact with the skin, and does not burn or smoke when a fire occurs. It is not discharged.

5. Heat resistance

Vermiculite, pearlite, cement and gypsum, which are raw materials of the heat insulating and sound absorbing material of the present invention, are raw materials used for fireproof coating, and vermiculite and pearlite are all inorganic materials foamed and molded at 1000 ° C. or higher. The heat resistance was evaluated to be very high.

Compared with the organic insulator, the temperature of the inorganic insulator is higher than that of the organic insulator.

As described above, the insulation and sound absorbing material according to the present invention can be seen that the use temperature range is very wide due to the use of raw materials foamed at high temperatures.

6. Strength and adhesion strength

Since the heat insulating material is not a structural material, the construction of the heat insulating material itself under load is rare, but the strength may be required depending on the construction site.

Insulation materials used as ceilings or walls in houses do not have to be high in strength. However, the heat insulating material used as the flooring material requires a certain strength or more. In general, the strength is changed according to the density, but despite the low density, it can be seen that the strength is superior to that of the conventionally manufactured heat insulating material, and the heat insulating and sound absorbing material of the present invention is an insulating and sound absorbing material for spraying and plastering, so it is more adhesive strength than strength. Will take precedence.

The adhesion strength of the insulation and sound-absorbing material of the present invention tested at the disaster prevention laboratory with the adhered surface is 0.64 g / cm Came out. This is 0.25 g / cm for standard insulation As described above, it can be seen that the heat insulating and sound absorbing material of the invention has very high adhesion strength. This high adhesive strength is due to the ideal combination of the surfactant PEO (polyethylene oxide) and cement, not only showing the bonding property, but also shows high adhesion strength because it can penetrate into the surface of the concrete and integrate with the concrete layer. It can be seen.

7. Colorability

Inorganic heat insulating material according to the present invention was confirmed that the color of the inorganic pigment used as it appears in the sample.

Coloring materials for general heat insulators are colorants, and if the purpose is to color the surface, it is possible to paint or spray them, but this may impair the texture of the heat insulator, or achieve the desired purpose when used for slabs or exterior walls. Can not. The coloring material is represented by dyes and pigments, the dye is a colorant that is dissolved in water, when applied to the heat insulating material is melted by rain water in the case of the outside discoloration and polluting the surroundings is not suitable. Because of this property, the heat insulating material of the present invention uses a pigment that is inorganic in color, and is generally chemically stable to heat, light, alkali, etc., and has a large hiding power (the ability to hide the color of the base or the aggregate). Can be represented. That is, the inorganic pigments are mixed together in the raw material mixing process so that the product itself has a color.

8. Sound absorption

In general, the sound absorption of insulation material is determined by the specific gravity of the material, the surface treatment method of the product, the construction method, the frequency of sound, etc., and the sound absorption rate is determined by the reflection and absorption of the sound frequency at the surface.

end. Insulation and sound absorbing material of the present invention is a double-foamed molded product has a low specific gravity due to the air layer of the bubble, and these numerous independent bubbles exhibit a high sound absorption rate by absorbing the wavelength of sound frequency and confining them between the bubbles. .

I. As it is possible to apply general spraying, the surface treatment of the product can be adjusted freely, making the ideal uneven part on the surface, reflecting the frequency of sound, and high sound absorption from noise of various industrial machinery factories and automobiles. Can be represented.

The construction method of the inorganic insulation and sound absorbing material according to the present invention can be applied to the surface usually used for spraying and plastering, and can also be formed by molding according to the required shape or shape in advance. That is, the heat insulating and sound absorbing material composition prepared as described above may be kneaded with water in a mixer and applied to a construction surface using a compressor and a trowel in a slurry state.

As described above, it can be seen that the heat-insulating and sound-absorbing material of the present invention prepared by the addition of an ideal binder using the inorganic material foamed at high temperature in accordance with the present invention as a raw material.

1) The thermal conductivity is 0.05kcal / mh ℃ or less, it does not burn and does not generate toxic gas and smoke.

2) Because it has fine independent bubbles, it is lightweight and is excellent at keeping warm, keeping cold, insulating, non-combustible and condensation.

3) By using an inorganic material, it does not deform even at high heat.

4) Waterproofing and condensation can be prevented by forming a water repellent binder.

5) 0.6Kg / cm adhesion strength due to addition of permeable binder It has the above value.

6) Color adjustment is possible due to the addition of inorganic pigments.

7) It has insulation performance by adding mica-based minerals, such as radiation shielding and electric insulator.

The present invention relates to a novel inorganic heat insulating and sound absorbing material composition and a construction method thereof. More specifically, the present invention relates to a new heat insulating and sound absorbing material composition having excellent thermal insulation and sound absorption, including physical properties, foamed molded at high temperature, vermiculite, cement, gypsum, and conventional additives, and a construction method thereof. .

Claims (5)

Inorganic heat insulation and sound absorption material composition which consists of 15-20 weight% of pearlite, 15-20 weight% of vermiculite, 30-40 weight% of cement, 30-40 weight% of gypsum, and a usual additive. The inorganic heat insulation and sound absorption material composition of Claim 1 containing 1 or more types chosen from an adhesive agent, a foaming agent, a water repellent, a hardening | curing agent, and a binder. Inorganic insulation / absorption material composition with added water repellent, preventing water contamination, less change in insulation and sound absorption performance, less color change, and longer product life. An inorganic heat-insulating and sound-absorbing material composition which is double-foamed by mixing a bubble material and an adhesive with a porous material. Inorganic insulation / absorption material for spraying or plastering the inorganic insulation / absorption material mixture prepared by mixing and kneading pearlite, vermiculite, cement, gypsum, and common additives with water, or by molding it into a form suitable for the construction site. Composition.