KR102174793B1 - Fire retardant and fireproof board - Google Patents
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- KR102174793B1 KR102174793B1 KR1020200057291A KR20200057291A KR102174793B1 KR 102174793 B1 KR102174793 B1 KR 102174793B1 KR 1020200057291 A KR1020200057291 A KR 1020200057291A KR 20200057291 A KR20200057291 A KR 20200057291A KR 102174793 B1 KR102174793 B1 KR 102174793B1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
- C09K21/02—Inorganic materials
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
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- C04B16/00—Use of organic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of organic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B16/04—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B16/08—Macromolecular compounds porous, e.g. expanded polystyrene beads or microballoons
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- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
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- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/60—Agents for protection against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2103/63—Flame-proofing agents
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Abstract
Description
본 발명은 방화제 조성물 및 그것을 이용한 내화보드에 관한 것으로, 열 차단 능력을 극대화하는 방화제와 그것을 이용해 보드 형태로 형성되어 화재시 열을 차단함으로써 화염의 전파를 막을 수 있게 되는 내화보드에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a fire retardant composition and a fireproof board using the same, and to a fire retardant that maximizes heat blocking ability and a fireproof board formed in the form of a board using the same to block heat in case of fire, thereby preventing the propagation of flames.
건축 자재에서 내화 성능은 매우 중요하게 여겨진다. 건축물에 화재가 발생하는 경우 화염이 전파되는 것을 차단함으로써 화재가 조기 진압되도록 하는데 큰 역할을 하게 되기 때문인바, 이를 통해 인명과 재산을 보호하는데 역할을 하게 된다.Fire resistance performance is considered very important in building materials. This is because when a fire occurs in a building, it plays a big role in extinguishing the fire early by blocking the spread of flames, and this plays a role in protecting people and property.
내화 성능이 있는 건축자재는 불에 타지 않는 성질뿐만 아니라 열의 전달을 차단하는 성능 또한 확보하여야 함이 필수이다. 화재 발생시 실내 온도는 매우 급격하게 상승하여 1000℃가 넘는 온도에 이를 수 있는데, 이 과정에서 열이 차단되지 않을 경우 전달되는 열만으로도 발화 현상이 발생하여 화재가 확대될 수 있기 때문이다.It is essential that building materials with fire-resistance performance not only do not burn, but also have the ability to block heat transfer. In the event of a fire, the indoor temperature rises very rapidly and can reach a temperature of over 1000℃. If heat is not blocked during this process, an ignition phenomenon may occur with only the transmitted heat, and the fire may spread.
본 발명은 화염과 열의 전파를 차단하는 기능을 확보하는데 도움을 주는 방화제 및 그것을 이용해 보드 형태로 형성되어 건축 자재로 널리 사용할 수 있는 내화보드를 제공하는 것에 그 목적이 있다.It is an object of the present invention to provide a fire retardant that helps to secure the function of blocking the propagation of flame and heat, and a fireproof board formed in the form of a board using the same and can be widely used as a building material.
본 발명에서는 황산알미늄, 소석회, 규산지르코늄을 포함하는 방화제 조성물을 제안하고, 그러한 방화제 조성물을 시멘트, 암면, 스티로폼 알갱이와 혼합하여 보드 배합물을 형성한 다음 상기 보드 배합물을 물과 섞어 페이스트 형태로 형성하여 소정의 형태로 성형한 것을 양생 및 건조하여서 형성되는 내화보드를 제안하여 상기의 목적을 달성한다.In the present invention, a fire retardant composition comprising aluminum sulfate, slaked lime, and zirconium silicate is proposed, and the fire retardant composition is mixed with cement, rock wool, and styrofoam grains to form a board blend, and then the board blend is mixed with water to form a paste. It achieves the above object by proposing a fireproof board formed by curing and drying the molded in a predetermined shape.
본 발명에 따르면 화염과 열의 전파를 안정적으로 차단하는 내화보드를 얻을 수 있게 되는바, 건축물에서 화재와 같은 위급한 상황 발생시 화염의 전파를 차단하여 화재의 확산을 효과적으로 방지하여 줄 수 있게 된다.According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a fireproof board that stably blocks the propagation of flames and heat, and it is possible to effectively prevent the spread of fire by blocking the propagation of flames when an emergency situation such as a fire occurs in a building.
도 1은 본 발명에 의한 내화보드 제조 과정을 보여주는 공정도,
도 2는 본 발명에 의한 내화보드 성능시험 현장 사진.1 is a process chart showing a fireproof board manufacturing process according to the present invention,
Figure 2 is a photograph of the fire board performance test site according to the present invention.
본 발명에서는 화염과 열의 전파를 차단하는 기능을 확보하는데 도움을 주는 방화제 및 그것을 이용해 보드 형태로 형성되어 건축 자재로 널리 사용할 수 있는 내화보드를 제공하고자, 황산알미늄, 소석회, 규산지르코늄을 포함하는 방화제 조성물을 제안하고, 그러한 방화제 조성물을 시멘트, 암면, 스티로폼 알갱이와 혼합하여 보드 배합물을 형성한 다음 상기 보드 배합물을 물과 섞어 페이스트 형태로 형성하여 소정의 형태로 성형한 것을 양생 및 건조하여서 형성되는 내화보드를 제안한다.In the present invention, in order to provide a fire retardant that helps to secure the function of blocking the propagation of flame and heat, and a fireproof board formed in the form of a board using the same, which can be widely used as a building material, a fire retardant including aluminum sulfate, slaked lime, and zirconium silicate Proposing a composition, and mixing such a fire retardant composition with cement, rock wool, and styrofoam grains to form a board compound, and then mixing the board compound with water to form a paste, and then curing and drying the board compound to form a predetermined shape. Suggest a board.
이하, 본 발명을 첨부된 도면을 참고로 하여 상세하게 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
도 1은 본 발명에 의한 내화보드 제조 과정을 보여주는 공정도, 도 2는 본 발명에 의한 내화보드 성능시험 현장 사진이다.1 is a process chart showing a fireproof board manufacturing process according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a photograph of a fireproof board performance test site according to the present invention.
본 발명에 의한 방화제 조성물은 황산알미늄, 소석회, 규산지르코늄을 포함하여 형성된다.The fire retardant composition according to the present invention is formed by including aluminum sulfate, slaked lime, and zirconium silicate.
상기 황산알미늄은 흰색 또는 회색 광택의 결정형 외관을 가지고, 무취이며, 산성도(PH)는 3.0이다. 비중은 1.62, 녹는점은 대략 770℃인 것으로 물에 쉽게 용해되며 응집제로 사용된다. 한국공업규격(KS M1411-1987)에 의해 공업용과 수도용으로 품질규격이 정해져 있다. 함량은 45~55중량%이다. The aluminum sulfate has a white or gray glossy crystalline appearance, is odorless, and has an acidity (PH) of 3.0. The specific gravity is 1.62 and the melting point is about 770℃, so it is easily soluble in water and is used as a coagulant. The quality standards for industrial use and water supply are established by the Korean Industrial Standards (KS M1411-1987). The content is 45 to 55% by weight.
상기 소석회는 수산화칼슘을 말한다. 산화칼슘에 물을 첨가하여 반응시키면 발열해서 생긴다. 백색의 분말로 물에 약간 녹으며, 그 수용액을 석회수라고 한다. 강한 알칼리성을 띤다. 이산화탄소와 쉽게 화합하여 물에 녹지 않는 탄산칼슘을 생성한다. 암모니아염에 작용해서 암모니아를 분리한다. 또 산에 녹아 칼슘염을 만들고, 염소를 작용시키면 표백분을 생성한다. 표백분, 모르타르의 원료, 소독제, 산성 토양의 중화, 응집 조제 등의 알칼리제로서 사용되고 있다.The slaked lime refers to calcium hydroxide. When water is added to calcium oxide and reacted, it generates heat. It is a white powder, slightly soluble in water, and its aqueous solution is called lime water. It has a strong alkalinity. It easily combines with carbon dioxide to produce calcium carbonate, which is insoluble in water. Acts on ammonia salts to separate ammonia. In addition, it dissolves in acid to form calcium salts, and when chlorine acts, it produces bleaching powder. It is used as an alkali agent for bleaching powder, raw material for mortar, disinfectant, neutralization of acidic soil, and coagulation aid.
본 발명에서 상기 소석회는 각기 성분들의 응고를 촉진하고, 수분을 지속적으로 포집하여 내화도를 높이는 역할을 한다. 함량은 44~54 중량%이다.In the present invention, the slaked lime serves to promote the coagulation of each component and to increase fire resistance by continuously collecting moisture. The content is 44 to 54% by weight.
상기 규산지르코늄(ZrSiO4)은 화학조성은 ZrO2 67.2%, SiO2 32.8%이며 소량의 Al2O3, Fe2O3, TiO2가 함유되어 있다. 경도 7~8, 내화도는 약 2500℃이며, 1800℃ 이상에서 분해되어 실리카 증기가 생성된다. 경도는 7.5, 굴절률은 1.92~1.96, 산과 알칼리에는 녹지 않는다. 열팽창계수가 적으며 소결체에서 탄성률, 굴절장력은 규산염세라믹 중에서는 최고인 것으로 알려졌다. 기계적 강도가 크고, 전기절연성도 크며 내침식성 및 내화성이 큰 물질이다. 본 발명에서는 각기 성분들이 용매에 잘 분산될 수 있도록 하는 유탁제로 사용된다. 함량은 0.5~3중량%이다.The chemical composition of zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4) is ZrO 2 67.2%, SiO 2 32.8%, and contains small amounts of Al 2 O 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , and TiO 2 . Hardness 7~8, fire resistance is about 2500℃, and it decomposes above 1800℃ to generate silica vapor. The hardness is 7.5, the refractive index is 1.92 to 1.96, and it is insoluble in acids and alkalis. It is known that the coefficient of thermal expansion is small, and the modulus of elasticity and refractive tension in the sintered body are the highest among silicate ceramics. It is a material with high mechanical strength, high electrical insulation, and high corrosion resistance and fire resistance. In the present invention, each component is used as an emulsifying agent to ensure good dispersion in a solvent. The content is 0.5-3% by weight.
한편, 상기 황산알미늄, 소석회, 규산지르코늄은 그 함량 범위에서 사용됨으로써 최적의 효과를 구한다. 함량이 하한에 미치지 못하면 소망하는 성능을 발휘하지 못하게 되고, 상한을 벗어나게 되면 그 성능이 과도하게 발휘됨으로써 결과적으로 전체적인 혼합물의 물성을 저하하게 된다. 따라서 앞서 예시한 범위 내에서 그 함량이 결정되어야 한다.On the other hand, the aluminum sulfate, slaked lime, and zirconium silicate are used within the content range to obtain an optimum effect. If the content is less than the lower limit, the desired performance cannot be exhibited. If the content exceeds the upper limit, the performance is excessively exerted, resulting in deterioration of the properties of the overall mixture. Therefore, the content must be determined within the range exemplified above.
이상과 같이 형성되는 본 발명에 의한 방화제 조성물은 내화보드를 형성하는 원료로 사용된다. 내화도가 1000℃에 이르는 것으로 측정된바, 내화성능을 구현하기 위한 물질로 적합함에 따른 것이다. 이를 위해 상기 방화제 조성물에 시멘트, 암면, 스티로폼 알갱이를 혼합하여 보드 배합물을 형성하고, 상기 보드 배합물을 이용해 내화보드를 형성게 된다.The fire retardant composition according to the present invention formed as described above is used as a raw material for forming a fireproof board. The fire resistance was measured to reach 1000°C, and this is because it is suitable as a material for realizing fire resistance. To this end, cement, rock wool, and styrofoam grains are mixed with the fire retardant composition to form a board formulation, and a fireproof board is formed using the board formulation.
상기 보드 배합물은 상기 방화제 조성물 13~17중량%, 시멘트 30~34중량%, 암면 45~49중량%, 스티로폼 알갱이 4~8중량%를 포함하여 형성된다.The board formulation is formed to include 13 to 17% by weight of the fire retardant composition, 30 to 34% by weight of cement, 45 to 49% by weight of rock wool, and 4 to 8% by weight of styrofoam grains.
상기 시멘트는 각기 성분을 응집시키고 완성된 내화보드가 일정한 강도를 가질 수 있도록 하기 위해 첨가된다. 알려진 바와 같이 시멘트는 내화성이 높은 물질로서 내화도가 1450℃에 이른다.The cement is added to agglomerate each component and to make the finished fireproof board have a certain strength. As is known, cement is a material with high fire resistance and has a fire resistance of 1450°C.
상기 암면은 인공무기섬유의 일종으로 전기로에서 1,500~1,600℃의 고열로 용융하여 노(爐) 하부의 노즐에서 흘러나온 것을 압축공기로 세게 불어서 만든 섬유이다. 암석섬유라고도 하는데, 안산암·현무암 등의 암석이나 니켈·망가니즈의 슬래그등의 혼합물에 석회석을 섞은 것을 원료로 하여 제조된다. 섬유의 길이 10~100mm, 굵기 2~20μm가 표준이나 그에 한정되는 것은 아니다. 무기질이므로 내화성이 우수하며, 열전도율은 작고 흡음률이 높은 특징을 가진 물질이다. 본 발명에서는 완성된 내화보드가 형체를 유지하도록 하면서 부서지지 않도록 하기 위해 첨가되며, 보온성 및 흡음성을 확보할 수 있도로 하기 위해 첨가된다. 내화도는 600℃에 이른다.The rock wool is a kind of artificial inorganic fiber and is a fiber made by melting with high heat of 1,500 to 1,600°C in an electric furnace and blowing hard with compressed air that flows out of the nozzle at the bottom of the furnace. It is also called rock fiber, and is manufactured by mixing limestone with a mixture of rocks such as andesite and basalt, or slag of nickel and manganese as a raw material. The length of the fiber is 10-100mm, and the thickness is 2-20μm, but is not limited thereto. As it is an inorganic material, it has excellent fire resistance, low thermal conductivity, and high sound absorption. In the present invention, it is added to ensure that the finished fireproof board maintains its shape and does not break, and is added to ensure warmth and sound-absorbing properties. The degree of fire resistance reaches 600℃.
스티로폼 알갱이는 스티로폼을 작은 구슬, 즉 알갱이 형태로 형성한 것이다. 스티로폼은 그 재질 특성이 체적의 약 98% 정도가 공극으로 상기 공극에는 공기가 채워진다. 따라서 단열성이 우수하고, 충격을 흡수하는 성질을 가진다. 본 발명에서는 완성된 내화보드에 공극을 확보하여 공기층을 형성하기 위한 용도로 첨가되며, 그 지름은 대략 1~3mm의 것이 사용된다. 내화도는 80℃ 정도이다.Styrofoam granules are styrofoam formed into small beads, that is, granules. Styrofoam has a material characteristic of about 98% of its volume, and the voids are filled with air. Therefore, it has excellent thermal insulation properties and has a property of absorbing impact. In the present invention, it is added for the purpose of forming an air layer by securing a void in the finished fireproof board, and a diameter of about 1 to 3 mm is used. The degree of fire resistance is about 80℃.
이상과 같은 본 발명에 의한 보드 배합물을 이용해 내화보드를 형성하는 경우 상기 보드 배합물을 물과 혼합하여 형성하게 된다. 상기 보드 배합물 55~65중량%에 물 35~45중량%를 혼합하여서 페이스트를 형성하게 되는데, 상기 페이스트를 일정한 형상의 틀에 부은 다음 양생하고 건조하는 과정을 거쳐서 내화보드를 형성하게 된다. 이 과정에서 물의 양이 상기 임계치를 벗어나게 되면 적정한 점도의 페이스트가 형성되지 않으므로 상기의 범위에서 첨가하게 된다. When forming a fireproof board using the board formulation according to the present invention as described above is formed by mixing the board formulation with water. A paste is formed by mixing 55 to 65% by weight of the board formulation with 35 to 45% by weight of water. The paste is poured into a mold having a certain shape and then cured and dried to form a fireproof board. In this process, if the amount of water exceeds the threshold value, a paste having an appropriate viscosity is not formed, and thus the paste is added within the above range.
상기와 같이 형성된 본 발명에 의한 내화보드에 대해서 성능시험을 실시하였다. 가로 240mm, 세로 320mm 두께 40mm, 무게 1.5kg의 시험편을 세우고 가스토치로 상기 내화보드의 일면(이하, '가열면'이라고 한다.)을 직화가열을 하여 심부와 타면(이하, '반대면'이라고 한다.)의 온도를 측정하였다. 온도센서는 가열면과 내화보드 심부에 설치하고, 반대면은 적외선 측정기로 온도를 측정하였다. 그 결과 아래 표와 같은 결과를 얻었다.The fireproof board according to the present invention formed as described above was subjected to a performance test. Set up a specimen of 240mm in width, 320mm in length, 40mm in thickness, and 1.5kg in weight, and heat one side (hereinafter referred to as'heating side') of the fireproof board directly with a gas torch to heat the core and the other side (hereinafter referred to as'opposite side'). .) was measured. The temperature sensor was installed on the heating side and the deep part of the fireproof board, and the opposite side was measured with an infrared meter. As a result, the results shown in the table below were obtained.
상기의 시험결과에 따르면 가열시간에 따라 가열면의 온도가 상승하게 되고, 특히 심부 온도는 급격하게 상승함을 알 수 있다. 하지만, 반대면에서 측정된 온도는 가열면의 온도가 1000℃를 넘는 온도가 유지되는 상황에서도 일정한 온도에 이르러서는 급격한 변동 없이 60℃~70℃ 정도에서 유지되고 있는바, 효과적으로 열을 차단함을 알 수 있다. 이는 본 발명에 의한 방화제 조성물 및 내화보드를 구성하는 각기 물질들이 내화성이 높은 물질들이 최적의 비율로 혼합됨과 아울러 완성된 내화보드에 상당한 정도의 공극이 형성되어 있음에 따라 열 전도를 효과적으로 차단함에 따른 결과이다.According to the above test results, it can be seen that the temperature of the heating surface rises according to the heating time, and in particular, the core temperature rises rapidly. However, the temperature measured on the opposite side is maintained at about 60°C to 70°C without rapid fluctuation even when the temperature of the heating surface reaches a certain temperature even when the temperature of the heating surface exceeds 1000°C. Able to know. This is because the fire retardant composition according to the present invention and each of the materials constituting the fireproof board are mixed in an optimal ratio of materials with high fire resistance, and a considerable degree of voids are formed in the finished fireproof board, thereby effectively blocking heat conduction. It is the result.
Claims (2)
13 to 17% by weight of a fire retardant composition containing 45 to 55% by weight of aluminum sulfate, 44 to 54% by weight of slaked lime, and 0.5 to 3% by weight of zirconium silicate and 30 to 34% by weight of cement, 45 to 49% by weight of rock wool, 1mm to 3mm in diameter Fireproof using a fire retardant composition formed by mixing 55 to 65% by weight of a board formulation containing 4 to 8% by weight of Styrofoam grains of, and 35 to 45% by weight of water to form a paste, then molding into a board shape, curing and drying board.
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