CN86209093U

CN86209093U - Four stringed instrument

Info

Publication number: CN86209093U
Application number: CN 86209093
Authority: CN
Inventors: 宋国生
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1986-11-15
Filing date: 1986-11-15
Publication date: 1987-07-01

Abstract

The utility model provides a ukulele, which is the improvement of the national bowed stringed instruments. The utility model is provided with a composite sound box which is composed of a tube and an auxiliary sound box; instrument bridges are single decodes positioned together. A bar and a column loudspeaker are arranged in the tube; the decodes contact with code feet; the contact between the skin and the decodes is rigid contact; the contact between an outer code foot and skin is flexible contact; the parallel vibration of the music wires are converted to fore and after vertical vibration of skin by instrument bridges; echo is produced by the sound box, sound is reflected back by a rear panel and transmitted out from sound windows. The utility model has the advantages that the diapason is wide, the tone color is ringing, the power of penetrating is high, etc. The music which can be played in different areas, nationalities, and different styles by four-string Gaohu (a Chinese folk music instrument), two-stringed Chinese fiddles, Zhonghu, Zhuihu, horse head string instrument, and Xiqin can be played by ukulele.

Description

Four stringed instrument

The utility model relates to a kind of national bowed stringed instrument.

The national bowed stringed instrument of China is with a long history, numerous in variety, is widely used.Especially instrument tamber grace, interesting to listen to such as urheen, high Hu is that solo, ensemble, accompaniment, (instrumental) ensemble all have stronger expressive force.But compare with the musical instrument that violin one class is advanced, have many weak points on the performance.Particularly narrower, the bow of range is not liberated, can not play shortcomings such as two strings, the comparatively complicated modern times composition skill and technique of national bowed stringed instrument performance application is composed, show modern people by a relatively large margin the melody that changes of thought be restricted, can not satisfy the requirement of the enjoing ability that people improve day by day, because national bowed stringed instrument exists deficiency and defective on performance, make as the happy system of organizing of bowstring of band's basis part not well established, the range of sound, tone color are connected undertighten, have hindered national orchestra to maximization, symphonyization, development of modernization.

In order to eliminate the deficiency of traditional national bowed stringed instrument on performance, people have done all effort, if any the employing way that increases effective chord length made " two very heavy urheen ", " two very heavy bowed stringed instrument with a thin wooden soundboard " etc., but bow is unresolved, range has also only increased pure four degree ranges relatively.What have has increased a string on two string bases, bow is still failed liberation, and range has just increased a pure fifth territory relatively.The biography of utilizing the phonograph head that the has principle of shaking has been made " removing from office qin greatly ", though bow has obtained thorough liberation, the range effect is better, can only be used for the bass qin, and be used on the high qin as " little leather qin " its effect just undesirable, and in moulding, also have some problems.The applicant had once designed a kind of " the new four-stringed bowed instrument of 60 type high pitchs " in nineteen sixty, had solved the problem of liberation bow under the situation that does not change the pronunciation principle basically, but because the restriction of qin tube, bow still can not be wiped moving near the qin sign indicating number.High position is undesirable.And string resonance is many slightly, and its effect can not be satisfactory.Therefore, the range of thorough liberation bow, the national bowed stringed instrument of expansion, making its peculiar tone color that had both kept the traditional national bowed stringed instrument, can adapt to the performance requirement of modernization, maximization, symphonyization again, is the central issue that current national bowed stringed instrument reform needs solution.

The purpose of this utility model is that national bowed stringed instrument is carried out basic reform, and a kind of string bow thorough liberation, range broadness are provided, and has both kept the peculiar tone color of traditional national bowed stringed instrument, can adapt to the ukulele of modernization, maximization, symphony performance requirement again.

Ukulele has prosopyle central authorities slightly height, the gradually low qin tube in both sides, and its central authorities slightly eminence have the sound beam that the qin skin is divided into two qin skin inclined-planes.The qin sign indicating number is made up of the separate double sign indicating number, one yard pin of qin sign indicating number is that rigidity contacts with the qin skin, another yard of qin sign indicating number pin contacts for flexible with the qin skin, the bow of liberation come and go to be wiped moving string along being roughly parallel to qin skin plane, and string is done to be parallel to the front and back vertical vibration that qin sign indicating number that the vibration on qin skin plane forms by the separate double sign indicating number changes into the qin skin and made the qin sounding.

Its concrete structure is that eminence is omited along y direction dress summation tone beam (13) by qin tube (5) prosopyle central authorities, and sound beam two ends are fixedly connected on the qin tube sidewall.Two inclined-planes about qin tube prosopyle Meng Qinpi (6), qin skin are divided into by the sound beam, the qin sign indicating number of being made up of the separate double sign indicating number (10) places on the qin skin of sound Liang Chu side by side, and dicode adjacent code pin is rigidity with the qin skin and contacts, and two outer sign indicating number pin of dicode are flexible with the qin skin and contact.

Ukulele has one to pay the below that audio amplifier (7) is positioned at the qin tube, paying audio amplifier top tank wall is connected with the qin tube, its deutostoma and qin tube deutostoma constitute the complex tone case by same backboard (14) sealing, and the qin tube has sound door (15) to be communicated with paying between audio amplifier, and a pair audio amplifier prosopyle is provided with sound window (17) sound is spread out of.

Sound column (16) is housed in the string tube, and sound column one end contacts with the sound beam, and the other end contacts with backboard, and sound column is fixed in the qin tube by sound beam, backboard pinching.Bow is wiped moving string makes the qin skin carry out the front and back vertical vibration by the qin sign indicating number, and sound beam, sound column drive backboard and the qin barrel vibrates simultaneously, thereby has strengthened sound of musical instrument.

For the ease of playing the erhu and play, paying in the audio amplifier has push rod (18), and push rod one end contact with the qin barrel, and its other end passes a pair audio amplifier wall and stretches out case and connect with qin holder (8) outward.

Accompanying drawing is a structural drawing of the present utility model, further specifies below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is the overall appearance structural drawing of ukulele.

Fig. 2 is that qin tube, pair audio amplifier connect and cut-away view.

Fig. 3 is qin sign indicating number, sound beam, sound column assembly structure figure.

There is a scroll head (1) with certain moulding qin bar (3) upper end, scroll head and capotasto have the string groove between (on fingerboard top), two pegs of string groove left and right sides Ge An (2), fingerboard (4) is fixedly connected on qin bar front, and the top that certain angle inserts qin tube (5) is pressed in qin bar lower end.Qin tube ovalize also can be made into other shapes, and qin tube prosopyle central authorities are slightly high, and both sides are gradually low, and sound beam (13) is installed along y direction by prosopyle central authorities slightly eminence, and sound beam two ends are fixed on the qin tube.Two inclined-planes about qin tube prosopyle Meng Qinpi (6) sound beam is divided into the qin skin.Pay audio amplifier (7) upper end and be connected with the qin barrel, qin tube deutostoma is sealed by same backboard (14) with the deutostoma of paying audio amplifier and forms the complex tone case.The qin tube has sound door (15) to be communicated with paying between audio amplifier, the qin sign indicating number of being made up of two individual code places on the qin skin, the adjacent code pin of two individual code places on the qin skin of sound Liang Chu, being rigidity with the qin skin contacts, two outer sign indicating number pin of individual code are flexible with the qin skin and contact, sound column (16) one end conflict sound beams, its other end conflict qin backboard utilizes the pinching effect to be fixed in the qin tube, and paying the audio amplifier prosopyle has sound window (17).Push rod (18) is positioned at pays audio amplifier, and push rod one end and qin barrel even touch, and its other end passes a pair audio amplifier wall and connects with qin holder (8).String (11) utilizes peg and tailpiece (9) to tighten.Respectively have two strings to pass through on two individual code of qin sign indicating number (10), the string spacing is identical.

When playing ukulele, draw the national bowed stringed instrument of qin posture and transmission basic identical, with two leg clamping qin holders, the bow (12) of having liberated comes and goes and wipes moving string along being similar to qin surface direction, string does to be parallel to the vibration of qin surface, change into the front and back vertical vibration of qin skin by the qin sign indicating number, drive backboard and side plate vibration by sound beam, sound column simultaneously.The qin tube and pay an audio amplifier produce simultaneously altogether toot, through the reflex of backboard sound is passed to the external world by the sound window.

Ukulele has increased the vibration of backboard and qin tube sidewall paneling, has changed the deutostoma sounding of traditional national bowed stringed instrument.Owing to adopt the complex tone box structure, thereby increased the reflex of backboard, side plate greatly.Make the volume of qin all bigger, and treble does not have the volume relaxation phenomenon than general traditional musical instruments such as urheen, middle Hu and violin.

Its advantage is the range broadness, and megaphonia is lucid and lively, and penetration power is strong, and the fortune bow is convenient, presses gd ¹a ¹e ²Tune up, the same with violin, its range reaches four octaves, is equivalent to high Hu, urheen, three musical instruments of middle Hu.

Secondly, expressive force is abundant, and it can be played to remove and scratch the multiple violin skill of pressing any high Hu, urheen, the middle Hu skill outside the string and comprising two strings of various intervals.It has kept national bowed stringed instrument epithelium vibration sensitive characteristics, and combines the PROG program of multiple national bowed stringed instrument.Therefore, can play the melody of different regions that musical instruments such as high Hu, bowed stringed instrument with a thin wooden soundboard, urheen, middle Hu, bowed instrument, matouqin, Xi Qin can play, different nationalities, different-style.

Ukulele not only can make full use of modern composition in the solo art and modern performing technique is expressed various thoughts and feelings significantly, and can bring into play bigger effect in the (instrumental) ensemble art.Adapt to the requirement of national orchestra to modernization, maximization, symphony development.

Claims

1, a kind of national bowed stringed instrument, it is by scroll head (1), qin bar (3), fingerboard (4), peg (2), qin tube (5), string (11), qin sign indicating number (10), tailpiece (9), the bow (12) of Qin Tuo (8) and liberation constitutes, it is characterized in that said qin tube is central slightly high, both sides are gradually low, two inclined-planes about qin tube central authorities summary eminence has sound beam (13) that the qin surface is divided into, and said qin sign indicating number is made up of the separate double sign indicating number, independent dicode places on the qin skin side by side, dicode adjacent code pin is positioned on the qin skin of sound Liang Chu, is rigidity with the qin skin and contacts, and two outer sign indicating number pin of dicode are flexible with the qin skin and contact.

2, by the described national bowed stringed instrument of claim 1, it is characterized in that there is the audio amplifier (7) of paying qin tube below, pay the audio amplifier top and be connected that the deutostoma of paying audio amplifier and qin tube is sealed by same backboard (14) with the qin barrel, the qin tube has sound door (15) to be communicated with a pair audio amplifier, and paying an audio amplifier prosopyle has sound window (17).

3, by claim 1 or 2 described national bowed stringeds instrument, it is characterized in that sound column (16) is arranged in the qin tube, sound column one end contacts with the sound beam, the sound column other end contacts with qin backboard wall, sound column is fixed in the qin tube chamber by sound beam, backboard pinching, push rod (18) is arranged in the said pair of audio amplifier, and push rod one end contacts with the qin barrel, and its other end passes a pair audio amplifier wall and connects with the qin holder.

4, by the described national bowed stringed instrument of claim 1, it is characterized in that respectively having two strings to pass through on two individual code of said qin sign indicating number, the string spacing is identical.