CN86105838A - 陶瓷件及其生产方法和模具 - Google Patents

陶瓷件及其生产方法和模具 Download PDF

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CN86105838A
CN86105838A CN86105838.0A CN86105838A CN86105838A CN 86105838 A CN86105838 A CN 86105838A CN 86105838 A CN86105838 A CN 86105838A CN 86105838 A CN86105838 A CN 86105838A
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弗拉迪米尔·库比塞克
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Sulzer AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/04—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of ceramic; of concrete; of natural stone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/32—Packing elements in the form of grids or built-up elements for forming a unit or module inside the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/26—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by slip-casting, i.e. by casting a suspension or dispersion of the material in a liquid-absorbent or porous mould, the liquid being allowed to soak into or pass through the walls of the mould; Moulds therefor ; specially for manufacturing articles starting from a ceramic slip; Moulds therefor
    • B28B1/261—Moulds therefor
    • B28B1/262—Mould materials; Manufacture of moulds or parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/34—Moulds, cores, or mandrels of special material, e.g. destructible materials
    • B28B7/342—Moulds, cores, or mandrels of special material, e.g. destructible materials which are at least partially destroyed, e.g. broken, molten, before demoulding; Moulding surfaces or spaces shaped by, or in, the ground, or sand or soil, whether bound or not; Cores consisting at least mainly of sand or soil, whether bound or not
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/34—Moulds, cores, or mandrels of special material, e.g. destructible materials
    • B28B7/344—Moulds, cores, or mandrels of special material, e.g. destructible materials from absorbent or liquid- or gas-permeable materials, e.g. plaster moulds in general
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/32—Details relating to packing elements in the form of grids or built-up elements for forming a unit of module inside the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
    • B01J2219/322—Basic shape of the elements
    • B01J2219/32203—Sheets
    • B01J2219/3221—Corrugated sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/32—Details relating to packing elements in the form of grids or built-up elements for forming a unit of module inside the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
    • B01J2219/322—Basic shape of the elements
    • B01J2219/32203—Sheets
    • B01J2219/32213—Plurality of essentially parallel sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/32—Details relating to packing elements in the form of grids or built-up elements for forming a unit of module inside the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
    • B01J2219/324—Composition or microstructure of the elements
    • B01J2219/32425—Ceramic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24149—Honeycomb-like
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24628—Nonplanar uniform thickness material
    • Y10T428/24661—Forming, or cooperating to form cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24628—Nonplanar uniform thickness material
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    • Y10T428/24694—Parallel corrugations
    • Y10T428/24711—Plural corrugated components
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24628—Nonplanar uniform thickness material
    • Y10T428/24669—Aligned or parallel nonplanarities
    • Y10T428/24694—Parallel corrugations
    • Y10T428/24711—Plural corrugated components
    • Y10T428/24719—Plural corrugated components with corrugations of respective components intersecting in plane projection

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Abstract

本陶瓷件实质上是由两层大体与该件轴向横截伸展的隔层组成，在相邻的隔层之间至少有两处相粘接，该件是用浇铸法制成为一体的。

Description

本发明与一种陶瓷件有关，更具体地说，是与物质传递或热交换器、混合机、隔离装置或诸如此类设备使用的陶瓷密封件有关。这种密封件至少由两层大体上与陶瓷件轴向横截展开的隔层组成，在相邻的两隔层之间至少保证有一个粘接部位。本发明还涉及制造这种陶瓷件的方法和模具。
为制造上述这种陶瓷件，首先需要生产出单个隔层并把它们结合到一起，即用胶泥状陶瓷材料将隔层粘接烧结，或用其它材料如塑料粘接。
然而，这种方法的缺点是耗费工时较多而且由于材质均匀性差，使零件强度、耐蚀性等不够理想。
本发明的目的就是要保证上述陶瓷件强度最高和耐蚀性最好，同时提供一种能生产复杂的多层结构件的、组装一步即可完成的节省工时的方法和模具。
上述问题可通过下述特征和方法来解决：
1.陶瓷件，更具体地说是用于物质传递或热交换器，混合机或隔离器，以及诸如此类设备的陶瓷密封件，至少由两层大体上横截零件轴向面铺开的隔层组成，在相邻的隔层之间至少有一个粘接体，其特征是陶瓷件和粘接物被铸成一体。
2.所述的陶瓷件，其特征是各隔层是层状的波形结构。
3.所述的陶瓷件，其特征是相邻隔层的波谷互呈横向展开。
4.所述的陶瓷件，其特征是相邻隔层的波谷互成90°延伸。
5.所述的陶瓷件，其特征是用柱状粘接体将每层铸连在一起。
6.所述的陶瓷件，其特征是隔层间有通道。
7.所述的陶瓷件，其特征是各隔层的表面有一定特征。
8.所述的陶瓷件的生产方法其特征是把含有陶瓷组成的浆液注入一个由许多排水材料作成隔层的模型中，悬浆液通过模中槽孔均匀分布在隔层中，并通过模子把水从浆液中排出，直到各隔层间的型腔仅剩下陶瓷材料为止，随后把模型和陶瓷材料装入用于干燥和烘烤或烧结的炉内，把模子点燃，充分挥发，不留残渣。
9.所述的完成上述工艺所采用的模具，其特征是用多层纤维结构堆垛以形成模腔。
10.所述的模具，其特征是层状结构中有为悬浆液流通相连的通道，以便使粘接体浇铸成型。
11.所述的模型，其特征是多层结构中有隔板。
12.所述的模型，其特征是隔板是平整结构上的凸出物。
按这种方式，把含有陶瓷组分的悬浆液沿模层间空隙铺开或流入型腔，同时用同质材料进行粘接。陶瓷件经烧结就生产出用同质材料粘接的、无需耗费大量时间精整的复杂多层结构件。
本发明将结合以下数图参照实施例详作说明。
其中：
图1是根据本发明的陶瓷件的局部截取的透视图。
图2是与陶瓷件相搭配的模具透视图。
图3是图2中的模具充填陶瓷悬浆液或陶瓷材料后某一截面的俯视图。
图4是按照图3所示装有松动的隔板的一种实施例。
将一对对有吸水能力的纤维模壳或图2所示的硬纸板夹层10、12;14、16;18、20堆垛成层，构成型腔22，24，26（见图3）。各型腔之间用通道28相连。各隔层间用隔块30隔开。隔层之间的型腔32起着排水沟的作用。模型（见图2）具有一浇口34。
为了使用这种方法，模具装有坡面（图中没有显示），将30%陶土、25%长石、15%石英、28%水以及约1.5%苏打组成的稠悬浆液从浇口34注入模型。悬浆液经过通道28从一层流到另一层，最后把夹层之间的型腔填满。排水过程乃是液体先从悬浆液中分离出来，接着被纸板吸收。把模型放入干燥、烧结炉中（无示图），在70℃左右经约6小时干燥，将湿气排出，而空腔32同时帮助排气。在干燥过程结束时，将模型加热到约1100℃-1400℃的焙烧温度，保温3小时，把燃气排尽，直到仅剩下如图1中的陶瓷件成品为止。
陶瓷件由许多波形面11，13，15组成，各面的波谷11′，13′，15′互呈90°沿横向伸展。用图1中的35表示隔层与隔层之间的柱状粘接体。陶瓷件的轴向用33表示。粘接体35与通道28相对应。
在图4的变化中，把松弛插入的松动的硬纸棒或硬纸板当作隔板36。在图中所示的情况下，型腔32已被填充。
当然，波型隔层11，13，15的表面可有各种表面结构，例如，各种形状的通孔和（或）通道，或按预定样式和（或）粒度大小，使表面粗糙不平。这可对模型进行适当处理即能获得。
隔层和（或）模壳可用熟悉的方法生产，如将机制的木材纸浆、胶和水组成的浆液经真空成形、烘干，制成隔层。隔层或模壳也可用塑料，如泡沫聚苯乙烯（即StyroporR）制造。例如采用聚苯乙烯可使隔层多孔，或具有吸气性，或为排水提供通道，以便排出液体。
粘接处当然也可以是条形或呈楔形，并互相固定住，而不用柱状粘接体。
而且隔板36也可与隔层或模壳连成一体制得。另外，模型不一定非要用有机材料制造，也可用含有燃烧后作为残存物的无机材料制造。

Claims (12)

1、陶瓷件，更具体地说是用于物质传递或热交换器，混合机或隔离器，以及诸如此类设备的陶瓷密封件，至少由两层大体上横截零件轴向面铺开的隔层组成，在相邻的隔层之间至少有一个粘接体，其特征是陶瓷件和粘接物被铸成一体。
2、根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷件，其特征是各隔层是层状的波形结构。
3、根据权利要求2所述的陶瓷件，其特征是相邻隔层的波谷互呈横向展开。
4、根据权利要求3所述的陶瓷件，其特征是相邻隔层的波谷互成90°延伸。
5、根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷件，其特征是用柱状粘接体将每层铸连在一起。
6、根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷件，其特征是隔层间有通道。
7、根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷件，其特征是各隔层的表面有一定特征。
8、根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷件的生产方法其特征是把含有陶瓷组成的浆液注入一个由许多排水材料作成隔层的模型中，悬浆液通过模中槽孔均匀分布在隔层中，并通过模子把水从浆液中排出，直到各隔层的型腔仅剩下陶瓷材料为止，随后把模型和陶瓷材料装入用于干燥和烘烤或烧结的炉内，把模子点燃，充分挥发，不留残渣。
9、根据权利要求1所述的完成上述工艺所采用的模具，其特征是用多层纤维结构堆垛以形成模腔。
10、根据权利要求9所述的模具，其特征是层状结构中有为悬浆液流通相连的通道，以便使粘接体浇铸成型。
11、根据权利要求9所述的模型，其特征是多层结构中有隔板。
12、根据权利要求11所述的模型，其特征是隔板是平整结构上的凸出物。
CN86105838A 1985-07-18 1986-07-17 陶瓷件 Expired CN1012720B (zh)

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CH3119/85A CH664552A5 (de) 1985-07-18 1985-07-18 Keramischer koerper sowie verfahren und form zur herstellung desselben.
CH03119/85-3 1985-07-18

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN109678515A (zh) * 2019-01-31 2019-04-26 邱洪 碳化硅陶瓷连续流反应器/冷凝器及其制造方法

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BR8603383A (pt) 1987-02-24
AR240774A1 (es) 1991-02-28
JP2523515B2 (ja) 1996-08-14
JPS6221772A (ja) 1987-01-30
CH664552A5 (de) 1988-03-15
EP0212202A1 (de) 1987-03-04
DE3663782D1 (en) 1989-07-13
AU6027986A (en) 1987-01-22
EP0212202B1 (de) 1989-06-07
AR240774A2 (es) 1991-02-28
CA1289461C (en) 1991-09-24
AU599918B2 (en) 1990-08-02
CN1012720B (zh) 1991-06-05
ATE43809T1 (de) 1989-06-15
MX168367B (es) 1993-05-20
US4917935A (en) 1990-04-17

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