CN86100996A - 改进的骨骼卡定器的储料筒 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一个骨骼卡定器的储料筒(21),当它从卡定器(10)取下时,保证没有卡钉(11)可以留在卡定器(10)内。此储料筒用一个可旋转的锁紧元件(66)夹持就位。此锁紧元件在一个位置上可以通过卡定器(10)的一个壁(61)中的一个孔(62),然后可以旋转而将储料筒(21)夹持就位。
Description
本发明涉及用于驱送卡钉装置的卡钉储料筒。
美国专利№4,540,110,№4,527,726及№4,500,025说明了与本申请中所述的基本上相同的骨骼卡定装置,但本申请具有许多新颖的设计特点。这些特点便于在外科手术时将卡钉驱送入骨骼部分。一般情况下,在上述这些申请及在本申请中所述的骨骼卡定器,都是那种适于采用U形卡钉的卡定器。卡定器包含有一个机壳,它有一条通道,从入口孔延伸到出口孔。这条通道便于引导一个卡钉从入口孔移动到出口孔。还备有一套装置能使一叠卡钉压入入口孔;还有一个驱送器,它有一个端部能伸入卡钉的中央部分。这个驱送器安装在机壳内,能从离入口处的上料工位给予一叠卡钉中的一个卡钉以滑动运动,使之进入通道;驱送器的端部推动着卡钉离开出口孔。滑动运动即在上料位置和射出位置之间进行。另外也提供一套手动操作驱送装置,以便快速而有力地将驱送器沿着通道从上料工位到射出工位将一枚卡钉从入口孔移动到出口孔并将其驱入在出口孔附近的骨骼部分。
在上述先有的申请中的新的特性包括有一个可移走的储料筒,它可以防止在卡定器中留下一枚卡钉,这枚卡钉如留在卡定器内,就可能由于疏忽而在储料筒取走后仍被驱入。在那个储料筒的筒壳上有导向壁装置,它在对着一个跟随器的一叠卡钉的端部设定了一个内表面;还有垂直于内表面而伸立的侧壁,这些侧壁在内表面上有相对的两个横孔。当储料筒装在卡定器上时,这些横孔是与通道对齐的。由导向壁装置所设定的内表面在入口孔处为驱送器形成了通道的一部分,使驱送器能穿过横孔并沿着内表面在其上料工位与射出工位之间运动。因为所有的卡钉在它们被驱送前都是留在储料筒内的,因而使用者可以确信当储料筒被取走时,所有的卡钉也都被取走了。
本发明提供了与上述型式大致相同的一个储料筒和一个卡定器,但它包含有新颖的附件装置,可以使储料筒与卡定器作可松卸式的装配。这些装置比起上述那些申请中所述的那些附件装置来,制造成本低,使用也大为方便。
根据本发明,提供了一个适用于驱送U形卡钉的卡定器上的储料筒。这种卡定器包括一个具有从一个入口孔延伸到出口孔的通道的机壳,此通道适于引导一个卡钉在这些孔之间移动;还有一个安装在机壳上作滑动运动的驱送器,为在离入口孔的上料工位向卡钉中的一个提供运动,使之移入通道,沿着通道将卡钉推到一个射出工位。在此位置,驱送器将卡钉推出出口孔。还有一套可手工开动的驱送装置,用来将驱送器沿着通道从上料工位推进到其射出工位。机壳包括有一个支持壁,它有一个内表面,在此内表面上设置了一个接口,此接口可在入口孔处纳入储料筒,此支持壁在内外表面之间有一个通孔。储料筒包括一个筒壳,筒壳有一个设定了内表面的导向壁及垂直于内表面的侧壁,侧壁上在内表面有相对的横孔。导向壁能被纳入接口,其内表面在入口孔形成了通道的一部分,同时它的横孔与通道相对齐,以便使驱送器通过孔并沿着内表面在上料工位及射出工位之间运动。储料筒还包括在筒壳内的一叠卡钉;一个对着通道、在一叠卡钉侧的跟随器,这个跟随器可以带着一叠卡钉在筒壳内运动;一个使跟随器及卡钉叠压向内表面的弹簧;还有一个新颖的附件装置,它适于用来将筒壳可松卸地与机壳相配合。这些附件装置包括一个安装在导向壁上的锁紧元件,它可以绕着垂直于内表面的轴旋转。此轴是从导向壁的一侧反着内表面伸出的,它有一个具有第一最大半径的分隔部分,它从导向壁伸出一段第一预定距离,此距离约等于支承壁内外表面之间的距离。此分隔部分具有第一最大半径,可以在支承壁的孔的第一中心部分进行旋转;并有一个锁紧部分,它至少有一个凸缘在第一部分的远端从最大半径再外伸。此凸缘能通过支持壁的通孔的第二部分,而使锁紧元件相对于筒壳处于松开的位置,此凸缘还能在其与松开位置相隔开的位置上与支承壁的第二个平面相配合,使储料筒保持在机壳上。
最好锁紧元件的锁紧部分有两个相对的凸缘,从分隔部分的最大半径处伸出,在支承壁的通孔中有两个相对的第二部分,它能使凸缘进入锁紧元件的松开部分;机壳中还包含有环绕在通孔的第二部分周边上的凸轮表面并与支承壁的外表面相交,以便当锁紧元件的分隔部分的主要部分处于孔内时,能使锁紧元件从其松开位置旋转到锁紧的位置。
上述及其它新的特性将结合附图加以叙述。在附图中,同样的数字代表同样的零件。这些附图是:
图1为骨骼卡定器的顶视图,其中包括了按本发明改进了的储料筒;
图2是图1的骨骼卡定器的侧视图;
图3是图1沿3-3线切取的放大截面图;
图4是图1沿3-3线切取的放大截面图,它与图3相似,但其中驱送装置已经动作,准备驱送一枚卡钉;
图5是大约沿图4的5-5线切取的放大截面图;
图6是图1的骨骼卡定器的圆桶部件的局部放大图,其中储料筒已移去;
图7是图6约沿7-7线切取的截面图;
图8是按本发明设计的储料筒的放大透视图,与图1至图4的卡定器图相参阅;
图9是图8所示的储料筒的垂直截面图;
图10是图9中约沿10-10线切取的截面图;
图11是图9中约沿11-11线切取的截面图。
现在参看图1至图4。图中所示为一个骨骼卡定器,卡定器上装有一个按本发明设计的储料筒21。此卡定器均用数码10表示之。
卡定器一般适用U形卡钉11(图11),每个卡钉11有一个中央部位12及两条通常是平行的腿部13,它们各有一个尖端,其伸出的方向一般是相同的,都是向着与中心孔部位相反的方向。腿部13最好能张开1或2度,以便使驱送的卡钉能在它所连接的骨骼部位提供一个压力效应。一般情况下,卡定器10包括一个手枪形的机壳14,它有一个通道16(图3及图4),此通道从一个入口孔18伸向一个出口孔20,这个通道能引导卡钉11中的一枚从入口孔18移向出口孔20,并使卡钉的尖端向着前方。还提供有一套装置,它能将存放在可更换的储料筒21中的一叠卡钉压向入口孔18。还有一个驱送器22,它有一个端部24,能伸入一枚卡钉11的中央部位,此驱送器是安装在机壳14上的,用来在一个上料工位(图3)与一个射出工位(图4)之间提供滑动运动。与入口孔相离的驱送器22,对卡钉11中的一枚卡钉提供运动,使之进入通道16,又用其端部24推动卡钉沿着通道到一个射出工位(图4)。在这个工位上,驱送器22的端部24将卡钉11推出出口孔20。同时,在这个射出工位上,驱送器也被止住了。还提供一套驱送装置,它包括一个气缸部件26,用大于大气压的空气对其传动,还可通过拉动一个操作触发器27到机壳的手柄部分25而进行手工开动,以便快速而有力地推动驱送器22沿着通道16从上料工位移动到射出工位,将卡钉11从入口孔18送到出口孔20。
驱送器包括:一个叶片状部分,它形成了端部24;一个圆柱形部分17,它在机壳14内的一个圆柱形导向孔19内运动,叶片形部分是用一个穿过圆柱部分17的扩大部分17a的销钉23与圆柱部分17相固定的。圆柱部分在导向孔19内以紧密滑配合进行滑动,并有通孔(末表示)可使空气从其前面逸走。
用来推进驱送器22的驱送装置包括:气缸部件26,它又包括气缸28,它是部分地由机壳14的圆柱形内表面29所形成的,此内表面29与导向孔19是同心的。内表面29在气缸28内有第一端面30及第二端面31;一个活塞32,它与驱动器22的对着端部24的另一端部是一个整体。此活塞32与圆柱形内表面29是可滑动的密封配合,它可以沿着内表面29在一个接近气缸28的第一端面30的第一位置(当驱动器22处于上料工位时,活塞32就处在这个第一位置,在机壳14及气缸28内的主弹簧33把活塞32压向这个第一位置)与一个接近气缸28的第二端面31的第二位置(当驱送器22处于射出工位时,活塞32就被定位在这个第二位置)之间运动。
对着活塞32的主弹簧33的端面是用一个导套35上的向内伸出的环形凸缘支承的。这个导套35还有一个向外伸出的边缘,它用一个锚环35b固定在机壳14内向内伸出的唇缘上,锚环与机壳14用螺纹相配合。向内伸出的凸缘的内表面是紧套在驱送器22上的,并带有一个定位于驱送器22的长槽35d中的销钉35c。这样,当驱送器22在上料工位与射出工位之间作纵向运动时,销钉c能防止驱送器相对于机壳14旋转。
用来开动气缸部件26的操作触发器27是包括在阀门部件34之内的。阀门部件34包括:机壳14,它有一个内孔,穿过它的手柄部分25的前面,在此内孔中装有一个导阀39,还有一个入口孔36以及与内孔沟通的第一及第二出口37及38;一个操作杆40,它与操作触发器27用一组螺钉(末示出)相连接。这个操作杆40可以用手动在导阀39内移动,在一个外面的锁紧位置(图3)到一个里面的开动位置(图4)之间移动。在锁紧位置时,在操作杆40上的环槽内的一个O形环41进入一个环形位置而关闭了进气口36,而在操作杆40上的一个小直径部位42与导阀39内表面之间的空隙将出气口37与38通过导阀39上的横向通道而接通。操作杆40处在里面的开动位置时,O形环离开环形位置,将进气口36与第一出气口37通过操作杆40上的小直径部分42相连,这时,操作杆40上直径较大的43部分严实地关闭了通向第二出气口38的导阀39上的横向通道。一个弹簧44提供了将操作杆40压向它的外面锁紧位置的装置。为了克服此弹簧44,操作杆40可以用手动移动,也可以借助于操作触发器27将其拉至开动位置。机壳14有一个排气通道46,它将气缸28的第二端面31附近处与第二出气口38相沟通,还可以与一根软管(末示)的一端相连接,以软管通过普通的手术空气入口联接器通向大气压空气。在机壳14上已形成了一个凹口的半承接端45。机壳14也有一个进气通道47,它包括一个扩大了的储气筒48(它可以提供足量的空气,以便快速推动活塞32),它与进气口36及一个较小的部分49相连接,能通过凹口半承接口45与大于大气压的空气源相连接。它还包括一个转送通道51,它与第一出气口37相连,并在气缸28的第一端面30的附近与气缸相沟通。这样,当卡定器10被操作触发器27开动时,亦即操作触发器27被拉入机壳14内,而使操作杆40移动到它的开动位置(图4)时,在储气筒48内以及来自气源的大于大气压的空气将流经进气口36,通过操作杆40上的小直径部分42,流出转送通道51而到达气缸28的第一端面30;而操作杆40上较大直径部分43则阻止大量的高压空气逸入排气通道46。当活塞32在高压空气的作用下,开始从它的第一位置向第二位置移动时,在活塞32与气缸28的第二端面31之间的空气将从排气通道46中流出,并经过一连接到凹口形半承接口45的软管(未示)而通入大气。当操作触发器27随接又释放时(图3),操作杆40在弹簧44的作用下回到其不开动的位置,这样进气口36被关闭,第一及第二排气口37及38通过操作杆40的小直径部分42而相连,因而高压空气可以从活塞32后面通过转送通道51、内孔35及排气通道46而逸出,而大气压的空气在需要时则可通过排气通道46而流到活塞32的前面。
储料筒21在图8至图11中看得最为清楚,它包括:一个筒壳54,它又有:一个导向壁55,此壁在一叠卡钉一侧形成了一个内表面56;垂直于内表面56的侧壁57;对着导向壁55的底壁53;侧壁57在靠近内表面56处有两个相对的横孔58。包括导向壁55轴的储料筒21的端部是容接在支承壁61的内表面上所形成的接口56内的。这个支承壁61是机壳14的一部分。安装时使横孔58与通道16在入口孔18处相对齐,以便使驱送器22能穿过横孔58并沿着内表面56在上料工位及射出工位之间运动。储料筒21还包括:一个跟随器60,它在一叠卡钉11的一侧,与内表面56和通道16相对。这个跟随器60可以在筒壳54内托着一叠卡钉运动;在筒壳54的底壁53与跟随器60之间有一个圈式弹簧15,它使跟随器60和一叠卡钉11压向内表面56。这样,当驱送器22在从上料工位到射出工位的运动中在穿过横孔58并沿着内表面56运动时,驱送器22将带走一枚卡钉11,这枚卡钉是由弹簧15及跟随器60压向内表面56的。当取走储料筒时,储料筒21将带走所有留在卡定器10内的卡钉11,因此当取走储料筒21时,不可能因为疏忽大意而从卡定器10中射出一枚卡钉。
使储料筒21可以松卸地卡夹在机壳14的接口59上的装置是由支承壁61提供的(在图6、7上看得最清楚)。这个支承壁61在形成接口59的内表面及一个外表面63之间有一个通孔62,外表面63通常与接口59底的内表面是平行的。这个通孔62有一个圆形中心第一孔部64以及两个一般是U形且彼此相对的第二孔部65,它们位于中心孔部64的两侧。储料筒21(图8至图11看得最清楚)有一个安装在导向壁55上的锁紧元件66,用来绕一般是垂直于内表面56的轴作旋转,此元件从导向壁55对着内表面56的一侧伸出,它有一个第一最大半径的分隔部分68,它从导向壁55伸出一段第一预定距离,此距离大致等于支持壁61的内表面和外表面之间的距离,并以其第一最大半径在中心第一孔部64内给分隔部分68以旋转。锁紧元件还有一个锁紧部分,它至少有一个凸缘,或如图所示是两个凸缘70,从分隔部分68的远端,从其最大半径处再向外伸出。这些凸缘70能通过孔62的第二孔部65,而使锁紧元件66相对于筒壳54处于一个松开的位置。这些凸缘有一个靠近支承壁61的表面。当锁紧元件66离开松开工位后,这个凸缘表面就贴在支承壁的外表面63上,使储料筒夹持在机壳14的接口59上。
如图6及7所示,机壳14最好在环绕孔62的每个第二部分65外,各有一个凸轮表面72。这些凸轮表面72与支承壁61的外表面63相交,它们便于使锁紧元件66从其松开位置旋转到一个位置,此时凸缘70可以沿着支承壁61的外表面63转动,而锁紧元件66的分隔部分68则在孔62内。在这样旋转时,在凸缘70及凸轮表面72之间的贴合能使储料筒21牢固地拉入接口59,可以免除使用者在转动锁紧元件66以前将储料筒21全部压到那个位置的必要性。
在图8至11中可以看得很清楚,储料筒21包括:一叠卡钉11、圈式弹簧15及四个塑压件。这些塑压件制成跟随器60、导向壁55及一个杯形元件。此杯形元件包括侧壁57及底壁53,它们与导向壁55熔结在一起,形成了筒壳54。储料筒21还包括一个锁紧元件66,这个锁紧元件66在其与凸缘70相反的那一端有一个环形的凸缘73,这个环形凸缘73装在导向壁55的内表面56的凹口中并可以在其中转动。导向壁55有一个孔,其形状做成可以使锁紧元件66的凸缘70及分隔部分68通过此孔,只要稍稍倾斜导向壁55的中央部分即可使锁紧元件通过。导向壁55规定了孔的中央部分。导向壁55的这个中央部分将扩大为一个环绕着锁紧元件66、靠近环形凸缘73的线槽74。当锁紧元件66相对于导向壁56自由转动时,导向壁55就保持在这个环形凸缘73之中。
跟随器60背着卡钉11的一侧有一圆形凹口,在此装入弹簧15的大端,而弹簧15较小的一端则处在底壁53上凸起的小柱75上。弹簧15在跟随器60和底壁53之间,是锥形的。这样可以缩小施加于卡钉11的压力变化范围。当卡钉叠高度减小时,压力也会降低。弹簧15做成锥形也是为了使其压缩高度为最小,从而可以使储料器21的高度为最小。
跟随器60的导向装置是由侧壁57上的槽76提供的。侧壁57与导向壁55呈直角布置。跟随器60的边缘上所形成的侧靴与槽76内的滑道相配合。从底壁53伸出两个平行的销钉78,穿在跟随器60的孔内。在跟随器60的两侧的靴部77有两个向上伸出的部分,以防止当最后一个卡钉从储料筒21中射出时,跟随器60会被推入驱送器22的通道。
骨骼卡定器10有连锁装置,可以自动防止驱送器22从一个在上料工位与射出工位之间的中间位置移动到上料工位。中间位置是驱送器22在从上料位置移动到射出位置以后退回时所处的一个位置。此时驱送器22的一个部分有一部分穿过储料筒21,并越过入口孔18而到了通道16。有了这样的连锁装置,当驱送器22最初处于上料工位时,就可以在第一次用手动开动驱送装置,亦即拉开操作触发器27,以便将一枚卡钉11送出出口孔20,然后还可以接着再用手工拉开几次操作触发器27的方法开动几次驱送装置,使驱送器22可以再次推进到它的射出工位以进一步撞碰已驱送的卡钉,因为有时可能需要把这枚已驱送的卡钉11完全卡定到位而不要从储料筒21驱送另一枚新的卡钉11。骨骼卡定器还包括一个重置装置,此装置用一个重置元件或重置触发器79进行手工开动,以便重新置定连锁装置,从而可使驱送器22从其中间位置回到上料工位,以便驱送另一枚卡钉11。
骨骼卡定器10的连锁装置包括:一个柱塞80,它安装在机壳14的内孔中,可作轴向滑动,此内孔在气缸28的第一端面30处与气缸28相通。柱塞80沿着与气缸28的轴相垂直的方向运动。柱塞80从一个不伸入气缸28的非锁紧位置(图3)到在弹簧81的压力作用下,部分伸入气缸28的锁紧位置(图4)之间运动。这样柱塞80与靠近气缸28的第一端面30处的活塞32的侧面之间的距离就决定了活塞32的中间位置。当活塞32在其第一位置亦即相当于驱动器22的上料工位时,活塞32的外表面将档住柱塞80,使其处于不锁紧的位置,并顶住弹簧81的压力(图3)。当活塞32从它的第一位置移向其第二位置,亦即相当于驱送器22的射出位置时,则柱塞80将在弹簧81的作用下自动进入到锁紧位置(图4),这就防止了活塞32回到它的第一位置,从而防止了驱送器22回到它的上料工位,直到用重置触发器79开动重置装置为止。
重置装置包括:重置触发器79,它用一组螺钉(未表示)固定在一根轴83的外端部,轴83装在套筒82中并可在其中滑动。套筒82装在一个穿过机壳14的手柄部分25的前半部的内孔中,它可以在一个外面位置(图3及4)及一个里面位置(未示)之间作纵向滑动。重置装置还包括:弹簧形装置85,它把重置触发器79压向外面的位置;在轴83上的凸轮装置;重置触发器79,它使柱塞80从其锁紧位置克服弹簧81的压力而向非锁紧位置移动,这是通过重置触发器79用手动使轴83从外面位置移动到里面位置而达到的;凸轮装置包括在轴83内端的一个半球形轴尖88以及一个相对于柱塞80轴线呈倾斜的表面89,柱塞80部分有槽,轴尖88伸入此槽内以防止柱塞80旋转。柱塞80中的槽有足够的长度,以便在驱送器22向其射出工位移动后,在弹簧81的作用下,使柱塞80从非锁紧位置向锁紧位置移动提供一个运动量。当柱塞80处于锁紧位置时,重置触发器79可以用手动将其拉向机壳14的手柄部分25,它可使轴尖88进入到斜面89,这样柱塞80就会被拉回到非锁紧位置,这将允许活塞32回到它的第一位置,并使驱送器22在主弹簧33的作用下回到其上料工位。
骨骼卡定器10设计成可以驱送不同尺寸的卡钉。为此,它由两件可分开的部件构成。其中一件是手柄部件91,它包括装在机壳14的一个零件中的驱送装置;还有一件是圆桶部件92,它置定了通道16,并能装入为某一种尺寸的卡钉而设置的储料筒21,圆桶部件装在机壳14的另一个零件上。备有一套装置可以把机壳14的这两个零件可拆地装配在一起。驱送器22也可以分为第二零件93和第一零件94两部分。第二零件93包括在手柄部件91中,并与活塞32相连接;第一零件94包括它的端部24,是包括在圆桶部件92中的。不同的圆桶部件可以取代圆桶部件92以便驱送不同尺寸的卡钉。这些不同的圆桶部件各有一个置定了通道的壳体零件和一个驱送器零件,并能接受为某一不同尺寸的卡钉而设置的储料筒。
还备有可以将驱送器的第一、二部分94、93可拆地装配在一起的装置,可以将手柄部件和圆桶部件91及92可拆地装配在一起的装置。这些装置包括:在驱送器22的第一零件94上背着它的端部24的壁,壁上设置有一个接口,接口的一个外面部分96具有方形截面,一个里面部分97具有圆形截面;驱送器22的第一零件94的端头,它包括一个远端的方形部分99,它可以穿过它的外面部分96,在接口内滑动,并可在其里面部分97内转动,使之与外面部分96错开(参见图5)。这些壁围绕着驱动器第一零件94的减径圆柱部分100而置定了外面部分96;包括在圆桶部件92中的机壳14的零件有一个在部件92的与出口孔20相反的端部上的环形垫圈101,它被置在包括在手柄部件91中的机壳14的零件上的一个接口中,端头的方形部分99与形成接口的壁的外面部分96互相错开而不对齐。还有四个均匀分布、径向向外伸出的销钉102,它们固定在环形垫圈101上,并伸入到穿过包括在手柄部件91中的机壳零件的端部的、在长度方向延伸的槽孔内,借助于装在包括在手柄部件91之内的机壳零件上以便绕着它的轴线旋转的一个环103上的钩子105,与销钉102相配合,能将手柄部件91与圆桶部件92可松卸地锁紧在一起。这样圆桶部件92可以位于不同的方位,这些方位相对于手柄部件91。相互之间彼此相差90°,这就可以提供不同的相对于机壳14的手柄部分25的方位来驱送卡钉11。为了将手柄部件与圆桶部件91与92彼此松开,环103克服一个圈形弹簧104的压力而旋转,以便使钩子105从围绕销钉102的地方移开。手柄部件和圆桶部件91和92沿着驱送器22的轴线拉开,它把销钉102从容纳它们的槽中拉出来,并把机壳14在圆桶部件92上的零件沿着驱送器22拉开,直到在机壳14上那个零件上的一个向内伸出的唇边(未示)进入到驱送器22靠近活塞32处的加粗部分17的端部为止。在这个位置上,一个由驱送器部分17所带的一个销钉107a被一个弹簧107b所移动,以致一个珠子107c将被移入机壳14的一个槽子中,它的进入将使柱塞端23在手柄部件及圆桶部件91及92分开以后不致进入导向内孔19之内。然后将手柄部件及圆桶部件91及92沿驱送器22的轴相对转动约45°,使端头的方形部分99与接口的外面部分96彼此对齐,这样端头就能从接口拉出,这样部件91与92就可以分开了。如要将手把部件与圆桶部件91及92再装配起来,就可以按与上述步骤相反的步骤来完成。它将使围绕接口的在驱送器22的第一零件92的端部的一个凸轮表面克服弹簧107b而移动销钉107a,从而松开驱送器22。在把销钉102压入槽内后,在钩子105上的凸轮表面105b将使环形垫圈101自动旋转而使钩子105绕着销钉102卡入。
这个骨骼卡定器10还包括一种装置,它可以指示准备开动卡定器10的使用者,驱送器22是处于上料工位、有一个卡钉11可以驱送呢,还是驱送器正处于中间位置。一个指示卷轴106安装在一个可取下的柱塞108上,卷轴106本身可沿中心轴移动。柱塞108形成了机壳14在气缸28的第一端面30处的一部分。指示卷轴106可以在内、外两个位置之间移动。卷轴106在内部位置时,它在外端有一个法兰盘109对着柱塞108的外表面,指示卷轴106被一个弹簧110压向柱塞108。卷轴106在外部位置时,它靠近法兰盘109的漆成红色的一部分就从柱塞108处向外伸出。活塞32在其靠近气缸28的第一端面30处有一个从中心伸出的带头销钉112,围绕此销钉112有一个可滑动的垫圈114,一个弹簧113将垫圈114压向销钉的头部。弹簧113比弹簧110具有更大的弹簧常数。当驱送器22处于上料工位时,销钉112的头部进入卷轴106的一个孔内,而垫圈114在弹簧113的作用下被压向靠近卷轴106的端头,使卷轴106移至其外部位置,在此位置,其红色的外表面指示:驱送器已处于其上料工位。当驱送器22从其上料位置移开时,指示卷轴106将在弹簧110的影响下移至其内部位置,从而向使用者指示,驱送器22处于中间位置。
现在叙述骨骼卡定器10由使用者操作的情况。假定存有一叠卡钉11的储料筒21已被锁紧元件66夹持在机壳14上。卡定器10已在凹口承接45接上了软管部件(未示),此软管部件包括接至进气通道47的一个压力大于大气压的空气源;一个接至排气通道46的将一个大气压的空气排入大气的外部软管。使用者可以利用一对带尖的定位元件130,将此元件固定在机壳14上,其位置正好填在出口孔20处,其伸出的方向一般是平行于驱送器22的轴线的,以此来帮助将被卡定在同一平面上的骨骼部分定位并使之稳定。当骨骼部分被这样定位后,可以用手动拉操作触发器27来开动卡定器10,这样大于大气压的空气被接通,通过储气器48,阀门部件34及转送通道51而送至气缸28的第一端面30,它使活塞32快速运动,从而使驱送器22从其离卡钉入口孔18处的上料工位(图3)穿过储料筒21,沿着它的内表面56,将一叠卡钉中最近的一枚卡钉11沿着通道16推到出口孔20处,驱送这枚卡钉11进入到附近的骨骼部分(图4)。由于活塞32与气缸28的第二端面31处的一个橡胶环垫131相碰而使驱送器22在其射出位置在出口孔20处被停了下来。当活塞32从气缸28的第一端面30移开时,柱塞80在弹簧81的作用下进入气缸28。这样,当操作触发器27被释放后,在气缸28的第一端面30处的高压空气通过转送通道51、阀门部件34及排气通道46逸至通向大气压的软管,而活塞32在弹簧33的作用下移向其第一位置,但活塞32将被柱塞80的外体所阻止,此时驱送器22的端部24处于伸入储料筒21的中间位置,因而在一叠卡钉11中的下一个卡钉111不能进入入口孔18而再至通道16。如有需要,例如可能需要进一步驱送或置定已驱送的卡钉11进入骨骼部分时,使用者还可以再次拉动操作触发器27而将驱送器22快速驱送至射出工位。
当使用者想要驱送第二枚卡钉11时,他可以拉动重置触发器79,它可使轴83的尖端88向斜面89移动,使柱塞80退出气缸28而处于非锁紧位置。这样,主弹簧33可以将活塞32推回到它的第一位置,从而使驱送器22回到它的上料工位,允许储料筒21中的最上面一枚卡钉11向储料筒21的内表面56移动而处于入口孔18处,因此可以接着用操作触发器27开动驱送机构,驱送这枚卡钉11。
如果使用者因为储料筒21已空,想把它取走;或想保证卡定器110不能再发射另一枚卡钉11;或者要塞入不同腿长13的卡钉时,他可以用手工将锁紧元件转到松开的位置,推一个或两个凸缘70,使其凸缘70与孔62的外面部分65对齐,然后将储料筒21从机壳14的接口中拉出来。他可以肯定不会有卡钉11留在此卡定器10内,因为全部剩余的卡钉(如果还有的话)都留在储料筒21中了。同一个或另一个新的卡钉11储料筒21可以再装到卡定器10上去。只要把储料筒21塞入机壳14的接口59中,然后旋转锁紧元件66,使其从松开的位置转回,使其凸缘70沿着凸轮表面72上转动,并将其置于支承壁61的外表面63上,使储料筒21全部拉入接口59,就可将它就地夹持住。
如果使用者想驱送一种沿其中心部位12的宽度不同的卡钉时,他可用一个适当的另一种不同的圆桶部件来取代现在使用的圆桶部件92。这个不同的圆桶部件适于存放那种宽度的卡钉11。这种更换是很容易完成的。只要转动锁紧环垫103,就能松开机壳14的两个零件,拉开并相对于驱送器22的纵轴线相互转动(如以前所详细叙述的那样),使驱送器22的第一零件94上的方形部分与驱送器22的第二零件93中所置定的纳入方形部分99的接口的壁的方形部分96相对齐,然后互相拉开机壳14的第一、第二零件及驱送器22,并从接口中拉出方形部分99,将它们分开。然后不同的圆桶部件就可以用逆行上述分离程序把它装到手柄部件91上去。
本发明现以一个装置加以叙述。应予重视的是:在储料筒21的结构及其它将其装入骨骼卡定器10的装置方面,在不脱离本发明的精神的情况下,还可进行许多改型及变化,例如锁紧元件的凸缘数可以多于或少于已叙述的那种元件。因此本申请书所申请的范围不应限于此处所述的卡定器的那一种结构,而只限于用申请的文字所说明的多种结构及其等同物。
Claims (2)
1、一种适用于一个卡定器上的储料筒,这种卡定器一般是用来驱送U形卡钉的;每枚卡钉有一个中心部位及两条通常是平行的腿部,腿部通常是朝着与其中心部位相反的同一方向伸出的,并均有尖端,这种卡定器包括:一个有通道的机壳,该通道从一个入口孔伸向一个出口孔,能引导一个卡钉从入口孔向出口孔运动,运动时其腿部末端向着前方;一个驱送器,它的端部能进入该卡钉的中心部位,它安装在该机壳中,可以在上料工位离入口孔处给卡钉中的一枚以运动,使之进入通道,并沿着该通道用该端部推动卡钉到一个射出工位,在此,驱送器的端部将卡钉推出该出口孔;还有一套驱送装置,它可用手工操作,以推进该驱送器沿着该通道从该上料工位到该射出工位,将该卡钉从该入口孔移动到该出口孔;该机壳包括一个有一由表面的支承壁,此内表面上设有一个接口,能将该储料筒纳接在该入口孔处。该支承壁还有一个外表面,在该内外表面之间的一个通孔有一个第一孔部及在该第一孔部一侧的第二孔部;该储料筒包括一个筒壳;在筒壳内的一叠卡钉;在该叠卡钉一侧的一个跟随器,它可以带着该叠卡钉在该筒壳内运动;将该跟随器及该叠卡钉向上压的一个弹簧,其特征在于:该筒壳(54)包括一个导向壁(55),它形成一个内表面(56);侧壁(57)一般是垂直于内表面(56)伸出的;该侧壁(57)在该内表面(56)处有相对的两个横孔(58);该导向壁(55)能被纳入该接口(59)中,而该内表面(56)则形成了该通道(16)在该入口孔(18)处的一部分;该横孔(58)与该通道(16)对齐,以便该驱送器(22)能通过该横孔(58),并沿该内表面(56)在该上料位置与射出位置之间运动;该跟随器(60)位于该叠卡钉(11)的一侧,与该通道(16)处于相反的一侧;该弹簧(15)把该跟随器(60)及卡钉(11)压向该内表面(56);该储料筒(21)包括一个锁紧元件(66),它装在该导向壁(55)上,以便绕着通常是垂直于该内表面(56)的轴旋转,此轴从该导向壁(55)背对着该内表面(56)伸出;还有一个分隔部分(68),它有一个第一最大半径,且从该导向壁(55)伸出一段第一预定距离,此距离约等于该支承壁(61)的内外表面之间的距离;该第一最大半径为该分隔部分(68)在该孔(62)的第一部分(64)内提供旋转;锁紧元件(66)还有一个锁紧部分,它至少有一个凸缘(70),它从该最大半径处,在该分隔部分(68)的末端伸出,它可以通过该孔(62)的第二部分(65),而使该锁紧元件(66)相对于该筒壳(55)处于松开位置,它还有一个靠近该导向壁(55)的表面,它能进入到该支承壁(61)的第二表面,而处于与该锁紧元件(66)的该松开位置分开的另一个位置上,使储料筒(21)夹持在该机壳(14)上。
2、根据权利要求1的一种储料筒,其特征在于它的该锁紧部分有两个从该分隔部分(68)的最大半径处伸出的两个后方向的凸缘(70)。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US06/701,970 US4569469A (en) | 1985-02-15 | 1985-02-15 | Bone stapler cartridge |
US701,970 | 1985-02-15 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN86100996A true CN86100996A (zh) | 1986-09-10 |
CN1008686B CN1008686B (zh) | 1990-07-11 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CN86100996A Expired CN1008686B (zh) | 1985-02-15 | 1986-02-14 | 改进的骨骼卡定器的储料筒 |
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US (2) | US4569469A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0192418B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH0630841B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR930009712B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1008686B (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE79524T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU574560B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR8600561A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA1246411A (zh) |
DE (1) | DE3686427T2 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK174721B1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES8701571A1 (zh) |
HK (1) | HK28593A (zh) |
IE (1) | IE60974B1 (zh) |
IN (1) | IN165712B (zh) |
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US10211586B2 (en) | 2017-06-28 | 2019-02-19 | Ethicon Llc | Surgical shaft assemblies with watertight housings |
USD851762S1 (en) | 2017-06-28 | 2019-06-18 | Ethicon Llc | Anvil |
US10258418B2 (en) | 2017-06-29 | 2019-04-16 | Ethicon Llc | System for controlling articulation forces |
US10398434B2 (en) | 2017-06-29 | 2019-09-03 | Ethicon Llc | Closed loop velocity control of closure member for robotic surgical instrument |
US10796471B2 (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2020-10-06 | Ethicon Llc | Systems and methods of displaying a knife position for a surgical instrument |
US10765429B2 (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2020-09-08 | Ethicon Llc | Systems and methods for providing alerts according to the operational state of a surgical instrument |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US4569469A (en) | 1986-02-11 |
SG3193G (en) | 1993-03-12 |
SU1651776A3 (ru) | 1991-05-23 |
BR8600561A (pt) | 1986-10-21 |
DK72486A (da) | 1986-08-16 |
CA1246411A (en) | 1988-12-13 |
DK72486D0 (da) | 1986-02-14 |
EP0192418B1 (en) | 1992-08-19 |
USRE33362E (en) | 1990-10-02 |
AU574560B2 (en) | 1988-07-07 |
DE3686427D1 (de) | 1992-09-24 |
ES551908A0 (es) | 1986-12-01 |
IE60974B1 (en) | 1994-09-07 |
ES8701571A1 (es) | 1986-12-01 |
DK174721B1 (da) | 2003-10-06 |
IN165712B (zh) | 1989-12-23 |
JPS61188086A (ja) | 1986-08-21 |
DE3686427T2 (de) | 1993-02-25 |
CN1008686B (zh) | 1990-07-11 |
EP0192418A3 (en) | 1987-05-20 |
HK28593A (en) | 1993-04-02 |
JPH0630841B2 (ja) | 1994-04-27 |
AU5290186A (en) | 1987-06-18 |
KR930009712B1 (ko) | 1993-10-09 |
EP0192418A2 (en) | 1986-08-27 |
ZA861126B (en) | 1987-09-30 |
IE860230L (en) | 1986-08-15 |
KR860006252A (ko) | 1986-09-09 |
ATE79524T1 (de) | 1992-09-15 |
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