CN85100592B - 耐高温、长寿命恒温电烙铁头表面处理方法 - Google Patents

耐高温、长寿命恒温电烙铁头表面处理方法 Download PDF

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CN85100592B
CN85100592B CN85100592A CN85100592A CN85100592B CN 85100592 B CN85100592 B CN 85100592B CN 85100592 A CN85100592 A CN 85100592A CN 85100592 A CN85100592 A CN 85100592A CN 85100592 B CN85100592 B CN 85100592B
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plating
electric iron
iron head
surface treatment
treatment method
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CN85100592A (zh
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胡信国
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Abstract

一种恒温电烙铁头表面处理的方法,通过电镀法在烙铁头表面镀Ni-Fe/Ni-Fe-Al23/Ni-Fe-Al23(微量)镀层,使烙铁头具有良好的耐高温性能,延长使用寿命,对锡铅焊料有良好浸润性以致得到高质量的焊点。

Description

耐高温、长寿命恒温电烙铁头表面处理方法
本发明涉及焊接用烙铁头的表面处理方法。
普通用于焊接用烙铁头,一般用导热性能好的紫铜材料制成,焊接时粘锡铅焊料性能较好,此种电烙头的最大缺点是紫铜硬度低,不耐磨。在加温使用中,易与锡铅焊料在高温下形成易熔共晶,引起铜的热脆性,紫铜烙铁头耐助焊剂的性能差,容易被迅速腐蚀氧化以致削皮脱落。不仅烙铁头寿命很低,而且影响焊头质量,夹杂铜的腐蚀产物。
为了提高铜烙铁头的使用寿命,国内外有人做过很多努力,一般采用镀镍,镀铬。近年来还有采用镀铁或镀镍-二氧化硅金属陶瓷等处理方法。这些方法虽然可以使烙铁头的寿命延长,但是仍然满足不了要求,采用镀铁的烙铁头,在550℃恒温条件下连续用只能使用三天,约15000个焊点。若采用镀铁后再镀镍-二氧化硅的处理方法,虽然耐高温性能有所提高,在260-300℃下可持续使用一周,但对锡铅焊料的浸润性较差以致影响焊接效果,另一种处理方法是采用镀铁镍合金来提高烙铁头的耐高温寿命。但发现提高铁镍合金中的镍含量虽然耐高温性提高,但对锡铅焊料的浸润性明显下降。
本发明的特征是,先在烙铁头上镀镍铁合金,再镀Ni-Fe-Al2O3合金镀层,然后再镀Ni-Fe-Al2O3合金镀层,外层含Al2O3是微量的,这样就达到耐高温延长寿命又对锡铅焊料有较好浸润性的目的,外层为含Fe35%左右的镍铁合金和微量的Al2O3便有良好的沾锡性。
本发明的具体实施方法如下:
以型铜烙铁头→化学除油→热水洗→冷水洗→电解除油→热水洗→冷水洗→酸洗→冷水洗→镀镍铁合金→镀Ni-Fe-Al2O3复合镀层→镀镍铁合金含微量Al2O3→水洗→局部镀铬→水洗→热浸锡。其中镀Ni-Fe→镀Ni-Fe-Al2O3→镀Ni-Fe-Al2O3是在同一镀槽内进行。当零件刚入槽时,不搅拌镀液,镀层即为Ni-Fe含量。镀5分钟后开始搅拌溶液,使槽底部的Al2O3微粒均匀地悬浮于镀液中,这时Al2O3微粒与Ni-Fe共沉积形成耐磨耐高温的金属陶瓷复合镀层。电镀1小时后停止搅拌,停止搅拌后,还有少量的Al2O3微粒悬浮在镀口中,再连续电镀5分钟。由于Al2O3颗粒逐渐沉降,在外层形成主要是Ni-Fe和含有微量Al2O3镀层。这种在同一槽内形成内外三层镀层的工艺,具有操作简便易行的特点。
镀Ni-Fe-Al2O3复合镀层的溶液组成:
NiSO46H2O 140-220g/l,
FeSO4 30-50g/l,
NaCl 10-15g/l,
H3BO3 35-40g/l,
Al2O3(0.5-3.5μ) 15-30g/l,
十二烷基硫酸钠 0.1-0.3g/l,
pH 5-5.5,
温度 50-60℃,
电流密度 2-5A/dm2
镀三层复合层的烙铁头在550℃恒温条件下,连续使用一周,镀层未出现暴皮、腐蚀脱皮,且沾锡性能好。在550℃下恒温使用可达30万个焊点。不经此镀层的铜烙铁头仅可焊1.5万个焊点,单纯镀Ni-Fe或其它镀层的烙铁头也只能焊15万个焊点。

Claims (9)

1、焊接用烙铁头表面处理方法,其特征在于,烙铁头经化学除油→热水洗→冷水洗→电解除油→热水洗→冷水洗→酸洗→冷水洗后,电镀镍铁合金(不搅拌)→电镀Ni-Fe-Al2O3(搅拌)→电镀Ni-Fe-Al2O3(停止搅拌),电镀是在同一镀槽内完成的,其镀液组成为,
NiSO46H2O 140-220g/l,
FeSO4 30-50g/l,
NaCl 10-15g/l,
H3BO3 35-40g/l,
Al2O3(直径0.5-3.5μ) 15-30g/l,
十二烷基硫酸钠 0.1-0.3g/l,
电镀时,镀液pH为5-5.5,
温度为50-60℃,电流密度为2-5A/dm2
CN85100592A 1985-04-01 1985-04-01 耐高温、长寿命恒温电烙铁头表面处理方法 Expired CN85100592B (zh)

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CN85100592A CN85100592B (zh) 1985-04-01 1985-04-01 耐高温、长寿命恒温电烙铁头表面处理方法

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CN85100592A CN85100592B (zh) 1985-04-01 1985-04-01 耐高温、长寿命恒温电烙铁头表面处理方法

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CN85100592A CN85100592A (zh) 1986-10-08
CN85100592B true CN85100592B (zh) 1988-06-08

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1308496C (zh) * 2003-06-06 2007-04-04 吴化 一种提高金属表面耐高温和耐磨损的电沉积复合镀方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110616451B (zh) * 2019-06-21 2021-02-02 西南交通大学 一种增强硬质合金与金属焊接界面强度的方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1308496C (zh) * 2003-06-06 2007-04-04 吴化 一种提高金属表面耐高温和耐磨损的电沉积复合镀方法

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