CN2921800Y - Ultrashort pulse precision real-time measuring device - Google Patents
Ultrashort pulse precision real-time measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN2921800Y CN2921800Y CN 200620042600 CN200620042600U CN2921800Y CN 2921800 Y CN2921800 Y CN 2921800Y CN 200620042600 CN200620042600 CN 200620042600 CN 200620042600 U CN200620042600 U CN 200620042600U CN 2921800 Y CN2921800 Y CN 2921800Y
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- ultrashort pulse
- pulse
- ultrashort
- time measurement
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Abstract
An ultrashort pulse real-time measuring device relates to an optical switch measuring device for ultrashort pulse frequency discrimination, consisting of a beam splitter, a micro drive stand, a beam expanding device, a large-angle Fresnel biprism, a thick non-linear crystal, a cylinder-shaped lens, a diaphragm, a CCD detector and a computer. The utility model has the advantages of eliminating femtosecond pulse stretch, real-time measurement, compact structure, convenient light path adjustment, high measuring precision and low cost.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to ultrashort laser pulse, particularly a kind of super short pulse precision real time measuring device, and it is the be altogether unjustifiable ultrashort pulse measuring device of single-shot frequency resolution optical shoulder rotation of linear crystal of a kind of employing.
Background technology
Along with the develop rapidly of ultrashort laser pulse technology, the peak power of femtosecond pulse Da Taiwa (10 after amplifying
12Watt) more than.Ultrashort and the superpower characteristic of femto-second laser pulse makes it in physics, chemistry, and biology, medical science, and industrial circle is widely used, and is the strong instrument of research ultrafast phenomena and various non-linear phenomenas.
The development of femtosecond laser technology is not only depended on and the accumulation sexual development of laser technology itself is also had benefited from the improvement of measurement mechanism and the appearance of new method simultaneously.Accurate, the reliable and simple measuring method of femtosecond pulse has huge directive function to the laser pulse that produces the shorter duration.Simultaneously, the high research of various fillings realizes by the femtosecond pulse measuring technique under the femto-second laser pulse effect, and the characteristics such as time domain, frequency domain and transmission of accurately measuring femtosecond pulse can obtain the physical essence of femtosecond dynamic system response.
The pulse width of femtosecond laser is 10
-15Second-time, surpassed the response time scope that electrical method is measured, so generally adopt indirect measurement method, the light distribution of measuring the interference light second harmonic by the interference of two-beam pulse, and calculate the pulse width of tested femtosecond pulse by the light distribution of second harmonic.The femto-second laser pulse measuring method has a variety of, frequency resolution optical shoulder rotation (frequency-resolvedoptical gating wherein, be designated hereinafter simply as the FROG method) [referring to technology 1 " Frequency-Resolvedoptical Gating:The Measurement of Ultrashort Laser Pulses " Rick Trebino formerly, 2002Kluwer Academic Publishers] with relevant direct reconstruct method (the spectral phaseinterferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction in spectrum position, SPIDER) [referring to technology 2 " Spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction of ultrashortoptical pulses " C.Iaconis formerly, A.Walmsley, Optics Letters, Vol.23 Issue 10 1998] be the two kinds of more methods that adopt at present.
Fig. 1 is the measurement mechanism of existing frequency resolution optical shoulder rotation, and this device adopts semi-transparent semi-reflecting beam splitter.Frequency resolution optical shoulder rotation measurement mechanism basic structure is femtosecond pulse to be seen through semi-transparent semi-reflecting beam splitter be divided into two bundles, wherein a branch of as surveying light, another Shu Zuowei switch light, and will introduce a time delay τ by regulating micropositioner as the light beam of switch, and then allow the two-beam scioptics focus on nonlinear medium generation frequency inverted, obtaining the two-dimensional map (be called FROG Trace) of second harmonic intensity with respect to time and frequency by diaphragm, to collection of illustrative plates utilize amplitude that pulse iterative algorithm [referring to technology 1 formerly] just can obtain femtosecond pulse with mutually.The frequency resolution optical shoulder rotation will guarantee that two pulses have a delayed sequence, therefore can not measure in real time, catoptron is a lot of as seen from Figure 1 simultaneously, has increased light path and has regulated difficulty, owing to require two-beam, thereby can not judge positive and negative that incident pulse warbles about the crystal symmetry.Because the phase matching bandwidth requirement adopts extremely thin second harmonic crystal, process more complicated, influenced the intensity and the precision of measuring-signal simultaneously.Thereby common FROG method complicated operation not only, and price comparison costliness.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is exactly the deficiency that will remedy above-mentioned existing FROG method, a kind of ultrashort pulse real-time measurement apparatus is provided, this device should have eliminates the femtosecond pulse broadening, measurement in real time, compact conformation, the advantage that light path is easy to adjust, measuring accuracy is high and cost is low.
Technical solution of the present utility model is as follows:
A kind of ultrashort pulse real-time measurement apparatus, it is a kind of ultrashort pulse frequency resolution optical switch measurement mechanism, its formation comprises beam splitter, micropositioner, parallel beam expand device, wide-angle Fresnel double prism, the linear crystal of being altogether unjustifiable, cylindrical lens, diaphragm and ccd detector, its position relation is: when a ultrashort pulse light to be measured incides on the described beam splitter, it is 90 ° two-beam that this beam splitter is divided into angle with ultrashort pulsed beam, a branch of through second mirror reflects to parallel beam expand device, three mirror reflects of another bundle on described micropositioner is to parallel beam expand device, this two-beam is converted to a parallel beam and incides on the described wide-angle Fresnel double prism after parallel beam expand device expands bundle, this wide-angle Fresnel double prism is divided into two intersection light beams again with described parallel beam, this two intersections light beam is in the polymerization of the center of described nonlinear crystal, by first diaphragm, the cylindrical lens and second diaphragm, computing machine is delivered in imaging on described ccd detector then.
Described ultrashort laser pulse is the stretched pulse of titanium jewel oscillator output.
Described micropositioner is moved along the normal direction of the 3rd catoptron of this micropositioner by computer control one step motor drive.
The angle of described wide-angle Fresnel double prism is greater than 160 °.
Described parallel beam expand device is made of a plano-concave lens and biconvex lens.
The described linear crystal of being altogether unjustifiable is the barium metaborate crystal.
Described ultrashort pulse to be measured only guides to described beam splitter by first catoptron.
Described micropositioner can be adjusted the delay scope that wide-angle Fresnel double prism produces, and realizes the effect of positive and negative warble measurement and broadening measurement range; The main delay is to make pulse expand bundle by parallel beam expand device, and being divided into through wide-angle Fresnel double prism has the two-beam of mitre cross-coincidence in crystal, forms on the longitudinal axis and transverse axis position.Light beam is divided into two beam convergences in the linear crystal of being altogether unjustifiable through wide-angle Fresnel double prism, by diaphragm by the ccd detector imaging.
The course of work is as follows:
When a branch of ultra-short pulse laser to be measured incides on the beam splitter, it is 90 ° two-beam that this beam splitter is divided into angle with light beam, a branch ofly incide on the beam expanding lens through catoptron, another Shu Jing is placed on mirror reflects on the micropositioner to parallel beam expand device, when the positive and negative and expansion measurement range moment that the needs measurement is warbled, adjust micropositioner and realize the variation of focus point and the broadening that postpones scope, two-beam scioptics after parallel beam expand device expands bundle are converted to directional light and incide on the wide-angle Fresnel double prism, this wide-angle Fresnel double prism is divided into two bundles again with light beam, two bundles are in the polymerization of the center of nonlinear crystal, obtain the second harmonic spectral information by diaphragm, again on the ccd detector, send Computer Processing by the cylindrical lens imaging again.
The utility model ultrashort pulse real-time measurement apparatus, promptly the principle of work of ultrashort pulse frequency resolution optical switch measurement mechanism is described as follows:
Be generally and obtain sufficient phase matching and require minimum group velocity off resonance (GVM) minimum (suppose that the incident light crossover is in whole second harmonic crystal), must be satisfied:
GVM
*L＜＜τ
p (1)
GVM ≡ 1/V
g(λ
0/ 2)-1/V
g(λ
0) (V
g(λ) be group velocity when wavelength X, λ
0Being fundamental wavelength) L is nonlinear crystal length, τ
pPulse width.
And, adopt second harmonic frequency resolution optical shoulder rotation for this device, must satisfy in order to solve spectral phase coupling bandwidth:
GVM
*L＞＞τ
p (2)
Following formula can guarantee that first-harmonic and second harmonic stop crossover before leaving crystal, play the effect of frequency filtering.Crystal can not be too thick simultaneously, launches distortion otherwise group velocity scattering (GVD) causes pulse in the time:
GVD
*＜＜τ
c (3)
GVD ≡ 1/V wherein
g(λ
0-δ λ/2)-1/V
g(λ
0+ δ λ/2), δ λ pulse bandwidth, τ
cThe pulse coherence time.Consider GVD＜GVM generally, can obtain in conjunction with top:
GVD(τ
p/τ
c)＜＜τ
p/L＜＜GVM(4)
When GVM and GVD satisfied following formula simultaneously, crystal length L satisfied these conditions simultaneously:
GVM/GVD＞＞TBP (5)
Can select suitable crystal thickness according to measured pulse thus.The two-beam that is divided into symmetry by Fresnel double prism 12 when laser pulse is when inciding in the nonlinear crystal simultaneously with wide-angle, and establishing two-beam angle in nonlinear crystal is φ ', obtains postponing τ and coordinate x (x is the crystal vertical direction) pass to be
τ(x)＝2(x/c)sin(φ′/2)≈xφ′/c (6)
Wherein d is a beam diameter, and φ ' is a low-angle.The time intensity distributions of two-beam is respectively I
1(t) and I
2(t), then at germ nucleus coordinate Z
0The place, the signal intensity of instantaneous second harmonic is proportional to I
1(t-τ) I
2(t+ τ).Because detector is an integral process to the time to the response of second harmonic, so the received light signal S (x) of detector is
Therefore, by the space distribution of record second harmonic signal, just can obtain the second order intensity correlation curve of the laser pulse of incident, by can realize the measurement of pulse-width to the calculating of correlation curve.
Two light beams delay τ has just determined when having determined the angle of incident beam width and Fresnel double prism, in order to improve just scalable micropositioner 10 realization delay expansions of precision.The spectrometer principle is exactly a spectrometer simultaneously, generally makes the part correspondence of pulse different wave length intersect at the each point of camera by calibration mirror, grating and focusing, and reflecting is exactly Pixel Information, and monopulse just can characterize intactly spectral information.Along with nonlinear crystal thickness 13 increases,, can with the different wave length pulse area separately also just play the effect of spectrometer because the phase matching of different wave length can produce the difference of shooting angle.
Technique effect of the present utility model is as follows:
1, the core of this method is to adopt the linear crystal of being altogether unjustifiable, and can realize the measurement of single pulse, is easy to realize the generation of second harmonic.Owing to adopt thick crystal to replace thin crystal and spectrometer, can reduce the requirement of incident pulse intensity, have measuring accuracy height, advantage that cost is low.
2, adopt the Fresnel double prism at deferred mount simultaneously, be easy to realize the aplanatism of pulse, not needing repeatedly to regulate micropositioner can measure in real time, has compact conformation, the advantage that light path is easy to adjust.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the measurement mechanism structural representation of existing frequency resolution optical shoulder rotation.
Fig. 2 is the plan structure synoptic diagram of the utility model ultrashort pulse real-time measurement apparatus embodiment.
Embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
See also Fig. 2 earlier, Fig. 2 is the plan structure synoptic diagram of the utility model ultrashort pulse real-time measurement apparatus embodiment.As seen from the figure, the formation of the utility model ultrashort pulse real-time measurement apparatus comprises beam splitter 1, micropositioner 10, parallel beam expand device 11, wide-angle Fresnel double prism 12, the linear crystal 13 of being altogether unjustifiable, cylindrical lens (14), diaphragm 8 and ccd detector 15, its position relation is: when a ultrashort pulse light to be measured incides on the described beam splitter 1, it is 90 ° two-beam that this beam splitter 1 is divided into angle with ultrashort pulsed beam, a branch ofly reflex to parallel beam expand device 11 through second catoptron 52, three catoptron 53 of another bundle on described micropositioner 10 reflexes to parallel beam expand device 11, this two-beam is converted to a parallel beam and incides on the described wide-angle Fresnel double prism 12 after parallel beam expand device 11 expands bundle, this wide-angle Fresnel double prism 12 is divided into two intersection light beams again with described parallel beam, this two intersections light beam is in the polymerization of the center of described nonlinear crystal 13, by first diaphragm 81, the imaging len 14 and second diaphragm 82, computing machine 16 is delivered in imaging on described ccd detector 15 then.
Described ultrashort laser pulse is the stretched pulse of titanium jewel oscillator output.
Described micropositioner 10 is moved along the normal direction of the 3rd catoptron 53 of this micropositioner 10 by computing machine 16 controls one step motor drive.Described micropositioner 10 can be adjusted the delay scope that wide-angle Fresnel double prism 12 produces, the main delay is to make pulse expand bundle by parallel beam expand device 11, be divided into through Fresnel double prism 12 and the two-beam of mitre cross-coincidence arranged in crystal 13, the delay that on the longitudinal axis and transverse axis position distribution, forms.
The angle of described wide-angle Fresnel double prism 12 equals 168 °.
Described parallel beam expand device 11 is made of a plano-concave lens and biconvex lens 6, and it expands the bundle multiple is 6.
The described linear crystal 13 of being altogether unjustifiable is the barium metaborate crystal, and the described linear crystal of being altogether unjustifiable is 5mmBBO (barium metaborate β-BaB
2O
4, be called for short BBO) and crystal.
The situation of pulse ultrashort pulse centre wavelength 1053nm time domain width 820 femtoseconds that obtain after consideration titanium jewel (Ti:Sapphire) oscillator output broadening, amplification, the compression.Tested ultrashort pulse is divided into two bundles by beam splitter 1, changes light path by control micropositioner 10 and makes two-beam incident simultaneously nonlinear crystal center, can pass through ccd detector 15 real-time monitored regulating effects; Two-beam is assembled after beam expanding lens 11 expands bundle, is converted to parallel beam through lens, is divided into two beam convergences in nonlinear crystal 13 through Fresnel double prism 12, obtains second harmonic signal by diaphragm 8, imports computing machine into through CCD and calculates.Being greater than 160 ° of selection Fresnel double prism angles according to Fresnel double prism angle is 168 °, the selection crystal thickness is 5mm, for centre wavelength 1053nm time domain width 820 femtosecond situations be 100fs/cm＜＜820fs/0.5cm=1640fs/cm＜＜2000fs/cm, satisfy formula (4), the humorous weave efficiency maximum of generation.Bbo crystal (barium metaborate β-BaB
2O
4, be called for short BBO) have very high second harmonic dress and change efficient, can measure more weak femtosecond pulse light, so crystal 7 adopts BBO to change crystal as the frequency dress.Survey detector 15 by CCD and measure and frequency light collection of illustrative plates, can find relatively that with the collection of illustrative plates that original frequency resolution optical light-opening method obtains measurement result is very approaching, illustrate that this method is accurate and feasible.
The utility model adopts the linear crystal of being altogether unjustifiable to realize the ultrashort pulse photo measure, traditional crystal thickness requires incident intensity and the influence of second harmonic generation efficient thereby eliminated, the linear crystal of being altogether unjustifiable simultaneously replaces spectrometer, make easy operating simple in structure, and owing to adopt the Fresnel double prism not need repeatedly control lag directly to realize the requirement that continuous delay changes, can realize measuring in real time and single-pulse measurement, therefore have easy adjusting simple in structure, advantage that cost is low.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of ultrashort pulse real-time measurement apparatus, be characterised in that its formation comprises beam splitter (1), micropositioner (10), parallel beam expand device (11), wide-angle Fresnel double prism (12), the linear crystal (13) of being altogether unjustifiable, cylindrical lens (14), diaphragm (8) and CCD (15), its position relation is: when a ultrashort pulse light to be measured incides on the described beam splitter (1), it is 90 ° two-beam that this beam splitter (1) is divided into angle with ultrashort pulsed beam, a branch ofly reflex to parallel beam expand device (11) through second catoptron (52), three catoptron (53) of another bundle on described micropositioner (10) reflexes to parallel beam expand device (11), this two-beam is converted to a parallel beam and incides on the described wide-angle Fresnel double prism (12) after parallel beam expand device (11) expands bundle, this wide-angle Fresnel double prism (12) is divided into two intersection light beams again with described parallel beam, this two intersections light beam is in the center polymerization of described nonlinear crystal (13), by first diaphragm (81), imaging len (14) and second diaphragm (82), go up imaging at described ccd detector (15), deliver to computing machine (16) then.
2, ultrashort pulse real-time measurement apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that described ultrashort laser pulse is the stretched pulse of titanium jewel oscillator output.
3, ultrashort pulse real-time measurement apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that described micropositioner (10) is by the normal direction motion of computing machine (16) control one step motor drive along the 3rd catoptron (53) of this micropositioner (10).
4, ultrashort pulse real-time measurement apparatus according to claim 1, the angle that it is characterized in that described wide-angle Fresnel double prism (12) is greater than 160 °.
5, ultrashort pulse real-time measurement apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that described beam expanding telescope (11) is made of a plano-concave lens and biconvex lens.
6, ultrashort pulse real-time measurement apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that the described linear crystal of being altogether unjustifiable (13) is the barium metaborate crystal.
7, according to each described ultrashort pulse real-time measurement apparatus of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that described ultrashort pulse to be measured only guides to described beam splitter (1) by first catoptron (51).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200620042600 CN2921800Y (en) | 2006-06-09 | 2006-06-09 | Ultrashort pulse precision real-time measuring device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200620042600 CN2921800Y (en) | 2006-06-09 | 2006-06-09 | Ultrashort pulse precision real-time measuring device |
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| CN2921800Y true CN2921800Y (en) | 2007-07-11 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102169021A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2011-08-31 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Frequency resolution optical switch method measuring device |
| CN102759793A (en) * | 2011-04-26 | 2012-10-31 | 四川大学 | Reflecting double-slit interferometer |
-
2006
- 2006-06-09 CN CN 200620042600 patent/CN2921800Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102169021A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2011-08-31 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Frequency resolution optical switch method measuring device |
| CN102169021B (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2012-11-28 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Frequency resolution optical switch method measuring device |
| CN102759793A (en) * | 2011-04-26 | 2012-10-31 | 四川大学 | Reflecting double-slit interferometer |
| CN102759793B (en) * | 2011-04-26 | 2014-08-27 | 四川大学 | Reflecting double-slit interferometer |
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|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20070711 |