CN2570543Y - 四轮差速分动装置 - Google Patents

四轮差速分动装置 Download PDF

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CN2570543Y
CN2570543Y CN02253907U CN02253907U CN2570543Y CN 2570543 Y CN2570543 Y CN 2570543Y CN 02253907 U CN02253907 U CN 02253907U CN 02253907 U CN02253907 U CN 02253907U CN 2570543 Y CN2570543 Y CN 2570543Y
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gear
axle
shaft
wheel
sliding
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高峰
马维锦
杨铭学
王豫疆
王应普
梁斌
范永革
潘文彬
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SHENGCHENG CO Ltd XINJIANG
Xinjiang Shengsheng Co Ltd
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SHENGCHENG CO Ltd XINJIANG
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Priority to KR20-2003-0028935U priority patent/KR200342145Y1/ko
Priority to US10/659,040 priority patent/US6848337B2/en
Priority to JP2003271149U priority patent/JP3100406U/ja
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/34Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
    • B60K17/344Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having a transfer gear
    • B60K17/346Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having a transfer gear the transfer gear being a differential gear
    • B60K17/3462Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having a transfer gear the transfer gear being a differential gear with means for changing distribution of torque between front and rear wheels
    • B60K17/3465Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having a transfer gear the transfer gear being a differential gear with means for changing distribution of torque between front and rear wheels self-actuated means, e.g. differential locked automatically by difference of speed
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H37/00Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0806Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts
    • F16H37/0813Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts with only one input shaft
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/16Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60YINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/82Four wheel drive systems
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19Gearing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)

Abstract

一种四轮差速分动装置,包括定轴轮系、差速器,其装在箱体中的动力输入轴以套装齿轮、滑动齿轮变速传动中间轴(20),该中间轴以固定齿轮,套装齿轮分别传动装在差速器壳体上的齿轮、右半轴锥齿轮轴套上的齿轮及活套在同心轴上的齿轮,分别变速传动差速心轴(15)、前左轮输出轴(9)、前右轮输出轴(10)转动,各滑动齿轮、滑动啮合套上装有手柄伸出箱体外的拨叉;本实用新型只用一个差速器代替了已有技术前、后桥上的两个差速器,不仅结构简单,成本低,而且能够增大离地间隙,不影响车辆的转向性能,分动装置的多种驱动方式能够使车辆克服各种路况困难。有效地利用和发挥了发动机的输出功率。

Description

四轮差速分动装置
技术领域
本实用新型涉及机动车的传动装置,具体地说是一种四轮差速分动装置。
背景技术
我国地地形复杂、多样,而农村多处于丘陵、山区等,给从事农业生产活动的车辆带来了很多不便。为适应这种地形环境,便于从事农业活动,运输顺利,车辆上一般采用差速锁差速限制差速,以适应各种复杂的路况。当车辆的某一侧驱动车轮失去附着力时,采用机械的差速锁限制差速,直至将差速器锁死,使两侧驱动半轴成为一体。但这种情况下,差速器一旦锁死,车辆就失去了转向功能,只能直线行驶。当未装差速锁的驱动桥上有一车轮打滑时,将使牵引力大幅度下降。因此,现有技术有改进、完善的必要,研发新的差速分动装置。
发明内容
本实用新型的目的是克服上述不足,提供一种改进的四轮差速分动装置,只用一个差速器代替了已有技术前后桥上的两个差速器,不仅结构简单,成本低,而且能够增大离地间隙,不影响车辆的转向性能,分动装置的多种驱动方式能够使车辆克服种种困难。有效地利用和发挥了发动机的输出功率。
本实用新型的目的是这样实现的:
一种四轮差速分动装置,包括定轴轮系、差速器、箱体及拨叉;
装在箱体轴承座中的动力输入轴上套装有双联齿轮,该双轮齿轮有内齿与装在同轴上的滑动双联齿轮的小齿轮对应啮合;
在箱体的轴承座中装有传动轴,该传动轴上从左至右依次固装有齿轮,套装有介轮,套装有双联齿轮,其外伸轴端上固装有齿轮,该介轮及双联齿轮分别与输入轴上的双联齿轮及滑动双联齿轮对应啮合;
在箱体的轴承座中装有差速器心轴,该心轴上套装有差速器的左、右半轴锥齿轮,该右半轴锥齿轮的轴套上固装有齿轮,该齿轮与装在传动轴上的齿轮啮合;在差速器壳体的轴套上固装有大齿圈,该大齿圈与传动轴上的介轮啮合,在差速器心轴的左端套装有齿轮,该齿轮与传动轴上的齿轮啮合,该差速器心轴的另端经啮合套连接前右轮输出轴,该前右轮输出轴套接前左轮输出轴,由滑动啮合套滑动接合;
在差速器轴的外侧的箱体轴承座中装有后左轮输出轴,该输出轴上固装有齿轮与装在差速器右半轴锥齿轮的轴套上的齿轮啮合;
所述滑动双联齿轮及滑动啮合套的环槽中装有拨叉,该拨叉的手柄伸出箱体外。
所述套装于轴上的各齿轮内孔与轴外圆之间装有滚动轴承和/或滚针轴承。
所述滑动齿轮,滑动啮合套与轴的滑动连接结构为花键,所述各固接齿轮与轴的连接结构为花键。
本实用新型有以下积极有益的效果:
安装有本装置的车辆,同侧车轮是联动的,同速运转的。这样两侧车轮允许存在速度差,因此,本装置不会影响车辆的转向性能,使车辆能够做到转向自如。
车辆行驶在冰雪、泥泞等复杂路面上,当有一车轮打滑而失去地面附着力时,一方面打滑车轮不会飞转,这样不会降低发动机的输出功率。另外,对于同侧未打滑车轮,因由差速器的同一个半轴齿轮驱动,所以其动力仍存在。而另一侧未打滑的两个车轮是差速器的另一半轴齿轮控制,不会受到很大的影响,因此其动力仍存在,这样足以驱动车轮使车辆正常行驶。当有两个车轮打滑时,若为一侧两车轮打滑,而另一侧车轮的动力不丧失,可使车辆走出困境;若为不同侧上的两车轮打滑,对于由差速器的一个半轴齿轮驱动的一侧车轮而言,未打滑车轮不会因另一车轮的失去附着力而丧失其动力,由此两个未打滑车轮的动力仍存在,可使车辆正常行驶前进。
本装置取缔了前后桥上的两个差速器,有力地提高了车辆的离地间隙,随机可变的驱动形式有力地提高了车辆的通过能力,发动机的功率得到很好的利用。这是一种纯机械结构的传动装置。
附图说明
图1是本实用新型一实施例的结构原理图;
图2是显示图1中各轴空间位置的简化的侧视图。
具体实施方式
附图采用以下编号:
1.输入轴
2.双联齿轮         201.内齿
3.双联齿轮         4.齿轮          5.介轮
6.齿轮             7.齿轮          8.滑动啮合套
9.前左轮输出轴     10.前右轮输出轴 11.大齿圈
12.左半轴锥齿轮    13.差速器       14.右半轴锥齿轮
15.差速器心轴      16.双联齿轮     17.齿轮
18.输出轴          19.齿轮         20.中间轴
21.啮合套
请参照图1、图2,本实用新型是一种四轮差速分动装置,包括定轴轮系、差速器、箱体及拨叉;
装在箱体轴承座中的动力输入轴1上套装有双联齿轮2,该双轮齿轮有内齿201与装在同轴上的滑动双联齿轮3的小齿轮对应啮合;
在箱体的轴承座中装有传动轴20,该传动轴上从左至右依次固装有齿轮6,套装有介轮5,套装有双联齿轮16,其外伸轴端上固装有齿轮4,该介轮5及双联齿轮16分别与输入轴1上的双联齿轮2及滑动双联齿轮3对应啮合;
在箱体的轴承座中装有差速器心轴15,该心轴15上套装有差速器13的左、右半轴锥齿轮12、14,该右半轴锥齿轮的轴套上固装有齿轮17,该齿轮17与装在传动轴20上的齿轮4啮合;在差速器壳体的轴套上固装有大齿圈11,该大齿圈与传动轴20上的介轮5啮合,在差速器心轴15的左端套装有齿轮7,该齿轮7与传动轴20上的齿轮6啮合,该差速器心轴15的的另端经啮合套21连接前右轮输出轴10,该前右轮输出轴10套接前左轮输出轴9,由滑动啮合套8滑动接合;
在差速器轴15的外侧的箱体轴承座中装有后左轮输出轴18,该输出轴18上固装有齿轮19与装在差速器右半轴锥齿轮14的轴套上的齿轮17啮合;
所述滑动双联齿轮3及滑动啮合套8的环槽中装有拨叉,该拨叉的手柄伸出箱体外。
所述套装于轴上的各齿轮内孔与轴外圆之间装有滚动轴承和/或滚针轴承。
所述滑动齿轮,滑动啮合套与轴的滑动连接结构为花键,所述各固接齿轮与轴的连接结构为花键。
本装置的动力传输路线是这样的:
动力由变速箱输入到输入轴1,使双联齿轮3通过花键随着输入轴1转动,当滑动双联齿轮3时,可分别与两齿轮相啮合:一是其大端齿轮与双联齿轮16的大端齿轮相啮合,二是其小端齿轮与双联齿轮2相啮合,以获得不同的速度。再通过介轮5将动力传向差速器的大齿圈11,通过花键由差速器13的壳体带动左右半轴齿轮旋转,其中,一部分动力由差速器13的右半轴齿轮14通过花键传向两组齿轮副17、19和17、4。齿轮19直接将动力经后左轮输出轴18输出,同时,齿轮4通过中间轴20带动齿轮副6、7,再由啮合套8的连接,将动力由前左轮输出轴9将动力输出。差速器13中的另一部分动力则由左半轴锥齿轮12,通过花键传向差速器13的心轴15中,心轴15一方面直接输出到后右轮上,另一方面则输出到前右轮上,将动力输出到轮边减速器中。前轮的两个输出轴是呈套筒的形式输出的,后轮的两个输出轴是平行输出的,此装置使同侧车轮联动。

Claims (3)

1.一种四轮差速分动装置,包括定轴轮系、差速器、箱体及拨叉,其特征在于:
装在箱体轴承座中的动力输入轴(1)上套装有双联齿轮(2),该双轮齿轮有内齿(201)与装在同轴上的滑动双联齿轮(3)的小齿轮对应啮合;
在箱体的轴承座中装有传动轴(20),该传动轴上从左至右依次固装有齿轮(6),套装有介轮(5),套装有双联齿轮(16),其外伸轴端上固装有齿轮(4),该介轮(5)及双联齿轮(15)分别与输入轴(1)上的双联齿轮(2)及滑动双联齿轮(3)对应啮合;
在箱体的轴承座中装有差速器心轴(15),该心轴(15)上套装有差速器(13)的左、右半轴锥齿轮(12)、(14),该右半轴锥齿轮的轴套上固装有齿轮(17),该齿轮(17)与装在传动轴(20)上的齿轮(4)啮合;在差速器壳体的轴套上固装有大齿圈(11),该大齿圈与传动轴(20)上的介轮(5)啮合,在差速器心轴(16)的左端套装有齿轮(7),该齿轮(7)与传动轴(20)上的齿轮(6)啮合,该差速器心轴(15)的另端经啮合套(21)连接前右轮输出轴(10),该前右轮输出轴(10)套接前左轮输出轴(9),由滑动啮合套(8)滑动接合;
在差速器轴(15)的外侧的箱体轴承座中装有后左轮输出轴(18),该输出轴(18)上固装有齿轮(19)与装在差速器右半轴锥齿轮(14)的轴套上的齿轮(17)啮合;
所述滑动双联齿轮(3)及滑动啮合套(8)的环槽中装有拨叉,该拨叉的手柄伸出箱体外。
2.如权利要求1所述的四轮差速分动装置,其特征在于:所述套装于轴上的各齿轮内孔与轴外圆之间装有滚动轴承和/或滚针轴承。
3.如权利要求1所述的四轮差速分动装置,其特征在于:所述滑动齿轮,滑动啮合套与轴的滑动连接结构为花键,所述各固接齿轮与轴的连接结构为花键。
CN02253907U 2002-09-12 2002-09-12 四轮差速分动装置 Expired - Fee Related CN2570543Y (zh)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN02253907U CN2570543Y (zh) 2002-09-12 2002-09-12 四轮差速分动装置
KR20-2003-0028935U KR200342145Y1 (ko) 2002-09-12 2003-09-09 4륜 구동을 위한 동력전달 기구
US10/659,040 US6848337B2 (en) 2002-09-12 2003-09-10 Transmission mechanism for driving four wheels
JP2003271149U JP3100406U (ja) 2002-09-12 2003-09-11 4つの車輪を駆動するための変速機構

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CN02253907U CN2570543Y (zh) 2002-09-12 2002-09-12 四轮差速分动装置

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Cited By (5)

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CN103089962A (zh) * 2013-01-07 2013-05-08 薛江涛 一种行星差变速机构
CN103089962B (zh) * 2013-01-07 2017-02-08 薛江涛 一种行星差变速机构
CN103775599A (zh) * 2014-01-06 2014-05-07 管中林 并联式四驱交叉驱动差速器
CN103775599B (zh) * 2014-01-06 2016-08-17 管中林 并联式四驱交叉驱动差速器
CN107128175A (zh) * 2017-05-18 2017-09-05 北京航天发射技术研究所 一种分扭比低于2的大载荷分动器
CN112032275A (zh) * 2019-06-03 2020-12-04 哈尔滨工业大学 一种机械式四轴差速装置
CN110792749A (zh) * 2019-10-29 2020-02-14 一汽解放汽车有限公司 一种带有贯通轴离合装置的中桥主减速器总成
CN110792749B (zh) * 2019-10-29 2023-01-17 一汽解放汽车有限公司 一种带有贯通轴离合装置的中桥主减速器总成

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