CN217841191U - 用于车门的锁定装置 - Google Patents

用于车门的锁定装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN217841191U
CN217841191U CN201990001387.9U CN201990001387U CN217841191U CN 217841191 U CN217841191 U CN 217841191U CN 201990001387 U CN201990001387 U CN 201990001387U CN 217841191 U CN217841191 U CN 217841191U
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door
vehicle door
locking device
end position
intermediate position
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安德烈亚斯·贝歇尔
阿希姆·明克
奥利弗·胡彭鲍尔
让-马克·贝尔蒙德
帕斯卡尔·菲利普
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Entanwa France
Marquardt GmbH
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Marquardt GmbH
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B81/00—Power-actuated vehicle locks
    • E05B81/54—Electrical circuits
    • E05B81/64—Monitoring or sensing, e.g. by using switches or sensors
    • E05B81/76—Detection of handle operation; Detection of a user approaching a handle; Electrical switching actions performed by door handles
    • E05B81/78—Detection of handle operation; Detection of a user approaching a handle; Electrical switching actions performed by door handles as part of a hands-free locking or unlocking operation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B81/00—Power-actuated vehicle locks
    • E05B81/12—Power-actuated vehicle locks characterised by the function or purpose of the powered actuators
    • E05B81/20—Power-actuated vehicle locks characterised by the function or purpose of the powered actuators for assisting final closing or for initiating opening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R25/00—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
    • B60R25/20—Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off
    • B60R25/24—Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off using electronic identifiers containing a code not memorised by the user
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B17/00—Accessories in connection with locks
    • E05B17/10—Illuminating devices on or for locks or keys; Transparent or translucent lock parts; Indicator lights
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B81/00—Power-actuated vehicle locks
    • E05B81/54—Electrical circuits
    • E05B81/64—Monitoring or sensing, e.g. by using switches or sensors
    • E05B81/76—Detection of handle operation; Detection of a user approaching a handle; Electrical switching actions performed by door handles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B81/00—Power-actuated vehicle locks
    • E05B81/54—Electrical circuits
    • E05B81/64—Monitoring or sensing, e.g. by using switches or sensors
    • E05B81/76—Detection of handle operation; Detection of a user approaching a handle; Electrical switching actions performed by door handles
    • E05B81/77—Detection of handle operation; Detection of a user approaching a handle; Electrical switching actions performed by door handles comprising sensors detecting the presence of the hand of a user
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
    • E05C17/00—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith
    • E05C17/003—Power-actuated devices for limiting the opening of vehicle doors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F1/00—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
    • E05F1/08—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings
    • E05F1/10—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings for swinging wings, e.g. counterbalance
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/60—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators
    • E05F15/603—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors
    • E05F15/611—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for swinging wings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/70—Power-operated mechanisms for wings with automatic actuation
    • E05F15/73—Power-operated mechanisms for wings with automatic actuation responsive to movement or presence of persons or objects
    • E05F15/76—Power-operated mechanisms for wings with automatic actuation responsive to movement or presence of persons or objects responsive to devices carried by persons or objects, e.g. magnets or reflectors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/70—Power-operated mechanisms for wings with automatic actuation
    • E05F15/77—Power-operated mechanisms for wings with automatic actuation using wireless control
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/40—Motors; Magnets; Springs; Weights; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/404—Function thereof
    • E05Y2201/422—Function thereof for opening
    • E05Y2201/426—Function thereof for opening for the initial opening movement
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2400/00—Electronic control; Electrical power; Power supply; Power or signal transmission; User interfaces
    • E05Y2400/65—Power or signal transmission
    • E05Y2400/66—Wireless transmission
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2400/00—Electronic control; Electrical power; Power supply; Power or signal transmission; User interfaces
    • E05Y2400/80—User interfaces
    • E05Y2400/85—User input means
    • E05Y2400/8505—User authentication, e.g. biometric
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2400/00—Electronic control; Electrical power; Power supply; Power or signal transmission; User interfaces
    • E05Y2400/80—User interfaces
    • E05Y2400/85—User input means
    • E05Y2400/8515—Smart phones; Tablets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
    • E05Y2900/53—Type of wing
    • E05Y2900/531—Doors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00753—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys
    • G07C2009/00769—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means
    • G07C2009/00793—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means by Hertzian waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C2209/00—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00 - G07C9/38
    • G07C2209/60—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00174 - G07C9/00944
    • G07C2209/63—Comprising locating means for detecting the position of the data carrier, i.e. within the vehicle or within a certain distance from the vehicle
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C2209/00—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00 - G07C9/38
    • G07C2209/60—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00174 - G07C9/00944
    • G07C2209/63—Comprising locating means for detecting the position of the data carrier, i.e. within the vehicle or within a certain distance from the vehicle
    • G07C2209/64—Comprising locating means for detecting the position of the data carrier, i.e. within the vehicle or within a certain distance from the vehicle using a proximity sensor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

本实用新型涉及一种用于车门的锁定装置，特别是用于没有门把手的车门，具有用于进入授权的电子控制单元，该电子控制单元连接到一个或多个传感器，即接近传感器、触摸传感器、无线电发射器等，和/或用于无线通信的天线，即用于与智能设备如智能卡、手机、智能手表、智能钥匙等通信的NFC(近场通信)天线，以及驱动机械锁定/或解锁单元，其包括用于锁定关闭的门末端位置的闩锁元件。根据本实用新型，提供闩锁元件以阻挡车门的中间位置，车门可根据正确的进入授权移动到该中间位置，并且其中中间位置能够在门的外表面后面进行抓握以解锁中间位置并允许门进一步移动到打开末端位置。

Description

用于车门的锁定装置
技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种用于车门的锁定装置。
背景技术
多年来，汽车的无钥匙进入是由门把手中的传感器触发的，用户必须触摸才能解锁车门。因此，具有触摸传感器的电子模块被集成到门把手中，其具有连接到用于访问控制的电子控制单元的电接口以将触摸事件传送到用于访问控制的电子控制单元。
此外，已知可移动的车把手在关闭和锁定位置构建车门的平坦外表面。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的一个目的是提供一种无需任何门把手即可操作的锁定装置。
根据本实用新型的方面，提供了一种用于车门的锁定装置，该车门没有门把手，该锁定装置包括：用于进入授权的电子控制单元以及驱动机械锁定或解锁单元。该电子控制单元连接到一个或多个传感器和/或用于与智能设备进行无线通信的天线。该驱动机械锁定或解锁单元包括用于锁定车门的关闭末端位置的闩锁元件，该闩锁元件被提供以阻挡该车门的中间位置，该车门根据正确的进入授权可移动到该中间位置，并且其中，该中间位置使得能够在该车门的外表面后面进行抓握以解锁该中间位置并允许该车门进一步移动到打开末端位置。
在一实施例中，提供有驱动装置，该驱动装置用于该车门从该关闭末端位置到该中间位置的运动。
在一实施例中，提供有电子控制单元，该电子控制单元依据出现的接近信号和正确的进入授权启动该车门从该关闭末端位置到该中间位置的运动。
在一实施例中，提供有驱动装置，该驱动装置用于该车门从该中间位置到该打开末端位置的运动。
在一实施例中，提供有驱动装置，该驱动装置用于该车门从该中间位置和/或该打开末端位置到该关闭末端位置的运动。
在一实施例中，提供有马达或弹簧或气瓶，该马达或弹簧或气瓶用于所述车门的至少一次运动。
在一实施例中，采用该电子控制单元以根据一个或多个定义的关闭标准将该车门从该中间位置移动到该关闭末端位置。
在一实施例中，没有门移动和/或消失的接近信号和/或关闭传感器的操作和/或经由无线通信的关闭信号的时间间隔被用作一个或多个定义的关闭标准。
在一实施例中，采用控制单元使用车灯和/或车喇叭和/或单独的信号装置以产生光信号和/或声音信号来指示该车门的中间位置。
在一实施例中，该单独的信号装置位于该车门的窄边的区域中，该区域在该车门的该中间位置处是明显的。
在一实施例中，该单独的信号装置具有光源和控制单元，该控制单元用于产生至少一个光信号，该光信号在该车门的该中间位置处是可见的。
在一实施例中，该单独的信号装置位于该车门的窄边。
在一实施例中，该单独的信号装置在该关闭末端位置中相对于汽车的外部环境通过常规的门密封件被密封。
在一实施例中，该一个或多个传感器包括以下至少一种：接近传感器、触摸传感器和无线电发射器，该天线是近场通信天线，并且该智能设备包括以下至少一种：智能卡、手机、智能手表和智能钥匙。
根据本实用新型，提供了车门的闩锁中间位置，替代可移动的把手，车门根据正确的进入授权移动到该位置，并允许抓握车门外表面的后面，即车门和车身之间的间隙。由于该中间位置被锁定，因此它是一个安全位置。如果没有足够的空间打开车门，车门不能像其他汽车、墙壁等一样能够推动障碍物。
由于车门无法意外打开，而是锁定在中间位置，因此可以防止事故，例如与经过的骑车人发生碰撞。
门的最终打开可由授权人员执行，该人员可以握住门后，对中间位置进行解锁，即通过手动拉动、按下驱动按钮等，然后将车门置于打开末端位置。
优选地，提供了将车门从关闭末端位置移动到中间位置的电子控制单元和驱动装置。由于在关闭末端位置，用户不可能拉门，因为没有车把手，用户必须首先启动进入授权，即通过NFC通信、无线电发射器和/或接近汽车钥匙或其他无钥匙进入系统的传感器。然后控制单元通过驱动装置启动车门到中间位置的运动。在这个位置，用户能够完全解锁和打开门。由于中间位置首先是被锁定的，因此移动到该门位置是安全的，即防止车门周围环境中的物体(如墙壁、其他汽车或经过的人、骑自行车的人等)造成的任何损坏。
有利地，提供电子控制单元以根据出现的接近信号和正确的进入授权来启动车门从关闭末端位置到中间位置的运动。
有利地，提供驱动装置以将车门从中间位置移动到打开末端位置和/或从打开位置移动到关闭末端位置。此功能增加了用户的舒适度，因为此动作随后会自动执行。这种运动可以通过另一传感器操作启动、短暂拉门或其他动作来启动。
在本实用新型的改进中，提供了将车门从中间位置移动到关闭末端位置的驱动装置和控制单元。这当车门在中间位置没有进一步操作的情况下很重要。在这种情况下，可以根据定义的关闭标准控制再次关闭。
这样的标准可以是没有手动移动门的时间间隔、消失的接近信号、关闭传感器的操作、通过NFC通信的关闭信号等。
任何门的运动都可以由电机驱动，尤其是电动机，或弹簧、气瓶等储能装置。
在汽车锁定装置的进一步改进中，特别是根据本实用新型，采用控制单元来产生声音和/或光信号以指示车门正移向中间位置或位于中间位置。该信号使用户能够注意到，当他接近或离开汽车时，汽车的开门程序已经启动或者汽车没有完全关闭。
该实施例的进一步改进在于具有位于车门窄边区域内的信号装置，该区域仅在车门的中间位置处可见。例如，信号装置具有光源和用于产生至少一个光信号的控制单元，该光信号仅在车门的中间位置可见。
在信号装置的这个位置，确保了当注意到信号时车门确实处于中间位置。此外，信号装置位于屏蔽区域。
为了增强保护车门在关闭末端位置时免受外部的影响，信号装置的区域可以在车门的关闭末端位置被密封。
在适当位置中的信号装置，可以仅通过在关闭末端位置中的常规门密封来实现密封，而无需单独密封。
附图说明
附图中示出了本实用新型的实施例。详细示出
图1是三种不同门位置的示意图；
图2是车钥匙示意图；
图3是智能手机的示意图；以及
图4是邻近区域内不同门位置的图示。
具体实施方式
图1示出了车门1的三个位置2、3、4，关闭末端位置2、中间位置3和打开末端位置4。
车钥匙5有不同的按钮，即一个按钮6用于打开驾驶员车门，一个按钮7用于后备箱，一个按钮8用于关闭汽车。该钥匙的功能也可以在智能手机5'、智能卡等中实现。当按下按钮6时，锁定装置的控制单元释放关闭末端位置2并开始将车门1移动到锁定的中间位置3。在该中间位置3，车门1可以在没有门把手的情况下被解锁并且被拉到打开末端位置4。
在改进的版本中，车门1的运动部分或完全地由驱动装置自动操作。
中间位置3也可以通过控制单元自动解锁，即当再次按下钥匙按钮6时。
在所描述的实施例中，通过钥匙5或智能电话5'或智能卡进行进入授权。无钥匙进入是可能的，即使用接近传感器检测和识别诸如钥匙5、智能手机5'、智能卡等的授权设备。在这种情况下，如图4 所示，优选地，不同的门位置2、3、4可以关联到不同的可配置的距离。
例如，在中间距离9中，该中间位置3可以被激活，并且在近距离10中，可以启动到打开末端位置4的运动。然后，靠近门的用户可以停止该运动。另一方面，当授权设备或人员离开轿厢12时，尤其是在间隔距离11时，可以启动从打开末端位置4或从中间位置3 到关闭末端位置2的运动。该距离也可以是当用户靠近汽车12时汽车发出信号的欢迎距离。
1 车门
2 关闭末端位置
3 中间位置
4 打开末端位置
5 车钥匙
5' 智能手机
6 按钮
7 按钮
8 按钮
9 中间距离
10 近距离
11 间隔距离
12 汽车。

Claims (11)

1.用于车门的锁定装置，所述车门没有门把手，其特征在于，所述锁定装置包括：
用于进入授权的电子控制单元，所述电子控制单元连接到一个或多个传感器和用于与智能设备进行无线通信的天线，以及
驱动机械锁定或解锁单元，所述驱动机械锁定或解锁单元包括用于锁定所述车门的关闭末端位置的闩锁元件，
其中，所述闩锁元件被提供以阻挡所述车门的中间位置，所述车门根据正确的进入授权可移动到所述中间位置，并且其中，所述中间位置使得能够在所述车门的外表面后面进行抓握以解锁所述中间位置并允许所述车门进一步移动到打开末端位置，
驱动装置，所述驱动装置用于所述车门从所述关闭末端位置到所述中间位置的运动，从所述中间位置到所述打开末端位置，从所述中间位置到所述关闭末端位置，和从所述打开末端位置到所述关闭末端位置的运动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的锁定装置，其特征在于，提供有电子控制单元，所述电子控制单元依据出现的接近信号和正确的进入授权启动所述车门从所述关闭末端位置到所述中间位置的运动。
3.根据权利要求1所述的锁定装置，其特征在于，提供有马达或弹簧或气瓶，所述马达或弹簧或气瓶用于所述车门的至少一次运动。
4.根据权利要求1所述的锁定装置，其特征在于，采用所述电子控制单元以根据一个或多个定义的关闭标准将所述车门从所述中间位置移动到所述关闭末端位置。
5.根据权利要求4所述的锁定装置，其特征在于，没有门移动和/或消失的接近信号和/或关闭传感器的操作和/或经由无线通信的关闭信号的时间间隔被用作所述一个或多个定义的关闭标准。
6.根据权利要求1所述的锁定装置，其特征在于，采用控制单元使用车灯和/或车喇叭和/或单独的信号装置以产生光信号和/或声音信号来指示所述车门的所述中间位置。
7.根据权利要求6所述的锁定装置，其特征在于，所述单独的信号装置位于所述车门的窄边的区域中，所述区域在所述车门的所述中间位置处是明显的。
8.根据权利要求6或7所述的锁定装置，其特征在于，所述单独的信号装置具有光源和控制单元，所述控制单元用于产生至少一个光信号，所述光信号在所述车门的所述中间位置处是可见的。
9.根据权利要求6或7所述的锁定装置，其特征在于，所述单独的信号装置位于所述车门的窄边。
10.根据权利要求6或7所述的锁定装置，其特征在于，所述单独的信号装置在所述关闭末端位置中相对于汽车的外部环境被密封。
11.根据权利要求1所述的锁定装置，其特征在于，所述一个或多个传感器包括以下至少一种：接近传感器、触摸传感器和无线电发射器，所述天线是近场通信天线，并且所述智能设备包括以下至少一种：智能卡、手机、智能手表和智能钥匙。
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