CN208095569U - Tea cutting breeds seedbed - Google Patents
Tea cutting breeds seedbed Download PDFInfo
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- CN208095569U CN208095569U CN201820514186.6U CN201820514186U CN208095569U CN 208095569 U CN208095569 U CN 208095569U CN 201820514186 U CN201820514186 U CN 201820514186U CN 208095569 U CN208095569 U CN 208095569U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
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Abstract
A kind of tea cutting breeding seedbed, tea tree planting technical field especially belong to a kind of tea cutting breeding seedbed.It is characterized in that, having hierachical structure, wherein be followed successively by from bottom to top：First layer is filter layer（1）The second layer is heating layer（2）, third layer is liftable layer（3）, the 4th layer is nursery layer（4）, layer 5 is ceiling（5）And following auxiliary device：The heating wire of wet curtain device between the second layer and third layer, the second layer is equipped with thermostat, and the water atomization spray head that layer 5 bracket is equipped with is equipped with auto spraying control device.External environment condition needed for the utility model cutting propagation realizes comprehensive, overall process, total factor artificial adjustment, not by seasonal effect；Tea tree seedling planting survival rate can be significantly improved, growing-seedling period is significantly shortened.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to tea tree planting technical fields, especially belong to a kind of tea cutting breeding seedbed.
Background technique
Field is cultivated in tea tree planting at present, tea tree breeding divides two methods of sexual propagation and vegetative propagation, sexual propagation
It is to be sowed using tea seed, also cries seminal propagation.Vegetative propagation is also known as nourished and generated, and is to utilize the nutrition such as root, the stem of tea tree
Organ is allowed to form one plant of new tea shoot, such as cuttage, press strip under appropriate conditions of artificial creation.Tea tree sexual propagation lacks
Point is that tea tree is allogamy, and offspring is also easy to produce variation, and changes will occur for tea tree physiological character and quality, manages to tea place
Reason and leaf picking are made troubles, and tea leaf quality performance is also unstable.And the nursery stock of vegetative propagation be able to maintain elite stand feature and
Characteristic, the character of nursery stock is than more consistent, stable product quality, is conducive to tea garden management, and is conducive to expand the quantity of breeding.Cause
This, plants clonal cultivar, becomes the developing direction of each main product tea state of the world.Currently, external tealeaves main production country is washed in a pan substantially
Eliminate sexual group's kind, African Kenya Deng Chan tea state improved variety degree is up to 100%, Japanese tea place Clonal degree
Up to 83%, China's Clonal Tea Garden average proportions are 56.5%, and Shandong Cha Qu Clonal rate is only on 15% left side
The right side seriously constrains the optimization and upgrading of Shandong Cha Qu tea industry.
Tea cutting breeding is one of tea tree asexual reproduction method.Utilize a part of tea tree plant nutrition organ, insertion
In the nursery for moistening loose red-yellow soil, new intact plant is formed.The tea shoot performance that cutting propagation is cultivated is similar to maternal plant
Heredity be able to maintain the character and characteristic of maternal plant under identical environmental condition.Cuttage type can be attributed to：Stem cutting, leaf are inserted
And root cutting.Stem cutting method includes long fringe, middle fringe, short fringe, strap and old stalk cuttage etc..It is known as short fringe with three pieces leaf cuttings below.
Single node cutting is saved with material and breeding coefficient highest, is the propagation method that main Chan Cha state of the world generallys use.China mostly uses one
Leaf is inserted.
Seedbed in the prior art, to select, topography is flat, the good sandy loam of irrigation and drainage is advisable.If the viscous weight of soil, can fit
When mixing fine sand, sawdust or peat and vermiculite, to improve the ventilation and water-retaining property of soil.Most handy liquor potassic permanganate before cuttage
Soil disinfection is carried out, every square metre sprays 3~4 kilograms, and seedbed will hold ditch successfully, and bedside is suitable 1 meter~1.2 meters general, and high 0.3 meter is
Preferably.
The cottage method of the prior art when cuttage, cuts current year semi-lignified（Stem is brown）Shoot be inserted into cuttage
In soil.Select the good cuttings for having 1 leaf of nutrition lateral bud development.Cuttage spacing is not overlapped with leaf to be advisable.Cuttage
It is generallyd use with soil with husky mountain yellow mud (i.e. red soil), it can also be alternative with vermiculite or perlite without minishanny.Vermiculite, perlite are protected
Water, gas permeability is strong, takes root after inserting faster than minishanny.After cuttings cuttage, ground moistening, with the humid air is kept（Humidity reaches 85%
Left and right）；Temperature generally requires between 20-30 DEG C.Cuttage seeding is from cuttage to transplanting need 1 year or more the time that is out of the garden.
As seen from the above, the tea cutting propagation method of the prior art needs the time too long, causes labour's expenditure of time more,
Can not meet the needs of in production in time.In addition, practice have shown that, the survival rate of tea cutting is low, a large amount of to waste spray and training
Educate matrix, higher cost.In particular, the tea cutting of the prior art is high to season, soil, environmental condition requirement, only exist
When suitable local, suitable, suitable cuttings is selected just to can be carried out.This is to more cold, dry area such as Shandong tea
Area, existing tea cutting reproduction technique, just receives larger limitation, this is also that Shandong Cha Qu clone tea place develops slowly
One of the main reasons.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of tea cutting breeding seedbed and non-woven fabrics Light media aerosol is numerous fastly
Technology, to reach the artificial necessary condition for creating tea cutting, to improve the purpose of cutting propagation rate and cuttage survival rate.
Tea cutting provided by the utility model breeds seedbed, which is characterized in that has hierachical structure, wherein from
It is followed successively by down：
First layer is filter layer, and bottom spreads the handstone of 3-10cm thickness, and upper layer spreads the leveling of 1-3cm perlite；
The second layer is heating layer, is that heating wire is laid with above first layer perlite, is then covered with the perlite of 1-2cm thickness
It covers smooth；
Third layer is liftable layer, when summer high temperature, by mechanical lifting, has the space 10-30cm with the second layer, by wet
The flowing of curtain moisture, reaches cuttage seeding bottom cooling effect；
4th layer is nursery layer, is made of the Light media non-woven fabrics Seedling bag for discharging neat, the quantity and size of Seedling bag
It is arranged according to one bag of a seedling of requirement；
Layer 5 is ceiling, is made of the compound covering layer that arch support and bracket support；Water supply hose is laid on bracket,
Hose is equipped with water atomization spray head；It is equipped with LED light on bracket, can be cuttage seeding supplementary light, increase photosynthesis；Described answers
Close covering layer successively includes plastic film, sunshade net, insulation quilt from inside to outside；
And following auxiliary device：
Wet curtain device between the second layer and third layer, the wet curtain being equipped with by one and air blower, other end are equipped with air draft
Fan is constituted；
The heating wire of the second layer is equipped with thermostat；
The water atomization spray head that layer 5 bracket is equipped with is equipped with auto spraying control device.
Seedbed is bred based on tea cutting provided by the utility model, a kind of non-woven fabrics provided by the utility model is light
Matrix aerosol fast breeding technique, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1）, seedling medium preparation：By perlite and peat soil according to 3:1 ratio is uniformly mixed, and is packed into non-woven fabrics
In bag, using carbendazim:Thiram=1:3 compounding agent, be diluted with water 700 times carry out disinfection it is spare；
Step 2）, the preparation of cuttage branch：The tea cutting branch of selection is semi-lignified tea tree spray, i.e. stem is green
Color, not yet browning, length are greater than or equal to 15cm；Remove the blade of the above 3-5cm of cuttage branch base portion；
Step 3）, plant hormone preparation：The plant hormone of selection is：Indolebutyric acid (IBA), methyl α-naphthyl acetate (NAA), 6- benzyl ammonia
Base purine (6-BA), vitamin B6 (VB6), gibberellin (GA), usage amount is respectively：Indolebutyric acid (IBA), 50mg/L；Naphthalene second
Sour (NAA), 100mg/L；6-benzyl aminopurine, 5mg/L；Vitamin B6 (VB6), 5mg/L；Gibberellin (GA), 7.5mg/L；It will
Above-mentioned hormone is stand-by after being sufficiently mixed uniformly；
Step 4）, HORMONE TREATMENT：Tea tree spray is bundled into bundle with rubber band, is immersed in the hormone solution that step 3 prepares
In, immersion depth 2-4cm, soaking time 16h or so；
Step 5）, cuttage：Being sequentially inserted into non-woven bag through the good tea tree branch of HORMONE TREATMENT, insertion depth 3-
5cm；
Step 6）, managed after cuttage：
（6-1）Temperature and Humidity Control；The environment temperature of cuttage seeding is maintained between 20-30 DEG C, and humidity is maintained at 80% or more；
（6-2）Aerosol control；To prevent tea tree spray because of physiological dehydration caused by transpiration, after tea tree shoot cutting
It to be sprayed in due course, to form one layer of water conservation film on spray blade face, auto spraying interval time is to guarantee the dehydration of spray blade face not
It is degree more than 2/3；
（6-3）Foliage dressing；After shoot cutting 7 days, IBA that leaf surface spraying concentration is 50mg/L, concentration are 100mg/L's
NAA, the NaHSO that concentration is 200mg/L3And amino acid foliage fertilizer or urea water one time, spray an amino acid within every 10 days later
Foliar fertilizer or urea water；
（6-4）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；According to pest and disease damage a situation arises in time prevention and treatment；
（6-5）Hardening；Cuttage gradually decreases spraying after 50 days, start hardening, and hardening is out of the garden transplanting after 10 days.
Tea cutting breeding seedbed provided by the utility model and non-woven fabrics Light media aerosol fast breeding technique, for tea tree
The cuttage and quick-propagation technology of spray, good effect are mainly manifested in：
First is that breed seedbed using tea cutting, external environment condition needed for cutting propagation realizes comprehensive, overall process, complete
Factor artificial adjustment, not by seasonal effect；
Second is that can directly transplant after taking root using Light media non-woven container, not damage tea root, tea can be significantly improved
Tree species seedling planting survival rate；
Third is that tea tree spray started to take root at cuttage 30 days or so by a series of HORMONE TREATMENTs, formed after 50 days complete
Root system, hardening are out of the garden transplanting after 10 days, significantly shorten growing-seedling period.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1, the structural schematic diagram of the utility model；
Fig. 2, the structural schematic diagram of the heating layer of the utility model.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
As shown, tea cutting provided by the utility model breeds seedbed, long 5m, wide 2.5m, high 1.5m, seedbed four
Leftover bits and pieces sets directive wheel.
First layer is filter layer 1, and bottom spreads the handstone of 8cm thickness, and upper layer spreads the leveling of 1cm perlite；
The second layer is heating layer 2, is the laying 2KW heating wire 21 above perlite, and heating wire 21 is in end to end company
Continue U-shaped be laid on above perlite.Then smooth with the perlite covering of 1cm thickness, heating wire is mainly used for winter heating.
Third layer is liftable layer 3, when summer high temperature, by mechanical lifting, can have the space 15cm with the second layer, by wet
The flowing of curtain moisture, reaches cuttage seeding bottom cooling effect.
4th layer is nursery layer 4, discharges neat Light media non-woven fabrics Seedling bag, the long a height of 5cm*5cm* of * wide * of Seedling bag
8cm, one bag of a seedling, this layer can be 5000 plants of cuttage tea shoot.
Layer 5 is ceiling 5, includes arch support 51, and spacer support frame 50cm is laid with water supply hose 53 twice on bracket, soft
Four mouth atomizers 54 are equipped at interval of 50cm on pipe 53；It is equipped with LED light 55 on bracket, can be cuttage seeding supplementary light, increase
Photosynthesis；52 first layer of compound covering layer outside bracket is laid with plastic film, is mainly used for spring, autumn and Winter protection；Second
Layer is laid with 70% sunshade net of light transmittance, is mainly used for summer sunshading and temperature reducing；Third layer is laid with insulation quilt, is mainly used for winter nights
Heat preservation.
In addition, tea cutting provided by the utility model breeds seedbed, it further include following auxiliary device：
1, an outfit wet curtain and air blower in seedbed, other end are equipped with exhaust fan, when air themperature is higher than 30 in seedbed
DEG C when, wet curtain device starting, flowed by wet curtain cold wind, reduce temperature；Air themperature is lower than 30 DEG C in seedbed, and wet curtain device is not
Starting.
2, seedbed is equipped with thermostat, and when nursery bed temperature is lower than 20 DEG C, heating wire is heated by automatically controlling, when
When temperature is higher than 25 DEG C, heating wire is automatically stopped heating.
3, auto spraying control device adjusts auto spraying interval time at any time according to illumination and temperature change, guarantees skewer
The blade for inserting spray has moisture film protection.
Above-mentioned thermostat, auto spraying control device belongs to common control means, is art technology
Personnel combine technical solution disclosed by the utility model to be readily apparent that and can be realized, therefore do not illustrate excessively.
Embodiment 2
Tea cutting based on embodiment 1 breeds seedbed, and embodiment 2 discloses that a kind of non-woven fabrics Light media aerosol is numerous fastly
Technology mainly includes the following steps：
The seedling medium of selection is mainly Light media, perlite：Peat soil=3：1.Perlite, peat soil mix in proportion
Uniformly, it is packed into the non-woven bag of the long a height of 5cm*5cm*8cm of * wide *, through carbendazim:Thiram=1:3 compounding agents are diluted with water
700 times of disinfections are spare；
Semi-lignified tea tree spray is selected, i.e. the tea tree branch stem of cuttage is green, and not yet browning, length are greater than or wait
In 15cm, remove the blade of the above 3-5cm of cuttage branch base portion；
The plant hormone of selection is：Indolebutyric acid (IBA), methyl α-naphthyl acetate (NAA), 6-benzyl aminopurine (6-BA), vitamin
B6 (VB6), gibberellin (GA), usage amount is respectively：Indolebutyric acid (IBA), 50mg/L；Methyl α-naphthyl acetate (NAA), 100mg/L；6-
Benayl aminopurine, 5mg/L；Vitamin B6 (VB6), 5mg/L；Gibberellin (GA), 7.5mg/L；Above-mentioned hormone is sufficiently mixed
It is stand-by after even；I.e. in 1L mixed liquor, contain indolebutyric acid (IBA) 50mg, methyl α-naphthyl acetate (NAA) 100mg, 6-benzyl aminopurine
5mg, vitamin B6 (VB6) 5mg, gibberellin (GA) 7.5mg；
HORMONE TREATMENT：Tea tree spray is tied by 20/bundle with rubber band, is immersed in the hormone solution prepared, base portion
Immersion depth 2-4cm, soaking time 16h or so；
Cuttage：Being sequentially inserted into non-woven bag through the good tea tree branch of HORMONE TREATMENT, insertion depth 3-5cm.
The key that plant cuttage survives is that can cutting generate and be formed adventitious root, and the utility model is tender for promoting tea tree
The take root growth of especially lateral root of branch has significant effect, and lateral root growth rate reaches 98.48%, survival rate 92.59%.
It is managed after cuttage：
1, Temperature and Humidity Control：The environment temperature of cuttage seeding will be maintained between 20-30 DEG C, and humidity is maintained at 80% or more.
2, aerosol controls：To prevent tea tree spray because of physiological dehydration caused by transpiration, wanted after tea tree shoot cutting
In due course spraying, to form one layer of water conservation film on spray blade face, auto spraying interval time is to guarantee that the dehydration of spray blade face does not surpass
2/3 is crossed as degree.
3, foliage dressing：After shoot cutting 7 days, foliage-spray IBA（50mg/L）,NAA（100mg/L）,NaHSO3
（200mg/L）And amino acid foliage fertilizer or urea water one time, spray an amino acid foliage fertilizer or urea water within every 10 days later.
4, disease control：Tea tree spray aerosol breeding temperature and humidity is higher, is easy to happen disease for tea plant, should be occurred according to disease
Situation sprays sterilization pesticide prevention and treatment in time, and major antibacterial agent type has carbendazim, thiophanate methyl, thiram and Mancozeb
Deng.
5, hardening：Tea tree spray generally starts to take root after cuttage 20 days, and complete root system can be formed after 50 days, therefore,
It is gradually decreased after cuttage 50 days by spraying, starts hardening, be out of the garden transplanting after 10 days.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of tea cutting breeds seedbed, which is characterized in that there is hierachical structure, wherein be followed successively by from bottom to top：
First layer is filter layer（1）, the handstone of bottom paving 3-10cm thickness, upper layer spreads the leveling of 1-3cm perlite；
The second layer is heating layer（2）, it is to be laid with heating wire above first layer perlite（21）, then use the pearl of 1-2cm thickness
Rock covering is smooth；
Third layer is liftable layer（3）, when summer high temperature, by mechanical lifting, have the space 10-30cm with the second layer, by wet
The flowing of curtain moisture, reaches cuttage seeding bottom cooling effect；
4th layer is nursery layer（4）, it is made of the Light media non-woven fabrics Seedling bag for discharging neat, the quantity and size of Seedling bag are pressed
According to one bag of a seedling of requirement setting；
Layer 5 is ceiling（5）, by arch support（51）With the compound covering layer of bracket support（52）It constitutes；It is laid with and supplies on bracket
Water hose（53）, hose is equipped with water atomization spray head（54）；LED light is equipped on bracket（55）, can be cuttage seeding supplementary light, increase
Add photosynthesis；The compound covering layer successively includes plastic film, sunshade net, insulation quilt from inside to outside；
And following auxiliary device：
Wet curtain device between the second layer and third layer, by an outfit wet curtain and air blower, other end is equipped with exhaust fan and constitutes；
The heating wire of the second layer is equipped with thermostat；
The water atomization spray head that layer 5 bracket is equipped with is equipped with auto spraying control device.
2. tea cutting according to claim 1 breeds seedbed, it is further characterized in that, in the auxiliary device, work as seedling
When air themperature is higher than 30 DEG C in bed, wet curtain device starts, and air themperature is lower than 30 DEG C in seedbed, and wet curtain device does not start；When
When nursery bed temperature is lower than 20 DEG C, heating wire（21）It is heated by automatically controlling, when temperature is higher than 25 DEG C, heating wire（21）Automatically
Stop heating.
3. tea cutting according to claim 1 breeds seedbed, it is further characterized in that, the heating wire（21）In head and the tail
The continuous U to connect is laid on above perlite.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201820514186.6U CN208095569U (en) | 2018-04-12 | 2018-04-12 | Tea cutting breeds seedbed |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201820514186.6U CN208095569U (en) | 2018-04-12 | 2018-04-12 | Tea cutting breeds seedbed |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN208095569U true CN208095569U (en) | 2018-11-16 |
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ID=64121234
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201820514186.6U Active CN208095569U (en) | 2018-04-12 | 2018-04-12 | Tea cutting breeds seedbed |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108812274A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2018-11-16 | 日照市茶叶科学研究所 | Tea cutting breeds seedbed and tea tree spray non-woven fabrics Light media aerosol fast breeding technique |
-
2018
- 2018-04-12 CN CN201820514186.6U patent/CN208095569U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108812274A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2018-11-16 | 日照市茶叶科学研究所 | Tea cutting breeds seedbed and tea tree spray non-woven fabrics Light media aerosol fast breeding technique |
| CN108812274B (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2024-03-26 | 日照市茶叶科学研究所 | Tea tree cutting propagation seedbed and tea tree twig non-woven fabric light matrix aerosol rapid propagation technology |
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