CN206100949U - Stem leaf class vegetables and general harvester of tealeaves - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a general harvester for stem and leaf vegetables and tea leaves, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The back of the frame of the machine is hinged to the back of the support arm of the loop conveyor device, and the two sides of the front end are respectively hinged to adjust the height of the oil cylinder. The piston rod extension end of the height adjustment oil cylinder is hinged with the front end of the support arm. Leading devices are installed on both sides, and a rotary feeding device is installed above the leading devices on both sides. The support arm is located between the leading devices on both sides, and a reciprocating cutting device is installed on the back. , the support arm has arc-shaped holes and round holes distributed up and down, and fasteners passing through the arc-shaped holes and round holes are installed respectively. The utility model can not only realize the precise adjustment of the cutting height in a large range, but also ensure that the cutting stubble of the required cutting height is even and consistent, and also make the structure more compact and the mechanism simplified, so as to be able to work flexibly in facility greenhouses and tea gardens to meet the needs of stems. Harvesting needs of economic crops such as leafy vegetables, tea, wolfberry, etc.

Description

A general harvester for stem and leaf vegetables and tea

technical field

The utility model relates to a harvester, in particular to a general-purpose harvester for stem and leaf vegetables and tea leaves, belonging to the technical field of agricultural machinery.

Background technique

According to the applicant's knowledge, stem and leaf vegetables are mostly planted in facility greenhouses, and the existing stem and leaf vegetable harvesters are bulky, making it difficult to enter the shed, turn around, and work at both ends of the shed. In addition, the existing stem and leaf vegetable harvester cannot meet the harvesting requirement of low stubble because of the complicated cutting mechanism. The existing stem and leaf vegetable harvester cannot be adjusted to the height of the tea tree tea shed due to the cutting height, and lacks the cutting knife and the profiling plate leveling mechanism, so it is not suitable for tea harvesting.

According to the search, the Chinese patent application with the application number 201510839456.1 discloses a self-propelled leafy vegetable harvester, including a frame with a chassis running mechanism, a power system, a band saw cutting device, a conveying device, and a driving console. , the rear end of the conveying device is hingedly installed on the frame through the horizontal pin shaft and the longitudinal pin shaft at the same time. The profiling roller is hinged to one end of the fixed arm through a connecting plate, one end of the adjusting oil cylinder is hinged to the connecting plate, and the other end of the adjusting oil cylinder is hinged to the other end of the fixed arm. Although this utility model has the advantages of avoiding the direct contact of the band saw cutting device with the soil and ensuring the harvest quality, not only the conveying device is placed at the front end of the chassis traveling mechanism, the forward extension is too long and the structure is not compact, but also the adjustment oil cylinder is used to adjust the harvesting. The height cannot reach the cutting height of the tea tree tea shed. In addition, the cutting device of this patent lacks a knife leveling mechanism. When the cutting knife in front of the header is adjusted to a certain cutting height, it will appear that the cutting knife is not parallel to the border surface or the tea shed, resulting in uneven cutting, cutting young leaves or Soil cutting and other issues.

In addition, the Chinese patent application with the application number 201510672306.6 discloses a cutting device for stem and leaf vegetable harvesters, which consists of a ring-shaped toothed cutter, a cutter driving wheel, a cutter driven wheel, a supporting wheel, and a tensioning wheel. , wherein, the cutter driving wheel, the cutter driven wheel, the supporting wheel, and the tensioning wheel are all installed on the main frame of the header, the four wheels are distributed in a quadrangular shape, and the ring-shaped toothed cutter is wound around the cutter driving wheel, the cutter The driven wheel, supporting wheel, and tensioning wheel are driven by the driving wheel of the cutter to reciprocate in a circular motion. It is characterized in that: the diameters of the supporting wheel and the tensioning wheel are much smaller than the diameters of the driving wheel of the cutter and the driven wheel of the cutter. Simultaneously, in described cutter driving wheel, cutter driven wheel, supporting wheel, tensioning wheel, the position of the axle of three wheels is adjustable. Although the utility model has the advantages of small volume and low cost of the cutting device, and can harvest vegetables of different heights through adjustment, the drive mechanism of the belt-shaped toothed knife is complicated, and the adjustment of the knife is inconvenient, and the belt-shaped toothed knife is easy to adjust. Transmission slipping, breakage, wear and other phenomena occur, and the requirements for the elasticity, wear resistance, and strength of the cutter material are extremely high, and it is difficult to ensure that the cutting stubble is even and the height of the stubble is consistent through adjustment.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is: to propose the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, and to propose a general-purpose harvester for stem and leaf vegetables and tea leaves that can be easily adjusted in a large range to ensure that the cutting stubble is even and the stubble height is consistent, so as to meet the requirements of the harvester. The harvesting needs of various economic crops such as stem and leaf vegetables, tea, wolfberry head, etc., and the machine should have a compact structure and simplified mechanism, so as to be able to operate flexibly in facility greenhouses and tea gardens, improve operational reliability, and reduce operating costs.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the basic technical scheme of the universal harvester of the present utility model is as follows: it includes a straddle crawler type walking chassis, a frame with a channel structure is installed on the walking chassis, and a loop-type conveying device is hinged at the rear of the frame. The rear part of the support arm, the cylinder body of the height adjustment oil cylinder is respectively hinged on both sides of the front end of the frame, and the piston rod extension end of the height adjustment oil cylinder is hinged with the corresponding front end of the support arm. The two sides of the front end of the arm are respectively equipped with leading devices for supporting, separating and profiling, and a rotating feeding device is installed above the leading devices on both sides, and the support arm is located at the rear and lower between the leading devices on both sides A reciprocating cutting device with a cutting knife is installed, and the two ends of the cutting device respectively extend out installation arms with vertical slots, and the position of the support arm corresponding to the vertical slots has arc-shaped holes distributed up and down and A round hole, the upper and lower parts of the vertical slot are respectively installed with fasteners passing through the arc-shaped hole and the round hole.

When in use, according to the required harvesting height, the telescoping of the piston rod of the oil cylinder can be adjusted by controlling the height, and the hinged inclination angle of the support arm can be adjusted, so as to preliminarily determine the height of the front cutting device from the ground, and then install the vertical groove of the arm with the help of the cutting device The relative installation position of the hole and the round hole and arc-shaped hole on the support arm can be adjusted to the level of the cutting knife at the same time, and its height position can be fine-tuned.

Therefore, by adopting the utility model, through convenient adjustment, the precise adjustment of the cutting height can be realized in a large range, so that the cutting knife is in the ideal cutting position, thereby ensuring that the cutting stubble of the required cutting height is even and consistent, and meets the needs of stem and leaf vegetables. The demand for high-quality harvesting of economic crops such as , tea, wolfberry, etc.

The further improvement of the utility model is that the front end of the support arm is equipped with an L-shaped mounting plate for holding grains, and the mounting plate for holding grains has upper and lower transverse grooves corresponding to the arc-shaped holes and round holes respectively. , the lower transverse grooves are respectively installed through the fasteners of the arc-shaped holes and round holes; There are vertical long slots corresponding to the positions of the through holes and the arc holes, the upper and lower sides of the vertical long slots are respectively installed with fasteners passing through the through holes and the arc holes.

With the help of the fixedly connected installation structure, it is possible to conveniently adjust the protruding distance of the Fuhe relative to the cutting device, as well as its own horizontal position and finely adjusted height position. This helps to further ensure the harvest quality when harvesting various economic crops.

Further, the reciprocating cutting device is composed of a sawtooth cutter driven by a cutting motor through a crank linkage mechanism or an eccentric slider mechanism.

Still further, the loop-back conveying device is composed of a motor-driven driving conveying roller, a driven conveying roller and a conveying belt looped between the two wheels, and a collecting device is arranged below the output end.

Furthermore, a side operating system is placed on one side of the rack.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of an embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a planar projection structure diagram of the embodiment in Fig. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a top view structural diagram of FIG. 2 .

Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the front end of Fig. 2 .

In the figure: 1. Leading device; 2. Rotary feeding device; 3. Reciprocating cutting device; 4. Rack; Device; 9. Loop-back conveying device; 10. Side operating system.

detailed description

Embodiment one

Stem and leaf vegetables and tealeaves general-purpose harvester of the present embodiment are as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 4, and the frame 4 of channel structure is installed on the straddle crawler type walking chassis 7 driven by walking transmission system 6, the rear portion of frame 4 The rear part of the support arm 4-1 of the hinged return loop conveying device 9 is hinged through the hinged shaft 9-1, and the cylinder body of the height adjustment oil cylinder 5 is hinged by the J-shaped connector 5-1 on both sides of the front end of the frame 4 respectively. The extended end of the piston rod of the height adjustment oil cylinder 5 is hinged with the forward end of the corresponding support arm 4-1. A side operating system 10 is arranged on one side of the frame 4 . The loop-back conveying device 9 is composed of a driving conveying roller driven by a motor 9M, a driven conveying roller and a conveying belt (synchronous belt) looped between the two wheels, and a collecting device 8 is arranged below the output end.

Both sides of the front end of the support arm 4-1 are respectively equipped with a leading device 1, and the effect of the leading device 1 is to help the grain, divide the grain, and copy the shape, to lift up the lodging crops at the cutting ends, automatically separate the cut and uncut crops, and its The bottom end is close to the border or tea shed to control the cutting height. A rotary feeding device 2 is installed on the top between the leading devices 1 on both sides. The rotary feeding device 2 is similar to the prior art and consists of an eccentric adjustment wheel shaft and reel plates (or brushes) distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction. , connected with the rotary drive motor 2M transmission.

The support arm 4-1 is located at the rear and lower part between the leading devices 1 on both sides, and a reciprocating cutting device 3 is installed. The reciprocating cutting device 3 is composed of a sawtooth cutter driven by a cutting motor 3M through a crank linkage mechanism or an eccentric wheel slider mechanism. Mounting arms 31 with vertical slots 32 extend from both ends respectively, and the position of the support arm 4-1 corresponding to the vertical slots 32 has arc-shaped holes 33 and circular holes distributed up and down, and the vertical slots 32 The fastening bolts passing through the arc-shaped hole 33 and the circular hole are respectively installed up and down. The front end of support arm 4-1 is equipped with L-shaped grain holding plate 4-2, and the mounting plate 4-2 has upper and lower transverse grooves corresponding to arc-shaped holes 33 and circular holes respectively, and the upper and lower transverse grooves Install the fastening bolts passing through the arc-shaped hole 33 and the circular hole respectively. The front end of the Fuhe mounting plate 4-2 has perforations and arc holes 1-2 distributed up and down, and the installation position of the leading device 1 has a vertical long groove 1 corresponding to the positions of the perforations and arc holes 1-2. -1, the upper and lower vertical slots 1-1 are respectively installed with fastening bolts passing through the perforated holes and arc holes 1-2.

The travel transmission system 6 is driven by a wheel motor or a hydrostatic stepless drive axle. When turning, it can control the left and right crawlers to travel in different directions, so zero-radius steering can be realized; the height adjustment cylinder is controlled by an electric push rod (or hydraulic cylinder, mechanical transmission) , cylinder) and so on.

When working, the driver first adjusts the height from the vegetable bed (tea canopy) by adjusting the installation height of the cutting device and the angle of the cutter according to the growth characteristics of the harvested crops, cutting height requirements and planting agronomic conditions; The height and front and back position of the cutter of the cutting device; then adjust the working speed of each part according to the planting density of the crops, and start the walking transmission system after the working parts are running stably. At this time, as the machine moves forward, the stem and leaf vegetables (tea leaves) in front are constantly cut off by the cutting knife of the reciprocating cutting device, and are dumped backward on the loop conveyor belt under the action of the rotating feeding device; and At the same time, the lodging crops on both sides of the vegetable bed are also smoothly cut and transported under the help of the leading device; with the rotary motion of the conveyor belt, the cut stem and leaf vegetables (tea) are transported backward and upward, and finally to the rear collection In the device; when the collection box under the conveyor belt is full, the vegetable collector will replace the empty box in time to continue collecting; the driver and the vegetable collector can observe the harvesting status of the crops in real time through the window above the conveyor belt and the frame cover.

The test shows that adopting this embodiment has the following significant advantages: straddle-row crawler-type walking mode, the implements can walk in the ditch without crushing the vegetables; , Harvesting on borders), can be extended to multi-crop harvesting (water spinach), stem and leaf vegetables, tea, etc. It adopts side control and conveyor belt embedded method, which is more compact than the existing machine tool structure, greatly shortening the length dimension, better working effect in the machine tool shed and tea garden, and more flexible steering; a wide range of harvest objects: stem and leaf vegetables (chicken feathers) Vegetables, clover, goji berries, etc.), tea.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of stem leafy vegetable and the general cropper of Folium Camelliae sinensis, including inter-bank crawler-type traveling chassis（7）, in the walking chassis The frame of channel design is installed（4）, it is characterised in that：The rear portion hinge of the frame reinstalls ring type conveyer device（9）Support arm （4-1）Dress height control cylinder is cut with scissors respectively in rear portion, the front end both sides of the frame（5）Cylinder body, the height control cylinder Piston rod external part is hinged with the corresponding support arm anterior extension end, the front end both sides of the support arm be respectively provided with help standing grain, point standing grain, The leading device of profiling effect（1）, top is equipped with rotation feeding unit between the leading device in both sides（2）, the support arm is positioned at two The back lower place between the leading device in side is installed by the reciprocating-type cutting device with cutter（3）, the two ends difference of the cutter sweep Extend with vertical slotted eye（32）Installing arm（31）, the position of the vertical slotted eye of support arm correspondence has upper and lower distribution Arcuate socket（33）And circular hole, the upper and lower securing member being respectively mounted through the arcuate socket and circular hole of the vertical slotted eye.

2. stem leafy vegetable according to claim 1 and the general cropper of Folium Camelliae sinensis, it is characterised in that：The front end of the support arm Help standing grain installing plate equipped with L-shaped, it is described help on standing grain installing plate have upper and lower correspond to the horizontal of the arcuate socket and circular hole respectively Groove, upper and lower transverse groove is respectively mounted the securing member through the arcuate socket and circular hole；It is described to help the anterior extension end of standing grain installing plate to have Upper and lower distribution perforation and circular hole, the installation position of the leading device is with corresponding with the perforation and circular arc hole site Vertical elongated slot, the vertical elongated slot it is upper and lower be respectively mounted through it is described perforation and circular hole securing member.

3. stem leafy vegetable according to claim 2 and the general cropper of Folium Camelliae sinensis, it is characterised in that：The reciprocating cutting Device is consisted of cutting motor the sawtooth cutter that toggle or eccentric wheel sliding block mechanism drive.

4. stem leafy vegetable according to claim 3 and the general cropper of Folium Camelliae sinensis, it is characterised in that：The winding formula conveying Device is made up of motor-driven active conveying roller, the conveyer belt of driven conveying roller and winding between two-wheeled, its outfan Positioned beneath collection device.

5. stem leafy vegetable according to claim 4 and the general cropper of Folium Camelliae sinensis, it is characterised in that：The side of the frame Placement side operating system.