CN205546455U - Suppressing mechanism and alfalfa grass seeder - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a suppressing mechanism and an alfalfa seeder, which belong to the field of agricultural machinery. The suppressing mechanism includes a connecting frame, a front suppressing wheel and a rear suppressing wheel, and the front suppressing wheel and the rear suppressing wheel are arranged in parallel at intervals; the front suppressing wheel includes a roller Shaft and multiple pressure rollers, multiple pressure rollers are arranged outside the roller shaft along the axial direction of the roller shaft, and a plurality of hobbing teeth are arranged at annular intervals on each pressure roller; the roller shaft is rotatably connected with the connecting frame, or the pressure roller is connected with the The roller turns the connection. The alfalfa seeder includes a body, the top of the body is provided with a seed box, and the bottom of the body is provided with the above-mentioned suppressing mechanism. This suppressing mechanism, when connected to the alfalfa seeder, can treat the cultivated land, so that the seeds can obtain a good living environment, improve the emergence rate and emergence speed, and improve the planting efficiency.

Description

A suppression mechanism and alfalfa seeder

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a suppression mechanism and an alfalfa seeder.

Background technique

Alfalfa is a general term for plants of the genus Medicago, which is a perennial flowering plant, the most famous of which is alfalfa as pasture. Alfalfa is an important livestock feed.

Alfalfa is known as the king of pastures. The crude protein content of its products can reach 18% to 25%, and it contains a variety of vitamins and minerals. Attaching great importance to it, the "Action to Revitalize the Dairy Industry and Alfalfa Development" was launched. It is proposed to support the construction of 33,000 square kilometers of high-yield and high-quality alfalfa demonstration areas in the three major regions of Northeast China, North China, and Northwest China. Driven by the project, the planting area of high-quality alfalfa across the country has rapidly expanded, and the output of commercial alfalfa has increased significantly. The efficient and productive planting mode of alfalfa is inseparable from supporting machinery and equipment, and mechanized alfalfa planting needs to adapt to the agronomic requirements of alfalfa seed sowing.

Taking alfalfa as an example, the seed buds of this grass are weak, its top soil strength is poor, and its growth is slow at the seedling stage, so it is easy to be harmed by weeds. Before sowing, it is necessary to carefully prepare the land, do deep plowing and fine harrowing, make the top empty and the bottom solid, without weeds, and fertilize the barren land before sowing. The time of sowing depends on the local climate and the harvest period of previous crops. In plain agricultural areas, it can be sown in spring, summer and autumn. The sowing rate is generally 1 to 1.5 kg per mu. The best sowing depth is about 2-3 cm.

At present, there are relatively few seeders for alfalfa in my country, most of which are transformed from crop sowing machinery, and the sowing form is mainly drill, which has limited adaptability to the agronomic requirements of alfalfa seed sowing.

At present, the sowing mechanism used in the sowing process of alfalfa is very backward, and the treatment of the soil and pavement before and after sowing is not in place, so that the seed sowing position is unreasonable, and the burial is not enough, the seed emergence rate is low, the planting cost is high, and the profit is low.

Taking the dry field reverse burying grass seeder as an example, the patent application No. 201510317555.3 discloses this dry field reverse burying grass seeder, and a reverse rotary tiller is installed on the lower part of the frame. The cutter shaft is driven by the intermediate transmission gearbox; there is a seed box above the rear of the frame, a seed box is set on the seed box, and a large sprocket is set on the seed shaft on the seed box. The lower part of the box is provided with a seed delivery tube; a ground spoke disc is provided at the rear and lower part of the frame, and several round tubes are arranged on the circumference of the ground spoke disc, and a small sprocket is fixedly connected to the ground wheel shaft of the ground spoke disc , the large sprocket and the small sprocket are connected by a chain; a baffle plate is arranged above the rotary tiller, and several arc-shaped grid bars arranged at intervals are connected to the rear of the baffle plate. The planter can complete the reverse crushing, grass burying, and sowing operations at one time, which can reduce the number of times the tractor presses the ground.

The seeder with this structure just can't handle the road surface well in the sowing process, the position of the seeds after sowing is not suitable, the growth environment is poor, the emergence rate is low, and the effect is relatively poor.

Utility model content

The utility model provides a suppressing mechanism and an alfalfa seeder, aiming at solving the above problems.

The utility model is achieved in that:

A pressing mechanism, comprising a connecting frame, a front pressing wheel and a rear pressing wheel, the front pressing wheels and the rear pressing wheels are arranged in parallel and at intervals; the front pressing wheel includes a roller shaft and a plurality of pressing rollers, and the plurality of pressing rollers It is arranged on the outside of the roller shaft along the axis direction of the roller shaft, and a plurality of hobbing gears are arranged at annular intervals on each of the pressure rollers; the roller shaft is rotatably connected with the connecting frame, or the pressure roller is rotatably connected with the roller shaft. Further, an embossed groove is formed between two adjacent hobbing teeth, and the embossed groove is semicircular.

Further, two adjacent pressing rollers are attached to each other.

Further, the length of the front pressing wheel is the same as that of the rear pressing wheel, the diameter of the front pressing wheel is larger than that of the rear pressing wheel, and the width of the pressing rollers in the front pressing wheel is consistent with the width of the pressing rollers in the rear pressing wheel.

Further, the roller width of the pressing roller is 60 mm, the tooth width of the hobbing teeth is 30 mm, and the tooth spacing between two hobbing teeth is 30 mm; the diameter of the front pressing wheel is 315 mm, and the diameter of the rear pressing wheel is 30 mm. The diameter is 265mm.

Further, the number of pressing rollers on the front pressing wheel is 39, and the number of pressing rollers on the rear pressing wheel is 38.

Further, the bottom of the front pressing wheel and the bottom of the rear pressing wheel are located in the same horizontal plane, and the axis of the front pressing wheel is higher than the axis of the rear pressing wheel.

An alfalfa seeder, which uses the above-mentioned suppressing mechanism, includes a body, the top of the body is provided with a seed box, and the bottom of the body is provided with the suppressing mechanism.

Further, a seed meter is connected to the bottom of the seed box, and the outlet end of the seed meter is located above the rear of the front pressing wheel and above the front of the rear pressing wheel.

Further, the seed metering device includes a plurality of blanking mechanisms, and the arrangement direction of the multiple blanking mechanisms is consistent with the length direction of the front pressing wheel.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the suppressing mechanism obtained by the utility model through the above-mentioned design, when connected to the alfalfa seeder for use, can process the cultivated land, so that the seeds can obtain a good living environment, improve the emergence rate and emergence speed, Improve planting efficiency.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following drawings will be briefly introduced in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, it should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is an axonometric schematic view of the front pressing wheel in the pressing mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of the front pressing wheel in the pressing mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of the front pressing wheel in the pressing mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the axonometric schematic view of the alfalfa seeder provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic side view of the alfalfa planter provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic front view of the alfalfa seeder provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic bottom view of the alfalfa seeder provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

The marks in the figure are:

Body 301; blanking mechanism 302; seed box 303; material distribution plate 304; front pressing wheel 305; rear pressing wheel 306; connecting frame 307; pressing roller 308;

detailed description

In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described The embodiments described above are some of the embodiments of the present utility model, but not all of them. Based on the implementation manners in the present utility model, all other implementation manners obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the implementation manners in the present utility model, all other implementation manners obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms indicating orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying the Means that a device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

In this utility model, terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited. Connection, or integration; it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can be direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, the first feature above or below the second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, and may also include that the first and second features are not in direct contact. Rather, through additional characteristic contact between them. Moreover, the first feature on, above and above the second feature includes the first feature directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally higher than the second feature. The first feature being below, below and below the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower level than the second feature.

Embodiment 1, please refer to Fig. 1-Fig. 3.

This embodiment provides a suppressing mechanism, which is suitable for a seeder, where the seeder can be an alfalfa seeder, or a corn seeder, wheat seeder, etc. During the sowing process, the soil is treated to make the living environment of the seeds better, which is more conducive to the growth of seedlings, improves the emergence rate, and improves the planting efficiency.

This suppressing mechanism mainly includes a connecting frame 307, a front suppressing wheel 305 and a rear suppressing wheel 306, and the front suppressing wheel 305 and the rear suppressing wheel 306 are arranged in parallel at intervals; the connecting frame 307 serves to connect and support the front suppressing wheel 305 and the rear suppressing wheel 306 function, and assemble the suppression mechanism to the seeder during assembly. Its specific structure can be designed by those skilled in the art according to experience and actual needs. Its material can adopt common cast iron or steel. Its structure can be integrally formed, and can also be connected by means of welding or the like.

The basic structures of the front pressing wheel 305 and the rear pressing wheel 306 are the same. The front pressing wheel 305 is taken as an example for illustration. The front pressing wheel 305 includes a roller 310 and a plurality of pressing rollers 308, and the plurality of pressing rollers 308 are along the axis direction of the roller 310. Located on the outside of the roller 310 , a plurality of hobbing teeth 309 are provided on each pressing roller 308 at annular intervals; the roller 310 mainly plays a supporting role and supports the plurality of pressing rollers 308 connected to the outside. When the front pressing wheel 305 of this structure is working, the hobbing teeth 309 touch the ground, and during the rolling process, the large soil clods on the bottom surface are crushed, the small stones are pressed down, the seedbed is compacted, and it plays a role in ditching. The role of the device. After the seeds are sown, the seeds are pressed into the soil by the compacting action of the rear pressing wheel 306, so that the seeds are located at a suitable depth to obtain the highest emergence rate and the fastest emergence speed.

The roller 310 is rotatably connected to the connecting frame 307 , or the pressing roller 308 is rotatably connected to the roller 310 . Both connection methods can realize the rolling of the pressing roller 308 .

Therefore, it can be seen that when the suppressing mechanism of this structure is connected to the seeder for use, it can treat the cultivated land, make the seeds obtain a good living environment, improve the emergence rate and emergence speed, and improve the planting efficiency.

A plurality of hobbing teeth 309 are arranged at annular intervals on the side of the pressing roller 308 , furthermore, a pressing groove 311 is formed between two adjacent hobbing teeth 309 , and the pressing groove 311 is semicircular. This structure arranged at intervals makes the distribution of the hobbing teeth 309 more reasonable, and can better crush large soil clods and press small stones into the soil.

A plurality of pressing rollers 308 are arranged at intervals outside the roller shaft 310 , specifically, two adjacent pressing rollers 308 are in contact with each other. The positional relationship of the affixation makes there is no substantial connection relationship between the two pressing rollers 308 , so that the movement between the plurality of pressing rollers 308 will not produce relative influence. When one or more of the pressing rollers 308 encountered a large rock in the process of moving forward, it was blocked, the speed dropped and slipped, and the other pressing rollers 308 would not be affected by this situation, and would continue to follow the original state. Forward. Therefore, the pressing roller 308 arranged in this way can better and more comprehensively treat the cultivated land road surface.

Specifically, the length of the front pressing wheel 305 is consistent with that of the rear pressing wheel 306, and the setting of the same length enables the pressing mechanism to handle a wide range of road surfaces at the same time; the diameter of the front pressing wheel 305 is greater than that of the rear pressing wheel 306, and the front pressing wheel 305 It is necessary to process large clods and stones, so the larger size makes it stronger and has a greater force; the rear pressing wheel 306 processes the road surface after sowing, and the smaller size makes the force more moderate, which can It plays the role of protecting the seeds, and the setting of different sizes and qualities one after the other makes the seeder using the suppression mechanism move forward more smoothly; The width of 308 is consistent. This setting makes the pressing roller 308 in the front pressing wheel 305 and the pressing roller 308 in the rear pressing wheel 306 can be staggered mutually, and the small ridge that the front pressing wheel 305 can be extruded by the rear pressing wheel 306 can be separated, and the soil around the seed is compacted.

When the pressing roller 308 rolls forward on the soil, it mainly consumes energy from the following three aspects:

(1) Compaction resistance Rc: the work consumed by the pressure roller 308 to form ruts or tooth holes on the soil during the movement, Rc is directly related to the subsidence of the pressure roller 308, and the calculation formula is:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; R</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; c</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; K</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; z</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}$

in

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; z</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&lsqb;</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; W</span>}}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; K</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; B</span>}\sqrt{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; D.</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&rsqb;</span>}^{\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}$

In the formula, K——inelastic deformation modulus;

_kc — characteristic parameters related to soil cohesion;

— characteristic parameters related to the friction force of the soil;

B——the width of the pressing roller 308;

n - subsidence index;

z—the sinking amount of the pressing roller 308;

W——the load of the pressing roller 308 (comprising the weight of the pressing roller 308 itself);

D——the diameter of the pressing roller 308;

(2) Bulldozing resistance Rb: When the pressing roller 308 rolls, a wave-shaped protrusion (bow wave) will be formed in front of the pressing roller 308, that is, the phenomenon of "blocked soil".

(3) Adhesive resistance Ra: It is represented by the adhesion of soil on the pressing roller 308 to form an adhesive resistance Ra. Due to the many and complex factors affecting adhesion, there is no proper mathematical formula to express it.

The resistance F received by the pressing roller 308 in the process of compacting the soil is calculated as:

F＝R _c +R _b +R _a

After long-term experiments and careful calculations, in this embodiment, the roller width of the pressing roller 308 is 60mm, the tooth width of the hobbing teeth 309 is 30mm, and the tooth spacing between the two hobbing teeth 309 is 30mm; the front pressing roller 305 The diameter of the wheel is 315mm, and the diameter of the rear pressing wheel 306 is 265mm. Each component of this size is more reasonable when used, and the effect of cultivating land is better.

The number of pressing rollers 308 on the front pressing wheel 305 is 39, and the number of pressing rollers 308 on the rear pressing wheel 306 is 38. The setting of this quantity makes the pressing roller 308 on the front pressing wheel 305 and the pressing roller 308 on the rear pressing wheel 306 can be misplaced mutually, and plays good cultivation effect.

Specifically, the bottom of the front pressing wheel 305 and the bottom of the rear pressing wheel 306 are located in the same horizontal plane, and the axis of the front pressing wheel 305 is higher than the axis of the rear pressing wheel 306 .

Embodiment 2, please refer to Fig. 4-Fig. 7.

This embodiment provides an alfalfa seeder, using the suppressing mechanism in Embodiment 1, including a body 301, which is the main structural part of the alfalfa seeder. The top of the body 301 is provided with a seed box 303, and the bottom of the body 301 is provided with a suppression mechanism. Seeds are placed in the seed box 303, and the suppression mechanism plays the role of compacting the road surface. The alfalfa seeder with this structure can treat and sow the cultivated land soil to increase the germination rate.

Specifically, a seed meter is connected to the bottom of the seed box 303 , and the outlet end of the seed meter is located at the upper rear of the front pressing wheel 305 and at the upper front of the rear pressing wheel 306 . The seed meter is used for seeding, and the seeds are discharged from the seed box 303 to the road surface.

The seed metering device includes multiple blanking mechanisms 302 , and the arrangement direction of the multiple blanking mechanisms 302 is consistent with the length direction of the front pressing wheel 305 . Multiple blanking mechanisms 302 are responsible for blanking (ie seeds) at the same time, so that the seeds are evenly sprinkled, the seedlings are uniform, and the emergence speed is faster. More specifically, a material distribution plate 304 is provided below the blanking mechanism 302, and a material distribution plate 304 is provided with a material distribution hole. Through the setting of the material distribution plate 304 and the material discharge hole, the seeds can be more evenly sprinkled on the road surface, Make the germination rate higher.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. For those skilled in the art, the present utility model can have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A suppressing mechanism, characterized in that it comprises a connecting frame, a front suppressing wheel and a rear suppressing wheel, and the front suppressing wheel and the rear suppressing wheel are arranged in parallel at intervals; the front suppressing wheel includes a roller shaft and a plurality of suppressing rollers, The plurality of pressing rollers are arranged outside the roller shaft along the axial direction of the roller shaft, and each of the pressing rollers is provided with a plurality of hobbing teeth at annular intervals; the roller shaft is rotatably connected with the connecting frame, or the pressing roller Rotate connection with roller. 2 . The pressing mechanism according to claim 1 , wherein a pressing groove is formed between two adjacent hobbing teeth, and the pressing groove is semicircular. 3. The pressing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that two adjacent pressing rollers are in contact with each other. 4. The pressing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the length of the front pressing wheel is consistent with that of the rear pressing wheel, the diameter of the front pressing wheel is larger than the diameter of the rear pressing wheel, and the width of the pressing roller in the front pressing wheel is the same as that of the rear pressing wheel. The width of the pressure rollers in the rear pressure rollers is consistent. 5. The pressing mechanism according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, the roll width of the pressing roller is 60mm, the tooth width of the hobbing teeth is 30mm, and the tooth spacing between two hobbing teeth 30mm; the diameter of the front pressing wheel is 315mm, and the diameter of the rear pressing wheel is 265mm. 6. The pressing mechanism according to claim 5, wherein the number of pressing rollers on the front pressing wheel is 39, and the number of pressing rollers on the rear pressing wheel is 38. 7. The pressing mechanism according to claim 5, wherein the bottom of the front pressing wheel and the bottom of the rear pressing wheel are located in the same horizontal plane, and the axis of the front pressing wheel is higher than the axis of the rear pressing wheel. 8. An alfalfa seeder, using the suppression mechanism according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that it comprises a body, the top of the body is provided with a seed box, and the bottom of the body is provided with the suppression mechanism. 9. The alfalfa seeder according to claim 8, wherein a seed meter is connected to the bottom of the seed box, and the outlet end of the seed meter is located above the rear of the front pressing wheel and in front of the rear pressing wheel. above. 10. The alfalfa seeder according to claim 9, wherein the seed metering device comprises a plurality of blanking mechanisms, and the arrangement direction of the multiple blanking mechanisms is consistent with the length direction of the front pressing wheel .