CN205430649U

CN205430649U - Transparent electric heat membrane of low -voltage, high temperature electric heat piece

Info

Publication number: CN205430649U
Application number: CN201520956801.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冯冠平; 刘海滨; 谭化兵
Original assignee: WUXI GEFEI ELECTRONIC FILM TECHNOLOGY CO LTD; Shenzhen Grahope New Materials Technologies Inc
Current assignee: Grahope New Materials Technologies Inc; Wuxi Graphene Film Co ltd
Priority date: 2015-04-24
Filing date: 2015-11-26
Publication date: 2016-08-03
Anticipated expiration: 2025-11-26
Also published as: CN104869676A; CN105517215A; CN105517215B

Abstract

The utility model discloses a transparent electric heat membrane of low -voltage, including transparent substrate, transparent conducting film, electrode, transparent conducting film is formed at at least one side of transparent substrate, the electrode comprises busbar and a plurality of inner electrode, and the inner electrode is extended in opposite directions by the busbar and forms interdigital electrode, the electrode be located that transparent conducting film goes up and with the transparent conducting film electrical contact. And disclose a high temperature electric heat piece, including substrate, zone of heating, electrode, electrode structure is interdigitated or is two parallel strip column structures. The utility model discloses a setting of busbar and inner electrode, reduce two electric interelectrode intervals and make two electric interelectrode transparent conducting film's resistance reduce to low voltage power supply can be used, daily lithium battery voltage normally can be adopted, reach rapid heating to 90 180 DEG C. Can set up two sets of electrodes on graphite alkene two sides, the homogeneity of heating can further be guaranteed like this to the inner electrode of these the two sets of electrodes certain distance that staggers, puies forward the temperature of high pressure heater heat under same low -voltage.

Description

A kind of low-voltage transparent electric heating film, high-temperature electric backing

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of transparent electric heating film, especially a kind of low-voltage transparent electric heating film；Meanwhile, the utility model is also Relate to a kind of high-temperature electric backing；Transparent electric heating film and high-temperature electric backing all belong to Electric radiant Heating Film field.

Background technology

Transparent heating film is typically employed in film material plated surface transparent conducting coating, then makes conductive electrode on conductive coating surface, Electrode is usually two parallel bonding jumpers, and two bonding jumpers connect positive source and negative pole respectively, and electric current flows through transparent conducting coating and produces Heat, (sees the patent of Publication No. CN103828482A) as shown in Figure 1.Current conventional electrically conducting transparent layer graphene, The square resistance when thickness is relatively thin such as CNT, ITO, FTO, AZO is relatively big, and this makes to use higher supply voltage Heating requirements could be met, be unfavorable for that the safety of Electric radiant Heating Film and portability use requirement；And, make though thickness increases to reduce With voltage, but add material cost, reduce production efficiency and light transmittance simultaneously.

Publication No. CN102883486A, entitled " a kind of transparent electrical-heating film based on Graphene and preparation method thereof " In patent, transparent electrical-heating film includes transparent flexible substrate, transparent flexible substrate arranges graphene film, graphene film sets Be conductively connected nethike embrane, be conductively connected nethike embrane and be provided with electrode, electrode be conductively connected nethike embrane and graphene film electrically connects；Electrode On overcoat is set, overcoat covers on electrode, and covers at graphene film and be conductively connected on nethike embrane.This patent proposes to adopt With Graphene and be conductively connected the nethike embrane transparent heating material as Electric radiant Heating Film, the method can reduce whole by being conductively connected nethike embrane The sheet resistance of body transparent conductive material, but have a disadvantage in that

1) sheet resistance being conductively connected nethike embrane is generally much less than Graphene sheet resistance, and the two is and connects relation, so plays heat effect Be mainly conductively connected nethike embrane rather than Graphene.

2) < 5 μm are easily burned out making Electric radiant Heating Film lose efficacy when using conventional metal material energising to be conductively connected the line footpath of nethike embrane.

Also it is proposed that a kind of Graphene flexible and transparent heating element heater and preparation method thereof in prior art, for strengthening the uniformity of heating Use patterned transparent electrode, receiving electrode in the middle part of transparency electrode.But patterned electrodes also uses transparent conductive material, lead because of transparent Electric material electric conductivity is poor, also is difficult to obtain and reduces the effect using voltage, it is therefore necessary to use multilayer after introducing patterned electrodes (5-6 layer) Graphene reduces resistance and uses voltage to reduce.If additionally, use two parallel poles rather than patterned electrodes, The heating uniformity then obtained is poor, more than thermal self-restraint stress and minimum point difference 60K, it is difficult to realize practical requirement.

Utility model content

In order to solve problems of the prior art, the utility model provides a kind of low-voltage transparent electric heating film, this transparent electrical Hotting mask can work under low-voltage (≤12V), reaches intended temperature.

Further, this transparent electric heating film heating uniformity is good.

Further, this transparent electric heating film uses relatively thin transparency conducting layer heating, when using Graphene as transparency conducting layer Can use single-layer graphene, this Electric radiant Heating Film uses the lowest voltage (such as≤1.5V) can obtain and conventional transparent Electric radiant Heating Film simultaneously Identical heating effect, and rise heating functioin be transparency conducting layer.

In order to solve aforementioned technical problem, reaching above-mentioned technique effect, the utility model provides following technical scheme:

A kind of low-voltage transparent electric heating film, including transparent base, transparency conducting layer, electrode；Transparency conducting layer is formed at transparent base At least side of material；Electrode is made up of busbar and some interior electrodes, and interior electrode is extended towards by busbar and forms interdigital electrode； Electrode is positioned on transparency conducting layer and makes electrical contact with transparency conducting layer.

Preferably, electrode is made up of thick busbar and some thin interior electrodes, and busbar connects the negative or positive electrode of power supply so that Two adjacent interior polarities of electrode are contrary, and the electric current that during energising, positive bus bar provides is electric in being flowed into corresponding negative pole by electrode in each positive pole Extremely finally all import negative bus bar.

Preferably, the negative or positive electrode of busbar one termination power.

It is further preferred that positive and negative two set electrodes, the interior electrode of this two sets electrode can be respectively provided with on transparency conducting layer two sides Stagger certain distance, and the most positive and negative interdigital electrode is respectively placed in transparency conducting layer both sides, formed by transparency conducting layer separate interdigital Electrode, it is ensured that electric current, uniformly through transparency conducting layer, so can be further ensured that the uniformity of heating.

Preferably, the material of transparency conducting layer is including but not limited to Graphene, CNT, ITO, FTO, AZO etc..

Preferably, electrode can be made up of transparent conductive material, and wherein, preferred transparent electrode material is Graphene.

Preferably, electrode is positioned on graphene layer and is integrally formed with graphene layer.

Preferably, electrode material is including but not limited to silver, material that the silver electric conductivity such as slurry, copper, copper slurry, aluminium, ITO is good. Electrode material is optimal with Copper Foil.

Preferably, electrode can be formed between transparent base and transparency conducting layer.

Preferably, transparent base can be glass or polymer, and transparent base is including but not limited to PET, PVC, PE, PC etc. Film.It is highly preferred that polymer can be: PET, PMMA, PVDF, PANI, or a combination thereof thing.

Preferably, described transparency conducting layer is single or multiple lift Graphene.Most preferably single-layer graphene.

The application of electrode of special construction of the present utility model on single-layer graphene, can make this transparent electric heating film low-voltage (≤ Work under 12V), more low-voltage can be used on multi-layer graphene.

Preferably, graphene layer can use adulterant；It is highly preferred that adulterant can be inorganic/organic blended dose.

Preferably, can on electrode and graphene layer protective mulch；It is highly preferred that protective layer can use flexible clear materials.

Preferably, the material of transparent covering layer is including but not limited to films such as PET, PVC, PE, PC.

Preferably, can be by electrode serial or parallel connection of the present utility model.

Preferably, can be by transparent electric heating film serial or parallel connection of the present utility model.

Further, described interior electrode is linear, waveform or zigzag, and described busbar is according to the shape of Electric radiant Heating Film and should By demand, can linear, shaped form, the pattern form of busbar and interior electrode composition is according to the shape of Electric radiant Heating Film and application need Ask, it is possible to surround square, circular, oval or arbitrary shape.

It is furthermore preferred that described busbar is positioned at the edge of transparency conducting layer, and contact well with transparency conducting layer, described interior electrode Being extended to another busbar by a busbar, adjacent inner electrodes, from different busbars, extends towards.

Further, utility model people of the present utility model finds, for obtaining good temperature homogeneity at lower voltages, for The electrode of the utility model special construction, final warming temperature, initial temperature, supply voltage, electrode spacing and transparent lead in two The square resistance of electric layer meets equation below:

T=kU²/d²R+t (1)

Wherein: in two electrode spacing according to electrically conducting transparent laminated on interior electrode spacing calculate,

T initial temperature, unit is DEG C；

T Electric radiant Heating Film institute of heating up is to final warming temperature, and unit is DEG C；

U supply voltage, unit is V, U≤12V；

Electrode spacing in d, unit is cm；

R transparency conducting layer square resistance, unit is Ω/；

K constant, span is that 10-200, k span has different according to the coefficient of conductivity between Electric radiant Heating Film from air, And the coefficient of conductivity between Electric radiant Heating Film and air is inversely proportional to.

Use the electrode of the utility model special construction, make two interelectrode electrically conducting transparents by interelectrode spacing in reducing two The resistance of layer reduces, and is a kind of optimization approach so that use low voltage power supply to be possibly realized.Normally can use daily lithium electricity Cell voltage, i.e. can reach rapid heat temperature raising.

Preferably, the busbar of Electric radiant Heating Film and interior electrode can be same material, it is possible to for different materials, its length is according to electric heating The size design of film.For ensure temperature homogeneity, the width of busbar and thickness need to consider material therefor current carrying capacity and Resistivity, resistivity is sufficiently small, to reduce the voltage drop on busbar, it is ensured that interior electrode is arranged on the diverse location of busbar Ceiling voltage and minimum voltage difference are less than 10%, and current carrying capacity determines busbar sectional area and have to be larger than a certain Numerical value guarantee busbar is not burned out.Utility model human hair of the present utility model is existing in equation below (2):

n(n+1)lρ_l/ WHR ＜ 1/5 (2)

Wherein:

N interval is created altogether in electrode makes the area that busbar surrounds in n；

ρ₁Bus bar materials resistivity, unit is Ω m；

Electrode every root length degree in l, is calculated by the longest interior electrode when length does not waits, and unit is m；

W busbar width, unit is m；

H busbar thickness, unit is m；

R transparency conducting layer square resistance, unit is Ω/.

Preferably, interior electrode ensures current carrying capacity and considers that on same interior electrode, maximum voltage difference is less than 10%.This practicality Novel utility model human hair is existing in equation below (3):

nl²ρ₂/ whLR ＜ 1/5 (3)

Wherein:

ρ₂Inner electrode resistivity, unit is Ω m；

Electrode width in w, unit is m；

Thickness of electrode in h, unit is m；

In being played last root by first interior electrode on L every busbar, electrode stops the length that common property is raw, unit m；

R transparency conducting layer square resistance, unit is Ω/.

The utility model makes two interelectrode electrically conducting transparents by interelectrode spacing in using the electrode of special construction, reduction two The resistance of layer reduces, such that it is able to use low voltage power supply, normally can use daily lithium battery voltage, i.e. can reach rapidly It is heated to 90-180 DEG C.Positive and negative two set electrodes can be respectively arranged at Graphene two sides, formed by Graphene separate interdigital Electrode, so can be further ensured that the uniformity of heating, improves the temperature of heating under same low-voltage.

For the transparent conductive material being grown in metal foil substrate, the metal forming of the good transparent conductive film of superficial growth can be used to serve as a contrast End pattern-making polarizing electrode, so can simplify preparation process, time-consuming and material cost, and the electric conductivity of metal forming is good simultaneously Good, the beneficially control of Electric radiant Heating Film temperature homogeneity, detailed process is as follows:

1, the transparent conductive material being grown in metal foil substrate is prepared；

2, the one side of transparent conductive material is had to be bonded together with metal forming growth transparent base；

3, making mask by the method for photoetching or printing in metal foil surfaces, mask pattern designs on request；

4, the transparent base/transparency conducting layer/metal forming making mask is placed in etching liquid, etches away not by mask protection Metal；

5, remove the mask of surface of metal electrode, form patterned electrodes.

It is further preferred that protective clear layer can be covered on transparency conducting layer and patterned electrodes, specifically comprise the following steps that

6, by the protective clear layer perforate of band glue, in order to expose to be gone between when it is with lower electrode and transparency conducting layer laminating Electrode；

7, is fitted to behind good position with electrode in the hole of protective clear layer；

8, at the electrode that aperture exposes, lead-in wire is made.

Preferably, transparent conductive material can be Graphene.

Preferably, transparent adhesive tape is used to have the one side of transparent conductive material to bond with metal forming growth transparent base.More preferably Ground, described transparent adhesive tape is including but not limited to various UV light-cured resins, PUR, silica gel etc..

Preferably, described metal forming is selected from but is not limited to Copper Foil, nickel foil, corronil paper tinsel etc..

Preferably, described etching liquid selects according to metal forming, can add the material improving transparent conductive material electric conductivity in etching liquid.

Preferably, the side that the method for surface of metal electrode mask can select hand stripping or solution to remove according to mask material is removed described in Method.

Preferably, the preparation method of a kind of low-voltage transparent electric heating film described in the utility model may be used without following steps:

1, transparent base is bonded together with transparency conducting layer；

2, make electrode over transparent conductive layer, the method directly printing electrocondution slurry or evaporation conductive material can be used to carry out, electricity Pole pattern designs according to demand for heat.

It is further preferred that can on transparency conducting layer and electrode protective mulch, specifically comprise the following steps that

3, by the protective clear layer perforate of band glue, in order to expose to be gone between when it is with lower electrode and transparency conducting layer laminating Electrode；

4, is fitted to behind good position with electrode in the hole of protective clear layer；

5, at the electrode that aperture exposes, lead-in wire is made.

The utility model beneficial effect:

(1) introducing due to busbar and interior electrode reduces the electrode spacing of transparency conducting layer well, with existing transparent electric heating The electrode design scheme of film is compared, it is possible to use lower power voltage supply, and the compact powers such as lithium battery thus can be used to supply Electricity.

(2) thick busbar carefully in the electrode design of electrode can use poor saturating of electric conductivity under conditions of heating voltage is identical Bright conductive material, obtains the heating effect identical with the material of good conductivity by electrode spacing in changing.

(3) under conditions of supply voltage and transparent conductive material are fixing, can be by controlling busbar area and interior electrode spacing Realize different heating powers, thus meet different heating-up temperature demands.

(4) pattern metal paper tinsel makes the process simplification electrode fabrication of electrode, improves the conductive capability of electrode, saves system Make the time, reduce the material cost needed for making.

Another free-revving engine of the present utility model is to provide a kind of high-temperature electric backing, and this high-temperature electric backing uses Graphene or carbon The carbon nanomaterials such as nanotube films, as heating element heater, can realize more uniform high-efficiency heating, and, direct current can be connect and also can connect Alternating current.

In prior art, in high-temperature heating sheet field, with the application closest to technology be generally to use B alloy wire or alloy Paper tinsel heats as heater element, both mode of heatings two shortcomings of existence:

Heating uniformity is bad.B alloy wire or Alloy Foil are heated to be local heating, make uniformity of temperature profile, temperature by heat-conducting plate Uniformity is poor.

Heating efficiency is the highest.The emissivity of metal is less, a part of electric energy when spiral metal wire and metal forming energising during Alternating Current Power Supply Also it is converted into electromagnetic wave.

A kind of high-temperature electric backing, including base material, zone of heating, electrode；Zone of heating is formed at least side of base material；Described electrode Structure is interdigital structure or is two parallel strip structures；Preferably, by electrode serial or parallel connection of the present utility model.

Preferably, described interdigitated electrode structure is as follows:

Being made up of thick busbar and some thin interior electrodes, busbar connects the negative or positive electrode of power supply so that two adjacent interior electricity Pole opposite polarity, in the electric current that during energising, positive bus bar provides is flowed into corresponding negative pole by electrode in each positive pole, electrode the most all converges Enter negative bus bar；Preferably, the negative or positive electrode of busbar one termination power；It is further preferred that can be at zone of heating two Face is respectively provided with positive and negative two set electrodes, and interior electrode of this two sets electrode staggers certain distance, and the most positive and negative interdigital electrode is put respectively In zone of heating both sides, form the interdigital electrode that heated layer separates, it is ensured that electric current, uniformly through zone of heating, so can be protected further The uniformity of card heating.

Above-mentioned high-temperature electric backing, final warming temperature, initial temperature, supply voltage, electrode spacing and the side of zone of heating in two Block resistance meets equation below:

T=kU²/d²R+t (4)

Wherein:

T initial temperature, unit is DEG C；

T electric heating piece institute of heating up is to final warming temperature, and unit is DEG C；

U supply voltage, unit is V；

Electrode spacing in d, unit is cm；

R zone of heating square resistance, unit is Ω/；

K constant, span is that 10-200, k span has different according to the coefficient of conductivity between electric heating piece from air, And the coefficient of conductivity between electric heating piece and air is inversely proportional to.

Above-mentioned high-temperature electric backing, the setting of busbar should ensure that interior electrode is arranged on the diverse location ceiling voltage and of busbar Low-voltage difference less than 10%, meets equation below (2):

n(n+1)lρ_l/ WHR ＜ 1/5 (5)

Wherein:

ρ₁Bus bar materials resistivity, unit is Ω m；

W busbar width, unit is m；

H busbar thickness, unit is m；

R zone of heating square resistance, unit is Ω/.

Above-mentioned high-temperature electric backing, on same interior electrode, maximum voltage difference is less than 10%, need to meet equation below (3):

nl²ρ₂/ whLR ＜ 1/5 (6)

Wherein:

In n, electrode creates n interval；

ρ₂Inner electrode resistivity, unit is Ω m；

Electrode width in w, unit is m；

Thickness of electrode in h, unit is m；

In being played last root by first interior electrode on L every busbar, electrode stops the length that common property is raw, and unit is m；

R zone of heating square resistance, unit is Ω/.

As another kind of preferred version, two of described parallel pole are arranged at two edges of zone of heating, it is preferred that described flat Row electrode is straight line parallel electrode or oriented parallel electrode or broken line parallel pole.

Use the high-temperature electric backing of parallel pole, final warming temperature, initial temperature, supply voltage, two electrode spacings and heating The square resistance of layer meets equation below:

T=kU²/d²R+t (7)

Wherein:

T initial temperature, unit is DEG C；

U supply voltage, unit is V；

The spacing of d two parallel pole, unit is cm；

R zone of heating square resistance, unit is Ω/；

Through application test, when connecing identical voltage, when electrode width is 7-10mm, the spacing of two electrodes at ordinary times is 9-13cm, Under conditions of heating plate other factors is constant, its programming rate is the fastest, can be warmed up to more than 250 DEG C in 15min.The most Preferably scheme be electrode width be 8mm, spacing be the parallel pole of 10cm, when accessing high voltage, can in 10min, It is warmed up to more than 250 DEG C.

Further, above-mentioned high-temperature electric backing, the material of described zone of heating is single or multiple lift Graphene or carbon nano-tube film, It is preferably single or multiple lift Graphene, more preferably 3-5 layer graphene；Preferably, described Graphene can use doped graphene； It is highly preferred that its adulterant can be inorganic/organic blended dose；

And/or, described base material is exotic material, preferably Kapton, devitrified glass, quartz glass, Pyrex, Sapphire or ceramic material；More preferably devitrified glass, quartz glass or ceramic material；Preferably, the thickness of described base material is 20-5000 μm, such as 20 μm, 50 μm, 100 μm, 200 μm, 300 μm, 400 μm, 500 μm, 1000 μm, 1700 μm, 2500 μm, 3000 μm, 3200 μm, 4000 μm, 4600 μm, 5000 μm etc.,； It is furthermore preferred that the thickness of base material is 50-3000 μm, such as 50 μm, 200 μm, 300 μm, 450 μm, 550 μm, 700 μm, 1000 μm, 1300 μm, 1800 μm, 2000 μm, 2400 μm, 2600 μm, 3000 μm etc., all Can.Although the thickness of base material can reach thousands of micron, the temperature of the utility model high-temperature electric backing also can reach more than 300 degree.

And/or, described electrode material is well conducting and exotic material, is preferably silver, silver slurry, copper, copper slurry or aluminium；More excellent Elect silver slurry as；Preferably, silver paste is high temperature resistant conductive silver paste, the sintering temperature of described high temperature resistant conductive silver paste more than 300 DEG C, Such as: 350 DEG C, 380 DEG C, 410 DEG C, 440 DEG C, 470 DEG C, 500 DEG C, 530 DEG C, 570 DEG C, 600 DEG C, 650 DEG C, 680 DEG C etc..

Preferably, electrode and the zone of heating of described high-temperature electric backing are provided with cover layer, will be provided with electrode with base material echoes mutually Zone of heating is clipped in the middle；Preferably, the material of described cover layer is exotic material, preferably Kapton or glass glaze； Optimum is glass glaze.

Preferably, the thickness of described cover layer is 1-1000 μm, such as 1 μm, 10 μm, 40 μm, 75 μm, 100 μ m、133μm、157μm、200μm、260μm、300μm、350μm、400μm、440μm、500μm、 550μm、584μm、620μm、700μm、750μm、800μm、830μm、880μm、900μm、960 μm, 1000 μm etc.；It is further preferred that the thickness of cover layer is 5-200 μm, such as 5 μm, 7 μm, 15 μm, 20μm、45μm、60μm、90μm、110μm、140μm、155μm、160μm、175μm、200μm Deng.Cover layer is again protective mulch, is the heating plate for fixing protection thinner thickness and electrode, make heating plate and electrode it Between combine more firm, make heating plate and electrode be hedged off from the outer world, it is to avoid to be contaminated or deformation under external force etc. simultaneously. When protective mulch is the thinnest, such as less than during 75 μm, along with the minimizing of overburden cover, the electricity under long-time high temperature action Pole can relative be weakened with the protective effect of zone of heating, easily the property made electrode Light deformation.It has been investigated that, covering protection layer thickness exists During less than 75 μm, its electrode occurs that the heat time deformed strongly reduces along with the reduction of thickness, when thickness is 75 μm, Break occur, it is indeformable that electrode continues 720h at 300 DEG C, is in chronic steady state.When protective mulch is blocked up, again The conduction of electrothermal layer temperature in heating plate can be affected, affect the final temperature of electric heating piece.Find through in-depth study, at cover layer When using the glass glaze of 75-123 μm, the stability of the electrode of high-temperature electric backing and the temperature conduction of cover layer are in optimal shape State.Such as: 75 μm, 78 μm, 81 μm, 86 μm, 90 μm, 92 μm, 95 μm, 97 μm, 103 μm, 108 μm, 111 μm, 115 μm, 119 μm, 121 μm, 123 μm etc., now, temperature continues 720h at 300 DEG C, Electrode is without any deformation, and the properties of electric heating piece all changes without difference, and temperature conduction is good.

The preparation technology of described high-temperature electric backing, comprises the steps:

1) heating layer material being grown in metal foil substrate is prepared；

2) one side of heating layer material is had to be bonded together with metal forming growth base material；

3) making mask by the method for photoetching or printing in metal foil surfaces, mask pattern designs on request；

4) base material/zone of heating/metal forming making mask is placed in etching liquid, etches away not by the metal of mask protection；

5) remove the mask of surface of metal electrode, form patterned electrodes；

Or, the method directly printing electrocondution slurry or evaporation conductive material on zone of heating can be used to make electrode, the most directly Connect printed conductive metal slurry；

Preferably, when using the method that prints electrode of conductive metal slurry to make high-temperature heating sheet, specifically include following steps:

1) zone of heating is transferred on base material；

2) on zone of heating, make electrode, use the method directly printing electrocondution slurry or evaporation conductive material to carry out, electrode figure Case designs according to demand；

It is further preferred that the preparation method that above two is different, being further prepared with cover layer, concrete operations are as follows:

The ready-made zone of heating with electrode print or is coated with cover layer, it is preferred that printing or the thickness that is coated with is 1-1000 μm, preferably 5-200 μm, optimal printing or coating 75-123 μm.

Such scheme has the advantage that

The utility model high-temperature electric backing, the conjunction used at present by using the carbon nanomaterial such as Graphene, carbon nano-tube film to replace Gold heater strip or alloy heating foil, the material simultaneously preferably coordinated with heating element heater, the most also can carry out special electrode and set Meter, it is achieved the more heating of uniform high-efficiency.It is embodied in following 2 points:

(1) improve heating uniformity.Use the B alloy wire that high-temperature electric heat backing of the present utility model is different from the past when heating And Alloy Foil, whole interior conducting film (i.e. zone of heating) is all generated heat, and improves temperature homogeneity, whole high-temperature electric heat heat The full surface temperature highest temperature and the difference of lowest temperature after sheet is stable are less than 10K；

(2) heating efficiency is high.The utility model uses the heating of the carbon nanomaterial such as Graphene, carbon nano-tube film, can be short In time, electric energy being changed into rapidly heat energy, heating efficiency is the highest, typically under 220V voltage, in energising 9-15min Reaching stable, the temperature after stablizing is up to more than 400 DEG C.

(3) service life is long.The utility model high-temperature heating sheet is different from existing wire or alloy heating foil, at 220V Under voltage, work long hours the most aging or short-circuit, use the carbon nanomaterial such as Graphene, carbon nano-tube film to change as electric heating Zone of heating, overcome the material ageing problem that this long-time electrified regulation causes, simultaneously electrode, zone of heating and cover layer In conjunction with design, defining firm one, not only heat energy is prone to release, and electrode is not easy to be burnt by high voltage, improves high temperature In the service life of Electric radiant Heating Film, can reach the efficient heating maintained above in more than 30000 hour that works continuously under 220V voltage, discontinuity Energising, can realize more than 100000 times, and performance is unaffected.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Accompanying drawing is used for providing being further appreciated by of the present utility model, and constitutes a part for specification, with of the present utility model Embodiment is used for explaining the utility model together, is not intended that restriction of the present utility model.In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is that in background technology, transparent heating film electrode arranges figure；

Fig. 2 is the distribution of electrodes figure of the Electric radiant Heating Film of the utility model embodiment 1；

Fig. 3 is the profile of one preferred embodiment of the utility model；

Fig. 4 is the distribution of electrodes figure of the Electric radiant Heating Film of the utility model embodiment 2；

Fig. 5 is the distribution of electrodes figure of the Electric radiant Heating Film of the utility model embodiment 3；

Fig. 6 is the distribution of electrodes figure of the Electric radiant Heating Film of the utility model embodiment 4；

Fig. 7 is the Temperature Distribution photo of Electric radiant Heating Film (not preferred scheme) the thermal infrared imager shooting of the utility model embodiment 1；

Fig. 8 is the Temperature Distribution photo of Electric radiant Heating Film (preferred version) the thermal infrared imager shooting of the utility model embodiment 1；

Fig. 9 is Electric radiant Heating Film (preferred version) the straight line temperature profile of the utility model embodiment 1, horizontal as mark be Electric radiant Heating Film from Left-to-right positional representation, vertical as mark be temperature；

Figure 10 is the Temperature Distribution photo of Electric radiant Heating Film (not preferred scheme) the thermal infrared imager shooting of the utility model embodiment 2；

Figure 11 is the Temperature Distribution photo of Electric radiant Heating Film (preferred version) the thermal infrared imager shooting of the utility model embodiment 2；

Figure 12 is Electric radiant Heating Film (preferred version) the straight line temperature profile of the utility model embodiment 2, horizontal as mark be Electric radiant Heating Film Positional representation from left to right, vertical as mark be temperature；

Figure 13 is the Electric radiant Heating Film straight line temperature profile of the utility model embodiment 3；

Figure 14 is the Electric radiant Heating Film straight line temperature profile of the utility model embodiment 4；

Figure 15 is the Electric radiant Heating Film straight line temperature profile of the utility model embodiment 5；

Figure 16 is the Electric radiant Heating Film straight line temperature profile of the utility model embodiment 6；

Figure 17 is the Electric radiant Heating Film straight line temperature profile of the utility model embodiment 7；

Figure 18 is the Electric radiant Heating Film straight line temperature profile of the utility model embodiment 8；

Figure 19 is the Electric radiant Heating Film straight line temperature profile of the utility model embodiment 9；

Figure 20 is the Electric radiant Heating Film straight line temperature profile of the utility model embodiment 10；

Figure 21 is the Electric radiant Heating Film straight line temperature profile of the utility model embodiment 11；

Figure 22 is the Temperature Distribution photo of the high-temperature electric backing thermal infrared imager shooting of the utility model embodiment 14；

Figure 23 is the Temperature Distribution photo of the high-temperature electric backing thermal infrared imager shooting of the utility model embodiment 15；

Figure 24 is the Temperature Distribution photo of the high-temperature electric backing thermal infrared imager shooting of the utility model embodiment 16；

Figure 25 is the Temperature Distribution photo of the high-temperature electric backing thermal infrared imager shooting of the utility model embodiment 17；

Figure 26 is the Temperature Distribution photo of the high-temperature electric backing thermal infrared imager shooting of the utility model embodiment 18；

Figure 27 is the Temperature Distribution photo of the high-temperature electric backing thermal infrared imager shooting of the utility model embodiment 19；

Figure 28 is the Temperature Distribution photo of the high-temperature electric backing thermal infrared imager shooting of the utility model embodiment 20；

Figure 29 is the Temperature Distribution photo of the high-temperature electric backing thermal infrared imager shooting of the utility model embodiment 21；

Figure 30 is the Temperature Distribution photo of the high-temperature electric backing thermal infrared imager shooting of the utility model embodiment 22；

In figure, 1--transparency conducting layer (being zone of heating in the high-temperature electric backing of embodiment 14-30), 2--electrode, 21--busbar, Electrode in 22-, 3--transparent base (being base material in the high-temperature electric backing of embodiment 14-30, it can also be opaque material), 4--transparent covering layer (being cover layer in embodiment 14-30 high-temperature electric backing, it can also be opaque material).

Detailed description of the invention:

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, preferred embodiment of the present utility model is illustrated, it will be appreciated that described herein be preferable to carry out Example is merely to illustrate and explains the utility model, is not used to limit the utility model.

In the examples below, although numerical value meets three formula the most simultaneously, but for thick busbar carefully in the pattern electrode of electrode For, as long as parameter meets at least any one formula and all can realize utility model purpose of the present utility model, solve this practicality new Type to solve the technical problem that.Embodiment has been merely given as meeting the embodiment of three formula simultaneously, but will not be to this practicality Any restriction of new technique forecast scheme configuration.

The resistivity relating to material in following example is all to it is known in the art that such as, and the resistivity of copper is 1.75 × 10^-8 Ω m, the resistivity of silver slurry is 8 × 10^-8Ω m, Graphene (individual layer) 1 × 10^-8Ω·m。

Embodiment 1:

See Fig. 2, shown in 3, single-layer graphene is as the low-voltage transparent electric heating film of heater, and electrode uses silver slurry printing.

Preparation technology is as follows:

1, at PET (transparent base) upper transfer one layer graphene of area 150mm × 150mm thickness 125 μm, Graphene Overdoping, sheet resistance is 250 Ω/；

2, use screen printing apparatus on the Graphene shifted, print ag paste electrode pattern, pattern form as in figure 2 it is shown, Interior electrode spacing is 6mm, wide 1mm, silver slurry thickness 25 μm；

3, the electrode pattern printed being placed in baking oven baking, make silver slurry solidification, baking temperature is 130 DEG C, and the time is 40min.

Initial temperature is room temperature (22 DEG C), in such cases, by the both positive and negative polarity of lead-in wire connection 5V power supply respectively, after tested, Within 60 seconds, i.e. can reach stable state, Fig. 7 show the Temperature Distribution photo using thermal infrared imager shooting, and now Electric radiant Heating Film is flat All temperature up to about 77.5 DEG C, (room temperature is 22 DEG C).Coincidence formula T=kU²/d²R+t (K=200).

Test result shows, uses the electrode design scheme of our utility model, and when using 3.7V power voltage supply, heating film is flat All heating powers are 1500w/m²Left and right, and voltage is to use traditional Electric radiant Heating Film without interior electrode averagely to add hot merit during 3.7V Rate is 5.4w/m²Left and right, it is left that the heating effect that will reach identical with our newly-designed Electric radiant Heating Film uses voltage need to improve to 612V The right side, this is considerably beyond human safety voltage.

Preferably, follow the steps below further:

4, the OCA glue of area 150mm × 150mm thickness 50 μm is fit together with PET of the same area；

5, using laser cutting device to open square opening at the PET/OCA posted, hole size is 5mm × 5mm, the position of perforate After ensureing that this PET/OCA fits with electrode pattern, bus bar termination exposes the electrode of 5mm × 5mm；

6, to behind good position, PET/OCA is fitted with electrode pattern；

7, the electrode exposed at aperture goes out to make lead-in wire；

In such cases, recording Electric radiant Heating Film resistance is 2.7 Ω, and lead-in wire connects the both positive and negative polarity of 5V power supply, after tested, 60 respectively Second i.e. can reach stable state, and Fig. 8 show the Temperature Distribution photo using thermal infrared imager shooting, and Fig. 9 show straight line temperature Degree distribution map, now the mean temperature of Electric radiant Heating Film is up to about 66 DEG C (room temperature is 22 DEG C), coincidence formula T=kU²/d²R+t (k=158) if voltage is 3.7V, stably rear mean temperature is 42 DEG C, if voltage is 7.4V, stably rear mean temperature is 103 DEG C, Coincidence formula T=kU²/d²R+t (k=133).

Test result shows, uses the electrode design scheme of our utility model, and when using 3.7V power voltage supply, heating film is flat All heating powers are 1300w/m²Left and right, and voltage is to use traditional Electric radiant Heating Film without interior electrode averagely to add hot merit during 3.7V Rate is 5w/m²Left and right, it is left that the heating effect that will reach identical with our newly-designed Electric radiant Heating Film uses voltage need to improve to 60V The right side, this is considerably beyond human safety voltage.

The structure of the transparent electric heating film finally given is: fitted tightly shape by transparency conducting layer (single-layer graphene) 1 and electrode 2 Becoming core of the present utility model, electrode 2 is made up of busbar 21 and interior electrode 22, forms interdigital electrode, and interior electrode spacing is 6mm, wide 1mm, silver slurry thickness 25 μm.Transparency conducting layer and electrode are clipped in the middle by transparent base 3 and cover layer 4, rise Support fixes protective effect.

Embodiment 2:

The present embodiment uses two layer graphenes as the low-voltage transparent electric heating film of heater, and electrode uses silver slurry printing.

1, at PET (transparent base) upper transfer two layer graphenes of area 120mm × 120mm thickness 125 μm, Graphene Overdoping, sheet resistance is 120 Ω/；

2, use screen printing apparatus on the Graphene shifted, print ag paste electrode pattern, pattern form as shown in Figure 4, Busbar outside diameter 96mm, the longest interior electrode is 73mm, and interior electrode spacing is 6mm, raw 17 intervals of common property, wide 1mm, busbar width 8mm, played electrode a length of 130mm only in last root by first interior electrode on busbar, Silver slurry thickness 25 μm；

In such cases, lead-in wire connecting the both positive and negative polarity of 5V power supply respectively, after tested, 60S i.e. can reach stable state, figure 10 show the Temperature Distribution photo using thermal infrared imager shooting, and now the mean temperature of Electric radiant Heating Film is up to about 137.7 DEG C (just Beginning temperature is room temperature 22 DEG C), coincidence formula T=kU²/d²R+t (K=200).

Test result shows, uses the electrode design scheme of our utility model, and when using 3.7V power voltage supply, heating film is flat All heating powers are 3168w/m²Left and right, and voltage is to use traditional Electric radiant Heating Film without interior electrode averagely to add hot merit during 3.7V Rate is 11.4w/m²Left and right, the heating effect that will reach identical with our newly-designed Electric radiant Heating Film uses voltage need to improve to 616.6V Left and right, this is considerably beyond human safety voltage.

Preferably, follow the steps below further:

4, the OCA glue of area 120mm × 120mm thickness 50 μm is fit together with PET of the same area；

6, to behind good position, PET/OCA is fitted with electrode pattern；

7, the electrode exposed at aperture goes out to make lead-in wire；

In such cases, recording Electric radiant Heating Film resistance is 2 Ω, and lead-in wire connects the both positive and negative polarity of 5V power supply, after tested, 40S respectively Clock i.e. can reach stable state, sees Figure 11, shown in 12, and now the mean temperature of Electric radiant Heating Film is up to about 90.9 DEG C (room temperatures It it is 22 DEG C).Coincidence formula T=kU²/d²R+t (k=119.1)

After tested, the diverse location ceiling voltage of busbar and minimum voltage difference 0.2%, on interior electrode, maximum voltage difference is less than 0.004%.

The structure of the transparent electric heating film finally given is substantially with embodiment 1, and difference is that transparency conducting layer is bilayer graphene, and The circle of the shape that electrode surrounds such as Fig. 4, busbar outside diameter 96mm, the longest interior electrode is 73mm, interior electrode spacing For 6mm, raw 17 intervals of common property, wide 1mm, busbar width 8mm, busbar is played finally by first interior electrode The a length of 130mm that a piece interior electrode stops, silver slurry thickness 25 μm.

Embodiment 3:

Shown in Figure 5, single-layer graphene is as the low-voltage transparent electric heating film of heater, and preparation technology is as follows:

1, it is 150mm × 300mm by having grown the Copper Foil of Graphene (through overdoping, sheet resistance is 250 Ω/ to Graphene) with size Thickness is that the PET of 125 μm passes through UV glue laminating together, and Copper Foil size is 140mm × 280mm, and thickness is 25 μm；

2, by UV adhesive curing, wavelength is 365nm, and energy is 1000mJ/cm²；

3, use screen printing apparatus to print peelable glue mask on the Copper Foil posted, pattern form as it is shown in figure 5, now, Being equivalent to Electric radiant Heating Film be divided into two, the effect of two pieces of Electric radiant Heating Film series connection about formation, the actual voltage that utilizes halves, interior electrode Spacing is 3mm, long 108mm, wide 1mm, totally 32, and raw 30 intervals of common property, busbar width 8mm, at busbar On played electrode a length of 100mm only, copper thickness 25 μm in last root by first interior electrode；

4, the electrode pattern printed being placed in baking oven baking, make peelable glue solidify, baking temperature is 135 DEG C, and the time is 40min；

5, the sample after baking is placed in the FeCl of 30%₃Etching in etching liquid, etching is washed after terminating and is dried up, and takes electrode surface off Peelable glue.

In such cases, recording Electric radiant Heating Film resistance is 1.7 Ω, and lead-in wire connects the both positive and negative polarity (phase of 3.7V lithium ion battery respectively Electric radiant Heating Film for half is 1.85V), after tested, the temperature of 30S stably rear Electric radiant Heating Film, up to about 46 DEG C, sees Figure 13 Shown in, (room temperature is 22 DEG C), coincidence formula T=kU²/d²R+t (K=160).

Test result shows, uses electrode design scheme of the present utility model, uses 3.7V voltage (to be applied to two electrodes Voltage be 1.85V) power supply time heating film average heating power be 1521w/m²Left and right, and when voltage is 3.7V, use tradition The Electric radiant Heating Film without interior electrode, the heating effect identical with our newly-designed Electric radiant Heating Film to be reached and use voltage need to improve to 616V Left and right, this is considerably beyond human safety voltage.

Preferably, follow the steps below further:

6, the OCA glue of area 150mm × 300mm thickness 50 μm is fit together with PET of the same area；

7, using laser cutting device to open square opening at the PET/OCA posted, hole size is 5mm × 5mm, the position of perforate After ensureing that this PET/OCA fits with electrode pattern, bus bar termination exposes the electrode of 5mm × 5mm；

8, to behind good position, PET/OCA is fitted with electrode pattern；

9, the electrode exposed at aperture goes out to make lead-in wire；

Recording Electric radiant Heating Film resistance is 2.5 Ω, and lead-in wire connects 3.7V (actual utilize voltage to be equivalent to 1.85V) lithium ion respectively The both positive and negative polarity of battery, after tested, the temperature of 70S stably rear Electric radiant Heating Film is up to about 45 DEG C (room temperature is 22 DEG C), coincidence formula T=kU²/d²R+t (K=151).

The structure of the transparent electric heating film finally given is substantially with embodiment 1, and difference is shape such as Fig. 5 that electrode surrounds, permissible The effect of two pieces of Electric radiant Heating Film series connection about formation, the actual voltage that utilizes halves, and interior electrode spacing is 3mm, long 108mm, Wide 1mm, totally 32, raw 30 intervals of common property, busbar width 8mm, is played finally by first interior electrode on busbar The a length of 100mm that a piece interior electrode stops, copper thickness 25 μm.Electrode material is Copper Foil.

Embodiment 4:

The present embodiment uses ito thin film to join as electrode, design as the low-voltage transparent electric heating film of heater, silver slurry According to Fig. 2, preparation technology is as follows:

1, using screen printing apparatus is a size of 150mm × 150mm in sheet resistance, and sheet resistance is the ito thin film (side of 150 Ω Resistance is 400 Ω/) upper printing ag paste electrode pattern, pattern form as in figure 2 it is shown, interior electrode spacing is 6mm, long 108mm, Wide 1mm, totally 15, raw 15 intervals of common property, busbar width 8mm, silver slurry thickness 25 μm；

2, the electrode pattern printed being placed in baking oven baking, make silver slurry solidification, baking temperature is 130 DEG C, and the time is 40min.

3, the OCA glue of area 150mm × 150mm thickness 50 μm is fit together with PET of the same area；

4, using laser cutting device to open square opening at the PET/OCA posted, hole size is 5mm × 5mm, the position of perforate After ensureing that this PET/OCA fits with electrode pattern, bus bar termination exposes the electrode of 5mm × 5mm；

5, to behind good position, PET/OCA is fitted with electrode pattern；

6, the electrode exposed at aperture goes out to make lead-in wire；

In such cases, recording Electric radiant Heating Film resistance is 5 Ω, and lead-in wire connects the both positive and negative polarity of 12V power supply, after tested, 55S respectively I.e. can reach stable state, see Figure 14, now the mean temperature of Electric radiant Heating Film is up to about 92 DEG C (room temperature is 22 DEG C), meets Formula T=kU²/d²R+t (K=70).

After tested, the diverse location ceiling voltage of busbar and minimum voltage difference 0.05%, on interior electrode, maximum voltage difference does not surpasses Cross 0.01%.

The structure of the transparent electric heating film finally given is substantially with embodiment 1, and difference is that transparency conducting layer is ito thin film, interior electricity Die opening is 6mm, long 108mm, wide 1mm, totally 15, raw 15 intervals of common property, busbar width 8mm, silver slurry thickness Spend 25 μm.

Embodiment 5:

The present embodiment transparency conducting layer uses single-layer graphene (250 Ω/), and electrode uses 10 layer graphenes, during preparation, and ginseng According to the preferred embodiment of embodiment 1, difference is: uses the mode continuing transfer Graphene on graphene film, is transferred to 11th layer, stops transfer, then 10 layer graphenes above is etched into patterned electrodes, or uses direct growth multilayer Graphene, then make patterned electrodes, the design of the present embodiment electrode sees accompanying drawing 2, and interior electrode spacing is 3mm, long 108mm, wide 1mm, totally 15, raw 15 intervals of common property, busbar width 8mm, by first interior electrode on busbar Play electrode a length of 60mm only in last root, the thick 35nm of electrode (10 layer graphene).

In such cases, recording Electric radiant Heating Film resistance is 2 Ω, and lead-in wire connects the both positive and negative polarity of 1.5V power supply, after tested, 85S respectively I.e. can reach stable state, see Figure 15, now the mean temperature of Electric radiant Heating Film is up to about 34 DEG C (room temperature is 22 DEG C), meets Formula T=kU²/d²R+t (K=120).

After tested, the diverse location ceiling voltage of busbar and minimum voltage difference 0.1%, on interior electrode, maximum voltage difference is less than 0.02%.

The structure of the transparent electric heating film finally given is substantially with embodiment 1, and difference is that electrode spacing is 3mm in electricity, long 108mm, Wide 1mm, totally 15, raw 15 intervals of common property, busbar width 8mm, is played finally by first interior electrode on busbar The a length of 60mm that a piece interior electrode stops, the thick 35nm of electrode (10 layer graphene).

Embodiment 6:

The present embodiment uses 4 layer graphenes (62.5 Ω/) as transparency conducting layer, and electrode uses ITO, during preparation, according to the facts Executing the preferred embodiment of example 1, difference is: using when being printed in by ITO on conductive layer, electrode patterning design sees Fig. 4, interior electrode spacing is 4mm, wide 1mm, totally 16, raw 17 intervals of common property, busbar width 8mm, silver slurry thickness 25μm。

In such cases, recording Electric radiant Heating Film resistance is 0.4 Ω, by the both positive and negative polarity of lead-in wire connection 3.7V power supply respectively, after tested, 100S i.e. can reach stable state, sees Figure 16, and now the mean temperature of Electric radiant Heating Film is up to about 103 DEG C (room temperature is 22 DEG C), Coincidence formula T=kU²/d²R+t (K=110.9).

After tested, the diverse location ceiling voltage of busbar and minimum voltage difference 3%, on interior electrode, maximum voltage difference is less than 1.2%.

The structure of the transparent electric heating film finally given is substantially with embodiment 1, and difference is that interior electrode spacing is 4mm, wide 1mm, Totally 16, raw 17 intervals of common property, busbar width 8mm, silver slurry thickness 25 μm, 4 layer graphenes (62.5 Ω/) are made For transparency conducting layer.

Embodiment 7:

The present embodiment is substantially with the preferred version of embodiment 3, and difference is: electrode patterning design sees accompanying drawing 2, interior Electrode spacing is 3mm, long 108mm, wide 1mm, totally 15, raw 15 intervals of common property, busbar width 8mm, Copper Foil Thickness 25 μm.

In such cases, recording Electric radiant Heating Film resistance is 1.7 Ω, by the both positive and negative polarity of lead-in wire connection 12V power supply respectively, after tested, 100S i.e. can reach stable state, sees Figure 17, and now the mean temperature of Electric radiant Heating Film is up to about 226 DEG C (room temperature is 22 DEG C), Coincidence formula T=kU²/d²R+t (K=32).

After tested, the diverse location ceiling voltage of busbar and minimum voltage difference 0.9%, on interior electrode, maximum voltage difference is less than 0.1%.

Embodiment 8:

The present embodiment is substantially with the not preferred scheme of embodiment 1, and difference is, electrode is formed at transparency conducting layer with transparent Between base material, electrode uses Copper Foil, and figureization design sees accompanying drawing 4, and interior electrode spacing is 2mm, long 108mm, wide 1mm, Totally 16, raw 17 intervals of common property, busbar width 8mm, copper thickness 25 μm.Saturating using single-layer graphene as material The sheet resistance of bright conductive layer is 250 Ω/.

In such cases, recording Electric radiant Heating Film resistance is 2 Ω, and lead-in wire connects the both positive and negative polarity of 3.7V power supply, after tested, 30S respectively I.e. can reach stable state, see Figure 18, now the mean temperature of Electric radiant Heating Film is up to about 143.8 DEG C (room temperature is 22 DEG C), Coincidence formula T=kU²/d²R+t (K=89).

After tested, the diverse location ceiling voltage of busbar and minimum voltage difference 0.04%, on interior electrode, maximum voltage difference does not surpasses Cross 3%.

Embodiment 9:

The present embodiment uses and will be patterned into the positive pole of electrode and negative pole is separately positioned in the two sides of transparency conducting layer, is formed and is led by transparent The interdigital electrode that electric layer separates, patterning schemes is visually with accompanying drawing 2, and the material of transparency conducting layer uses single-layer graphene (side Resistance is 250 Ω/), electrode uses the Graphene of 5-10 layer or Copper Foil that thickness is 10-30 μm, and the present embodiment is preferably adopted With the Graphene of 5-10 layer as electrode material, wherein, positive and negative adjacent inner electrodes spacing is 4mm, long 108mm, wide 1mm, Totally 15, raw 15 intervals of common property, busbar width 8mm.

In such cases, recording Electric radiant Heating Film resistance is 2.1 Ω, by the both positive and negative polarity of lead-in wire connection 7.5V power supply respectively, after tested, 30S i.e. can reach stable state, sees Figure 19, and now the mean temperature of Electric radiant Heating Film is up to about 210 DEG C (room temperature is 22 DEG C), Coincidence formula T=kU²/d²R+t (K=134).

After tested, the diverse location ceiling voltage of busbar and minimum voltage difference 7%, on interior electrode, maximum voltage difference is less than 4%.

Embodiment 10:

The present embodiment is substantially with embodiment 3, and difference is, patterning schemes uses accompanying drawing 6, and transparency conducting layer uses 6 Layer graphene (sheet resistance is 41.6 Ω/), electrode is Copper Foil.Interior electrode spacing is 10mm, wide 1mm, totally 9, common property Raw 9 intervals, busbar width 8mm, copper thickness 25 μm.

In such cases, recording Electric radiant Heating Film resistance is 0.32 Ω, by the both positive and negative polarity of lead-in wire connection 7.5V power supply respectively, after tested, 30S i.e. can reach stable state, sees Figure 20, and now the mean temperature of Electric radiant Heating Film is up to about 86.3 DEG C (room temperature is 22 DEG C), Coincidence formula T=kU²/d²R+t (K=47.6).

After tested, the diverse location ceiling voltage of busbar and minimum voltage difference 2.4%, on interior electrode, maximum voltage difference does not surpasses Cross 0.3%.

Embodiment 11:

The present embodiment is substantially with embodiment 1, and difference is, interior electrode uses different materials with busbar.Can be Interior electrode made by bright conductive material, and busbar made by metal material；Can also be that different metal materials respectively as interior electrode and confluxes Bar；Can also is that transparent conductive material makees busbar, interior electrode made by metal material.The preferred metal copper foil of the present embodiment or silver slurry are made For the material of busbar, the Graphene of at least 5 layers is as the material of interior electrode.The present embodiment is more preferably using metal platinum as confluxing The Graphene of the material of bar and 10 layers is as the material of interior electrode.As the material of transparency conducting layer, (sheet resistance is single-layer graphene 250Ω/□).Patterning schemes sees accompanying drawing 2, and in Graphene, electrode spacing is 5mm, long 108mm, wide 1mm, and totally 32 Bar, busbar width 8mm, thickness 25 μm.

In such cases, recording Electric radiant Heating Film resistance is 1.9 Ω, by the both positive and negative polarity of lead-in wire connection 12V power supply respectively, after tested, 30S i.e. can reach stable state, sees Figure 21, and now the mean temperature of Electric radiant Heating Film is up to about 243 DEG C (room temperature is 22 DEG C), Coincidence formula T=kU²/d²R+t (K=96).

After tested, the diverse location ceiling voltage of busbar and minimum voltage difference 1.5%, on interior electrode, maximum voltage difference is less than 2.3%.

Embodiment 12:

The present embodiment technique is with embodiment 1, and difference is the specific design of electrode.

In order to ensure that interior electrode is arranged on the diverse location ceiling voltage of busbar and minimum voltage difference less than 10%, this enforcement Example make time, inner electrode produce space-number n, interior electrode extreme length l, the width W of busbar, the thickness of busbar Degree H accurately processes after calculating so that it is meet above-mentioned formula (2).

Being set to of the present embodiment requirement electrode: the long 108mm of interior electrode, raw 15 intervals of common property, busbar width 8mm is thick 25μm.After tested, diverse location ceiling voltage and the minimum voltage of busbar differs 0.2%.

Lead-in wire connects the both positive and negative polarity of 1.5V power supply respectively, after tested, 75S clock i.e. can reach stable state, now Electric radiant Heating Film Mean temperature is up to about 51 DEG C (room temperature is 22 DEG C).

Embodiment 13:

In order to ensure on interior electrode maximum voltage difference less than 10%, the present embodiment when making, the space-number that inner electrode produces Last is played by first interior electrode on n, interior electrode extreme length l, interior electrode width w, interior electrode width h, busbar In root, electrode length L only accurately processes after calculating so that it is meet above-mentioned formula (3).

The present embodiment requires being set to of electrode: the long 108mm of interior electrode, totally 15 interior electrodes, the width of every interior electrode is equal For 1mm, thick 25 μm, raw 15 intervals of common property, busbar width 8mm, busbar is played finally by first interior electrode The a length of 99mm that a piece interior electrode stops.After tested, on interior electrode, maximum voltage difference is less than 0.05%.

Lead-in wire connects the both positive and negative polarity of 7.5V power supply respectively, after tested, 60S clock i.e. can reach stable state, now Electric radiant Heating Film Mean temperature is up to about 77.4 DEG C (room temperature is 22 DEG C).

Interior electrode in above example all can be fabricated to other shapes such as the wavy or zigzag that is parallel to each other.

Embodiment 14:

1, shifting three layer graphene sheet resistances on the devitrified glass of area 120mm × 120mm thickness 4mm is that 250 Ω/ is left Right；

2, screen printing apparatus is used to print ag paste electrode pattern, pattern form such as Fig. 1,3 institutes on the Graphene shifted Showing, 1 is zone of heating, and 2 is electrode, and electrode 2 is parallel electrode design, two parallel pole width 8mm, silver slurry thickness 25 μm, Two interelectrode distances are 10cm；3 is base material (can be transparent, it is also possible to be opaque), and 4 is high-temperature electric backing Cover layer (can be transparent, it is also possible to be opaque)；

3, the electrode pattern printed being placed in IR stove baking, baking temperature is 150 DEG C, and the time is 10min, then exists 550 DEG C of sintering 10min in continuous tunnel furnace；

4, one layer of glass glaze it is coated with on the glass sheet；

5, sintered glass glaze in tunnel.

The structure of gained high-temperature electric backing is: zone of heating (three layer graphenes) 1 and electrode 2 fit tightly, and electrode 2 is distribution In the parallel strip design at zone of heating 1 two ends, two parallel pole width 8mm, silver slurry thickness 25 μm, two interelectrode distances For 10cm.Transparency conducting layer and electrode are clipped in the middle by base material 3 and cover layer 4, play support and fix protective effect.Base material 3 Thickness is the devitrified glass of thickness 4mm, and cover layer 4 is the glass glaze of 115 μm.

Recording high-temperature electric heat sheet resistance is 250 Ω, and lead-in wire connects and is connected to direct current or AC power, and voltage is adjusted to 220V, treats 9min Left and right temperature rises to 250 DEG C (room temperature 22 DEG C) left and right and keeps stable, coincidence formula (7), and wherein, K value is 117.8, uses As shown in figure 22, the temperature homogeneity in effective heating area is ± 10K to the temperature distribution image of thermal infrared imager test.

Embodiment 15:

1, it is 150mm × 150mm by having grown the Copper Foil of Graphene (through overdoping, sheet resistance is 125 Ω/ to Graphene) with size Thickness is that the polyimide film (high temperature resistant degree is up to more than 400 DEG C) of 125 μm passes through UV glue laminating together, and Copper Foil is big Little for 130mm × 130mm, thickness is 25 μm；

2, by UV adhesive curing, wavelength is 365nm, and energy is 1000mJ/cm2,

3, using screen printing apparatus to print peelable glue mask on the Copper Foil posted, as Figure 2-3,1 is pattern form The zone of heating of high-temperature electric backing constitutes core functional components of the present utility model, and 2 is electrode, and 21 is busbar, and 22 is interior electrode, 3 be base material (can be transparent, it is also possible to be opaque), 4 be high-temperature electric backing cover layer (can be transparent, Can also be opaque).Wherein, interior electrode spacing is 6mm, long 108mm, wide 1mm, totally 15, busbar width 8mm, copper thickness 25 μm；

5, the sample after baking is placed in the FeCl of 30%₃Etching in etching liquid, etching is washed after terminating and is dried up, and takes electrode surface off Peelable glue；

6, using laser cutting device to open square opening on the polyimide film of band silica gel, hole size is 5mm × 5mm, perforate Position to ensure that this polyimide film and electrode pattern are fitted after, bus bar termination exposes the electrode of 5mm × 5mm；

8, to behind good position, polyimide film is fitted with electrode pattern；

9, the electrode exposed at aperture goes out to make lead-in wire.

The structure of the high-temperature electric backing finally given is: zone of heating (doped graphene) 1 and electrode (Copper Foil) 2 fit tightly, Interior electrode spacing is 6mm, long 108mm, wide 1mm, totally 15, busbar width 8mm, copper thickness 25 μm. Transparency conducting layer and electrode are clipped in the middle by base material 3 and cover layer 4, play support and fix protective effect.Base material 3 is 125 for thickness The polyimide film of μm, cover layer 4 is also for polyimide film that thickness is 125 μm.

Recording high-temperature electric heat sheet resistance is 2.7 Ω, and lead-in wire connects the both positive and negative polarity of 7.4V lithium ion battery, after tested, 5 respectively Minute i.e. can reach stable state, now the mean temperature of Electric radiant Heating Film is up to about 176 DEG C (room temperature is 22 DEG C), uses infra-red heat As shown in figure 23, the temperature homogeneity in effective heating area is ± 8K to the temperature distribution image of picture instrument test, coincidence formula (6), Wherein, K=126.5.

Embodiment 16:

1, carbon nanotubes on the ceramic material of area 140mm × 140mm thickness 4mm, sheet resistance is that 200 Ω/ is left Right；

2, use screen printing apparatus on the CNT shifted, print ag paste electrode pattern, pattern form as it is shown in figure 1, For parallel electrode design, two parallel pole width 8mm, spacing is 12cm, silver slurry thickness 25 μm；

4, one layer of glass glaze it is coated with on the glass sheet；

5, sintered glass glaze (thickness is 115 μm) in tunnel.

The structure of gained high-temperature electric backing, substantially with embodiment 14, is a difference in that: be carbon nanometer tube by zone of heating 1, and two is parallel Electrode width 8mm, spacing is 12cm, silver slurry thickness 25 μm.Base material 3 is the ceramic material of thickness 4mm, cover layer 4 It is 1 μm glass glaze for thickness.

Recording high-temperature electric heat sheet resistance is 200 Ω, and lead-in wire connects and is connected to direct current or AC power, and voltage is adjusted to 220V, treats 15min Left and right temperature rises to 300 DEG C (room temperature 22 DEG C) left and right and keeps stable, with temperature distribution image such as Figure 24 of thermal infrared imager test Shown in, the temperature homogeneity in effective heating area is ± 6K, coincidence formula (7), wherein, and K=165.5.

Embodiment 17:

1, it is 150mm × 150mm by having grown the Copper Foil of Graphene (through overdoping, sheet resistance is 125 Ω/ to Graphene) with size Thickness is that the Pyrex of 125 μm pass through UV glue laminating together, and Copper Foil size is 130mm × 130mm, and thickness is 25 μm；

2, by UV adhesive curing, wavelength is 365nm, and energy is 1000mJ/cm²

3, using screen printing apparatus to print peelable glue mask on the Copper Foil posted, as shown in Figure 4,1 is high to pattern form Temperature electric heating piece zone of heating, 2 be electrode, and 21 is busbar, and 22 is interior electrode, 3 be base material (can be transparent, it is possible to Being opaque), 4 is the cover layer (can be transparent, it is also possible to be opaque) of high-temperature electric backing.Wherein, converge Stream bar outside diameter 96mm, the longest interior electrode is 73mm, and interior electrode spacing is 6mm, raw 17 intervals of common property, wide 1mm, Busbar width 8mm, is played electrode a length of 130mm only in last root, silver slurry thickness by first interior electrode on busbar Spend 25 μm；

8, to behind good position, polyimide film is fitted with electrode pattern；

9, the electrode exposed at aperture goes out to make lead-in wire.

The structure of gained high-temperature electric backing, substantially with embodiment 15, is a difference in that: as shown in Figure 4, electrode encloses pattern form Circular, busbar outside diameter 96mm, the longest interior electrode is 73mm, and interior electrode spacing is 6mm, raw 17 of common property Interval, wide 1mm, busbar width 8mm, played electrode length only in last root by first interior electrode on busbar For 130mm, silver slurry thickness 25 μm.Base material 3 is the Pyrex that thickness is 125 μm, and cover layer 4 is the polyamides of 4mm Imines film.

Recording high-temperature electric heat sheet resistance is 5.3 Ω, and lead-in wire connects the both positive and negative polarity of 7.4V lithium ion battery, after tested, 5 respectively Minute i.e. can reach stable state, now the mean temperature of Electric radiant Heating Film is up to about 180 DEG C (room temperature is 22 DEG C), uses infra-red heat As shown in figure 25, the temperature homogeneity in effective heating area is ± 8K to the temperature distribution image of picture instrument test, coincidence formula (6), Wherein, K=129.8.

After tested, the diverse location ceiling voltage of busbar and minimum voltage difference 0.3%, on interior electrode, maximum voltage difference is less than 0.004%.

Embodiment 18:

Substantially the same manner as Example 14, difference is: parallel pole width is 7mm, and spacing is 9cm；Base material (boron Silica glass) thickness be 3mm；The thickness of cover layer (glass glaze) is 75 μm.

Recording high-temperature electric heat sheet resistance is 220 Ω, and lead-in wire connects and is connected to direct current or AC power, and voltage is adjusted to 220V, treats 10min Left and right temperature rises to 269 DEG C (room temperature 22 DEG C) left and right and keeps stable, coincidence formula (7), and wherein, K value is 103.5, uses As shown in figure 26, the temperature homogeneity in effective heating area is ± 9K to the temperature distribution image of thermal infrared imager test.

Embodiment 19:

Substantially the same manner as Example 14, difference is: Graphene is through overdoping, and the number of plies of the Graphene of transfer is one Layer is as zone of heating, and recording sheet resistance is 150 Ω/；The thickness of base material (devitrified glass) is 300 μm；Cover layer (glass Glaze) thickness be 75 μm.

Recording high-temperature electric heat sheet resistance is 150 Ω, and lead-in wire connects and is connected to direct current or AC power, and voltage is adjusted to 220V, treats 10min Left and right temperature rises to 411 DEG C (room temperature 22 DEG C) left and right and keeps stable, coincidence formula (7), and wherein, K value is 120.5, uses As shown in figure 27, the temperature homogeneity in effective heating area is ± 7K to the temperature distribution image of thermal infrared imager test.

Embodiment 20:

Substantially the same manner as Example 14, difference is: parallel pole width is 8mm, and spacing is 9cm；Base material (stone English glass) thickness be 1mm；The thickness of cover layer (glass glaze) is 123 μm.

Recording high-temperature electric heat sheet resistance is 300 Ω, and lead-in wire connects and is connected to direct current or AC power, and voltage is adjusted to 220V, treats 15min Left and right temperature rises to 292 DEG C (room temperature 22 DEG C) left and right and keeps stable, coincidence formula (7), and wherein, K value is 113.1, uses As shown in figure 28, the temperature homogeneity in effective heating area is ± 4K to the temperature distribution image of thermal infrared imager test.

Embodiment 21:

Substantially the same manner as Example 14, difference is: transfer doping Graphene individual layer is as zone of heating, and recording sheet resistance is 150 Ω/, parallel pole width is 10mm, and spacing is 13cm；The thickness of base material (devitrified glass) is 1mm；Cover layer The thickness of (glass glaze) is 123 μm.

Recording high-temperature electric heat sheet resistance is 390 Ω, and lead-in wire connects and is connected to direct current or AC power, and voltage is adjusted to 220V, treats 15min Left and right temperature rises to 323 DEG C (room temperature 22 DEG C) left and right and keeps stable, coincidence formula (7), and wherein, K value is 157.7, uses As shown in figure 29, the temperature homogeneity in effective heating area is ± 7K to the temperature distribution image of thermal infrared imager test.

Embodiment 22:

Substantially the same manner as Example 14, difference is: transfer doping Graphene five layers is as zone of heating, and recording sheet resistance is 316 Ω/, parallel pole width is 8mm, and spacing is 7cm；The thickness of base material (sapphire) is 50 μm；Cover layer is (poly- Imide membrane) thickness be 100 μm.

Recording high-temperature electric heat sheet resistance is 330 Ω, and lead-in wire connects and is connected to direct current or AC power, and voltage is adjusted to 220V, treats 15min Left and right temperature rises to 470 DEG C (room temperature 22 DEG C) left and right and keeps stable, coincidence formula (7), and wherein, K value is 143.2, uses As shown in figure 30, the temperature homogeneity in effective heating area is ± 5K to the temperature distribution image of thermal infrared imager test.

In embodiment 14-22, UV glue can also be with various UV photocurings and heat reactive resin, organic silica gel, polyimides The high-temperature plastics such as glue and silicate inorganic adhesive substitute.

In embodiment 14-22, can there be multiple choices, such as devitrified glass, quartz glass, Pyrex, indigo plant as base material Thinkable thermal conductivity is good and exotic material in the those skilled in the art such as jewel and various ceramic materials institute.

The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, be not limited to the utility model, although with reference to aforementioned The utility model has been described in detail by embodiment, for a person skilled in the art, its still can to aforementioned respectively Technical scheme described in embodiment is modified, or wherein portion of techniques feature is carried out equivalent.All new in this practicality Within the spirit of type and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, should be included in protection of the present utility model Within the scope of.

Claims

1. a low-voltage transparent electric heating film, including transparent base, transparency conducting layer, electrode；Transparency conducting layer is formed at least side of transparent base；It is characterized in that: electrode is made up of busbar and some interior electrodes, and interior electrode is extended towards by busbar and forms interdigital electrode；Electrode is positioned on transparency conducting layer and makes electrical contact with transparency conducting layer.

A kind of low-voltage transparent electric heating film the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: electrode is made up of thick busbar and some thin interior electrodes, busbar connects the negative or positive electrode of power supply, making two adjacent interior polarities of electrode contrary, in the electric current that during energising, positive bus bar provides is flowed into corresponding negative pole by electrode in each positive pole, electrode the most all imports negative bus bar.

Low-voltage transparent electric heating film the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: the negative or positive electrode of busbar one termination power.

A kind of low-voltage transparent electric heating film the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: be respectively provided with positive and negative two set electrodes on transparency conducting layer two sides, interior electrode of this two sets electrode staggers certain distance, the most positive and negative interdigital electrode is respectively placed in transparency conducting layer both sides, forms the interdigital electrode separated by transparency conducting layer.

A kind of low-voltage transparent electric heating film the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: described transparency conducting layer is single or multiple lift Graphene.

A kind of low-voltage transparent electric heating film the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: electrode material is Copper Foil.

A kind of low-voltage transparent electric heating film the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: electrode is positioned on graphene layer and is integrally formed with graphene layer.

A kind of low-voltage transparent electric heating film the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: electrode is formed between transparent base and transparency conducting layer.

A kind of low-voltage transparent electric heating film the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: protective mulch on electrode and transparency conducting layer.

A kind of low-voltage transparent electric heating film the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: by connected in series or in parallel for the electrode of the present invention.

11. a kind of low-voltage transparent electric heating films according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described interior electrode is linear, waveform or zigzag, the pattern form of described busbar and interior electrode composition is according to the shape of Electric radiant Heating Film and application demand, can linear, shaped form, it is possible to surround circle, ellipse or arbitrary shape.

12. a kind of low-voltage transparent electric heating films according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: final warming temperature, initial temperature, supply voltage, the square resistance of electrode spacing and transparency conducting layer meets equation below in two:

T=kU²/d²R+t (1)

Wherein:

T initial temperature, unit is DEG C；

U supply voltage, unit is V, U≤12V；

Electrode spacing in d, unit is cm；

R transparency conducting layer square resistance, unit is Ω/；

13. a kind of low-voltage transparent electric heating films according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the setting of busbar should ensure that interior electrode is arranged on the diverse location ceiling voltage of busbar and minimum voltage difference less than 10%, meet equation below (2):

n(n+1)lρ_l/ WHR ＜ 1/5 (2)

Wherein:

ρ₁Bus bar materials resistivity, unit is Ω m；

W busbar width, unit is m；

H busbar thickness, unit is m；

R transparency conducting layer square resistance, unit is Ω/.

14. a kind of low-voltage transparent electric heating films according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: on same interior electrode, maximum voltage difference is less than 10%, need to meet equation below (3):

nl²ρ₂/ whLR ＜ 1/5 (3)

Wherein:

In n, electrode creates n interval；

ρ₂Inner electrode resistivity, unit is Ω m；

Electrode width in w, unit is m；

Thickness of electrode in h, unit is m；

R transparency conducting layer square resistance, unit is Ω/.

15. 1 kinds of high-temperature electric backings, including base material, zone of heating, electrode；Zone of heating is formed at least side of base material；It is characterized in that: described electrode structure is interdigital structure or is two parallel strip structures.

16. high-temperature electric backings according to claim 15, it is characterised in that: by the electrode serial or parallel connection of the present invention.

17. high-temperature electric backings according to claim 15, it is characterised in that: described interdigitated electrode structure is as follows:

It is made up of thick busbar and some thin interior electrodes, busbar connects the negative or positive electrode of power supply, making two adjacent interior polarities of electrode contrary, in the electric current that during energising, positive bus bar provides is flowed into corresponding negative pole by electrode in each positive pole, electrode the most all imports negative bus bar.

18. high-temperature electric backings according to claim 17, it is characterised in that: the negative or positive electrode of busbar one termination power.

19. high-temperature electric backings according to claim 17, it is characterized in that: be respectively provided with positive and negative two set electrodes on zone of heating two sides, interior electrode of this two sets electrode staggers certain distance, and the most positive and negative interdigital electrode is respectively placed in zone of heating both sides, forms the interdigital electrode that heated layer separates.

20. high-temperature electric backings according to claim 17, it is characterised in that: final warming temperature, initial temperature, supply voltage, the square resistance of electrode spacing and zone of heating meets equation below (4) in two:

T=kU²/d²R+t (4)

Wherein:

T initial temperature, unit is DEG C；

U supply voltage, unit is V；

Electrode spacing in d, unit is cm；

R zone of heating square resistance, unit is Ω/；

21. high-temperature electric backings according to claim 17, it is characterised in that: the setting of busbar should ensure that interior electrode is arranged on the diverse location ceiling voltage of busbar and minimum voltage difference less than 10%, meets equation below (5):

n(n+1)lρ_l/ WHR ＜ 1/5 (5)

Wherein:

ρ₁Bus bar materials resistivity, unit is Ω m；

W busbar width, unit is m；

H busbar thickness, unit is m；

R zone of heating square resistance, unit is Ω/.

22. high-temperature electric backings according to claim 17, it is characterised in that: on same interior electrode, maximum voltage difference is less than 10%, need to meet equation below (6):

nl²ρ₂/ whLR ＜ 1/5 (6)

Wherein:

In n, electrode creates n interval；

ρ₂Inner electrode resistivity, unit is Ω m；

Electrode width in w, unit is m；

Thickness of electrode in h, unit is m；

R zone of heating square resistance, unit is Ω/.

23. high-temperature electric backings according to claim 15, it is characterised in that: two strip electrodes of described parallel pole are arranged at two edges of zone of heating.

24. high-temperature electric backings according to claim 23, it is characterised in that: described parallel pole is straight line parallel electrode or oriented parallel electrode or broken line parallel pole.

25. high-temperature electric backings according to claim 23, it is characterised in that: the square resistance of final warming temperature, initial temperature, supply voltage, two electrode spacings and zone of heating meets equation below (7):

T=kU²/d²R+t (7)

Wherein:

T initial temperature, unit is DEG C；

T high-temperature heating sheet institute of heating up is to final warming temperature, and unit is DEG C；

U supply voltage, unit is V；

The spacing of d two parallel pole, unit is cm；

R zone of heating square resistance, unit is Ω/；

26. according to the high-temperature electric backing described in any one of claim 23-25, it is characterised in that: the width of described parallel pole is 7-10mm.

27. high-temperature electric backings according to claim 26, it is characterised in that: the width of described parallel pole is 8mm.

28. according to the high-temperature electric backing described in any one of claim 23-25, it is characterised in that: the spacing of described parallel pole is 9-13cm.

29. high-temperature electric backings according to claim 28, it is characterised in that: the spacing of described parallel pole is 10cm.

30. high-temperature electric backings according to claim 15, it is characterised in that: the material of described zone of heating is 3-5 layer graphene.

31. high-temperature electric backings according to claim 15, it is characterised in that: described base material is exotic material, and the thickness of described base material is 20-5000 μm.

32. high-temperature electric backings according to claim 31, it is characterised in that: the thickness of described base material is 50-3000 μm.

33. high-temperature electric backings according to claim 15, it is characterised in that: described electrode material is high temperature resistant conductive silver paste.

34. high-temperature electric backings according to claim 15, it is characterised in that: protective mulch on the electrode of described high-temperature electric backing and zone of heating, with what base material echoed mutually, the zone of heating being provided with electrode is clipped in the middle.

35. high-temperature electric backings according to claim 34, it is characterised in that: the material of described protective layer is exotic material, and the thickness of described cover layer is 1-1000 μm.

36. high-temperature electric backings according to claim 35, it is characterised in that: the thickness of described cover layer is 5-200 μm.

37. high-temperature electric backings according to claim 36, it is characterised in that: the thickness of described protective mulch is 75-123 μm.