CN105451380B - Heating pad - Google Patents
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- CN105451380B CN105451380B CN201510290572.2A CN201510290572A CN105451380B CN 105451380 B CN105451380 B CN 105451380B CN 201510290572 A CN201510290572 A CN 201510290572A CN 105451380 B CN105451380 B CN 105451380B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a heating mat. The utility model provides a heating pad, includes protective layer, heating film and insulating layer that stack gradually, the heating film includes: a first insulating layer; the conducting layer is formed on the surface of the first insulating layer; the electrode layer is formed on the surface of the conducting layer and is electrically connected with the conducting layer, the electrode layer comprises a positive electrode and a negative electrode, the positive electrode comprises a positive bus bar and a plurality of positive inner electrodes extending from the positive bus bar, the negative electrode comprises a negative bus bar and a plurality of negative inner electrodes extending from the negative bus bar, and the positive inner electrodes and the negative inner electrodes are alternately arranged and spaced from each other; and a second insulating layer formed on the surface of the electrode layer; the heating pad further includes a connection line electrically connected to the electrode layer of the heating film. The heating pad has a heating function and can be powered by a lower voltage.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a heating mat.
Background
With the development of society, the requirements of people on the quality of life are higher and higher. In winter, the requirement for warm keeping is higher. For example, in cold weather, the temperature of a dining table is low, dishes are placed on the ordinary dining table cushion after being placed on the dining table, and the dishes can be cooled down quickly after being placed on the dining table, so that a lot of people adopt an alcohol stove or an induction cooker to heat the dishes, and the danger is high.
For another example, when the mouse is operated in winter, the hand is placed on the cold and icy mouse pad, and the operation is affected by the frozen stiffness of the hand. Ordinary mouse pad can't heat, and heatable mat generally adopts the metal heating wire as the heating material, and the supply voltage that needs is higher, in case electric leakage high voltage can cause the electric shock on the one hand, and the security performance is not good, and on the other hand, higher voltage has higher requirement to the power or the power supply mode of power supply.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, there is a need for a heating mat with heating function that can be powered with a lower voltage.
A kind of heating pad is provided, which comprises a heating pad,
including protective layer, heating film and the insulating layer that stacks gradually, the heating film includes:
a first insulating layer;
the conducting layer is formed on the surface of the first insulating layer;
the electrode layer is formed on the surface of the conducting layer and is electrically connected with the conducting layer, the electrode layer comprises a positive electrode and a negative electrode, the positive electrode comprises a positive bus bar and a plurality of positive inner electrodes extending from the positive bus bar, the negative electrode comprises a negative bus bar and a plurality of negative inner electrodes extending from the negative bus bar, and the positive inner electrodes and the negative inner electrodes are alternately arranged and spaced from each other; and
the second insulating layer is formed on the surface of the electrode layer;
the heating pad further includes a connection line electrically connected to the electrode layer of the heating film.
In one embodiment, the positive bus bar and the negative bus bar are both linear and parallel, the positive internal electrodes extend from a side of the positive bus bar close to the negative bus bar, and the negative internal electrodes extend from a side of the negative bus bar close to the positive bus bar.
In one embodiment, the positive bus bar and the negative bus bar are arc-shaped and are arranged at intervals, the positive internal electrode extends from the inner side of the positive bus bar to the inner side of the negative bus bar, and the negative internal electrode extends from the inner side of the negative bus bar to the inner side of the positive bus bar.
In one embodiment, the heating film further includes an auxiliary electrode layer disposed between the first insulating layer and the conductive layer, the auxiliary electrode layer is electrically connected to the conductive layer, the auxiliary electrode layer includes an auxiliary positive electrode and an auxiliary negative electrode, the auxiliary positive electrode includes an auxiliary positive bus bar and a plurality of auxiliary positive internal electrodes extending from the auxiliary positive bus bar, the auxiliary negative electrode includes an auxiliary negative bus bar and a plurality of auxiliary negative internal electrodes extending from the auxiliary negative bus bar, and the auxiliary positive internal electrodes and the auxiliary negative internal electrodes are alternately disposed and spaced apart from each other.
In one embodiment, projections of the auxiliary positive internal electrodes and the auxiliary negative internal electrodes of the auxiliary electrode layer on the conductive layer and projections of the positive internal electrodes and the negative internal electrodes of the electrode layer on the conductive layer are mutually staggered.
In one embodiment, the heating film further includes a first adhesive layer and a second adhesive layer, the first adhesive layer is disposed between the first insulating layer and the conductive layer, and the second adhesive layer is disposed between the electrode layer and the second insulating layer.
In one embodiment, the positive electrodes are multiple, and the positive electrodes are connected in series;
and/or the negative electrode is provided with a plurality of negative electrodes which are connected in series.
In one embodiment, the heating element further comprises a controller and a wireless communicator, the controller is electrically connected with the electrode layer, the wireless communicator can receive a control command and transmit the control command to the controller, and the controller controls the heating of the heating film according to the control command.
In another type of heating pad, a heating pad is provided,
including protective layer, heating film and the insulating layer that stacks gradually, the heating film includes:
a first insulating layer;
a first electrode layer formed on a surface of the first insulating layer, the first electrode layer including a positive electrode, the positive electrode including a positive electrode bus bar and a plurality of positive internal electrodes extending from the positive electrode bus bar,
the conducting layer is formed on the surface of the first electrode layer and is electrically connected with the first electrode layer;
the second electrode layer is formed on the surface of the conducting layer and is electrically connected with the conducting layer, the second electrode layer comprises a negative electrode, the negative electrode comprises a negative bus bar and a plurality of negative internal electrodes extending from the negative bus bar, and the projections of the positive internal electrodes and the negative internal electrodes on the conducting layer are alternately arranged and are mutually spaced; and
the second insulating layer is formed on the surface of the second electrode layer;
the heating pad further comprises a connecting wire electrically connected with the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of the heating film.
Above-mentioned heating pad, because the positive electrode of the electrode layer of heating film includes a plurality of anodal inner electrodes, the negative electrode includes a plurality of negative pole inner electrodes, anodal inner electrode sets up with negative pole inner electrode is alternative, the interval between the adjacent inner electrode has been reduced to make the resistance that is located the conducting layer between anodal inner electrode and the negative pole inner electrode less, thereby can adopt lower voltage power supply, even adopt ordinary lithium cell power supply, can reach the purpose of rapid heating, thereby can use lower voltage power supply.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heating mat according to one embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a structure of a heating film of the heating member of fig. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the electrode layer of the heating film in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a heating film of a heating mat;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a heating film of a heating mat;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a heating film of a heating mat;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an electrode layer of a heating film of a heating pad according to another embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an electrode layer of a heating film of a heating pad according to another embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an electrode layer of a heating film of a heating pad according to another embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a photograph of the temperature distribution of the heating film of example 1 taken by a thermal infrared imager;
FIG. 11 is a photograph of the temperature distribution of the heating film of example 2 taken by a thermal infrared imager.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a heating mat 10 according to an embodiment includes a heating film 110, a protective layer 120, a thermal insulation layer 130, a power supply device 150, a power switch 170, and a temperature control switch 180.
The heating film 110 is sandwiched between the protective layer 120 and the thermal insulating layer 130. The power supply device 150, the power switch 170 and the temperature control switch 180 are electrically connected to the heating film 110 through a connection wire 140.
Referring to fig. 2, in the illustrated embodiment, the heating film 110 includes a first insulating layer 112, a conductive layer 114, an electrode layer 116, and a second insulating layer 118, which are sequentially stacked.
The first insulating layer 112 is a substrate. The material of the first insulating layer 112 is glass or polymer. Preferably, the polymer is PET, PVC, PE, PMMA, PVDF, PANI or PC. Preferably, the thickness of the first insulating layer 112 is 10 μm to 125 μm.
The conductive layer 114 is formed on one side surface of the first insulating layer 112. The conductive layer 114 is formed of a conductive material. Preferably, the material of the conductive layer 114 is silver, copper, aluminum, graphene, carbon nanotube, ITO, FTO, or AZO. Further preferably, the material of the conductive layer 114 is single-layer graphene or multi-layer graphene. When the material of the conductive layer is graphene, the conductive layer 114 may further contain a dopant, which is an organic dopant or an inorganic dopant. Preferably, the thickness of the conductive layer is 10nm to 100 nm.
The electrode layer 116 is formed on the surface of the conductive layer 114 and electrically connected to the conductive layer 114.
Referring to fig. 3, in the illustrated embodiment, the electrode layer 116 includes a positive electrode 1162 and a negative electrode 1164. The thickness of the electrode layer 116 is 10nm to 35 μm.
The positive electrode 1162 includes a positive bus bar 1162a and a plurality of positive internal electrodes 1162b extending from the positive bus bar 1162 a.
In the illustrated embodiment, the positive electrode bus bar 1162a is substantially bar-shaped, and includes a main body (not shown), a connecting portion (not shown), and an extending portion (not shown) connected to the connecting portion. The main body, the connecting part and the extending part are all in a linear strip shape. One end of the connecting part is vertically connected with one end of the main body, the other end of the connecting part is vertically connected with one end of the extending part, and the main body and the extending part are respectively positioned at two sides of the connecting part.
The plurality of positive internal electrodes 1162b are provided, and the plurality of positive internal electrodes 1162b extend from one side of the main body. In the illustrated embodiment, the positive internal electrodes 1162b are linear and are each perpendicular to the body of the positive bus bar 1162 a. The connection portion of the positive electrode inner electrode 1162b and the positive electrode bus bar 1162a is located on the same side of the main body of the positive electrode bus bar 1162 a. The width of the positive electrode 1162b is 0.5mm to 4 mm. The width of the cathode bus bar 1162a is much larger than that of the cathode internal electrode 1162 b. The width of the positive electrode bus bar 1162a is 6mm to 10 mm.
The negative electrode 1164 includes a negative bus bar 1164a and a plurality of negative internal electrodes 1164b extending from the negative bus bar 1164 a.
In the illustrated embodiment, the negative bus bar 1164a is substantially bar-shaped, and includes a main body (not shown), a connecting portion (not shown), and an extending portion (not shown) connected to the connecting portion. The main body, the connecting part and the extending part are all in a linear strip shape. One end of the connecting part is vertically connected with one end of the main body, the other end of the connecting part is vertically connected with one end of the extending part, and the main body and the extending part are respectively positioned at two sides of the connecting part. The main body of the negative electrode bus bar 1164a and the main body of the positive electrode bus bar 1162a are parallel to each other and spaced apart from each other, the positive electrode 1162b is located between the main body of the negative electrode bus bar 1164a and the main body of the positive electrode bus bar 1162a, and one end of the positive electrode 1162b away from the positive electrode bus bar 1162a is spaced apart from the main body of the negative electrode bus bar 1164 a. The connecting portion of negative electrode bus bar 1164a extends from one end of the main body of negative electrode bus bar 1164a in a direction closer to the connecting portion of positive electrode bus bar 1162a, and the connecting portion of negative electrode bus bar 1164a is substantially flush with the connecting portion of positive electrode bus bar 1162 a.
The plurality of negative internal electrodes 1164b are provided, each of the negative internal electrodes 1164b extends from a side of the main body of the negative bus bar 1164a close to the main body of the positive bus bar 1162a, and extends toward the main body of the positive bus bar 1162a, and the end of the negative internal electrode 1164b is spaced apart from the main body of the positive bus bar 1162 a. In the illustrated embodiment, the negative internal electrodes 1164b are linear and are each perpendicular to the body of the negative bus bar 1164 a. The negative internal electrodes 1164b and the positive internal electrodes 1162b are alternately arranged and spaced from each other, that is, the negative internal electrodes 1164b are adjacent to the positive internal electrodes 1162b, and the positive internal electrodes 1162b are adjacent to the negative internal electrodes 1164 b. Adjacent internal electrodes come from different bus bars. Preferably, in the electrode layer 116, the positive electrode 1162b and the negative electrode 1164b are uniformly distributed, that is, the distances between the adjacent positive electrode 1162b and negative electrode 1164b are the same and are 2mm to 8 mm. The connection portion of the negative electrode 1164b and the negative bus bar 1164a is located on the same side of the main body of the negative bus bar 1164 a. The width of the negative electrode 1164b is 0.5mm to 4 mm. The width of the negative electrode bus bar 1164a is much larger than that of the negative electrode internal electrode 1164 b. The width of the negative electrode bus bar 1164a is 6mm to 10 mm.
The material of the electrode layer 116 is silver, copper, aluminum, platinum, graphene, carbon nanotube, ITO, FTO, or AZO. Of course, the electrode layer 116 may be formed by applying silver paste or copper paste and then curing, and in this case, the electrode layer 116 inevitably contains other materials in the paste. Preferably, the electrode layer 116 is integrally formed with the conductive layer 114. Preferably, when the material of the conductive layer 114 is graphene, the material of the electrode layer 116 is also graphene, and the electrode layer 116 and the conductive layer 114 are integrally molded. By arranging the electrode layer 116, the electrode layer 116 is applied to the conductive layer 114 made of single-layer graphene, so that the heating film 110 can work under the voltage less than or equal to 12V, and if the conductive layer 114 is made of multi-layer graphene, the working voltage can be further reduced.
Further, the positive electrode bus bar 1162a, the positive electrode internal electrode 1162b, the negative electrode bus bar 1164a, and the negative electrode internal electrode 1164b of the electrode layer 116 may be made of the same material or different materials.
The second insulating layer 118 is formed on the surface of the electrode layer 116. The material of the second insulating layer 118 is glass or polymer. Preferably, the polymer is PET, PVC, PE, PMMA, PVDF, PANI or PC. Preferably, the thickness of the second insulating layer 118 is 10 μm to 125 μm.
The passivation layer 120 is formed on the surface of the first insulating layer 112. The protective layer 120 is made of an insulating material having good thermal conductivity.
The thermal insulation layer 130 is formed on the surface of the second insulation layer 118. The heat insulating layer 130 is made of a material having good heat insulating properties. Since the heat insulating layer 130 is in contact with a table or the like during use, an anti-slip layer (not shown) is preferably formed on the surface of the heat insulating layer 130 on the side away from the second insulating layer 118. Preferably, the material of the anti-slip layer is gel.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the power supply device 150 is electrically connected to the electrode layer 116 of the heating film 110 through the connection wire 140. The power supply device 150 is used for supplying power to the heating film 110, and in this embodiment, the power supply device 150 is a mobile power supply, such as a lithium battery. Of course, in other embodiments, power supply device 150 may be a converter that converts a 220V voltage to a low voltage and outputs the low voltage.
The power switch 170 is electrically connected to the power supply device 150 and the electrode layer 116, and is used for controlling whether the power supply device 150 supplies power to the electrode layer 116.
The temperature control switch 180 is electrically connected to the power supply device 150 and the electrode layer 116, and is used for controlling the voltage output by the power supply device 150 to the electrode layer 116, so as to control the heating temperature of the conductive layer 114.
Further, in the illustrated embodiment, the heating pad 10 further includes a control unit 190, and the power supply device 150, the power switch 170 and the temperature control switch 180 are integrated with the control unit 190.
Further, a charging interface 152 is further disposed on the heating mat 10 for charging. In the present embodiment, the charging connector 152 is provided on the power supply device 150, but in other embodiments, the charging connector 152 may be provided separately on the control member 190 or other positions of the heating mat 10.
It should be noted that the control element 190 may also be fixed on the surface of the heating mat 10 or embedded inside, and the connecting wire 140 is disposed inside the heating mat 10 and is not visible to the outside.
Preferably, in order to obtain good temperature uniformity at low voltage, for the special structure of the electrode layer 116, the temperature difference, the starting temperature, the supply voltage, the spacing between the adjacent positive and negative internal electrodes 1162b and 1164b, and the sheet resistance of the conductive layer 114 conform to the following formula:
T＝kU2/d2R+t (1)
in formula (1):
t-initial temperature in units of;
t-final temperature difference of the heating film, unit is;
u is power supply voltage with the unit of V, and U is less than or equal to 12V;
d is the distance between the adjacent anode internal electrode 1162b and the cathode internal electrode 1164b, the unit is cm, and the distance between the adjacent anode internal electrode 1162b and the cathode internal electrode 1164b is calculated according to the distance on one surface of the conductive layer;
r is square resistance of the conducting layer, and the unit is omega/□;
k is constant, the value range is 10-200, and the value range of k is different according to the conductivity coefficient between the heating film and the air and is inversely proportional to the conductivity coefficient between the heating film and the air.
Further, in order to ensure the uniformity of the heating temperature of the heating pad 10, the widths and thicknesses of the positive electrode bus bar 1162a and the negative electrode bus bar 1162b need to consider the current carrying capacity and resistivity of the materials used, the resistivity needs to be small enough to reduce the voltage drop on the positive electrode bus bar 1162a and the negative electrode bus bar 1162b, the maximum voltage and the minimum voltage of the positive electrode internal electrode 1162b and the negative electrode internal electrode 1164b arranged at different positions of the positive electrode bus bar 1162a or the negative electrode bus bar 1162b are not different by more than 10%, and the current carrying capacity determines that the sectional areas of the positive electrode bus bar 1162a and the negative electrode bus bar 1162b need to be larger than a certain value to ensure that the positive electrode bus bar 1162a and the negative electrode bus bar 1162b are not burned, and the following formula (2) exists:
n(n+1)lρl/WHR＜1/5 (2)
wherein:
n is the number of intervals generated by the positive electrode 1162b and the negative electrode 1164 b;
ρ1the resistivity of the material of the positive bus bar 1162a and the negative bus bar 1162b is in Ω · m;
l-the length of the positive electrode 1162b and the negative electrode 1164b, in m;
w — width of positive bus bar 1162a and negative bus bar 1162b, in m;
h — positive bus bar 1162a and negative bus bar 1162b thickness in m;
r-the sheet resistance of conductive layer 114, in units of Ω/□.
In the above formula, it is assumed that the positive electrode bus bar 1162a and the negative electrode bus bar 1162b are made of the same material, have the same width and thickness, and have the same length as the positive electrode internal electrode 1162b and the negative electrode internal electrode 1164 b.
Also, the inner electrodes should ensure current carrying capability and allow for a maximum voltage difference on the same inner electrode of no more than 10%. The following formula (3) exists:
nl2ρ2/whLR＜1/5 (3)
wherein:
n is the number of intervals generated by the positive electrode 1162b and the negative electrode 1164 b;
l-the length of the positive electrode 1162b and the negative electrode 1164b, in m;
ρ2the resistivity of the materials of the positive electrode inner electrode 1162b and the negative electrode inner electrode 1164b is in Ω · m;
w-the width of the positive electrode inner electrode 1162b and the negative electrode inner electrode 1164b, in m;
h is the thickness of the positive electrode 1162b and the negative electrode 1164b in m;
l — length of positive bus bar 1162a and negative bus bar 1162b, in m;
r-the sheet resistance of conductive layer 114, in units of Ω/□.
In the above formula, it is assumed that the positive electrode bus bar 1162a and the negative electrode bus bar 1162b have the same size, and the positive electrode internal electrode 1162b and the negative electrode internal electrode 1164b have the same material, length, width, and thickness.
The heating pad adopts the electrode layer with a special structure, and the distance between the adjacent inner electrodes is reduced by arranging the anode inner electrode and the cathode inner electrode, so that the resistance of the conducting layer between the anode inner electrode and the cathode inner electrode is smaller, the power can be supplied by adopting lower voltage, and the purpose of rapid heating can be achieved even if the common lithium battery is adopted for supplying power; when the material of the conductive layer 114 is single-layer graphene, the same heating effect as that of a conventional heating film can be obtained by supplying power with a voltage not higher than 1.5V; by changing the areas of the anode bus bar 1162a and the cathode bus bar 1164a of the electrode layers and the distance between the anode inner electrode 1162b and the cathode inner electrode 1164b, different heating powers can be realized, and different heating temperature requirements can be met.
Another embodiment of the heating mat is substantially the same structure as the heating mat 10, except that: the heating pad 10 further comprises a controller and a wireless communicator, the controller being electrically connected to the electrode layer 116. The wireless communicator may receive the control command and transmit the control command to the controller, and the controller controls the heating of the heating film 110 according to the control command. The control instruction is sent by the control end. The control end comprises at least one of a remote controller, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a desktop computer and a notebook computer. The control end is provided with infrared transceiver module, WIFI module or ZIGBEE module, and the control end passes through infrared transceiver module, WIFI module or ZIGBEE module and communicates with the controller. Further, the heating member 10 is further provided with a temperature sensor electrically connected to the controller, so that the controller can adjust the heating temperature of the heating film according to the received temperature information collected by the temperature sensor. Furthermore, corresponding APP can be installed on the mobile phone to conveniently control whether the heating film is heated or not and the heating temperature.
Referring to fig. 4, another embodiment of a heating pad has substantially the same structure as the heating pad 10, except that: in the illustrated embodiment, the heating film 210 of the heating pad includes a first insulating layer 212, a first adhesive layer 213, a conductive layer 214, an electrode layer 216, a second adhesive layer 217, and a second insulating layer 218, which are sequentially stacked. The conductive layer 214 is bonded to the first insulating layer 212 through the first glue layer 213, and the second insulating layer 218 is bonded to the electrode layer 216 through the second insulating layer 218. Preferably, the first adhesive layer 213 is made of an ultraviolet light curable adhesive, a hot melt adhesive, or a silica gel, and the second adhesive layer 217 is made of an ultraviolet light curable adhesive, a hot melt adhesive, or a silica gel.
In the above heating mat, the heating film 210 is prepared by the following steps:
step S310, providing a prefabricated plate, wherein the prefabricated plate comprises a base layer for preparing an electrode layer and a conductive layer 214 formed on the surface of the base layer.
Preferably, the base layer is a metal foil. The metal foil is a copper foil, a nickel foil or other metal foils, and is not limited herein.
In this step, the preformed sheet is provided with a conductive layer (e.g., graphene) grown directly on the base layer.
Step S320, the first insulating layer 212 is bonded to the conductive layer 214 of the prefabricated panel by the first glue layer 213.
And S330, preparing a mask on the surface of the base layer, etching the base layer, and removing the mask to obtain the electrode layer.
In this step, the pattern of the mask is designed according to the pattern of the electrode layer as required. During etching treatment, the prefabricated plate with the mask is placed in etching solution, and the base layer which is not protected by the mask is removed by etching.
Preferably, the etching solution contains a substance that can improve the conductivity of the conductive layer 214.
Step S340, adhering the second insulating layer 218 to the surface of the electrode layer 216 through the second glue layer 217.
Preferably, the second adhesive layer 217 and the second insulating layer 218 are formed with through holes corresponding to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the electrode layer 216 to form leads.
The preparation method of the heating film 210 is simple, time and material cost are saved, and meanwhile, the electrode layer is prepared by adopting the metal foil, so that the electric conductivity is good, and the control of the temperature uniformity of the heating film is facilitated.
Preferably, the thickness of the first adhesive layer 213 and the second adhesive layer 217 is 25 to 75 μm.
Referring to fig. 5, another embodiment of a heating pad has substantially the same structure as the heating pad 10, except that: in the illustrated embodiment, the heating film 410 of the heating pad includes a first insulating layer 412, a conductive layer 414, an electrode layer 416, a second adhesive layer 417, and a second insulating layer 418, which are sequentially stacked. The second insulating layer 418 is bonded to the electrode layer 416 through the second insulating layer 418. Preferably, the material of the second adhesive layer 417 is an ultraviolet light curing adhesive, a hot melt adhesive or a silica gel.
In the above heating mat, the heating film 410 is prepared by the following steps:
step S510 is to print or vapor deposit the electrode layer 416 on the surface of the conductive layer 144 formed on the surface of the first insulating layer 412.
Step S520, bonding the second insulating layer 418 to the surface of the electrode layer 416 through the second glue layer 417.
Preferably, the second glue layer 417 and the second insulating layer 418 are formed with through holes corresponding to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the electrode layer 416 to form leads.
The method for manufacturing the heating film 410 is simple.
Referring to fig. 6, another embodiment of a heating pad has substantially the same structure as the heating pad 10, except that: in the illustrated embodiment, the heating film 510 of the heating pad includes a first insulating layer 512, an auxiliary electrode layer 513, a conductive layer 514, an electrode layer 516, and a second insulating layer 518, which are sequentially stacked. The auxiliary electrode layer 513 is electrically connected to the conductive layer 514. The structure of the auxiliary electrode layer 513 is the same as that of the electrode layer 516. The auxiliary electrode layer 513 includes an auxiliary positive electrode (not shown) and an auxiliary negative electrode (not shown). The auxiliary positive electrode comprises an auxiliary positive bus bar and a plurality of auxiliary positive internal electrodes extending from the auxiliary positive bus bar. The auxiliary negative electrode comprises an auxiliary negative bus bar and a plurality of auxiliary negative internal electrodes extending from the auxiliary negative bus bar. The auxiliary anode internal electrodes and the auxiliary cathode internal electrodes are alternately arranged and spaced. Further preferably, projections of the auxiliary positive electrode internal electrodes and the auxiliary negative electrode internal electrodes of the auxiliary electrode layer 513 on the conductive layer 514 and projections of the positive electrode internal electrodes and the negative electrode internal electrodes of the electrode layer 516 on the conductive layer are shifted from each other.
Referring to fig. 7, another embodiment of a heating pad has substantially the same structure as the heating pad 10, except that: in the illustrated embodiment, the electrode layer 616 includes a positive electrode 6162, a first negative electrode 6164, and a second negative electrode 6166. The first negative electrode 6164 is in series with the second negative electrode 6166. The positive electrode 6162 includes a positive bus bar 6162a and a plurality of positive inner electrodes 6162b extending from the positive bus bar 6162 a. The number of the positive electrode internal electrodes 6162b is plural, and the plural positive electrode internal electrodes 6162b extend from one side of the positive electrode bus bar 6162 a. In the illustrated embodiment, the inner positive electrode 6162b is linear and perpendicular to the positive bus bar 6162 a.
The first negative electrode 6164 includes a first negative bus bar 6164a and a plurality of first negative inner electrodes 6164b extending from the first negative bus bar 6164 a. The second negative electrode includes a second negative bus bar 6166a and a plurality of second negative inner electrodes 6166b extending from the second negative bus bar 6166 a. The first negative bus bar 6164a and the second negative bus bar 6166a are both linear, the first negative bus bar 6164a and the second negative bus bar 6166a are both arranged in parallel with the positive bus bar 6162a, the first negative bus bar 6164a and the second negative bus bar 6166a are positioned on the same straight line and are spaced from each other, one end of the first negative bus bar 6164a, which is far away from the second negative bus bar 6166a, is approximately flush with one end of the positive bus bar 6162a, and one end of the second negative bus bar 6166a, which is far away from the first negative bus bar 6164a, is approximately flush with the other end of the positive bus bar 6162 a.
One end of the positive inner electrode 6162b away from the positive bus bar 6162a is close to the first negative bus bar 6164a or the second negative bus bar 6166a, and is spaced from the first negative bus bar 6164a or the second negative bus bar 6166 a. The first negative inner electrode 6164b extends from a side of the first negative bus bar 6164a close to the positive inner electrode 6162a and is spaced from the positive inner electrode 6162a, and the first negative inner electrode 6164b and the positive inner electrodes 6162b corresponding to the first negative bus bar 6164a are alternately arranged. The second negative inner electrode 6166b extends from a side of the second negative bus bar 6166a close to the positive inner electrode 6162a and is spaced from the positive inner electrode 6162a, and the second negative inner electrode 6166b and the positive inner electrodes 6162b corresponding to the second negative bus bar 6166a are alternately arranged.
It should be noted that the first negative electrode 6164 and the second negative electrode 6166 are not limited to be connected in series, and may also be arranged in parallel. The positive electrode can also be a plurality of positive electrodes which are connected in series or in parallel. The negative electrodes are not limited to two, and may be one or more than 2.
Referring to fig. 8, another embodiment of a heating pad has substantially the same structure as the heating pad 10, except that: in the illustrated embodiment, the positive electrode bus bar 7162a and the negative electrode bus bar 7164a of the electrode layer 716 have a linear shape. The negative electrode bus bar 7162a is disposed at an interval from the positive electrode bus bar 7164a, and the negative electrode bus bar 7164a extends in the extending direction of the positive electrode bus bar 7162 a. The positive internal electrode 7162b is bent and extended from the positive bus bar 7162a to the negative bus bar 7164a, and the end of the positive internal electrode 7162b is close to the negative bus bar 7164a and is spaced from the negative bus bar 7164 a. The negative internal electrode 7164b is bent and extended from the negative bus bar 7164a to the positive bus bar 7162a, and the end of the negative internal electrode 7164b is close to the positive bus bar 7162a and is spaced from the positive bus bar.
Referring to fig. 9, another embodiment of a heating pad has substantially the same structure as the heating pad 10, except that: in the illustrated embodiment, the positive bus bar 8162a and the negative bus bar 8164a are both arc-shaped and spaced apart, and the positive bus bar 8162a and the negative bus bar 8164a are annularly enclosed. The positive electrode inner electrode 8162a extends from the inside of the positive bus bar 8162a to the inside of the negative bus bar 8162b, and the tip of the positive electrode inner electrode 8162b is close to the negative bus bar 8164a and spaced apart from the negative bus bar 8164 a. The negative electrode 8164b extends from the inside of the negative bus bar 8164a to the inside of the positive bus bar 8162a, and the tip of the negative electrode 8164b is close to the positive bus bar 8162a and spaced apart from the positive bus bar. In the illustrated embodiment, the positive electrode 8162b and the negative electrode 8164b are linear.
The positive electrode bus bar and the negative electrode bus bar are not limited to the shapes described in the above embodiments, and may have other shapes; the positive electrode internal electrode and the negative electrode internal electrode are not limited to the shapes exemplified in the above embodiments, and may be in other shapes such as a curved shape or a wave shape, as long as the positive electrode internal electrode and the negative electrode internal electrode are alternately arranged to reduce the distance between the positive electrode internal electrode and the negative electrode internal electrode.
It is understood that a positive electrode and a negative electrode may be disposed on two sides of the conductive layer, respectively, and the projection of the positive electrode and the negative electrode on the conductive layer is the same as the structure of the conductive layer in the above-mentioned embodiment.
The following is further illustrated with reference to specific examples.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 3 and 4, the single-layer graphene is used as a conductive layer of the heating film, and the electrode layer is printed with silver paste.
1. Transferring a layer of graphene on PET (first insulating layer) with the area of 150mm multiplied by 150mm and the thickness of 125 mu m, wherein the graphene is doped and the sheet resistance is 250 omega/□;
2. printing a silver paste electrode pattern on the transferred graphene by using a screen printing device, wherein the pattern is in the shape shown in fig. 3, the distance between the positive electrode inner electrode and the negative electrode inner electrode is 6mm, the length of the positive electrode inner electrode and the negative electrode inner electrode is 108mm, the width of the positive electrode inner electrode and the negative electrode inner electrode is 1mm, the number of the positive electrode inner electrode and the negative electrode inner electrode is 15, the width of the positive electrode bus bar and the width of the;
3. and (3) baking the printed electrode layer in an oven to solidify the silver paste, wherein the baking temperature is 130 ℃ and the baking time is 40 min.
The initial temperature is room temperature (22 ℃), under the condition, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the electrode layer are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a 5V power supply through leads, the stable state can be achieved after the test for 60 seconds, and the average temperature of the heating film can reach about 77.5 ℃ (the room temperature is 22 ℃).
The average heating power of the heating film when the power is supplied by using 3.7V voltage is 1500w/m2Left and right.
Preferably, the following steps are further performed:
4. attaching OCA glue with the area of 150mm multiplied by 150mm and the thickness of 50 mu m to PET with the same area;
5. cutting a square hole of the bonded PET/OCA by using laser cutting equipment, wherein the size of the hole is 5mm multiplied by 5mm, and the tail end of the bus bar is exposed out of an electrode of 5mm multiplied by 5mm after the PET/OCA is bonded with the electrode pattern at the position of the hole;
6. after aligning, attaching the PET/OCA to the electrode layer;
7. manufacturing a lead on the electrode exposed from the small hole;
in this case, the resistance of the heating film was measured to be 2.7 Ω, the leads were connected to the positive and negative electrodes of a 5V power supply, respectively, and a stable state was achieved after 60 seconds of testing, and fig. 10 shows a photograph of the temperature distribution of the heating film taken by a thermal infrared imager, at which time the average temperature of the heating film reached about 66 ℃ (room temperature 22 ℃).
The test results showed that the average heating power of the heating film when the power was supplied with 3.7V was 1300w/m2About, and the average heating power of the heating film using the conventional inner electrode-free heating film is 5w/m at a voltage of 3.7V2On the left and right, the voltage for heating the same as the heating film newly designed by us needs to be increased to about 60V, which is far beyond the voltage for human body safety.
Example 2:
in this embodiment, two graphene layers are used as the conductive layers of the heating film, and the electrode layers are printed with silver paste.
1. Transferring two layers of graphene as conducting layers on PET (first insulating layer) with the area of 120mm multiplied by 120mm and the thickness of 125 mu m, wherein the graphene is doped, and the sheet resistance is 120 omega/□;
2. printing a silver paste electrode layer on the transferred conductive layer by using a screen printing device, wherein the pattern shape is shown in fig. 9, the diameter of the outer circle of the bus bar is 96mm, the distance between the inner electrodes is 6mm, the width of the bus bar is 1mm, the width of the bus bar is 8mm, and the thickness of the silver paste is 25 micrometers;
3. and (3) baking the printed electrode pattern in an oven to solidify the silver paste, wherein the baking temperature is 130 ℃ and the baking time is 40 min.
In this case, the leads are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of a 5V power supply, respectively, and the test shows that the stable state can be achieved within 60S, and the average temperature of the heating film can reach about 137.7 ℃ (the initial temperature is 22 ℃).
The test results show that the average heating power of the heating film using the electrode design of our invention when powered with 3.7V voltage is 3168w/m2Left and right.
Preferably, the following steps are further performed:
4. attaching OCA glue with the area of 120mm multiplied by 120mm and the thickness of 50 mu m to PET with the same area;
5. cutting a square hole in the bonded PET/OCA by using laser cutting equipment, wherein the size of the hole is 5mm multiplied by 5mm, and the position of the hole is to ensure that an electrode with the size of 5mm multiplied by 5mm is exposed at the tail end of the bus bar after the PET/OCA is bonded with the electrode layer;
6. after aligning, attaching the PET/OCA to the electrode layer;
7. manufacturing a lead on the electrode exposed from the small hole;
in this case, the resistance of the heating film was measured to be 2 Ω, the leads were connected to the positive and negative electrodes of a 5V power supply, respectively, and the stable state was achieved after 40S of testing, and fig. 11 shows a photograph of the temperature distribution of the heating film taken by a thermal infrared imager, at which time the average temperature of the heating film reached about 90.9 ℃ (room temperature 22 ℃).
The test results showed that the average heating power of the heating film when the power was supplied with 3.7V was 1300w/m2About, and the average heating power of the heating film using the conventional inner electrode-free heating film is 5w/m at a voltage of 3.7V2On the left and right, the voltage for heating the same as the heating film newly designed by us needs to be increased to about 60V, which is far beyond the voltage for human body safety.
Example 3:
referring to fig. 7, a single-layer graphene is used as a conductive layer of a heating film, and the preparation process includes:
1. bonding copper foil with grown graphene (the graphene is doped, the sheet resistance is 250 omega/□) and PET (polyethylene terephthalate) with the size of 150mm multiplied by 300mm and the thickness of 125 mu m together through UV (ultraviolet) glue, wherein the size of the copper foil is 140mm multiplied by 280mm and the thickness of the copper foil is 25 mu m;
2. curing the UV glue with the wavelength of 365nm and the energy of 1000mJ/cm2；
3. Printing a peelable glue mask on the attached copper foil by using a screen printing device, wherein the pattern is in a shape shown in fig. 7, at the moment, the heating film is divided into two parts, the effect of connecting the left heating film and the right heating film in series is formed, the actual utilization voltage is halved, the distance between the inner electrodes is 3mm, the length is 108mm, the width is 1mm, 32 bars are formed, the width of the bus bar is 8mm, and the thickness of the copper foil is 25 mu m;
4. placing the printed electrode pattern in an oven for baking to solidify the peelable glue, wherein the baking temperature is 135 ℃ and the baking time is 40 min;
5. the baked sample was placed in 30% FeCl3Etching in the etching solution, washing with water and drying after etching is finished, and uncovering peelable glue on the surface of the electrode.
In this case, the resistance of the heating film was measured to be 1.7 Ω, and the leads were connected to the positive and negative electrodes of a 3.7V lithium ion battery, respectively (1.85V with respect to half of the heating film), and the temperature of the heating film after 30S stabilization could reach about 46 ℃ (room temperature 22 ℃).
The test results show that the average heating power of the heating film when the electrode design scheme of the invention is used and the voltage of 3.7V is used (the voltage actually applied to the two electrodes is 1.85V) for supplying power is 1521w/m2Left and right.
Preferably, the following steps are further performed:
6. attaching OCA glue with the area of 150mm multiplied by 300mm and the thickness of 50 mu m to PET with the same area;
7. cutting a square hole in the bonded PET/OCA by using laser cutting equipment, wherein the size of the hole is 5mm multiplied by 5mm, and the position of the hole is to ensure that an electrode with the size of 5mm multiplied by 5mm is exposed at the tail end of the bus bar after the PET/OCA is bonded with the electrode layer;
8. after aligning, attaching the PET/OCA to the electrode pattern;
9. manufacturing a lead on the electrode exposed from the small hole;
the resistance of the heating film is measured to be 2.5 omega, the leads are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a 3.7V (the actual utilization voltage is equivalent to 1.85V) lithium ion battery, the temperature of the heating film can reach about 45 ℃ (the room temperature is 22 ℃) after 70S is stabilized, and the temperature accords with the formula T ═ kU2/d2R+t(K＝151)。
Example 4:
in this embodiment, an ITO thin film is used as a conductive layer of a heating film, silver paste is used as an electrode, and the pattern design is as follows with reference to fig. 3:
1. printing silver paste electrode patterns on an ITO film (the sheet resistance is 400 omega/□) with the sheet resistance of 150 omega and the sheet resistance of 150mm multiplied by 150mm by using a screen printing device, wherein the pattern is shaped as shown in figure 3, the distance between internal electrodes is 6mm, the length is 108mm, the width is 1mm, the total number of the internal electrodes is 15, the width of a bus bar is 8mm, and the thickness of the silver paste is 25 mu m;
2. and (3) baking the printed electrode pattern in an oven to solidify the silver paste, wherein the baking temperature is 130 ℃ and the baking time is 40 min.
3. Attaching OCA glue with the area of 150mm multiplied by 150mm and the thickness of 50 mu m to PET with the same area;
4. cutting a square hole in the bonded PET/OCA by using laser cutting equipment, wherein the size of the hole is 5mm multiplied by 5mm, and the position of the hole is to ensure that an electrode with the size of 5mm multiplied by 5mm is exposed at the tail end of the bus bar after the PET/OCA is bonded with the electrode layer;
5. after aligning, attaching the PET/OCA to the electrode pattern;
6. manufacturing a lead on the electrode exposed from the small hole;
under the condition, the resistance of the heating film is measured to be 5 omega, the leads are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a 12V power supply, the stable state can be achieved by 55S through testing, the average temperature of the heating film can reach about 92 ℃ (the room temperature is 22 ℃), and the formula T ═ kU is met2/d2R+t(K＝70)。
Example 5:
the transparent conductive layer of the present embodiment adopts single-layer graphene (250 Ω/□), the electrode layer adopts 10-layer graphene, and the preparation method is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: the method comprises the steps of transferring to the 11 th layer in a mode of continuously transferring graphene to a graphene film, stopping transferring, and then etching 10 graphene layers on the graphene film into a patterned electrode layer, or directly growing multiple graphene layers to form the patterned electrode layer, wherein the pattern of the electrode layer in the embodiment is shown in fig. 3, the distance between internal electrodes is 3mm, the length is 108mm, the width is 1mm, 15 bars are totally formed, the width of a bus bar is 8mm, and the thickness of an electrode (10 graphene layers) is 35 nm.
In this case, the resistance of the heating film was measured to be 2 Ω, the leads were connected to the positive and negative electrodes of a 1.5V power supply, and the stable state was reached at 85S, at which time the average temperature of the heating film was about 34 ℃ (room temperature 22 ℃), according to the formula T ═ kU2/d2R+t(K＝120)。
Example 6:
in this embodiment, 4 layers of graphene (62.5 Ω/□) are used as a conductive layer, an electrode layer is made of ITO, and the preparation method is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: ITO is printed on the time-transparent conducting layer, the electrode patterning design is shown in figure 9, the distance between internal electrodes is 4mm, the width is 1mm, 16 bars are formed in total, the width of a bus bar is 8mm, and the thickness of silver paste is 25 micrometers.
Under the condition, the resistance of the heating film is measured to be 1.6 omega, the leads are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a 7.5V power supply, the stable state can be achieved by testing 100S, the average temperature of the heating film can reach about 103 ℃ (the room temperature is 22 ℃), and the formula T ═ kU is met2/d2R+t(K＝90)。
Example 7:
example 7 is substantially the same as example 3, except that: the electrode layer structure is shown in FIG. 3, the internal electrode spacing is 3mm, the length is 108mm, the width is 1mm, the total number of 115 bars, the bus bar width is 8mm, and the thickness of copper and platinum is 25 μm.
Under the condition, the resistance of the heating film is measured to be 1.7 omega, the leads are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a 12V power supply, the stable state can be achieved by 100S through testing, the average temperature of the heating film can reach about 226 ℃ (the room temperature is 22 ℃), and the formula T ═ kU is met2/d2R+t(K＝32)。
Example 8:
example 8 is substantially the same as example 1 except that: the electrode layer is made of copper foil, the electrode layer structure is shown in FIG. 9, the internal electrode spacing is 2mm, the length is 108mm, the width is 1mm, the total number of 16, the bus bar width is 8mm, and the copper foil thickness is 25 μm. The sheet resistance of the conductive layer using single-layer graphene as a material was 250 Ω/□.
In this case, the resistance of the heating film was measured to be 2 Ω, and the leads were connected to 3.The anode and cathode of 7V power supply are tested to reach stable state in 30S, the average temperature of the heating film can reach 143.8 deg.c (room temperature is 22 deg.c), and the temperature reaches kU2/d2R+t(K＝89)。
Example 9:
in the embodiment, a positive electrode and a negative electrode are separately arranged on two sides of a conducting layer, the projections of the positive electrode and the negative electrode on the conducting layer are shown in fig. 3, the conducting layer is made of single-layer graphene (the sheet resistance is 250 Ω/□), the electrodes are made of 5-10 layers of graphene or copper foil with the thickness of 10-30 μm, wherein the distance between the positive electrode and the negative electrode is 4mm, the length is 108mm, the width is 1mm, the total number of the electrodes is 15, and the width of a bus bar is 8 mm.
Under the condition, the resistance of the heating film is measured to be 2.1 omega, the leads are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a 7.5V power supply, and the stable state can be achieved by testing 30S, the average temperature of the heating film can reach about 210 ℃ (the room temperature is 22 ℃), and the formula T ═ kU is met2/d2R+t(K＝134)。
Example 10:
example 10 is substantially the same as example 3, except that: the structure of the electrode layer is shown in fig. 7, the conductive layer adopts 6 layers of graphene (sheet resistance is 41.6 Ω/□), and the electrode layer is made of copper foil. The distance between the internal electrodes is 3mm, the width is 1mm, the total number of the internal electrodes is 9, the width of the bus bar is 8mm, and the thickness of the copper foil is 25 mu m.
Under the condition, the resistance of the heating film is measured to be 1.9 omega, the leads are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a 1.5V power supply, and the stable state can be achieved by testing 30S, the average temperature of the heating film can reach about 86.3 ℃ (the room temperature is 22 ℃), and the formula T ═ kU is met2/d2R+t(K＝107)。
Example 11:
example 11 is substantially the same as example 1 except that: different materials are adopted for the inner electrode and the bus bar, and metal platinum is used as the material of the bus bar and 10 layers of graphene are used as the material of the inner electrode. Single layer graphene is used as the material of the transparent conductive layer (sheet resistance is 250 Ω/□). The electrode layer structure is shown in fig. 3, the graphene inner electrode spacing is 5mm, the length is 108mm, the width is 1mm, 32 bars are formed in total, the bus bar width is 8mm, and the thickness is 25 μm.
In this case, the resistance of the heating film was measured to be 1.9 Ω, the leads were connected to the positive and negative electrodes of a 12V power supply, respectively, and the stable state was achieved after 30S testing, at which time the average temperature of the heating film was up to about 243 ℃ (room temperature 22 ℃), in accordance with the formula T ═ kU2/d2R+t(K＝96)。
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a heating pad which characterized in that, includes protective layer, heating film and the insulating layer that stacks gradually, the heating film includes:
a first insulating layer;
the conducting layer is formed on the surface of the first insulating layer;
the electrode layer is formed on the surface of the conducting layer and is electrically connected with the conducting layer, the electrode layer comprises a positive electrode and a negative electrode, the positive electrode comprises a positive bus bar and a plurality of positive inner electrodes extending from the positive bus bar, the negative electrode comprises a negative bus bar and a plurality of negative inner electrodes extending from the negative bus bar, and the positive inner electrodes and the negative inner electrodes are alternately arranged and spaced from each other; and
the second insulating layer is formed on the surface of the electrode layer;
the heating pad further comprises a connecting wire electrically connected with the electrode layer of the heating film; and
the power supply device is electrically connected with the electrode layer of the heating film through the connecting wire;
the conducting layer, the electrode layer and the power supply device satisfy the following formula:
T＝kU2/d2r + T, wherein T is the initial temperature of the heating film, T is the final temperature of the heating film, U is the power supply voltage of the power supply device, U is less than or equal to 12V, d is the distance between the adjacent positive electrode inner electrode and the negative electrode inner electrode, R is the square resistance of the conducting layer, and k is a constant taken from 10-200.
2. The heating mat according to claim 1, wherein the positive bus bar and the negative bus bar are both linear and parallel, a plurality of the positive internal electrodes extend from a side of the positive bus bar close to the negative bus bar, and a plurality of the negative internal electrodes extend from a side of the negative bus bar close to the positive bus bar.
3. The heating mat according to claim 1, wherein the positive bus bar and the negative bus bar are both linear, the negative bus bar is spaced apart from the positive bus bar and extends along an extending direction of the positive bus bar, the positive inner electrode is bent and extends from the positive bus bar to the negative bus bar, and the negative inner electrode is bent and extends from the negative bus bar to the positive bus bar.
4. The heating mat according to claim 1, wherein the positive bus bar and the negative bus bar are arc-shaped and spaced apart from each other, the positive inner electrode extends from an inner side of the positive bus bar to an inner side of the negative bus bar, and the negative inner electrode extends from an inner side of the negative bus bar to an inner side of the positive bus bar.
5. The heating mat of claim 1, wherein the heating film further comprises an auxiliary electrode layer disposed between the first insulating layer and the conductive layer, the auxiliary electrode layer being electrically connected to the conductive layer, the auxiliary electrode layer comprising an auxiliary positive electrode and an auxiliary negative electrode, the auxiliary positive electrode comprising an auxiliary positive bus bar and a plurality of auxiliary positive internal electrodes extending from the auxiliary positive bus bar, the auxiliary negative electrode comprising an auxiliary negative bus bar and a plurality of auxiliary negative internal electrodes extending from the auxiliary negative bus bar, the auxiliary positive internal electrodes and the auxiliary negative internal electrodes being alternately disposed and spaced apart from each other.
6. A heating mat according to claim 5, wherein the projections of the auxiliary positive and negative internal electrodes of the auxiliary electrode layer on the electrically conductive layer and the projections of the positive and negative internal electrodes of the electrode layer on the electrically conductive layer are offset from each other.
7. A heating pad according to claim 1, wherein the heating film further comprises a first glue layer and a second glue layer, the first glue layer being disposed between the first insulating layer and the conductive layer, the second glue layer being disposed between the electrode layer and the second insulating layer.
8. A heating mat according to claim 1, wherein said positive electrode is plural, plural of said positive electrodes being connected in series;
and/or the negative electrode is provided with a plurality of negative electrodes which are connected in series.
9. A heating mat according to claim 1, further comprising a controller electrically connected to the electrode layer and a wireless communicator for receiving control commands and transmitting said control commands to said controller, said controller controlling the heating of said heating membrane in accordance with said control commands.
10. The utility model provides a heating pad which characterized in that, includes protective layer, heating film and the insulating layer that stacks gradually, the heating film includes:
a first insulating layer;
a first electrode layer formed on a surface of the first insulating layer, the first electrode layer including a positive electrode, the positive electrode including a positive electrode bus bar and a plurality of positive internal electrodes extending from the positive electrode bus bar,
the conducting layer is formed on the surface of the first electrode layer and is electrically connected with the first electrode layer;
the second electrode layer is formed on the surface of the conducting layer and is electrically connected with the conducting layer, the second electrode layer comprises a negative electrode, the negative electrode comprises a negative bus bar and a plurality of negative internal electrodes extending from the negative bus bar, and the projections of the positive internal electrodes and the negative internal electrodes on the conducting layer are alternately arranged and are mutually spaced; and
the second insulating layer is formed on the surface of the second electrode layer;
the heating pad further comprises a connecting wire electrically connected with the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of the heating film; and
the power supply device is electrically connected with the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer of the heating film through the connecting wire;
the conducting layer, the first electrode layer, the second electrode layer and the power supply device satisfy the following formula:
T＝kU2/d2r + T, wherein T is the initial temperature of the heating film, T is the final temperature of the heating film, U is the power supply voltage of the power supply device, U is not more than 12V, d is the projection distance between the adjacent positive electrode inner electrode and the negative electrode inner electrode on the conductive layer, R is the square resistance of the conductive layer, and k is a constant taken from 10-200.
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| CN108738176A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2018-11-02 | 青岛市琴岛电器有限公司 | Graphene automobile heating cushion |
| CN108066895A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-25 | 广州烯旺智能科技有限公司 | Graphene physiotherapy assembly and physiotherapy energy cabin |
| CN109699094B (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2022-01-28 | 佛山市丰晴科技有限公司 | Flexible graphene electrothermal film and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN112804775A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-05-14 | 安徽宇航派蒙健康科技股份有限公司 | Method for preparing electrothermal film by adopting transparent graphene |
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| JP2008041298A (en) * | 2006-08-02 | 2008-02-21 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Flexible ptc heating body |
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Address after: 518000 Guangdong city of Shenzhen province Nanshan District Guangdong streets south park of Shenzhen Research Institute of Tsinghua University, A304-2 Applicant after: GRAHOPE NEW MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES Inc. Address before: 518000 Guangdong city of Shenzhen province Nanshan District Guangdong streets south park of Shenzhen Research Institute of Tsinghua University, A304-2 Applicant before: Shenzhen Grahope New Materials Technologies Inc. |
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