CN204762419U - Extensive device of planting low undershrub and collecting its flowers and fruits - Google Patents
Extensive device of planting low undershrub and collecting its flowers and fruits Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种大规模种植低小灌木及收集其花果的装置,涉及一种农业种植及收集装置,包括供水系统、喷淋系统、种植容器、种植台、安装有排水管的水池。供水系统通过高压软管与喷淋系统的喷头相连,喷淋系统的喷头位于种植容器的上方。该种植容器上还安装有倾斜驱动装置,种植容器可倾斜转动安装在种植台上,种植台置于水池上,水池在排水管处安装有花果叶收集过滤网。本实用新型可以实现种植及收集作用,大幅度提高了其收集效率,使得花香不容易散失,为后续的加工赢得更多的时间,成本低,操作和维修方便,可保证采摘花果的质量,其适用范围广、易于推广使用。
A device for planting low and small shrubs on a large scale and collecting their flowers and fruits relates to an agricultural planting and collecting device, including a water supply system, a spray system, a planting container, a planting table, and a pool equipped with drainage pipes. The water supply system is connected to the sprinkler head of the sprinkler system through a high-pressure hose, and the sprinkler head of the sprinkler system is located above the planting container. The planting container is also equipped with a tilting drive device, the planting container can be tilted and rotated and installed on the planting table, the planting table is placed on the water pool, and the water pool is equipped with a filter screen for collecting flowers, fruits and leaves at the drainage pipe. The utility model can realize the functions of planting and collection, greatly improves its collection efficiency, makes the fragrance of flowers not easy to lose, wins more time for subsequent processing, is low in cost, convenient in operation and maintenance, and can ensure the quality of picked flowers and fruits. It has a wide application range and is easy to popularize and use.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本实用新型涉及一种农业种植及收集装置,特别是一种大规模种植低小灌木及收集其花果的装置。 The utility model relates to an agricultural planting and collecting device, in particular to a device for large-scale planting of low and small shrubs and collecting their flowers and fruits.
背景技术 Background technique
在我国的农业种植中,低小灌木如茉莉等是广受欢迎的植物,其花主要用于提取香精及制成花茶。据有关资料显示,某县被茶业界和新闻界誉为“中国茉莉花之都”,是全国最大的茉莉花生产和花茶加工基地,茉莉花常年种植面积超过10万亩,2011年,该县拥有花茶加工企业180多家,年加工茉莉花茶5万多吨,茉莉花产量和花茶产量均占全国的80%以上,占世界总量的60%。在自然条件和正常温度(32-37℃)下,茉莉花吐香持续时间一般为24小时,临近花期,如果不及时处理,就会让花香浪费掉。所以,及时采摘茉莉花是种植户首先要面对的问题。目前,茉莉花的采摘只是靠人工,由人弯腰在花田中一朵一朵地采摘。茉莉花开放的季节,正是某县一年中天气最热的几个月,花农必须顶着烈日,在花田里连续站上几个小时,青壮年不愿意从事此项工作。并且人力成本不断攀升,使得花茶的总成本受到人力成本的影响不断增加,近年来,由于花茶市场售价过低,人工贵,花农宁愿丟荒花田也不愿意采摘,这必然制约花茶的大规模种植,降低了花茶的市场占有率。 In my country's agricultural planting, low shrubs such as jasmine are popular plants, and their flowers are mainly used to extract essence and make scented tea. According to relevant data, a certain county is hailed as the "Jasmine Capital of China" by the tea industry and the press. It is the largest jasmine production and scented tea processing base in the country. The annual planting area of jasmine exceeds 100,000 mu. More than 180 enterprises process more than 50,000 tons of jasmine tea annually. The output of jasmine and scented tea both account for more than 80% of the country's total and 60% of the world's total. Under natural conditions and normal temperature (32-37°C), the fragrance of jasmine generally lasts for 24 hours. It is approaching the flowering period. If it is not treated in time, the fragrance of the flower will be wasted. Therefore, picking jasmine in time is the first problem that growers have to face. At present, the picking of jasmine is only done manually, and people bend down to pick one by one in the flower field. The season of jasmine blossoms is the hottest months of the year in a certain county. Flower farmers have to stand in the flower fields for several hours under the scorching sun. Young and middle-aged people are unwilling to do this work. In addition, labor costs continue to rise, making the total cost of scented teas increasingly affected by labor costs. In recent years, due to the low price of scented teas in the market and high labor costs, flower farmers would rather abandon flower fields than pick them. This will inevitably restrict the large-scale production of scented teas. planting, reducing the market share of scented tea.
我国目前对于低小灌木的花果其自动化采摘方式多采用单株气吸,这种方式不仅效率低,而且对花果的形状有一定要求。日本有高架栽培草莓等种植方式,然后配备复杂的采收设备如视觉识别系统,我国的申请号201110108181.6《高架栽培果实智能采收设备及采收方法》也公开了类似的设备。这些设备结构复杂、投资成本巨大,后续维护不容易,不易推广应用。申请号为201410031524.7的专利申请是用高速气流吹落成熟的枸杞,这种方法的局限在于气流易被树枝或叶阻挡,效果和震动树干让花、果落下的方式相似,落到硬质表面易使果实或花破损;而且该高速气流吹落果实的方式对树干的形状有要求,也不适合于低于1米以下的低小灌木植物。 At present, the automatic picking method of flowers and fruits of low and small shrubs in my country mostly adopts single-plant air suction. This method is not only inefficient, but also has certain requirements for the shape of flowers and fruits. Japan has planting methods such as elevated cultivation of strawberries, and then is equipped with complex harvesting equipment such as a visual recognition system. my country's application number 201110108181.6 "Elevated Cultivation Fruit Intelligent Harvesting Equipment and Harvesting Method" also discloses similar equipment. These devices have complex structures, huge investment costs, difficult follow-up maintenance, and difficult promotion and application. The patent application with application number 201410031524.7 uses high-speed airflow to blow down mature wolfberries. The limitation of this method is that the airflow is easily blocked by branches or leaves. The effect is similar to that of shaking the trunk to make flowers and fruits fall. Make fruit or flower damage; And the mode that this high-speed airflow blows down fruit has requirement to the shape of trunk, also is not suitable for the low shrub plant below 1 meter.
实用新型内容 Utility model content
本实用新型要解决的技术问题是:提供一种收集效率高、成本低、操作方便的大规模种植低小灌木及收集其花果的装置。 The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a device for large-scale planting of low and small shrubs and collecting their flowers and fruits with high collection efficiency, low cost and convenient operation.
解决上述技术问题的技术方案是:一种大规模种植低小灌木及收集其花果的装置,包括供水系统、喷淋系统、种植容器、种植台、安装有排水管的水池,所述的供水系统通过高压软管与喷淋系统的喷头相连;喷淋系统的喷头位于种植容器的上方,所述的种植容器可倾斜转动安装在种植台上,该种植容器上还安装有倾斜驱动装置;所述的种植台置于水池上,水池在排水管处安装有花果叶收集过滤网。 The technical solution for solving the above-mentioned technical problems is: a device for planting low and small shrubs on a large scale and collecting their flowers and fruits, including a water supply system, a spray system, a planting container, a planting platform, and a pool equipped with drainage pipes. The system is connected with the sprinkler head of the sprinkler system through a high-pressure hose; the sprinkler head of the sprinkler system is located above the planting container, and the planting container can be tilted and rotated to be installed on the planting table, and the planting container is also equipped with a tilting drive device; The planting platform described above is placed on the pool, and the pool is equipped with a filter screen for collecting flowers, fruits and leaves at the drain pipe.
本实用新型的进一步技术方案是:所述的种植容器为长半圆形容器,该长半圆形容器的底部设有至少两组用于使种植容器倾斜转动的托轮,所述的托轮安装在种植台上。 A further technical solution of the present invention is: the planting container is a long semicircular container, the bottom of the long semicircular container is provided with at least two sets of supporting wheels for tilting and rotating the planting container, and the supporting wheels Installed on the planting platform.
本实用新型的进一步技术方案是:所述的倾斜驱动装置包括两根两端封闭的平衡管,该两根平衡管分别设置在种植容器的两边缘,平衡管上分别设置有注水孔和出水孔。 The further technical solution of the utility model is: the tilting drive device includes two balance pipes with closed ends, the two balance pipes are respectively arranged on the two edges of the planting container, and the balance pipes are respectively provided with water injection holes and water outlet holes .
本实用新型的进一步技术方案是:所述的喷淋系统包括行车轨道、机械臂、所述的喷头,所述机械臂的顶部与行车轨道滚动配合,机械臂的底部与喷头通过销轴铰接。 A further technical solution of the utility model is: the spraying system includes a driving track, a mechanical arm, and the spray head, the top of the mechanical arm is rollingly matched with the driving track, and the bottom of the mechanical arm is hinged with the spray head through a pin.
本实用新型的再进一步技术方案是:所述的机械臂为二关节机械臂,该机械臂包括行车轮、行车驱动装置、支撑台、臂体、液压缸、传动齿轮组、传动齿轮驱动装置、液压缸动力装置;其中: A further technical solution of the utility model is: the mechanical arm is a two-joint mechanical arm, and the mechanical arm includes a traveling wheel, a traveling driving device, a support platform, an arm body, a hydraulic cylinder, a transmission gear set, a transmission gear driving device, Hydraulic cylinder power unit; of which:
所述的行车驱动装置安装在支撑台的顶部,该行车驱动装置的输出轴与行车轮单边连接,行车轮与行车轨道滚动配合;所述的液压缸动力装置、传动齿轮驱动装置依次连接在支撑台的底部,传动齿轮驱动装置的外壳顶部有输入齿轮和液压缸动力装置底部的输出齿轮内啮合,传动齿轮驱动装置的输出轴与传动齿轮组的输入轴连接,传动齿轮组的输出轴与臂体的上端铰接,臂体的下端通过销轴与喷头连接;所述的液压缸动力装置通过油管与液压缸连接,液压缸的活塞架安装在喷头上,液压缸的液压缸架安装在臂体上。 The driving device is installed on the top of the supporting platform, the output shaft of the driving device is connected to the driving wheel unilaterally, and the driving wheel is rollingly matched with the driving track; the hydraulic cylinder power device and the transmission gear driving device are connected in sequence At the bottom of the support table, the input gear on the top of the casing of the transmission gear drive device is internally meshed with the output gear at the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder power device. The output shaft of the transmission gear drive device is connected to the input shaft of the transmission gear set, and the output shaft of the transmission gear set is connected to the The upper end of the arm body is hinged, and the lower end of the arm body is connected to the nozzle through a pin shaft; the hydraulic cylinder power device is connected to the hydraulic cylinder through an oil pipe, the piston frame of the hydraulic cylinder is installed on the nozzle, and the hydraulic cylinder frame of the hydraulic cylinder is installed on the arm. physically.
本实用新型的再进一步技术方案是:所述的机械臂还包括大滑环道,该大滑环道位于支撑台外,大滑环道上套有大滑环,大滑环道通过连接件固定在支撑台上;所述的大滑环通过弹簧件、连接环与所述的高压软管相连。 A further technical solution of the utility model is: the mechanical arm also includes a large slip ring road, the large slip ring road is located outside the support platform, a large slip ring is set on the large slip ring road, and the large slip ring road is fixed by a connecting piece On the supporting platform; the large slip ring is connected with the high-pressure hose through a spring member and a connecting ring.
本实用新型的再进一步技术方案是:所述的供水系统包括储水罐、水泵、输送水管,所述的水泵输入端与储水罐的输出端相连,水泵的输出端与输送水管相连,输送水管通过所述的高压软管与喷淋系统的喷头相连通。 The further technical scheme of the utility model is: the water supply system includes a water storage tank, a water pump, and a water delivery pipe, the input end of the water pump is connected with the output end of the water storage tank, and the output end of the water pump is connected with the water delivery pipe. The water pipe communicates with the sprinkler head of the sprinkler system through the high-pressure hose.
本实用新型的更进一步技术方案是:该装置还包括有PLC控制系统,所述水泵、行车驱动装置、传动齿轮驱动装置、液压缸动力装置的输入端分别与PLC控制系统的输出端连接。 A further technical solution of the utility model is: the device also includes a PLC control system, and the input ends of the water pump, driving device, transmission gear driving device, and hydraulic cylinder power device are respectively connected to the output ends of the PLC control system.
本实用新型的更进一步技术方案是:所述的种植台在种植容器的下方安装有与种植容器倾斜后的最低点相接触的接触按钮,该接触按钮的输出端与PLC控制系统的输入端连接。 A further technical solution of the present utility model is: the planting platform is provided with a contact button under the planting container which is in contact with the lowest point of the planting container after tilting, and the output end of the contact button is connected to the input end of the PLC control system .
本实用新型的更进一步技术方案是:该装置置于温室大棚内,所述的温室大棚还设置有用于维持室内温度或供电的太阳能系统。 A further technical solution of the utility model is: the device is placed in a greenhouse, and the greenhouse is also provided with a solar system for maintaining indoor temperature or supplying power.
由于采用上述结构,本实用新型之大规模种植低小灌木及收集其花果的装置与现有技术相比,具有以下有益效果: Due to the adoption of the above structure, compared with the prior art, the device for planting low shrubs on a large scale and collecting their flowers and fruits of the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
1.可实现种植及收集作用: 1. It can realize the functions of planting and collection:
由于本实用新型包括供水系统、喷淋系统、种植容器、种植台、水池,其中供水系统通过高压软管与喷淋系统的喷头相连;喷淋系统的喷头位于种植容器的上方,种植容器可倾斜转动安装在种植台上,且种植容器上还安装有倾斜驱动装置;所述的种植台置于水池上,水池在排水管处安装有花果叶收集过滤网。因此,供水系统输出的水通过喷淋系统浇在种植容器内的低小灌木上,在种植时起到灌溉、喷药作用;在收获时,通过倾斜驱动装置驱动种植容器倾斜转动,使种植容器处于倾斜状态,此时,通过从喷淋系统的喷头喷出的高压水,可将低小灌木的花果打落到水池中,被打落的花果漂流至排水管的花果叶收集过滤网处,即可对其进行收集及筛分处理。因此,本实用新型可以实现种植及收集作用。 Since the utility model includes a water supply system, a spray system, a planting container, a planting platform, and a pool, the water supply system is connected to the nozzle of the spray system through a high-pressure hose; the nozzle of the spray system is located above the planting container, and the planting container can be tilted. The planting platform is rotated and installed, and the planting container is also equipped with a tilting drive device; the planting platform is placed on the pool, and the water pool is equipped with a filter screen for collecting flowers, fruits and leaves at the drain pipe. Therefore, the water output by the water supply system is poured on the low shrubs in the planting container through the sprinkler system, which plays the role of irrigation and spraying during planting; when harvesting, the planting container is driven to tilt and rotate through the tilting drive device, so that the planting container In the inclined state, at this time, through the high-pressure water sprayed from the nozzle of the sprinkler system, the flowers and fruits of low shrubs can be knocked down into the pool, and the fallen flowers and fruits float to the drainpipe for collection and filtration At the net, it can be collected and screened. Therefore, the utility model can realize the effects of planting and collecting.
2.收集效率高: 2. High collection efficiency:
本实用新型针对低小灌木、草本植物需要的土壤较少、自身重量轻的特征,把它们种植在水池上方的种植容器中。再利用花、花蕾、果实、绿叶、黄叶被水打落所需要的压力不一样的特点,花、果在成熟以后极易脱落,收获期到时,往水池里注水,通过从喷淋系统的喷头喷出经精确调节的高压水流把需要采收的花、果、叶打落到水池中,被打落的花、果、叶漂流至排水管的花果叶收集过滤网处,即可对其进行收集及筛分处理。因此,本实用新型的采摘速度快,无需单株逐棵收集,大幅度提高了其收集效率,使得花香不容易散失,为后续的加工赢得更多的时间。 The utility model aims at the characteristics that low and small shrubs and herbaceous plants need less soil and are light in weight, and plants them in the planting container above the pool. Reusing the characteristics of different pressure required for flowers, flower buds, fruits, green leaves, and yellow leaves to be knocked down by water, flowers and fruits are easy to fall off after they are mature. The nozzle sprays out the precisely adjusted high-pressure water flow to knock down the flowers, fruits and leaves that need to be harvested into the pool. It is collected and screened. Therefore, the utility model has a fast picking speed, does not need to collect individual plants one by one, greatly improves its collection efficiency, makes the fragrance of flowers not easy to lose, and wins more time for subsequent processing.
3.成本低: 3. Low cost:
由于本装置能模拟人工采摘花果,可节约大量人力,避免了人力采摘的繁琐,降低了人工成本。同时,本实用新型中改变种植容器的转动方向也没有采用常用的液压、齿轮、蜗轮等倾斜驱动装置,而是模仿潜水艇下沉时加水的原理,利用两根两端封闭的平衡管,平衡管上分别设置有注水孔和出水孔,其中注有水的一边平衡管则下沉,从而使种植容器朝该方向转动,这种方法较其他方法更能节约投资,降低成本,从而赢得更多市场份额。 Since the device can simulate manual picking of flowers and fruits, a large amount of manpower can be saved, the tediousness of manpower picking can be avoided, and the labor cost can be reduced. Simultaneously, in the utility model, changing the rotation direction of the planting container does not adopt commonly used hydraulic pressure, gears, worm gears and other inclined driving devices, but imitates the principle of adding water when the submarine sinks, and uses two balance tubes with closed ends to balance The pipes are respectively provided with water injection holes and water outlet holes, and the balance pipe on the side filled with water sinks, so that the planting container turns in this direction. Compared with other methods, this method can save investment and reduce costs, thereby winning more market share.
4.操作和维修方便: 4. Easy operation and maintenance:
本装置所用的设备简单安全,不需要特别培训,也没有太多的非标件,操作和维修方便。而且由于本实用新型的喷淋系统顶部通过行车轮与行车轨道滚动配合,使整个机械臂可沿行车轨道滚动到需要喷淋的地方;另外,由于传动齿轮驱动装置的输入齿轮与液压缸动力装置的输出齿轮通过齿轮内啮合形式连接,因此,通过油泵带动输出齿轮转动,可带动传动齿轮驱动装置的输入齿轮、外壳、变频电机与电机齿轮绕支撑台的垂直中轴线作水平旋转运动,从而可带动臂体作水平旋转运动;此外,本实用新型的喷淋系统还在支撑台外设有大滑环道,大滑环道上套有大滑环,大滑环道的前方形成自由的半环形轨道;大滑环通过弹簧件、连接环与高压软管相连。通过该大滑环道、大滑环可使高压软管根据实际需要沿着大滑环道前方的自由环形轨道改变方向对植物进行喷淋。因此,本实用新型的操作比较方便,可自由地按需要喷淋的方向调整喷淋角度。 The equipment used in this device is simple and safe, does not require special training, does not have too many non-standard parts, and is easy to operate and maintain. And because the top of the sprinkler system of the present utility model rolls and cooperates with the driving track through the driving wheels, the whole mechanical arm can roll along the driving track to the place that needs to be sprayed; in addition, because the input gear of the transmission gear drive device and the hydraulic cylinder power The output gear is connected through the gear internal meshing form. Therefore, the oil pump drives the output gear to rotate, which can drive the input gear, casing, frequency conversion motor and motor gear of the transmission gear drive device to perform horizontal rotation around the vertical central axis of the support table. Drive the arm body to rotate horizontally; in addition, the spray system of the present invention is also equipped with a large slip ring outside the support platform, a large slip ring is set on the large slip ring, and a free semi-circular shape is formed in front of the large slip ring The track; the large slip ring is connected with the high-pressure hose through the spring element and the connecting ring. Through the large slip ring road and the large slip ring, the high-pressure hose can change direction along the free circular track in front of the large slip ring road to spray plants according to actual needs. Therefore, the operation of the utility model is relatively convenient, and the spraying angle can be adjusted freely according to the spraying direction required.
5.可保证采摘花果的质量: 5. Can guarantee the quality of picked flowers and fruits:
由于本实用新型是通过采用高压水将花果打落至水池中,避免了高速气流将成花果吹落到硬质表面上易使果实或花破损,从而保证了采摘花果的质量。 Because the utility model uses high-pressure water to drop the flowers and fruits into the pool, it avoids the high-speed air flow blowing the flowers and fruits onto the hard surface and easily damaging the fruits or flowers, thereby ensuring the quality of the flowers and fruits picked.
6.控制精确,自动化程度高: 6. Precise control and high degree of automation:
本实用新型还包括有PLC控制系统,通过该PLC控制系统可精确控制水泵、行车驱动装置、传动齿轮驱动装置、液压缸动力装置的开停时间、转动速度以及各种阀体的开启度,其控制精确,自动化程度高。 The utility model also includes a PLC control system, through which the PLC control system can accurately control the start and stop time, rotation speed and opening degree of various valve bodies of the water pump, the driving device, the transmission gear driving device, and the hydraulic cylinder power device. Precise control and high degree of automation.
7.可一物多用: 7. Can be multi-purpose:
在本装置中,水既可以打落花果,又可以作为改变种植容器旋转方向的动力源,其平时起灌溉、喷药作用,收获季节起到收集、运输的作用,一物多用,并且可循环使用。 In this device, water can not only knock down flowers and fruits, but also be used as a power source to change the rotation direction of the planting container. It usually plays the role of irrigation and spraying, and plays the role of collection and transportation in the harvest season. One thing is multi-purpose and can be recycled. use.
8.适用范围广: 8. Wide range of applications:
本装置适用于只需要少量土壤即可种植、自身重量轻、枝条对果实或花吸附力不强的低小灌木、草本植物,如菊花、辣椒、草莓等,其应用广泛。而且本实用新型还可以安装在太阳能温室大棚中,可以不受到自然气温的限制,按市场需求调节种植期,种植范围不再局限于某个地方。 The device is suitable for low shrubs and herbaceous plants, such as chrysanthemums, peppers, strawberries, etc., which can be planted with only a small amount of soil, are light in weight, and have weak branches to fruits or flowers, and are widely used. And the utility model can also be installed in the solar greenhouse, can not be limited by the natural temperature, adjust the planting period according to the market demand, and the planting range is no longer limited to a certain place.
9.易于推广使用: 9. Easy to promote and use:
本装置投资成本低,工人不必在夏日露天工作,改善了工作条件,易于形成大规模工厂化生产。 The investment cost of the device is low, workers do not have to work in the open air in summer, the working conditions are improved, and large-scale factory production is easy to form.
下面,结合附图和实施例对本实用新型之大规模种植低小灌木及收集其花果的装置的技术特征作进一步的说明。 Below, the technical characteristics of the device for planting low shrubs on a large scale and collecting their flowers and fruits of the utility model will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1:本实用新型之大规模种植低小灌木及收集其花果的装置的结构示意图; Fig. 1: The structure schematic diagram of the device of large-scale planting low shrubs and collecting its flowers and fruits of the utility model;
图2:实施例一所述机械臂的结构示意图, Fig. 2: Schematic diagram of the structure of the mechanical arm described in Embodiment 1,
图3:实施例一所述采用机械臂进行喷淋的状态图之一, Figure 3: One of the state diagrams of using a robotic arm for spraying according to Embodiment 1,
图4:实施例一所述采用机械臂进行喷淋的状态图之二, Figure 4: The second state diagram of using the robotic arm for spraying according to the first embodiment,
图5:实施例一所述采用机械臂进行喷淋的状态图之三, Figure 5: The third state diagram of spraying with the robotic arm described in the first embodiment,
图6:实施例二所述采用机械臂进行喷淋的状态图之一, Figure 6: One of the state diagrams of spraying with a robotic arm described in Embodiment 2,
图7:实施例二所述采用机械臂进行喷淋的状态图之二。 Fig. 7: The second state diagram of using the robotic arm for spraying described in the second embodiment.
在上述附图中,各标号的说明如下: In the above-mentioned accompanying drawings, the description of each label is as follows:
1-供水系统,101-储水罐,102-水泵,103-输送水管,104-高压软管,105-滑杆, 1-water supply system, 101-water storage tank, 102-water pump, 103-water delivery pipe, 104-high pressure hose, 105-sliding rod,
2-喷淋系统,201-行车轨道,202-机械臂,2021-行车轮, 2- sprinkler system, 201- driving track, 202- mechanical arm, 2021- driving wheel,
2022-行车驱动装置,20221-电动机,20222-控制箱,20223-保护罩, 2022-driving device, 20221-electric motor, 20222-control box, 20223-protective cover,
2023-支撑台,2024-臂体,2025-液压缸,20251-活塞架,20252-液压缸架, 2023-support table, 2024-arm body, 2025-hydraulic cylinder, 20251-piston frame, 20252-hydraulic cylinder frame,
2026-传动齿轮组,20261-齿轮A,20262-齿轮B, 2026-transmission gear set, 20261-gear A, 20262-gear B,
2027-传动齿轮驱动装置,2028-液压缸动力装置, 2027-transmission gear drive unit, 2028-hydraulic cylinder power unit,
2029-大滑环道,20291-大滑环,20292-弹簧件, 2029-big slip ring road, 20291-big slip ring, 20292-spring parts,
203-喷头,204-销轴, 203-nozzle, 204-pin shaft,
3-种植容器,301-托轮,302-平衡管,4-种植台, 3-planting container, 301-supporting wheel, 302-balance tube, 4-planting table,
5-水池,501-排水管,6-接触按钮,7-温室大棚,8-太阳能系统。 5-pool, 501-drain pipe, 6-contact button, 7-greenhouse, 8-solar system.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
实施例一:Embodiment one:
一种大规模种植低小灌木及收集其花果的装置,包括供水系统1、喷淋系统2、种植容器3、种植台4、安装有排水管501的水池5、PLC控制系统,所述的供水系统1通过高压软管104与喷淋系统2的喷头203相连;喷淋系统2的喷头位于种植容器3的上方,所述的种植容器3可倾斜转动安装在种植台4上,该种植容器3上还安装有倾斜驱动装置;所述的种植台4置于水池5上,水池5在排水管501处安装有花果叶收集过滤网。本装置置于温室大棚7内,温室大棚7还设置有用于维持室内温度或供电的太阳能系统8。其中: A device for planting low and small shrubs and collecting their flowers and fruits on a large scale, including a water supply system 1, a spray system 2, a planting container 3, a planting platform 4, a pool 5 with a drainage pipe 501, and a PLC control system. The water supply system 1 is connected to the sprinkler head 203 of the sprinkler system 2 through a high-pressure hose 104; the sprinkler head of the sprinkler system 2 is located above the planting container 3, and the planting container 3 can be tilted and rotated to be installed on the planting table 4. The planting container 3 is also equipped with a tilting drive device; the planting platform 4 is placed on the pool 5, and the pool 5 is equipped with a filter screen for collecting flowers, fruits and leaves at the drain pipe 501. The device is placed in the greenhouse 7, and the greenhouse 7 is also provided with a solar system 8 for maintaining indoor temperature or supplying power. in:
所述的供水系统1包括储水罐101、水泵102、输送水管103,所述的储水罐101是一个圆柱型罐体,所述的水泵102输入端与储水罐101的输出端相连,水泵102的输出端与输送水管103相连,输送水管103上设有至少3个减压阀和至少有4个控制阀,该输送水管103与高压软管104连接,该高压软管104挂在滑杆105上,滑杆105上设置有可以滑动的滑环,滑环下连接有弹性件,弹性件下连有扣环,扣环与高压软管104连接,高压软管104与喷淋系统2的喷头203相连通; The water supply system 1 includes a water storage tank 101, a water pump 102, and a water delivery pipe 103. The water storage tank 101 is a cylindrical tank, and the input end of the water pump 102 is connected to the output end of the water storage tank 101. The output end of the water pump 102 is connected to the water delivery pipe 103, and the water delivery pipe 103 is provided with at least 3 pressure reducing valves and at least 4 control valves. The water delivery pipe 103 is connected to a high-pressure hose 104, which is hung on a slide On the rod 105, the slide rod 105 is provided with a slip ring that can slide, the elastic part is connected under the slip ring, the buckle is connected under the elastic part, the buckle is connected with the high-pressure hose 104, and the high-pressure hose 104 is connected with the spray system 2 The nozzles 203 are connected;
所述的喷淋系统2包括行车轨道201、机械臂、喷头203,所述的行车轨道201的轨道路线为“U”型; The sprinkler system 2 includes a driving track 201, a mechanical arm, and a sprinkler 203, and the track route of the driving track 201 is a "U" shape;
所述的机械臂为二关节机械臂,该机械臂包括行车轮2021、行车驱动装置2022、支撑台2023、臂体2024、液压缸2025、传动齿轮组2026、传动齿轮驱动装置2027、液压缸动力装置2028;其中: The mechanical arm is a two-joint mechanical arm, and the mechanical arm includes a traveling wheel 2021, a traveling driving device 2022, a supporting platform 2023, an arm body 2024, a hydraulic cylinder 2025, a transmission gear set 2026, a transmission gear driving device 2027, and a hydraulic cylinder power Device 2028; where:
所述的行车驱动装置2022安装在支撑台2023的顶部,该行车驱动装置2022包括电动机20221、控制箱20222、保护罩20223以及位于保护罩内的传动轮组,所述的控制箱20222与电动机20221连接,电动机20221的输出轴与传动轮组连接,传动轮组的输出轴与行车轮2021单边连接,行车轮2021与行车轨道201滚动配合,通过行车驱动装置2022可带动整个机械臂沿着行车轨道201滚动; The driving drive device 2022 is installed on the top of the support platform 2023, and the driving device 2022 includes a motor 20221, a control box 20222, a protective cover 20223 and a transmission wheel set located in the protective cover. The control box 20222 and the motor 20221 connection, the output shaft of the motor 20221 is connected to the driving wheel set, the output shaft of the driving wheel set is connected to the driving wheel 2021 unilaterally, and the driving wheel 2021 is rollingly matched with the driving track 201, and the driving device 2022 can drive the entire mechanical arm along the driving track 201 rolling;
所述的液压缸动力装置2028、传动齿轮驱动装置2027依次连接在支撑台2023的底部;液压缸动力装置2028包括壳体、两组位于壳体内且连接在一起的油泵、油箱,壳体底部安装有与其中一组油泵连接的输出齿轮;传动齿轮驱动装置2027包括外壳、位于外壳上部的输入齿轮、位于外壳内的一个变频电机、连接在变频电机输出轴上的一对电机齿轮,电机齿轮的输出轴与传动齿轮组2026的输入轴连接;所述传动齿轮驱动装置2027的输入齿轮与液压缸动力装置2028的输出齿轮通过齿轮内啮合形式连接,通过油泵带动输出齿轮转动,可带动传动齿轮驱动装置2027的输入齿轮、外壳、变频电机与电机齿轮绕支撑台2023的垂直中轴线作水平旋转运动,从而可带动臂体作水平旋转运动; The hydraulic cylinder power unit 2028 and the transmission gear drive unit 2027 are sequentially connected to the bottom of the support platform 2023; the hydraulic cylinder power unit 2028 includes a housing, two groups of oil pumps and oil tanks located in the housing and connected together, and the bottom of the housing is installed There is an output gear connected with one group of oil pumps; the transmission gear driving device 2027 includes a casing, an input gear positioned on the upper part of the casing, a variable frequency motor positioned in the casing, a pair of motor gears connected to the output shaft of the variable frequency motor, and the motor gear The output shaft is connected to the input shaft of the transmission gear set 2026; the input gear of the transmission gear drive unit 2027 is connected to the output gear of the hydraulic cylinder power unit 2028 through gear internal meshing, and the oil pump drives the output gear to rotate, which can drive the transmission gear to drive The input gear, casing, variable frequency motor and motor gear of the device 2027 perform horizontal rotation around the vertical central axis of the support platform 2023, thereby driving the arm body to perform horizontal rotation;
所述的传动齿轮组2026包括外啮合在一起的齿轮A20261和齿轮B20262,齿轮A20261的输入轴作为传动齿轮组2026的输入轴与电机齿轮的输出轴连接,齿轮B20262的输出轴与臂体2024的上端铰接;通过变频电机带动齿轮A20261转动,从而带动齿轮B20262以及臂体2024转动,使臂体可绕着其上端转动,该关节为机械臂的转动关节;臂体2024的下端通过销轴204与喷头203铰接;且臂体2024上安装有液压缸的液压缸架20252,喷头203上安装有液压缸2025的活塞架20251,液压缸2025通过油管与液压缸动力装置2028的另一组油泵连接;通过液压缸的活塞可带动喷头摆动,该关节为机械臂的摆动关节。因此,本装置通过机械臂的转动关节、摆动关节可完全模拟人工喷淋,从而可充分将成熟的花果打落在水池中。 The transmission gear set 2026 includes a gear A20261 and a gear B20262 that are meshed together externally. The input shaft of the gear A20261 is connected to the output shaft of the motor gear as the input shaft of the transmission gear set 2026, and the output shaft of the gear B20262 is connected to the arm body 2024. The upper end is hinged; the gear A20261 is driven to rotate through the frequency conversion motor, thereby driving the gear B20262 and the arm body 2024 to rotate, so that the arm body can rotate around its upper end. The nozzle 203 is hinged; and the hydraulic cylinder frame 20252 of the hydraulic cylinder is installed on the arm body 2024, the piston frame 20251 of the hydraulic cylinder 2025 is installed on the nozzle 203, and the hydraulic cylinder 2025 is connected with another group of oil pumps of the hydraulic cylinder power device 2028 through the oil pipe; The piston of the hydraulic cylinder can drive the nozzle to swing, and this joint is the swing joint of the mechanical arm. Therefore, the device can completely simulate artificial spraying through the rotating joint and the swinging joint of the mechanical arm, so that mature flowers and fruits can be fully knocked down in the pool.
所述的大滑环道2029位于支撑台2023外,该大滑环道2029上套有大滑环20291,大滑环道2029通过三个连接件固定在支撑台2023上。其中两个连接件位于大滑环道2029的两侧,对称布置,还有一个在大滑环道的后方。大滑环道2029的前方形成自由的半环形轨道;所述的大滑环20291通过弹簧件20292、连接环与所述的高压软管104相连;通过该大滑环道2029、大滑环20291可使高压软管根据实际需要沿着大滑环道2029前方的自由半环形轨道改变方向对种植容器中的植物进行喷淋。 The large slip ring track 2029 is located outside the support platform 2023, the large slip ring track 2029 is covered with a large slip ring 20291, and the large slip ring track 2029 is fixed on the support platform 2023 through three connecting pieces. Two of the connectors are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the large slip ring road 2029, and one is behind the large slip ring road. The front of the large slip ring road 2029 forms a free semi-circular track; the large slip ring 20291 is connected to the high-pressure hose 104 through the spring member 20292 and the connecting ring; through the large slip ring road 2029, the large slip ring 20291 The high-pressure hose can be changed according to actual needs along the free semi-circular track in front of the large slip ring road 2029 to spray the plants in the planting container.
所述的种植容器3为长半圆形容器,该长半圆形容器是用大的硬管从中剖切开,盛上土,植物种植在里面,盛土不应过满,需要留出至少五分之一的空间,当收获时,如土质疏松易落,需要覆以尼龙网固定。该长半圆形容器的底部设有至少两组用于使种植容器可倾斜转动一定范围的托轮301,所述的托轮301安装在种植台4上。 The planting container 3 is a long semicircular container, which is cut open with a large hard tube, filled with soil, and plants are planted inside. The soil should not be overfilled, and at least five One-third of the space, when harvesting, if the soil is loose and easy to fall, it needs to be covered with a nylon net to fix it. The bottom of the long semicircular container is provided with at least two sets of supporting wheels 301 for tilting and rotating the planting container within a certain range, and the supporting wheels 301 are installed on the planting platform 4 .
所述的倾斜驱动装置包括两根两端封闭的平衡管302,该两根平衡管302分别平行对称设置在种植容器3的两边缘,平衡管302上分别设置有注水孔和出水孔。平时所述的平衡管可以是空的也可以适量加水使倾斜生长的植株保持竖直向上状态;收获季节,在其中一边的平衡管中注水,使种植容器3因重量增加倾斜向注入水的平衡管的一方,需要倾斜的角度由注入水的多少而定。上述的水池5平时是空的,收获季节灌入一定的水,被打落的花或果或黄叶落到水面上,随水漂流,在水池的排水管处被收集。 The tilting driving device includes two balance tubes 302 with both ends closed. The two balance tubes 302 are respectively arranged parallel and symmetrically on the two edges of the planting container 3 . The balance tubes 302 are respectively provided with water injection holes and water outlet holes. Usually, the balance pipe can be empty and can also be filled with water to keep the plants that are growing obliquely in a vertical upward state; during the harvest season, water can be injected into the balance pipe on one side to make the planting container 3 tilt towards the balance of the water injection due to the increase in weight. On one side of the pipe, the angle to be inclined depends on how much water is injected. Above-mentioned pond 5 is empty at ordinary times, pours into certain water during the harvest season, and the flower or fruit or yellow leaf that is knocked down falls on the water surface, drifts with water, is collected at the drainpipe place of pond.
上述水泵102、行车驱动装置2022的电动机20221和控制箱20222、传动齿轮驱动装置2027的变频电机、液压缸动力装置2028的油泵以及各阀的输入端分别与PLC控制系统的输出端连接;通过PLC控制系统可精确控制水泵、电动机、变频电机、油泵的开停时间、转动速度以及各种阀体的开启度。通过PLC的控制,可在往平衡管内注水使种植容器倾斜的同时,驱动变频电机带动齿轮A20261、齿轮B20262转动,从而使臂体2024绕着其上端向下转动,当臂体向下转动到植物附近上方时,驱动液压缸的活塞伸缩带动喷头摆动,从而可模拟人工喷淋,将成熟的花果打落在水池中(参见图1至图5)。 The motor 20221 and the control box 20222 of the above-mentioned water pump 102, the driving drive device 2022, the variable frequency motor of the transmission gear drive device 2027, the oil pump of the hydraulic cylinder power device 2028 and the input ends of each valve are respectively connected with the output end of the PLC control system; The control system can accurately control the start and stop time, rotation speed and opening degree of various valve bodies of water pumps, electric motors, variable frequency motors and oil pumps. Through the control of PLC, the planting container can be tilted by injecting water into the balance pipe, and at the same time, drive the frequency conversion motor to drive the gear A20261 and the gear B20262 to rotate, so that the arm body 2024 rotates downward around its upper end. When the arm body rotates downward to the plant When it is close to the top, the piston that drives the hydraulic cylinder expands and contracts to drive the nozzle to swing, thereby simulating artificial spraying and knocking mature flowers and fruits into the pool (see Figures 1 to 5).
实施例二:Embodiment two:
一种大规模种植低小灌木及收集其花果的装置,该装置的基本结构同实施例一,所不同之处在于:所述的种植台4在种植容器3的下方安装有与种植容器倾斜后的最低点相接触的接触按钮6,该接触按钮6的输出端与PLC控制系统的输入端连接。 A device for planting low shrubs on a large scale and collecting their flowers and fruits. The basic structure of the device is the same as that of Embodiment 1, the difference is that: the planting platform 4 is installed under the planting container 3 and is inclined with the planting container. The contact button 6 that is in contact with the lowest point after the contact, the output end of the contact button 6 is connected with the input end of the PLC control system.
本实施例二通过PLC控制系统的控制,先往平衡管内注水使种植容器倾斜稳定后,由于种植容器的倾斜端触及接触按钮6,使PLC控制系统发出控制指令,驱动变频电机带动齿轮A20261、齿轮B20262转动,从而使臂体2024绕着其上端向下转动,当臂体向下转动到植物附近上方时,驱动液压缸的活塞伸缩带动喷头摆动,从而可模拟人工喷淋,将成熟的花果打落在水池中(参见图6、图7)。 In the second embodiment, through the control of the PLC control system, water is first poured into the balance pipe to make the planting container tilt stable. Then, because the inclined end of the planting container touches the contact button 6, the PLC control system sends a control command to drive the frequency conversion motor to drive the gear A20261, the gear B20262 rotates, so that the arm body 2024 rotates downward around its upper end. When the arm body rotates downward to the top of the plant, the piston of the hydraulic cylinder is driven to expand and contract to drive the nozzle to swing, thereby simulating artificial spraying and turning mature flowers and fruits Knock down in the pool (see Figure 6, Figure 7).
Claims (10)
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104969794A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-10-14 | 广西科技大学鹿山学院 | Device for planting low under shrubs in large scale and collecting flowers and fruits thereof |
| CN107094544A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-08-29 | 重庆三峡学院 | A kind of cultivation greenhouse of cuttage xylophyta |
| CN109041945A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-21 | 芜湖彰鸿工程技术有限公司 | The greenhouse to be sprayed using robot |
| CN114885674A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-08-12 | 铜陵市优品农业发展有限公司 | Collection device is picked to ripe chrysanthemum that planting chrysanthemum used |
-
2015
- 2015-06-24 CN CN201520440226.3U patent/CN204762419U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104969794A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-10-14 | 广西科技大学鹿山学院 | Device for planting low under shrubs in large scale and collecting flowers and fruits thereof |
| CN104969794B (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2017-08-08 | 广西科技大学鹿山学院 | The low undershrub of large-scale plantation and the device for collecting its flowers and fruits |
| CN107094544A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-08-29 | 重庆三峡学院 | A kind of cultivation greenhouse of cuttage xylophyta |
| CN109041945A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-21 | 芜湖彰鸿工程技术有限公司 | The greenhouse to be sprayed using robot |
| CN114885674A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-08-12 | 铜陵市优品农业发展有限公司 | Collection device is picked to ripe chrysanthemum that planting chrysanthemum used |
| CN114885674B (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2023-03-10 | 铜陵市优品农业发展有限公司 | Collection device is picked to ripe chrysanthemum that planting chrysanthemum used |
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