CN204345612U - 生物质链条锅炉新型炉膛结构 - Google Patents
生物质链条锅炉新型炉膛结构 Download PDFInfo
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- CN204345612U CN204345612U CN201420839698.1U CN201420839698U CN204345612U CN 204345612 U CN204345612 U CN 204345612U CN 201420839698 U CN201420839698 U CN 201420839698U CN 204345612 U CN204345612 U CN 204345612U
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- Prior art keywords
- arch
- hogging
- combustion chamber
- air port
- living beings
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- 238000002485 combustion reactions Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 280000871617 Vault companies 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound 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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种生物质链条锅炉新型炉膛结构，包括链条炉排，链条炉排的上方从前至后依次设有前拱、中拱和后拱，中拱由竖向的折焰墙构成，后拱包括竖向的花墙和设置在花墙底部后侧的前后横向延伸的横向墙，前拱和中拱之间以及中拱与后拱之间均分别设有拱顶，前拱和中拱之间设有第一燃烧室，中拱和后拱之间设有第二燃烧室，后拱的后侧设有竖向的后炉墙，花墙、横向墙以及后炉墙三者围设成第三燃烧室，本实用新型是一种能有效使炉膛与链条炉排配合，组织炉内空气动力场，提高燃烧效率，缓解生物质燃烧过程中积灰结渣问题的生物质链条锅炉新型炉膛结构。
Description
技术领域
[0001] 本实用新型属于生物质燃烧炉领域，尤其涉及一种生物质链条锅炉新型炉膛结构。
背景技术
[0002] 生物质能是可再生能源，在能源日益短缺的今天，开发利用生物质能具有重大的能源战略意义。为此，针对生物质燃料的燃烧特点，研究开发生物质锅炉，是有效利用生物质资源的重要途径。炉膛是锅炉的主要组成部分，是由炉墙包围起来供燃料燃烧的立体空间。炉膛的作用是保证燃料尽可能地燃烧，并使炉膛出口烟气温度冷却到安全工作允许的温度。目前生产应用的大部分生物质锅炉，其炉膛结构盲目模仿燃煤锅炉设计，没有合理的形状和尺寸，导致积灰结渣问题严重，燃烧效率低。
实用新型内容
[0003] 本实用新型的目的是提供一种能有效使炉膛与链条炉排配合，组织炉内空气动力场，提高燃烧效率，缓解生物质燃烧过程中积灰结渣问题的生物质链条锅炉新型炉膛结构。
[0004] 为实现上述目的，本实用新型采用如下技术方案:生物质链条锅炉新型炉膛结构，包括链条炉排，链条炉排的上方从前至后依次设有前拱、中拱和后拱，中拱由竖向的折焰墙构成，后拱包括竖向的花墙和设置在花墙底部后侧的前后横向延伸的横向墙，前拱和中拱之间以及中拱与后拱之间均分别设有拱顶，前拱和中拱之间设有第一燃烧室，中拱和后拱之间设有第二燃烧室，后拱的后侧设有竖向的后炉墙，花墙、横向墙以及后炉墙三者围设成第三燃烧室，第三燃烧室设置出烟气口，后拱的花墙上设有连通第二燃烧室和第三燃烧室的通气孔，通气孔高于折焰墙的底端；前拱上设有和中拱上均分别设有二次风口，前拱上二次风口和中拱上二次风口为相向设置，前拱上二次风口位于中拱上二次风口的上侧，前拱上二次风口的喷出角度为向下倾斜15° -5°之间，中拱上二次风口的喷出角度为向下倾斜20。-30。之间。
[0005] 前拱上二次风口的喷出角度为向下倾斜10°，中拱上二次风口的喷出角度为向下倾斜25°。
[0006] 所述折焰墙为竖直延伸。
[0007] 花墙和横向墙呈直角拐弯状设置。
[0008] 所述后炉墙上设有与第三燃烧室相连通的清灰口，后炉墙的外侧对应清灰口设置清灰门。
[0009] 第一燃烧室的下侧设有一次风箱。
[0010] 出烟气口位于第三燃烧室顶端。
[0011] 本实用新型所述的生物质链条锅炉新型炉膛结构，具有如下有益效果:
[0012] 1.设计了新型二次风系统:位于前拱的二次风口向下倾斜10°，位于中拱的二次风口向下倾斜25°，可在链条炉排的燃料层上方区域形成近似圆形气流扰动。延长了高温烟气在第一燃烧室的停留时间，同时优化了炉内热力场，提高锅炉稳定燃烧能力和入炉燃料的燃尽程度，使火焰不贴壁、不冲墙、充满度高，壁面热负荷均匀。
[0013] 2.设计了新型炉拱结构:炉膛使用全炉拱设计，中间增加了一道折焰墙作为中拱，后拱由一道横向墙和一道花墙组成。炉拱将炉膛分为三个区域:第一燃烧室、第二燃烧室和第三燃烧室，延长了高温烟气在炉膛内的停留时间，提高燃烧效率。烟气在第二燃烧室内进行一次降尘和二次燃烧，在第三燃烧室内进行二次降尘，提高燃烬率，减少烟尘排放。
[0014] 3.在炉膛尾部——后炉墙设置清灰门。生物质燃料燃烧时，少量灰分由于质量轻会随着高温烟气一起运动，最终沉积在后拱的横向墙上。沉积的灰渣和烟尘可由清灰门定期清除。
[0015] 本实用新型所述的生物质链条锅炉新型炉膛结构，生物质燃料随着链条炉排的运动进入炉膛第一燃烧室。第一燃烧室为主要燃烧区，在一次风和新型二次风系统作用下，燃料大量燃烧，产生的高温烟气绕过折焰墙进入第二燃烧室。第二燃烧室为二次燃烧区，高温烟气中含有的一氧化碳、甲烷等可燃气体以及固体可燃颗粒继续燃烧传热，二次燃烧后的烟气由花墙进入第三燃烧室。烟气在第三燃烧室内进一步降尘和燃烧，再通过出烟气口在引风系统作用下进入烟道。炉膛内积累的烟尘颗粒和灰渣可由清灰门清除。
附图说明
[0016] 图1是本实用新型的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
[0017] 由图1所示的生物质链条锅炉新型炉膛结构，包括链条炉排1，链条炉排I的上方从前至后依次设有前拱3、中拱和后拱。
[0018] 前拱3为从前至后斜向上延伸，前拱3与水平线呈50°夹角，拱高950mm。
[0019] 中拱由竖向的折焰墙7构成，并且折焰墙7为竖直延伸，折焰墙7底部距离链条炉排350mm,与前拱中心线距离1500mm。
[0020] 后拱包括竖直的花墙9和设置在花墙9底部后侧的前后水平的横向墙17，横向墙距离链条炉排450mm,花墙距离中拱中心线550mm,花墙通气孔直径80mm。花墙9和横向墙17呈向后的直角拐弯状设置，即后拱由花墙9和横向墙17构成。
[0021] 前拱3、中拱和后拱均间隔设于链条炉排I上方，链条炉排I上侧为燃料层15。前拱3顶端和中拱顶端之间以及中拱顶端与后拱顶端之间均分别设有拱顶5，并且中拱顶端与后拱顶端之间的拱顶5连接在中拱顶端和后拱花墙9顶端之间，所述拱顶5为水平延伸的隔墙。
[0022] 前拱3和中拱之间设有第一燃烧室4，第一燃烧室4由前拱3、中拱以及前拱3与中拱之间的拱顶5围设而成；中拱和后拱之间设有第二燃烧室8，第二燃烧室8由中拱、后拱的花墙9以及中拱与后拱的花墙9之间的拱顶5围设而成；后拱的后侧设有竖直的后炉墙12，后炉墙12固设于水平的横向墙的后侧，后拱与后炉墙12呈U型状设置，并且花墙9、横向墙以及后炉墙12三者围设成第三燃烧室11，第三燃烧室11为顶端敞口，第三燃烧室11顶端设置出烟气口 13，出烟气口 13即为第三燃烧室11的顶口。出烟气口 13连接烟道，烟道连接引风系统，在引风系统作用下，便于排出烟气，烟道与引风系统均为现有技术，故不详细叙述，并且图中也未示出。
[0023] 后拱的花墙9上设有连通第二燃烧室8和第三燃烧室11的通气孔10，通气孔10高于折焰墙7的底端。
[0024] 第一燃烧室4的下侧设有一次风箱16，一次风箱16可提供一次风，一次风箱16固设在炉体上，并位于链条炉排I的上、下层链条之间，一次风箱16为现有技术，故不详细叙述。
[0025] 前拱3上和中拱上均分别设有二次风口 2，前拱3上二次风口 2和中拱上二次风口2为相向设置，前拱3上二次风口 2指向第一燃烧室4的中下部，中拱上二次风口 2指向第一燃烧室4的中底部，前拱3上二次风口 2位于中拱上二次风口 2的上侧，前拱3上二次风口 2的喷出角度α为向下倾斜10°，即前拱3上二次风口 2的喷出方向与水平线间的夹角为10° ;中拱上二次风口 2的喷出角度β为向下倾斜25°，即中拱上二次风口 2的喷出方向与水平线间的夹角为25°。当然，本实用新型不拘泥于上述形式，前拱3上二次风口 2的喷出角度(喷出方向与水平线的夹角)为向下倾斜15° -5°之间，中拱上二次风口 2的喷出角度(喷出方向与水平线的夹角)为向下倾斜20° -30°之间均可。二次风口 2与二次供风系统连接，二次供风系统为现有技术，故不详细叙述。
[0026] 所述后炉墙12上设有与第三燃烧室11相连通的清灰口，后炉墙12的外侧对应清灰口设置清灰门14。
[0027] 本实用新型所述的生物质链条锅炉新型炉膛结构，生物质燃料随着链条炉排I的运动进入炉膛第一燃烧室4。第一燃烧室4为主要燃烧区，在一次风和新型二次风系统作用下，燃料大量燃烧，产生的高温烟气绕过折焰墙7进入第二燃烧室8。第二燃烧室8为二次燃烧区，高温烟气中含有的一氧化碳、甲烷等可燃气体以及固体可燃颗粒继续燃烧传热，二次燃烧后的烟气由花墙9进入第三燃烧室11。烟气在第三燃烧室11内进一步降尘和燃烧，在引风系统作用下进入烟道。炉膛内积累的烟尘颗粒和灰渣可由清灰门14清除。烟气流向线6先在第一燃烧室4内呈拱形流动，然后绕过折焰墙7的底端进入第二燃烧室8，再通过通气孔10进入第三燃烧室11，整个烟气流向线6呈波浪状。
Claims (7)
1.生物质链条锅炉新型炉膛结构，包括链条炉排，其特征在于:链条炉排的上方从前至后依次设有前拱、中拱和后拱，中拱由竖向的折焰墙构成，后拱包括竖向的花墙和设置在花墙底部后侧的前后横向延伸的横向墙，前拱和中拱之间以及中拱与后拱之间均分别设有拱顶，前拱和中拱之间设有第一燃烧室，中拱和后拱之间设有第二燃烧室，后拱的后侧设有竖向的后炉墙，花墙、横向墙以及后炉墙三者围设成第三燃烧室，第三燃烧室设置出烟气口，后拱的花墙上设有连通第二燃烧室和第三燃烧室的通气孔，通气孔高于折焰墙的底端；前拱上设有和中拱上均分别设有二次风口，前拱上二次风口和中拱上二次风口为相向设置，前拱上二次风口位于中拱上二次风口的上侧，前拱上二次风口的喷出角度为向下倾斜15° -5°之间，中拱上二次风口的喷出角度为向下倾斜20° -30°之间。
2.如权利要求1所述的生物质链条锅炉新型炉膛结构，其特征在于:前拱上二次风口的喷出角度为向下倾斜10°，中拱上二次风口的喷出角度为向下倾斜25°。
3.如权利要求1所述的生物质链条锅炉新型炉膛结构，其特征在于:所述折焰墙为竖直延伸。
4.如权利要求1所述的生物质链条锅炉新型炉膛结构，其特征在于:花墙和横向墙呈直角拐弯状设置。
5.如权利要求1所述的生物质链条锅炉新型炉膛结构，其特征在于:所述后炉墙上设有与第三燃烧室相连通的清灰口，后炉墙的外侧对应清灰口设置清灰门。
6.如权利要求1所述的生物质链条锅炉新型炉膛结构，其特征在于:第一燃烧室的下侧设有一次风箱。
7.如权利要求1所述的生物质链条锅炉新型炉膛结构，其特征在于:出烟气口位于第三燃烧室顶端。
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104566337A (zh) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-29 | 河南农业大学 | 生物质链条锅炉新型炉膛结构 |
| CN106288368A (zh) * | 2015-06-26 | 2017-01-04 | 刘俊杰 | 一种专门用来燃烧发生炉热煤气热水锅炉的设计制造方法 |
| CN108644802A (zh) * | 2018-03-10 | 2018-10-12 | 魏银先 | 逆折流燃烟链排拱 |
| CN111207387A (zh) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-29 | 吉林宏日新能源股份有限公司 | 生物质燃料热风炉 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104566337A (zh) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-29 | 河南农业大学 | 生物质链条锅炉新型炉膛结构 |
| CN106288368A (zh) * | 2015-06-26 | 2017-01-04 | 刘俊杰 | 一种专门用来燃烧发生炉热煤气热水锅炉的设计制造方法 |
| CN108644802A (zh) * | 2018-03-10 | 2018-10-12 | 魏银先 | 逆折流燃烟链排拱 |
| CN111207387A (zh) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-29 | 吉林宏日新能源股份有限公司 | 生物质燃料热风炉 |
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