CN2804612Y - 双炉排燃块状燃料锅炉 - Google Patents
双炉排燃块状燃料锅炉 Download PDFInfo
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- CN2804612Y CN2804612Y CNU2005200411217U CN200520041121U CN2804612Y CN 2804612 Y CN2804612 Y CN 2804612Y CN U2005200411217 U CNU2005200411217 U CN U2005200411217U CN 200520041121 U CN200520041121 U CN 200520041121U CN 2804612 Y CN2804612 Y CN 2804612Y
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- 239000000446 fuels Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000007789 gases Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002485 combustion reactions Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011901 water Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 240000007643 Phytolacca americana Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000009074 Phytolacca americana Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000010410 layers Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 230000000149 penetrating Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particles Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering processes Methods 0.000 description 4
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound 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C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
本实用新型提供的双炉排燃块状燃料锅炉涉及一种锅炉。本双炉排燃块状燃料锅炉包括炉体、设于炉体上与炉体内腔相通的进风口、烟气出口、加料门和设于炉体内的炉排，所述炉排包括有一定间隔的上炉排和下炉排，所述进风口设于下炉排的下方，所述的烟气出口设于炉体的上方。锅炉在燃烧时，空气从下炉排的下方穿过下炉排上的燃烧层，进而透过上炉排上的燃烧层，火焰或烟气从设在炉体上方的烟气出口排出，进入下一受热面。本实用新型的优点在于结构简单、热效率高、对燃料适应性好；同时，还可以燃用高热值、低灰熔点、易结焦的燃料，延长炉排的使用寿命。
Description
技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种热交换器，尤其涉及一种具有双炉排燃块状燃料的锅炉。
背景技术
锅炉作为一种热交换器，用途很广。现有的燃块状燃料锅炉大部分都是采用单层炉排正烧技术，即在炉膛内设置一层铸铁炉排，块状燃料放在炉排上，空气从设在炉排下侧的进风口中进入到炉体内，并通过炉排上的燃料层。新燃料加在灼烧的燃料层上面，经过预热后很容易燃烧，其可以燃烧一些比较难燃烧的燃料如无烟煤、焦炭等。但在燃料燃烧的过程中，需要通过拨火门对灼烧的燃料进行拨火操作，为了便于燃料和灰烬的分离，炉排中留有间隙，拨火操作会使一些未燃烬的细小燃料颗粒随着燃烬的灰烬落到炉排下方，造成机械不完全燃烧热损失和灰烬物理热损失，且在燃用高热值低挥发份的块状燃料时，铸铁制成的炉排很容易被烧坏。
双层炉排燃烧技术可有效地解决细小燃料颗粒不能在有效燃烧区燃烧完全的缺陷。现有的锅炉采用的是双层炉排反烧技术，其结构包括设在炉体内的上、下两个炉排，设在炉体上的上、下两个炉排之间的烟气出口，设在炉体上的两个进风口，其中一个进风口位于上炉排的上方，另一个进风口位于下炉排的下方。锅炉在工作过程中，一部分空气从上往下通过上炉排燃料层，灰烬和细小燃料颗粒从上炉排缝隙落到下炉排形成下炉排燃料层，另一部分空气从下炉排下往上通过燃料层，燃烧烟气从上下炉排之间的烟气出口流出。采用这种结构的锅炉虽然可以使从上炉排落下的细小燃料颗粒在下炉排上形成二次燃烧，提高了燃烧效率，但由于新燃料加在上炉排燃料层上面，空气由上往下通过，使火焰被下压，新加上去的燃料不容易着火，因此不能燃用无烟煤、焦炭等着火点较高的燃料，燃料的适应性较差。
发明内容
为克服上述缺陷，本实用新型需要解决的技术问题：提供一种新型的双炉排燃块状燃料锅炉，其结构简单、能适应多种燃料、热效率高。
为解决所述技术问题，本实用新型所采取的方案：一种双炉排燃块状燃料锅炉，包括炉体、设于炉体上与炉体内腔相通的进风口、烟气出口、加料门和设于炉体内的炉排，所述炉排包括有一定间隔的上炉排和下炉排，其特征在于，所述进风口设于下炉排的下方，所述的烟气出口设于炉体的上方。
锅炉在燃烧时，空气从下炉排的下方穿过下炉排上的燃烧层，进而透过上炉排上的燃烧层，火焰或烟气从设在炉体上方的烟气出口排出，进入下一受热面。空气在锅炉中的运行线路保证了火焰正常的燃烧状态。从上炉排上落下的细小燃料颗粒可以在下炉排上重新燃烧，因而提高了锅炉的热效率。同时，其燃烧产生的热量加上从上炉排上落下的灰烬所具有的热量，可以对从下炉排处通过的冷空气进行预热。新燃料加在上炉排炽热燃料层上面后，高温火焰、烟气全部通过新燃料层，新燃料得到预热，这为新燃料的着火提供了良好的条件，属于无限制着火状态，可以燃用一般难点火、难燃烬的诸如无烟煤、焦炭、煤矸石等燃料。
一种改进，所述上炉排由内部可通水的水管排列而成。水在水管内流动，在吸收热量的同时，还可使炉排保持较低的温度，提高炉排使用寿命。
又一种改进，在炉体的外侧壁上设有通向炉体内腔的拨火门，所述的拨火门位于上炉排与下炉排之间。设有拨火门可以对下炉排上的燃料层进行拨火操作，满足了锅炉的实际使用需求。
进一步改进，所述的进风口设在下炉排下面，所述的上炉排倾斜设置在炉体内，其与水平面之间的夹角为5-30度。
再进一步改进，在炉体侧壁上设有通向炉体内腔的清灰门，清灰门位于下炉排的下方。炉体下端一般是为封闭的，设有清灰门便于从炉体内清理出炉灰。
本实用新型双炉排燃块状燃料锅炉的有益效果：结构简单、热效率高、对燃料适应性好；上炉排由水管组成，水在管内流动，可以冷却炉排，并可降低燃料层温度、可以燃用高热值、低灰熔点、易结焦的燃料，延长炉排的使用寿命；上炉排燃料层燃烧均匀、便于添加新的燃料。
附图说明
图1是本实用新型双炉排燃块状燃料锅炉的内部结构示意图。
具体实施方式
图1示出，本实用新型双炉排燃块状燃料锅炉的主体为一个炉体2，其内设有一个炉腔。在炉腔内设有上炉排8和下炉排5，上炉排8与下炉排5在纵向上间隔一定的距离。在炉体2上设有通向炉体内腔的进风口3和烟气出口1，进风口3设在炉体2的下侧壁上，且位于下炉排5的下方；烟气出口1位于炉体2的上方。在上炉排8上方靠近上炉排的炉体2侧壁上设有加料门9，操作者可以通过加料门9向上炉排8上添加燃料，或对上炉排8上的燃料层进行拨火操作。在炉体2上、下炉排5与上炉排8之间设有拨火门7，操作者可以通过拨火门7对下炉排5上的燃料层进行拨火操作。
本实施例中，在进风口3处设有鼓风机4。通过鼓风机4将风从进风口3送入炉体2的内腔中。
炉体2的下端为封闭的，在炉体2的下侧壁上还设有通向炉体2内腔的清灰门6，其位于下炉排5的下方，灰烬可以从此处被清理出炉体2外。
上炉排8是由内部可通水的水管组成，其可以是由多根水管按一定的间隔排列而成，也可以是一根长的水管折弯而成。锅炉在工作时，水管内通过流水。为了上炉排8水管内水的流动，上炉排8倾斜设置，它与水平面之间的夹角一般被设置成5-30度。下炉排5一般是由铸铁制成的。
Claims (7)
1.一种双炉排燃块状燃料锅炉，包括炉体(2)、设于炉体(2)上与炉体(2)内腔相通的进风口(3)、烟气出口(1)、加料门(9)和设于炉体内的炉排，所述炉排包括有一定间隔的上炉排(8)和下炉排(5)，其特征在于，所述进风口(3)设于下炉排(5)的下方，所述的烟气出口(1)设于炉体(2)的上方。
2.根据权利要求1所述的双炉排燃块状燃料锅炉，其特征在于，所述上炉排(8)由内部可通水的水管排列而成。
3.根据权利要求2所述的双炉排燃块状燃料锅炉，其特征在于，所述上炉排(8)是由多根水管按一定的间隔排列而成。
4.根据权利要求2所述的双炉排燃块状燃料锅炉，其特征在于，所述上炉排(8)是一根长的水管折弯而成。
5.根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的双炉排燃块状燃料锅炉，其特征在于，在炉体(2)的外侧壁上设有通向炉体(2)内腔的拨火门(7)，所述的拨火门(7)位于上炉排(8)与下炉排(5)之间。
6.根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的双炉排燃块状燃料锅炉，其特征在于，所述的进风口(3)设在下炉排(5)下面，所述的上炉排(8)倾斜设置在炉体(2)内，其与水平面之间的夹角为5-30度。
7.根据权利要求6所述的双炉排燃块状燃料锅炉，其特征在于，在炉体(2)侧壁上设有通向炉体(2)内腔的清灰门(6)，清灰门(6)位于下炉排(5)的下方。
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102607002A (zh) * | 2012-03-19 | 2012-07-25 | 郭丰亮 | 一种生物质燃料与柴油两用蒸汽机 |
| CN102679305A (zh) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-09-19 | 郭丰亮 | 一种双炉排生物质锅炉 |
| CN105066180A (zh) * | 2015-09-28 | 2015-11-18 | 郑文娟 | 节能燃煤炉 |
| CN106594747A (zh) * | 2017-01-26 | 2017-04-26 | 严志谋 | 改进的无害化垃圾焚烧炉 |
| CN110454772A (zh) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-15 | 山东理工大学 | 一种倾斜进料式农林生物质碎料燃烧炉 |
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2005
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102607002A (zh) * | 2012-03-19 | 2012-07-25 | 郭丰亮 | 一种生物质燃料与柴油两用蒸汽机 |
| CN102679305A (zh) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-09-19 | 郭丰亮 | 一种双炉排生物质锅炉 |
| CN105066180A (zh) * | 2015-09-28 | 2015-11-18 | 郑文娟 | 节能燃煤炉 |
| CN106594747A (zh) * | 2017-01-26 | 2017-04-26 | 严志谋 | 改进的无害化垃圾焚烧炉 |
| CN106594747B (zh) * | 2017-01-26 | 2018-06-15 | 严志谋 | 改进的无害化垃圾焚烧炉 |
| CN110454772A (zh) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-15 | 山东理工大学 | 一种倾斜进料式农林生物质碎料燃烧炉 |
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