CN203269805U - Quick aerobic fermentation device for household garbage and/or kitchen waste - Google Patents

Quick aerobic fermentation device for household garbage and/or kitchen waste Download PDF

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CN203269805U
CN203269805U CN2013200598656U CN201320059865U CN203269805U CN 203269805 U CN203269805 U CN 203269805U CN 2013200598656 U CN2013200598656 U CN 2013200598656U CN 201320059865 U CN201320059865 U CN 201320059865U CN 203269805 U CN203269805 U CN 203269805U
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fermentation
pad
fermentation cabin
air
materials
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周鼎力
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Chongqing Water Dream Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
Zhou Dingli
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses

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Abstract

The utility model relates to a quick aerobic fermentation device for household garbage and/or kitchen waste. The quick aerobic fermentation device mainly comprises a cylindrical or rectangular multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39), an air heater (14), a feeder (6), an air feeder (13), a leachate storage tank (15) and a gas purification device (35). By using the multi-section type fermentation cabin to carry out multi-layer fermentation, the utilization rate of aerobic air is increased, the decomposition of fermentation materials is accelerated, the utilization rate of equipment is increased, a small space is occupied by the equipment, and particularly, the fermentation materials turn up and down under the action of the stirring device, the materials are in the loose state, and the necessary optimal fermentation temperature of the fermentation materials can be rapidly achieved in hot air flow, so that the fermentation of the materials is accelerated, the production cost of fermentation is lowered, the fermentation time is shortened, the fermentation cabin of unit volume is high in capacity, and the fermentation cabin has good industrial practicability.

Description

The quick aerobic fermentation device of domestic refuse and/or changing food waste
Technical field
The utility model relates to the quick aerobic fermentation device of one way of life rubbish and/or changing food waste, belongs to the environmental protection equipment field;
Background technology
Along with improving constantly of people's living standard, in domestic refuse, the content of organic waste constantly rises, the perishable environment that rots to affect people's existence of the biomass in organic waste (as melon and fruit peel, vegetables residue, surplus food etc. after the meal); Scientificlly and effectively the recycling of it is innoxious, minimizing, particularly domestic refuse and/or changing food waste has caused the generally attention of the whole society; About the existing many reports of the aerobic fermentation equipment of changing food waste, as in CN202052759U " continuous food waste treatment device ", charging or the discharging of fermentation cabin (or fermentor tank) belong to batch operation; Adopt thermal medium to the fermentation materials heating with carrying out indirect heating, exist heat transfer slow, the defective that heat utilization efficiency is low; Especially, adopt air at room temperature to ferment, the required oxygen of aerobic fermentation (or air) only contacts at the upper face of changing food waste (or fermentation materials), fermentation materials can not fully contact with required oxygen, causes fermentation time long, and cost raises, efficient is low, " vapour locking, ponding " phenomenon easily occurs in indirect heating pipe or the heat transfer tube of fermentation equipment bottom exterior layer, and body crack, separation of welds, breakage or fault usually occur, and maintenance is inconvenient.
in the equipment of existing disclosed life refuse high temperature aerobic compost, charging or the discharging of fermentation cabin (or fermentor tank) belong to batch operation, adopt air at room temperature to ferment, fermentation materials needed optimum activity temperature of mesophile microorganism of thermophase (25-40 ℃) from room temperature rises to needs 3-5 days the soonest, the needed optimum activity temperature of thermophile bacteria microorganism of (50-80 ℃) of reaching a high temperature the stage needs 10-15 days at the soonest, cause the aerobic fermentation time of domestic refuse long, energy consumption is high, yielding poorly of unit volume fermentation cabin, the investment of the domestic refuse fermentation cabin of unit weight is large, increased production cost, reduced productivity effect.
The purpose of this utility model is exactly the shortcoming that will overcome aforesaid device, provide a kind of warm air of using as thermal source, making warm air and fermentation materials carry out directly contacting to fermentation materials is rapidly heated, alternately directly contact with fermentation materials (changing food waste and/or domestic refuse) with warm air or air at room temperature, make fermentation materials reach rapidly the optimum fermentation temp of each stage (as middle thermophase, hot stage, middle thermophase); Especially, under the effect of rolling up and down of whipping appts, fermentation materials can mix uniformly with the air that blasts, and fermentation materials can absorb sufficient oxygen, improves the domestic refuse of fermenting speed and/or the quick aerobic fermentation device of changing food waste.
Summary of the invention
The utility model is to consist of like this: the quick aerobic fermentation device of domestic refuse and/or changing food waste, mainly by multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39), charger (6), airheater (14), fan (13), draining storage pond (15) and gas-cleaning installation (35) form; It is characterized in that: the discharge opening UNICOM of multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39) top or top one end charging opening (8) and charger (6), the hand-fed mouth (33) of described multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39) is configured in top or the top the other end of described multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39), air-locked lid (32) of the top configuration sealing of described hand-fed mouth (33); The pneumatic outlet (31) at described multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39) top or top respectively with valve (34) and valve (5) inlet mouth UNICOM, the air outlet of valve (34) is through pipeline and gas-cleaning installation (35) UNICOM; Described fan (13) air outlet and described airheater (14) inlet mouth UNICOM, the hot air outlet of airheater (14) is respectively through valve (7,11,37) and described multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39) UNICOM; Thermometer or hygrosensor (3), be configured in respectively the sidewall of the upper, middle and lower section of described multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39), and the inside that is inserted into each fermentation layer (2,22,23,26) contacts with material, each hygrosensor (3) is connected respectively controller (10) by signal wire, and described controller (10) is connected respectively by signal wire and air electrothermal heater (14) and fan (13); The draining discharge outlet (17) of described multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39) bottom is through valve (16) UNICOM's draining storage pond (15); Fermentation materials discharge port (20) UNICOM's fermentation materials outlet valve (19) of the spiral discharging device (21) of described multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39) bottom.
Described multi-layer type fermentation cabin, by housing, the fermentation cabin charging opening, glass vision panel, thermometer or hygrosensor, agitator, two of left and right with holes material back up pad, the hydraulic efficiency plant of promotion back up pad motion (close or close), spiral discharging device forms:
Described fermentation cabin housing can be round shape or casing shape, and its material can be the coagulation structure of brick and cement, or metal, plastics, organic composite material;
Described charger can be the reciprocating type charger that hydraulic efficiency plant promotes, or worm conveyor, is driven by buncher;
Described fermentation cabin charging opening can configure artificial charging opening or configure the charging opening of mechanical charger; Described hand-fed mouth is configured in top one end of fermentation cabin housing, air-locked lid that the top configuration of described hand-fed mouth can seal; Described power feed machine charging opening is configured in the top the other end of fermentation cabin housing;
Described glass visor is configured in the sidewall of described fermentation cabin housing upper, middle and lower section;
Described agitator can be spiral stirrer, grid agitator, wing shape agitator; Be configured in respectively upper strata, the middle level of described fermentation cabin housing, the inside of lower floor by the sea line direction, every layer of configurable one or more agitator drive agitator by buncher and rotate;
Described fermentation materials back up pad with holes, formed by two back up pads such as left side semicircle with holes or rectangle fermentation materials back up pad and the right semicircle with holes or rectangle fermentation materials back up pads, be configured in respectively upper strata, middle level, the lower interior part of described fermentation cabin housing by the sea line direction;
Described hydraulic efficiency plant belongs to conventional hydraulic efficiency plant, by telescopic hydraulic supporting strut, connects with each layers such as the upper strata of described fermentation cabin housing, middle level, lower floor left and right two limit fermentation materials back up pads with holes respectively; By the work of described hydraulic efficiency plant and hydraulic supporting strut, can effectively control two of described left and right back up pad 0 degree opening or closing to 90 degree scope rotations;
Described spiral discharging device belongs to conventional feed screw, drives rotation by buncher, is configured in the below of fermentation materials back up pad with holes in described fermentation cabin housing, and horizontal direction is arranged; The bottom configuration discharge port of the discharge end of described spiral discharging device, the below configuration discharge valve of discharge port;
Described dividing plate with holes is configured in the lower position of described spiral discharging device;
Described draining savings storehouse belongs to the space between dividing plate with holes and fermentation cabin housing bottom surface, and the height in draining savings storehouses is at 0.5-1.5 rice, and the top, side that draining is saved the storehouse disposes air intlet, and its underpart disposes wastewater outlet;
Described airheater belongs to electrothermal air well heater, steam air interchanger, high-temperature flue gas air heat exchanger, high temperature heat conductive oil air heat exchanger; , heat to fermentation materials with warm air becoming warm air in air at room temperature input air well heater by fan, provide simultaneously fermentation needed oxygen;
Described temperature sensor, sensor passes to controller with the temperature of material in housing, controller is according to the prior temperature controlling range designed to material in housing, power (or strength of current) to the electrothermal air well heater automatically adjusts, control the air themperature variation just that airheater is discharged, adjusting enters the temperature of air in housing, to reach the temperature of fermentation materials in final control housing; Usually, the temperature of warm air is controlled automatically at 30-90 ℃; During fermentation, the hot air temperature that enters in housing is controlled at 30-80 ℃, and when fermentation is complete when carrying out dry materials, the hot air temperature that enters in housing is controlled at 80-90 ℃ of airflow drying that carries out material;
Described gas-cleaning installation belongs to round shape or casing shape housing, and inner filling gas cleaning of substances is processed and absorbed carbonic acid gas, the ammonia of discharging in fermentation gas, and other gaseous matter and dust;
The utility model and existing same device relatively have following advantage:
1. under the up and down rolling of whipping appts to fermentation materials, material is in loose state, the needed oxygen of aerobic fermentation (or air) can permeate and be distributed to the inside of fermentation materials equably, can mix fully with fermentation materials and contact, improved the speed of fermentation, overcome the moisture that produces in traditional static fermentation not volatile, oxygen and fermentation materials can not uniform contact cause fermenting speed defective slowly;
2. adopt warm air directly to contact with fermentation materials, can rapidly the heat of warm air be passed to fermentation materials, bring up to fast the optimum temps of the needed hot stage of technique (50-80 ℃) in order to make the fermentation materials temperature of room temperature, especially, can improve the moisture film on the required saturating fermentation materials of the air string surface of aerobic fermentation, the degree that is penetrated into the fermentation materials internal layer improves fermenting speed, or adopt room temperature freezing air (or Cryogenic air) directly to contact with the fermentation materials of hot stage, absorb the heat of thermophilic fermentation material with room temperature freezing air (or Cryogenic air), rapidly the temperature of thermophilic fermentation material is down to the needed middle thermophase of the phase technique of becoming thoroughly decomposed (25-40 ℃) temperature, enter the high or low of air themperature in fermentation cabin by what controller was regulated airheater output automatically, shortened the time of whole fermenting process, and it is low to consume energy,
3. adopt same fermentation equipment to carry out the fermentation by stages of multistage ground to fermentation materials, improved the utilization ratio of aerobic air, accelerated the speed of becoming thoroughly decomposed of fermentation materials, plant factor is high, and the floor space of equipment is little; Especially, material is rolling up and down under the effect of whipping appts, and material is in loose state, and in the air-flow of warm air, the volatile and rapid drying of the moisture in material has reduced production cost;
4. in the fermentation of material, adopt each needed optimum fermentation temp of technological temperature stage of automatic control and adjustment, simple to operate, less investment, fermenting speed is fast;
5. the waste gas and the dust that produce in the fermentation are constantly absorbed by gas-cleaning installation and remove, and discharge non-secondary pollution in fermentation without harmful foul smell;
6. adopt vertical multi-sectional fermentation cabin structure, can be simultaneously to the raw material of each layer in the stirring of agitator with carry under the dual useful effect of warm air and carry out fermentation fast; Can be continuous or the step power feed device that utilizes reinforced to fermentation cabin, also can utilize charging opening to carry out intermittent feeding; Material after fermentation can be continuously or intermittent type ground adopt spiral conveyer discharging easily, easy and simple to handle, improved the output of the fermentation materials of unit volume fermentation cabin, reduced the required energy consumption of fermenting, reduced the production cost of fermentation;
The utility model has shortened fermentation time, has improved fermenting speed, has reduced facility investment and the production cost of material fermentation, has improved working efficiency, and floor space is little, and the output of unit volume fermentation cabin is high, has good industrial applicibility.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is section (A-A) vertical view of multi-stage type fermentation cabin;
Fig. 3 is section (B-B) vertical view of multi-stage type fermentation cabin;
In Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the housing of 1-multi-stage type fermentation cabin; 2-ferment the layer; 3-thermometer or hygrosensor; Propping up of the rotatable fermentation materials back up pad of 4-turns bolt; The 5-valve; The 6-charger; The 7-air intake valve; The discharge opening of 8-power feed machine or the mechanical loading mouth of fermentation cabin; The 9-air intlet; The 10-controller; The 11-intake valve; The 12-air intlet; The 13-fan; The 14-airheater; 15-draining storage pond; The 16-water discharge valve; 17-draining discharge outlet; 18-draining savings storehouse; 19-fermentation materials outlet valve; 20-fermentation materials discharge port; The 21-spiral discharging device; 22-ferment the layer; 23-ferment the layer; 24-hydraulic part telescopic lever; The 25-buncher; 26-ferment the layer; 27-promotes the hydraulic efficiency plant that back up pad (28,29) is closed or opened; The fermentation materials back up pad that the 28-left side is with holes; The fermentation materials back up pad that 29-the right is with holes; The 30-glass vision panel; The 31-pneumatic outlet; 32-fermentation cabin feeding cover; The hand-fed mouth of 33-fermentation cabin; The 34-valve; The 35-gas-cleaning installation; The 36-screw mixer; The finned agitator of 36a-; The 37-air intake valve; The dividing plate that 38-is with holes; 39-multi-layer type fermentation cabin;
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, structure of the present utility model and use are further described, but are not limited;
as Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3, the utility model is to consist of like this: the quick aerobic fermentation device of domestic refuse and/or changing food waste, mainly by multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39), airheater (14), charger (6), fan (13), draining storage pond (15) and gas-cleaning installation (35) form, it is characterized in that: the discharge opening UNICOM of multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39) top or top one end charging opening (8) and charger (6), the hand-fed mouth (33) of described multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39) is configured in top or the top the other end of described multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39), air-locked lid (32) that the top configuration of described hand-fed mouth (33) can seal, the pneumatic outlet (31) at described fermentation cabin (39) top or top respectively with valve (34) and valve (5) inlet mouth UNICOM, the air outlet of valve (34) is through pipeline and gas-cleaning installation (35) UNICOM, described fan (13) air outlet and described airheater (14) inlet mouth UNICOM, the hot air outlet of airheater (14) is respectively through valve (7,11,37) and described multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39) UNICOM, described thermometer or hygrosensor (3), be configured in respectively the sidewall of the upper, middle and lower section of described multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39), and the inside that is inserted into each fermentation layer (2,22,23,26) contacts with material, each hygrosensor (3) is connected respectively described controller (10) by signal wire, and controller (10) is connected respectively by signal wire and air electrothermal heater (14) and fan (13), the draining discharge outlet (17) of described multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39) bottom is through valve (16) UNICOM's draining storage pond (15), fermentation materials discharge port (20) UNICOM's fermentation materials outlet valve (19) of the spiral discharging device (21) of multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39) bottom.
Described charger (6) can be reciprocating type charger or the worm conveyor that hydraulic efficiency plant promotes, and is driven by buncher;
Described multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39), by housing (1), fermentation cabin charging opening (8,33), glass vision panel (30), thermometer or hygrosensor (3), agitator (36), two of left and right with holes fermentation materials back up pad (28,29), promote the hydraulic efficiency plant (24,27) that back up pad is closed or opened, spiral discharging device (21) forms, particularly:
Described housing (1) can be round shape or casing shape, and its material can be the coagulation structure of brick and cement, or metal, plastics, organic composite material;
Described fermentation cabin charging opening has the charging opening (41) that can configure hand-fed mouth (33) or configure mechanical charger; Described hand-fed mouth (33) is configured in top one end of fermentation cabin housing (1), air-locked lid (32) that the top configuration of described hand-fed mouth (33) can seal; Described power feed machine charging opening (41) is configured in the top the other end of fermentation cabin housing (1);
Described glass visor (30) is configured in the sidewall of described fermentation cabin housing (1) upper, middle and lower section;
Described agitator (36), referring to accompanying drawing 3, can be screw mixer (36), grid agitator, wing shape agitator (36a), be configured in respectively upper strata, the middle level of described fermentation cabin housing (1), the inside of lower floor by the sea line direction, every layer of configurable one or more agitator (36 or 36a) drive agitator (36,36a) by buncher (25) and rotate;
Two of described left and rights with holes fermentation materials back up pad (28,29), formed by semicircle or rectangle fermentation materials back up pad with holes, the material of described back up pad (28,29): can be metal, plastics, organic composite material, marble slab or inanimate matter sheet material, aperture on back up pad (28,29) is configured in respectively upper strata, middle level, the lower interior part of described fermentation cabin housing (1) at the 0.5-3 centimetre by the sea line direction; By rotatable stay-bolt (4), described left side semicircle or rectangle fermentation materials back up pad (28) with holes and the right semicircle or rectangle fermentation materials back up pad (29) with holes are separately fixed at the side of described fermentation cabin housing (1), two of described left and right back up pad (28,29) can with rotatable stay-bolt (4) as pivot point, be rotated in sea line direction (0 degree) to vertical line direction (90 degree) scope; Namely, when left side back up pad (28) or the right back up pad (29) are in (0 degree) sea line position simultaneously, two back up pads of left side back up pad (28) and the right back up pad (29) are closed up fully and close, and the fermentation materials above left side back up pad (28) and the right back up pad (29) is toward falling; When left side back up pad (28) and the right back up pad (29) are in the position of vertical direction (90 degree), left side back up pad (28) and the right back up pad (29) are opened fully, and the fermentation materials above left side back up pad (28) and the right back up pad (29) is all toward falling; Left side back up pad (28) and the right back up pad (29) are configured in agitator (36,36a) the 0.3-1 rice position, below of each layers such as multi-stage type fermentation cabin housing (1) upper strata, middle level, lower floor;
Described hydraulic efficiency plant (27), belong to conventional hydraulic efficiency plant, by telescopic hydraulic supporting strut (24), be configured respectively and connect with each layers such as the upper strata of described multi-stage type fermentation cabin housing (1), middle level, lower floor left side back up pad (28) and the right back up pad (29) with holes respectively, by the work of described hydraulic efficiency plant (27) and hydraulic supporting strut (24), can effectively control described left side back up pad (28) and the right back up pad (29) and spend opening or closing to 90 degree scopes rotations 0:
Described spiral discharging device (21) belongs to conventional feed screw, drives rotation by buncher (25), is configured in the below of the interior material back up pad of multi-stage type fermentation cabin housing (1) (28,29), and horizontal direction is arranged; The bottom configuration discharge port (20) of the discharge end of described spiral discharging device (21), the below configuration discharge valve (19) of discharge port (20);
Described dividing plate with holes (38), be configured in the 5-30 centimetre position, below of described spiral discharging device (21), the sea line direction is arranged, the aperture of dividing plate (38) is the 0.5-3 centimetre, and its material can be metal, plastics, organic composite material, marble slab, brick mixing cement structure;
Described draining savings storehouse (18), belong to the space between described dividing plate (38) with holes and described multi-stage type fermentation cabin housing (1) bottom surface, be that the height in draining savings storehouses (18) is at 0.5-1.5 rice, the top, side in draining savings storehouses (18) disposes air intlet (12), and its underpart disposes draining discharge outlet (17).
During the utility model work: at first feed in raw material, when reinforced, utilize the convergent force of hydraulic efficiency plant (24,27), with multi-stage type fermentation cabin housing (1) upper strata, the left side back up pad (28) that each layers such as middle level and lower floor are with holes and the right back up pad (29) all shrink or fall to sea line perpendicular 90 the degree open positions; then, by reciprocating type charger (6), (illustrate: fermentation materials is by changing food waste and/or domestic refuse raw material with the fermentation materials of the moisture 40-55% (Wt%) of certainweight, high-temperature aerobic microbial bacteria or decomposing agent, water, and Nutrious fermented loose base-material etc. mixes by known technical formula and forms, C/N is 20-30) pass through charging opening (8) and utilize action of gravity to join above the interior dividing plate (38) of multi-stage type fermentation cabin (39) submerged fermentation layer (22) downwards, when fermentation materials is feeded to 4/5 height from dividing plate (38) is surperficial, reinforced complete in fermentation layer (22), then, the reinforced successively of each fermentation layer (23,26,2) of layer (22) top of fermenting, namely, utilize the expansion force of hydraulic efficiency plant (24,27), the off-position of closing up of sea line (0 degree) is upheld or up be pushed into to layer two of the left and right back up pad (28,29) of (23) bottom of fermenting, then, above-described fermentation materials is passed through reciprocating type charger (6), in joining fermentation layer (23) downwards, charging opening (8) till 4/5 height, feeds in raw material in fermentation layer (23) complete, then, according to the reinforced same method of above-mentioned fermentation layer (22,23), in turn described fermentation materials is joined in fermentation layer (26) and fermentation layer (2), till each fermentation layer charging respectively to 4/5 height location, after the fermentation materials of each fermentation layer (22,23,26,2) in multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39) is reinforced complete, begin fermentation,
during fermentation, close and seal the lid (32) above multi-stage type fermentation cabin (39) top feeding mouth (33), side by side, utilize the mode of the feeding rod compression material in reciprocating type stock pusher (6) to seal charging opening (8), stop the interior gas of fermentation cabin (39) to outward leakage, valve-off (5,16,19) is opened valve (7,11,37), then, start the buncher (25) of agitator in each layers such as fermentation cabin (39) upper strata, middle level, lower floor (36,36a), drive agitator (36,36a) rotation, allow various components in fermentation materials in multi-stage type fermentation cabin (39) (as, changing food waste and/or domestic refuse raw material, high-temperature aerobic microbial bacteria or decomposing agent, water and Nutrious fermented loose base-material) fully mix and rolling up and down, carry out work by controller (14) startup fan (13) and electrothermal air well heater (14), with fan (13), air at room temperature is sent in electrothermal air well heater (14), the air at room temperature heating is become the warm air of 50-80 ℃, warm air is transported to multi-stage type fermentation cabin (39) upper strata, the middle level, in each layer such as lower floor, and direction string fermentation materials back up pad (28 excessively with holes from the bottom up, 29) aperture enters into fermentation materials, the heat of warm air is passed to equably the fermentation materials of room temperature, offer the needed oxygen of fermentation materials, in the warm air fermentation materials that is penetrated into uniformly each fermentation layer (22,24,26,2) from the bottom up, it is consistent that the ascending temperature of fermentation materials and the temperature of warm air reach balance rapidly, the active middle thermophase (25-40 ℃) that adapts to of mesophile that namely reaches fast or keep the zymotechnique requirement carries out the fermentation of middle thermophase, or reaches fast and the best hot stage (50-80 ℃) of keeping thermophilic mattress activity and adapting to, after hot stage (50-80 ℃) fermentation is complete, the middle thermophase (25-40 ℃) that enters the desired fermentation materials of technique becomes thoroughly decomposed the phase, close airheater (14) or regulate the power that reduces airheater (14) by controller (10), room temperature freezing air or Cryogenic air are input to multi-stage type fermentation cabin (39) upper strata, the middle level, in the fermentation materials of each layer such as lower floor, with the heat in room temperature freezing air or Cryogenic air absorption fermentation materials (50-80 ℃), make rapidly the temperature of the fermentation materials of hot stage be reduced to the active middle thermophase (25-40 ℃) that adapts to of mesophile of processing requirement, finally complete fast whole fermenting process, in aerobic fermentation, can be regular according to processing requirement or the irregular fermentation materials input air of giving each layers such as multi-stage type fermentation cabin (39) upper strata, middle level, lower floor, can the be regular or irregular agitator (36,36a) that starts, fermentation materials is contacted fully with air in stirring up and down, increase oxygen fully contacts with material, improves fermenting speed, in fermentation, the draining that oozes that is collected in draining savings storehouses (18) that will produce in fermenting termly enters in draining storage pond (15) through draining discharge outlet (17) and valve (16), ooze draining and can turn back to the needed moisture of adjusting fermentation materials in multi-stage type fermentation cabin (39), or through discharging after environmental purification processing up to standard, the carbonic acid gas that will produce in constantly fermenting, water vapor, ammonia and other gas are discharged multi-stage type fermentation cabin (39) from venting port (31), and gas enters in gas-cleaning installation (35) through valve (34), enter atmosphere after process absorption or purifying treatment are up to standard, controller (10) can be at any time to the stopping or open of fan (13), and the electric heating output rating of electrothermal air well heater (14) is automatically adjusted, in order to control the variation that enters the air themperature in multi-stage type fermentation cabin (39), when hygrosensor (3) sends to the temperature of fermentation materials of the fermentation layer (22) of multi-stage type fermentation cabin (39) foot that controller (10) shows to drop to the temperature parameter that the desired fermentation of technique completes, or open discharge valve (19) degree of corrosion or the degree of stability of the fermentation materials in fermentation layer (22) detected chemical examination, after showing that as test fermentation is completed, stop the fermentation of fermentation layer (22) interior material, fermentation layer (22) interior fermentation materials this moment (domestic refuse or changing food waste) be the innoxious bio-organic fertilizer that has changed into the loose shape of brown, and the fermenting process in fermentation cabin (22) is completed, then, close air door (37), open discharge valve (19), start spiral discharging device (21,25), the interior bio-feritlizer of layer (22) that will ferment is all discharged from multi-stage type fermentation cabin (39) through discharge gate (20) and valve (19), then carry out sorting, fragmentation, allotment, granulation, drying and packing, obtain at last the bio-feritlizer commodity,
After the fermentation materials in fermentation layer (22) is all discharged, begin again to feed to fermentation layer (22) and carry out the fermentation of next batch fermentation materials, the fermentation materials in the fermentation layer (23) of layer (22) top of fermenting drops into downwards in fermentation layer (22) and further ferments; Working method: by the convergent force of hydraulic efficiency plant (24,27), the left side back up pad (28) of layer (23) bottom supporting fermentation materials of fermenting is all shunk with the right back up pad (29) or pulls down to the open position of vertical (90 spend), to ferment, the downward action of gravity of material utilization in all fermentations drops in fermentation layer (22) in layer (23), carries out further thoroughly fermentation in fermentation layer (23); Then, utilize the expansion force of hydraulic efficiency plant (24,27), the off-position of closing up of sea line (0 degree) is upheld or up be pushed into to layer two of the left and right back up pad (28,29) of (23) bottom of fermenting, and begins charging for the layer (23) that ferments; Namely, the fermentation materials in the fermentation layer (26) on layer (23) top of fermenting drops into downwards in fermentation layer (23) and further ferments, working method: by the convergent force of hydraulic efficiency plant (24,27), the left side back up pad (28) of layer (26) bottom supporting fermentation materials of fermenting is all shunk with the right back up pad (29) or pulls down to the open position of vertical (90 degree), and the downward action of gravity of material utilization during in the layer (26) that will ferment, all ferment drops in ferment layer (23); According to above the same manner of giving fermentation layer (22,23) charging, the fermentation materials of layer (2) of fermenting installs in fermentation layer (26), after the fermentation materials in fermentation layer (2) is drained downwards, feed for fermentation layer (2), namely, can utilize hand-fed mouth (33) or reciprocating type charger (6) that described fermentation materials is sent in fermentation layer (2) to 4/5 height, can effectively monitor the work loading height in fermentation layer (2) by glass visor (30);
Biochemical basis according to aerobic fermentation, the utility model can carry out the aerobic fermentation of kinds of processes in the following manner, namely, (1) fermentation materials can be by method as described above, from room temperature state, thermophase in process in order (25-40 ℃)---hot stage (50-80 ℃)---zymotechnique of the routine of-middle thermophase (25-40 ℃); (2) fermentation materials is from room temperature state, directly being climbed to hot stage (50-80 ℃) ferments fast, utilize the biochemical Decomposition of high temperature thermophilic microorganism bacterium that organism is degraded rapidly, then fermentation materials is carried out further fast cooling to middle thermophase (25-40 ℃), carry out the fermentation of the phase of becoming thoroughly decomposed in later stage; (3) fermentation materials is from room temperature state, thermophase in process in order (25-40 ℃) fermentation----hot stage (50-80 ℃) fermentation, then, with ferment material after complete of hot stage, discharge fermentation cabin (39), middle thermophase (25-40 ℃) fermentation of the phase of becoming thoroughly decomposed again after the sorting of sieving, pulverizing in the aerobic fermentation chamber of routine;
After the fermentation materials fermentation was complete, sieve sorting, pulverizing, allotment, granulation, drying obtained the organic fertilizer product at last.

Claims (4)

1. the quick aerobic fermentation device of domestic refuse and/or changing food waste, mainly by multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39), charger (6), airheater (14), fan (13), draining storage pond (15) and gas-cleaning installation (35) form; It is characterized in that: the discharge opening UNICOM of multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39) top or top one end charging opening (8) and charger (6), the hand-fed mouth (33) of described multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39) is configured in top or the top the other end of described multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39), air-locked lid (32) of the top configuration sealing of described hand-fed mouth (33); The pneumatic outlet (31) at described multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39) top or top respectively with valve (34) and valve (5) inlet mouth UNICOM, the air outlet of valve (34) is through pipeline and gas-cleaning installation (35) UNICOM; Described fan (13) air outlet and described airheater (14) inlet mouth UNICOM, the hot air outlet of airheater (14) is respectively through valve (7,11,37) and described multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39) UNICOM; Thermometer or hygrosensor (3), be configured in respectively the sidewall of the upper, middle and lower section of described multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39), and the inside that is inserted into each fermentation layer (2,22,23,26) contacts with material, each hygrosensor (3) is connected respectively controller (10) by signal wire, and described controller (10) is connected respectively by signal wire and air electrothermal heater (14) and fan (13); The draining discharge outlet (17) of described multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39) bottom is through valve (16) UNICOM's draining storage pond (15); Fermentation materials discharge port (20) UNICOM's fermentation materials outlet valve (19) of the spiral discharging device (21) of described multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39) bottom.
2. the quick aerobic fermentation device of domestic refuse according to claim 1 and/or changing food waste, it is characterized in that: described multi-layer type fermentation cabin (39), by housing (1), fermentation cabin charging opening (8,33), glass vision panel (30), thermometer or hygrosensor (3), agitator (36), two of left and right with holes fermentation materials back up pad (28,29), promote the hydraulic efficiency plant (24,27) that back up pad is closed or opened, spiral discharging device (21) forms; Particularly:
Housing (1) can be round shape or casing shape, and its material can be the coagulation structure of brick and cement, or metal, plastics, organic composite material;
The fermentation cabin charging opening has the charging opening (41) of hand-fed mouth (33) or power feed machine; Described hand-fed mouth (33) is configured in top one end of fermentation cabin housing (1), air-locked lid (32) that the top configuration of described hand-fed mouth (33) can seal; Described power feed machine charging opening (41) is configured in the top the other end of fermentation cabin housing (1);
Glass visor (30) is configured in the sidewall of described fermentation cabin housing (1) upper, middle and lower section;
Agitator (36), can be screw mixer (36), grid agitator, wing shape agitator (36a), be configured in respectively upper strata, the middle level of described fermentation cabin housing (1), the inside of lower floor by the sea line direction, every layer of configurable one or more agitator (36 or 36a) drive agitator (36,36a) by buncher (25) and rotate;
Two of left and right with holes fermentation materials back up pad (28,29), formed by semicircle or rectangle fermentation materials back up pad with holes, the material of described back up pad (28,29): can be metal, plastics, organic composite material, marble slab or inanimate matter sheet material, aperture on back up pad (28,29) is configured in respectively upper strata, middle level, the lower interior part of described fermentation cabin housing (1) at the 0.5-3 centimetre by the sea line direction; By rotatable stay-bolt (4), described left side semicircle or rectangle fermentation materials back up pad (28) with holes and the right semicircle or rectangle fermentation materials back up pad (29) with holes are separately fixed at the side of described fermentation cabin housing (1), two of described left and right back up pad (28,29) can with rotatable stay-bolt (4) as pivot point, be rotated in sea line direction (0 degree) to vertical line direction (90 degree) scope; Namely, when left side back up pad (28) or the right back up pad (29) are in (0 degree) sea line position simultaneously, two back up pads of left side back up pad (28) and the right back up pad (29) are closed up fully and close, and the fermentation materials above left side back up pad (28) and the right back up pad (29) is toward falling; When left side back up pad (28) and the right back up pad (29) are in the position of vertical direction (90 degree), left side back up pad (28) and the right back up pad (29) are opened fully, and the fermentation materials above left side back up pad (28) and the right back up pad (29) is all toward falling; Left side back up pad (28) and the right back up pad (29) are configured in agitator (36,36a) the 0.3-1 rice position, below of each layers such as multi-stage type fermentation cabin housing (1) upper strata, middle level, lower floor;
Hydraulic efficiency plant (24,27), by telescopic hydraulic supporting strut (24), be configured respectively and connect with each layers such as the upper strata of described multi-stage type fermentation cabin housing (1), middle level, lower floor left side back up pad (28) and the right back up pad (29) with holes respectively, by the work of described hydraulic efficiency plant (27) and hydraulic supporting strut (24), can effectively control described left side back up pad (28) and the right back up pad (29) 0 degree opening or closing to 90 degree scope rotations;
Spiral discharging device (21) belongs to conventional feed screw, drives rotation by buncher (25), is configured in the below of the interior material back up pad of multi-stage type fermentation cabin housing (1) (28,29), and horizontal direction is arranged; The bottom configuration discharge port (20) of the discharge end of described spiral discharging device (21), the below configuration discharge valve (19) of discharge port (20);
Dividing plate with holes (38), be configured in the 5-30 centimetre position, below of described spiral discharging device (21), sea line direction layout, the aperture of dividing plate (38) is the 0.5-3 centimetre, its material can be metal, plastics, organic composite material, marble slab, brick mixing cement structure;
Draining savings storehouse (18), belong to the space between described dividing plate (38) with holes and described multi-stage type fermentation cabin housing (1) bottom surface, be that the height in draining savings storehouses (18) is at 0.5-1.5 rice, the top, side in draining savings storehouses (18) disposes air intlet (12), and its underpart disposes draining discharge outlet (17).
3. the quick aerobic fermentation device of domestic refuse according to claim 1 and/or changing food waste is characterized in that: described charger (6) can be reciprocating type charger or the worm conveyor that is promoted by the hydraulic efficiency plant that buncher drives.
4. the quick aerobic fermentation device of domestic refuse according to claim 1 and/or changing food waste, it is characterized in that: described airheater (14) belongs to electrothermal air well heater, steam air interchanger, high-temperature flue gas air heat exchanger, high temperature heat conductive oil air heat exchanger.
CN2013200598656U 2013-02-04 2013-02-04 Quick aerobic fermentation device for household garbage and/or kitchen waste Expired - Fee Related CN203269805U (en)

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104003767A (en) * 2014-06-11 2014-08-27 中国科学院城市环境研究所 Kitchen waste aerobic fermentation equipment with capability of rapid drying
CN104492789A (en) * 2014-12-18 2015-04-08 沈阳工业大学 Biodegradable waste processor and method for producing mycoprotein by using same
CN106316473A (en) * 2016-10-18 2017-01-11 福建晋江聚旺印染机械有限公司 Organic refuse thermal catalytic machine
CN110452031A (en) * 2019-09-23 2019-11-15 上海洁鹿环保科技有限公司 Remaining meal rubbish processing equipment
CN110938525A (en) * 2019-11-25 2020-03-31 武汉科技大学 Organic matter fermenting device
CN111348944A (en) * 2020-03-12 2020-06-30 上海统净环保科技有限公司 Electromagnetic dehumidification biochemical treatment system and treatment method for wet garbage
CN112409045A (en) * 2020-12-15 2021-02-26 江苏拓森环保设备工程有限公司 Tower-type gravity composting equipment and sludge high-temperature aerobic fermentation process thereof
CN112624812A (en) * 2021-01-14 2021-04-09 北京工商大学 Small kitchen waste on-site fertilizing equipment
CN114538980A (en) * 2022-04-27 2022-05-27 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 Multilayer box type aerobic fermentation equipment and fermentation method

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104003767A (en) * 2014-06-11 2014-08-27 中国科学院城市环境研究所 Kitchen waste aerobic fermentation equipment with capability of rapid drying
CN104492789A (en) * 2014-12-18 2015-04-08 沈阳工业大学 Biodegradable waste processor and method for producing mycoprotein by using same
CN104492789B (en) * 2014-12-18 2017-02-22 沈阳工业大学 Biodegradable waste processor and method for producing mycoprotein by using same
CN106316473A (en) * 2016-10-18 2017-01-11 福建晋江聚旺印染机械有限公司 Organic refuse thermal catalytic machine
CN110452031A (en) * 2019-09-23 2019-11-15 上海洁鹿环保科技有限公司 Remaining meal rubbish processing equipment
CN110938525A (en) * 2019-11-25 2020-03-31 武汉科技大学 Organic matter fermenting device
CN110938525B (en) * 2019-11-25 2024-01-30 武汉科技大学 Organic matter fermenting installation
CN111348944A (en) * 2020-03-12 2020-06-30 上海统净环保科技有限公司 Electromagnetic dehumidification biochemical treatment system and treatment method for wet garbage
CN112409045A (en) * 2020-12-15 2021-02-26 江苏拓森环保设备工程有限公司 Tower-type gravity composting equipment and sludge high-temperature aerobic fermentation process thereof
CN112409045B (en) * 2020-12-15 2024-02-23 江苏拓森环保设备工程有限公司 Tower type gravity composting equipment and high-temperature aerobic fermentation process for sludge thereof
CN112624812A (en) * 2021-01-14 2021-04-09 北京工商大学 Small kitchen waste on-site fertilizing equipment
CN114538980A (en) * 2022-04-27 2022-05-27 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 Multilayer box type aerobic fermentation equipment and fermentation method

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