CN202936287U - Back-washing combined farmland non-point source pollution intercepting and purifying system - Google Patents
Back-washing combined farmland non-point source pollution intercepting and purifying system Download PDFInfo
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- CN202936287U CN202936287U CN2012206424460U CN201220642446U CN202936287U CN 202936287 U CN202936287 U CN 202936287U CN 2012206424460 U CN2012206424460 U CN 2012206424460U CN 201220642446 U CN201220642446 U CN 201220642446U CN 202936287 U CN202936287 U CN 202936287U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/30—Flood prevention; Flood or storm water management, e.g. using flood barriers
Abstract
The utility model discloses a back-washing combined farmland non-point source pollution intercepting and purifying system. According to the intercepting and purifying system, structures such as a river diversion and overflow weir, back-washing vertical type fillers and ecological settling pits are constructed by virtue of beds of partial channels (riversides), emergent aquatic plants and algae are planted in a gradient manner to form a physical-plant-microbial ternary three-dimensional purifying system, hydraulic conditions in the channels (riversides) are greatly improved, the hydraulic retention time is prolonged, and farmland non-point source pollutants are effectively intercepted and settled and finally decomposed and purified in the ecological settling pits under a biological synergistic effect; and the back-washing vertical type fillers are reversely placed at set intervals so as to automatically remove clogging and continuously take an intercepting effect, so that the labor management operation is relieved, and the flood discharging of the channels (riversides) cannot be influenced by the purifying system under a large-scale rainfall runoff or flood stage condition. The intercepting and purifying systems can be connected in series to be used according to specific terrains, so that water bodies can be subjected to multistage purification.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to creek water environment treatment and restoration of the ecosystem field, particularly a kind of being applicable near being subject to the heavier irrigation canals and ditches of farmland pollution of area source (creek) to have the built-up type physics of backwashing function-biological and ecological farmland pollution of area source purification system of damming under ordinary water-level.
Background technology
In recent years, widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area has become the great water environmental problems of China, and chemical fertilizer excessive used a large amount of losses that caused the nutritive substances such as nitrogen phosphorus, causes the eutrophication of the water bodys such as lake, make it to lose the use value of producing and living, and may cause even food contamination of groundwater pollution.The pollution load of agricultural area source COD, N, P has accounted for 1/2～2/3 in the water pollution load.It is reported, in Qiantang River water pollution load, the industrial water pollution source accounts for 6.38%, domestic pollution source 15.61%, and agricultural area source accounts for 78.01%.375 kilograms/hectare of the average fertilizing standards of China's farmland chemical fertilizer, the upper safety limit of 225 kilograms/hectare arranged well beyond developed country; Fertilization Structure is unreasonable in addition, and chemical fertilizer utilization ratio is not high, causes running off after rainfall and irrigation and drainage serious, and the runoff that contains a large amount of nitrogen phosphorus nutrients directly enters Huo Hu storehouse, irrigation canals and ditches river course, aggravation storehouse, lake Eutrophic Extent.And because nitrogen phosphorus is the nutritive element of plant-growth, rolling up of Water phosphorus content, certainly will cause hypertrophy and the breeding of hydrobiont and some algae, thereby cause dissolved oxygen content in water body to descend, cause the mortality of hydrocoles and waterplant, and corrupt organism can aggravate the pollution of water body, to environment, bring great risk.
After the Taihu Lake Blue Algae Event breaks out, about the research of the ecological intercepting technology of face source, farmland runoff, seepage nutrient, rise.For a long time, experts and scholars have proposed the technology and method of numerous pollution of area source original position interceptions and restoration of the ecosystem for irrigation canals and ditches (creek) bank, irrigation canals and ditches (creek) bed and irrigation canals and ditches (creek) road water body three's different characteristics, wherein comparatively outstanding with ecology buffering bank slope, waterplant strengthening reparation, ecological permeable dam etc.Yet all exist in various degree drawback in these embodiments: on the one hand, do not use the scheme of matrix fill for buffering bank slope or other, due to the congenital defect of hydraulics, crossing water flow velocity (as rainfall runoff) in situation faster, its decontamination effect improving of interception to pollutent is poor; And for the scheme of using matrix fill, although the existence of the loose porous character of matrix fill makes the water conservancy condition greatly improve, the physical filtering adsorption also makes it to the pollutent especially interception result of particulate form pollutent, obvious lifting be arranged, but the propelling along with duration of service, granulating material will be serious gradually to the obstruction in matrix fill space, make whole decontamination effect improving reduce gradually, if can not carry out timely the labor cleaning, will be likely because thoroughly stop up and final complete failure; Simultaneously, for the interception purification system that is similar to the ecological permeable dam structure, the arrangement admission space of its filler is usually larger, and labor cleaning, management be inconvenience and poor efficiency very also.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model, be the above-mentioned defect for prior art, but provide a kind of built-up type physics that can be applicable to the back flushing of change of level-biological and ecological farmland pollution of area source purification system of damming, it by utilizing part irrigation canals and ditches (creek) but bed builds the structures such as the vertical filler of water conservancy diversion overflow weir back flushing, ecological settling pit, gradient configuration emergent and algae, form the three-dimensional purification systems of ternary of physics-plant-microorganism, in the situation that alleviate the labor management operation, effectively tackle irrigation canals and ditches (creek) upstream and next pollution substance; In large rainfall runoff or flood stage situation, this purification system does not affect irrigation canals and ditches (creek) flood passage simultaneously.
The utility model is achieved by following technical solution.
The purification system but a kind of back flushing built-up type farmland pollution of area source dams, comprise canal wall or river levee and filler, it is characterized in that, described canal wall or river levee are 40 °～60 ° along the downstream angle and locate to be provided with water conservancy diversion overflow weir 1, the 1/3-1/2 that the whole vertical current transverse projection length of water conservancy diversion overflow weir 1 is channel or channel width, thickness is 30～50cm, for skeleton construction, its elevation of weir crest is higher than channel or river course ordinary water-level 10-25cm, but not higher than large rainfall runoff water position and flood passage water level; Be provided with the ecological settling pit 4 of the first step along water conservancy diversion overflow weir 1 away from the opposite bank of the vertical range 40～60cm of canal wall or river levee one end direction, hole is 40～60cm deeply, length is 1/3～1/2 of channel or channel width, width is along water (flow) direction 40～60cm, lay the thin matter sandstone filler 6 of particle diameter 1～2mm in hole, laying depth is dark half in hole; Be provided with the ecological settling pit 5 in the second stage in the downstream of the ecological settling pit 4 of the first step, the structure of the ecological settling pit 5 in the second stage and geometrical dimension are identical with the ecological settling pit 4 of the first step; But be provided with the vertical filler A2 of back flushing between described two ecological settling pits, but the vertical filler A2 of described back flushing is cube structure, outside surface is provided with wire cloth and is fixed parcel, its length is identical with ecological settling pit length, rubble or slag that inner filling particle diameter is 2-3cm, the thickness particle diameter ratio of filler is 5～15, and gauge control is at 15～40cm, and the filler crest level is identical with water conservancy diversion overflow weir 1; But the downstream of ecological settling pit 5 is provided with the vertical filler B3 of back flushing in the second stage, but but the structure of the vertical filler B3 of back flushing is identical with the vertical filler A2 of geometrical dimension and back flushing; But the inwall that all ecological settling pits are adjacent with the vertical filler of back flushing and filler outside surface are all in same vertical guide, but ecological settling pit is close-packed arrays with the vertical filler of back flushing, and spacing is 0; But but be provided with detachable fixed link 9 between the vertical filler A2 of back flushing and the vertical filler B3 of back flushing;
Evenly be provided with the comparatively tall and big emergent of plant 7 in sandstone filler in the ecological settling pit 5 of the ecological settling pit 4 of the first step and the second stage, but but the plant top of this emergent higher than the top of the vertical filler A2 of described back flushing and the vertical filler B3 of back flushing; Also evenly be provided with heavy algae class plant 8 in sandstone filler in the ecological settling pit 5 of the ecological settling pit 4 of the first step and the second stage;
But this purification system can be comprised of the vertical filler of back flushing more than two and corresponding ecological settling pit.
This purification system adopts in actual applications along channel or river course and is used by two symmetrical series windings of above purification system, makes water body can obtain stage purification.
Described detachable fixed link 9 is the hard PVC solid spar.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: (1) but purification system by the water conservancy diversion overflow weir, upland water is concentrated and effectively to be imported the vertical packing area of ecological settling pit-back flushing, in the situation that saving material and executive cost make Geng Duoqu (river) water can effectively be purified under ordinary water-level, hydraulics is greatly improved.(2), when the pollution of area source current that carry silt enter main purifying area, the macrobead pollutent can be entered in hole by the interception of first step filler, sedimentation in the initial stage; For the small particles of pollution thing, owing to having formed relative current stabilization negative area between the two-stage filler, this just makes the settling time of particulate pollutant all extend to some extent, and then has strengthened the effect of interception; And, for the fine particle pollutent, the adsorption of filler itself can be removed it.(3) due to the existence of aquatic emergent, heavy algae class plant, make the microenvironment in ecological settling pit be tending towards aerobic environment, this not only is convenient to aerobic microbiological existence, also makes the particulate form pollutent the settled down purification that finally is decomposed under the synergy of plant-microorganism; Because ecological settling pit has Water storage, can effectively extend the hydraulic detention time of water body, this also contributes to plant-microorganism to accounting for the removal of the dissolved pollutant that gross contamination thing ratio is less simultaneously.(4) every mistake certain duration of service, but the vertical filler of back flushing is oppositely placed to use, because its inner stuffing particle diameter is large, porosity is larger, and thickness is less, therefore the upstream face before stopped up by the macrobead pollutent can oppositely be washed open by current, the labor management operation has not only been saved in this design, also makes filler filter interception function and is able to long-term efficient the maintenance.(5) purification system is utilized the horizontal place in canal (river) road, there is no too much structures, invests littlely, effective, fully in the original position purifying water body, is building unique landscape effect.(6) according to the concrete terrain in concrete canal (river) road, this purification system series winding that dams can be used, make water body can obtain stage purification.
The accompanying drawing explanation
But Fig. 1 is the back flushing built-up type farmland pollution of area source purification system floor map of damming;
But Fig. 2 is the back flushing built-up type farmland pollution of area source purification system main body purifying area diagrammatic cross-section of damming.
The utility model Reference numeral is as follows:
The vertical filler A of but 1---water conservancy diversion overflow weir 2---back flushing
The ecological settling pit of 3---but the vertical filler B 4 of back flushing---first step
5---the ecological settling pit 6 in the second stage---thin matter sandstone filler
7---emergents 8---are sunk algae class plant
9---detachable fixed link
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is done and is further described.
But the purification system floor map of damming that Fig. 1 is back flushing built-up type farmland pollution of area source, as can be seen from Figure, be 40 °～60 ° along canal wall or river levee downstream angle and locate to be provided with water conservancy diversion overflow weir 1, the 1/3-1/2 that the whole vertical current transverse projection length of water conservancy diversion overflow weir 1 is channel or channel width, thickness is 30～50cm; Be provided with the ecological settling pit 4 of the first step along water conservancy diversion overflow weir 1 away from the opposite bank of the vertical range 40～60cm of canal wall or river levee one end direction, be provided with the ecological settling pit 5 in the second stage in the downstream of the ecological settling pit 4 of the first step, the structure of the ecological settling pit 5 in the second stage and geometrical dimension are identical with the ecological settling pit 4 of the first step; But be provided with the vertical filler A2 of back flushing between described two settling pits, its length is 1/3～1/2 of channel or channel width, thickness is that the ecological settling pit spacing of 15～40cm(two is identical with its thickness, with the vertical filler A2 of back flushing, is 0 distance); But the downstream of ecological settling pit 5 is provided with the vertical filler B3 of back flushing in the second stage, but but the structure of the vertical filler B3 of back flushing is identical with the vertical filler A2 of geometrical dimension and back flushing, with second stage ecology settling pit 5 be 0 distance; But but be provided with detachable fixed link 9 between the vertical filler A2 of back flushing and the vertical filler B3 of back flushing.This purification system adopts in actual applications along channel or river course and is used by two symmetrical series windings of above purification system, makes water body can obtain stage purification.
But the purification system main body purifying area diagrammatic cross-section of damming that Fig. 2 is back flushing built-up type farmland pollution of area source, can find out, the elevation of weir crest of water conservancy diversion overflow weir 1 is higher than channel or river course ordinary water-level, lay the thin matter sandstone filler 6 of particle diameter 1～2mm in the hole of the ecological settling pit 5 of the ecological settling pit 4 of the first step and the second stage, laying depth is for cheating dark half; The structure of two ecological settling pits is identical with geometrical dimension; Evenly be provided with the comparatively tall and big emergent of plant 7 in sandstone filler in the ecological settling pit 5 of the ecological settling pit 4 of the first step and the second stage, but but the plant top of this emergent higher than the top of the vertical filler A2 of described back flushing and the vertical filler B3 of back flushing; Also evenly be provided with heavy algae class plant 8 in sandstone filler in the ecological settling pit 5 of the ecological settling pit 4 of the first step and the second stage.
While implementing the utility model, at first, in the irrigation canals and ditches upstream and downstream of planning to build this purification system position, cofferdam is set, extracts the water body in cofferdam.Then, on the basis of cleaning mud, structure water conservancy diversion overflow weir 1 and excavate the ecological settling pit 4 of the first step and the ecological settling pit of the ecological settling pit 5, two in the second stage between spacing be reserved as 20cm; One end of water conservancy diversion overflow weir 1 is connected with the canal bank of irrigation canals and ditches one side, and its integral body is 45 ° with the ditch water flow direction, and the other end points to the ecological settling pit 4 of the first step, and elevation of weir crest is higher than irrigation canals and ditches ordinary water-level 10cm left and right.In every cover purification system, ecological settling pit quantity is set to 2, and length is set to half of irrigation canals and ditches width, degree of depth 60cm, width 50cm.But be provided with the vertical filler A2 of back flushing between two ecological settling pits, but being provided with the ecological settling pit 5 of the vertical filler B3(of back flushing and the second stage in the downstream of second stage ecology settling pit 5 is 0 distance), but but the structure of the vertical filler B3 of back flushing is identical with the vertical filler A2 of geometrical dimension and back flushing; The filler crest level is consistent with water conservancy diversion overflow weir 1 elevation of weir crest, length be the irrigation canals and ditches width half, thickness is that the ecological settling pit spacing of 20cm(two is identical with its thickness, with the vertical filler A2 of back flushing, is 0 distance), the slag of close packing median size 2cm left and right in metal net mask.But but be provided with detachable fixed link 9 between the vertical filler A2 of back flushing and the vertical filler B3 of back flushing, for being connected and fixed, also can additionally increase the quantity of detachable fixed link 9.
At the in-built thin matter sandstone filler 6 of filling and leading up equal particle diameter 2mm left and right of the ecological settling pit 5 of the ecological settling pit 4 of the first step and the second stage, bed thickness is the 30cm left and right, and evenly cultivate one or more local advantage emergents 7 and heavy algae class plant 8, but emergent 7 tops should be higher than the filler top of the vertical filler of back flushing.
In addition, according to the concrete terrain of concrete irrigation canals and ditches, two symmetrical series windings of above purification system are used, make water body can access multi-stage filtration purifying.
Every one period duration of service, but the vertical filler of back flushing is exchanged once along two sides, water (flow) direction front and back, can under the flushing of current, the silt or the macrobead pollutent that stop up in previous upstream face hole be impacted and come off voluntarily, to realize repeatedly using, reducing the purpose of labor management operation.
The structure of the purification system of damming of the present utility model, not only can guarantee that under ordinary water-level, water body obtains full section purification, the normal draining flood discharge function that does not hinder heavy rain amount phase irrigation canals and ditches, river course simultaneously.
Claims (4)
1. but the back flushing built-up type farmland pollution of area source purification system of damming, comprise canal wall or river levee and filler, it is characterized in that, described canal wall or river levee are 40 °～60 ° along the downstream angle and locate to be provided with water conservancy diversion overflow weir (1), the 1/3-1/2 that the whole vertical current transverse projection length of water conservancy diversion overflow weir (1) is channel or channel width, thickness is 30～50cm, for skeleton construction, its elevation of weir crest is higher than channel or river course ordinary water-level 10-25cm, but not higher than large rainfall runoff water position and flood passage water level; Be provided with the ecological settling pit (4) of the first step along water conservancy diversion overflow weir (1) away from the opposite bank of the vertical range 40～60cm of canal wall or river levee one end direction, hole is 40～60cm deeply, length is 1/3～1/2 of channel or channel width, width is along water (flow) direction 40～60cm, lay the thin matter sandstone filler (6) of particle diameter 1～2mm in hole, laying depth is dark half in hole; Be provided with the ecological settling pit (5) in the second stage in the downstream of the ecological settling pit of the first step (4), the structure of the ecological settling pit in the second stage (5) and geometrical dimension are identical with the ecological settling pit of the first step (4); But be provided with the vertical filler A(2 of back flushing between described two ecological settling pits), but be the vertical filler A(2 of described back flushing) cube structure, outside surface is provided with wire cloth and is fixed parcel, its length is identical with ecological settling pit length, rubble or slag that inner filling particle diameter is 2-3cm, the thickness particle diameter ratio of filler is 5～15, and gauge control is at 15～40cm, and the filler crest level is identical with water conservancy diversion overflow weir (1); The ecological settling pit (5) in the second stage but downstream be provided with the vertical filler B(3 of back flushing), but the vertical filler B(3 of back flushing) but structure and geometrical dimension and the vertical filler A(2 of back flushing) identical; But the inwall that all ecological settling pits are adjacent with the vertical filler of back flushing and filler outside surface are all in same vertical guide, but ecological settling pit is close-packed arrays with the vertical filler of back flushing, and spacing is 0; But at the vertical filler A(2 of back flushing) but and the vertical filler B(3 of back flushing) between be provided with detachable fixed link (9);
Evenly be provided with the comparatively tall and big emergent of plant (7) in sandstone filler in the ecological settling pit (4) of the first step and second stage ecology settling pit (5), but the plant top of this emergent is higher than the vertical filler A(2 of described back flushing) but and the vertical filler B(3 of back flushing) top; Also evenly be provided with heavy algae class plant (8) in sandstone filler in the ecological settling pit (4) of the first step and the ecological settling pit in the second stage (5).
2. but according to a kind of back flushing built-up type farmland pollution of area source of claim 1 purification system of damming, it is characterized in that, but this purification system can be comprised of the vertical filler of back flushing more than two and corresponding ecological settling pit.
3. but according to a kind of back flushing built-up type farmland pollution of area source of claim 1 purification system of damming, it is characterized in that, this purification system adopts in actual applications along channel or river course and is used by two symmetrical series windings of above purification system, makes water body can obtain stage purification.
4. but according to a kind of back flushing built-up type farmland pollution of area source of claim 1 purification system of damming, it is characterized in that, described detachable fixed link (9) is the hard PVC solid spar.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012206424460U CN202936287U (en) | 2012-11-27 | 2012-11-27 | Back-washing combined farmland non-point source pollution intercepting and purifying system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012206424460U CN202936287U (en) | 2012-11-27 | 2012-11-27 | Back-washing combined farmland non-point source pollution intercepting and purifying system |
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| CN202936287U true CN202936287U (en) | 2013-05-15 |
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| CN2012206424460U Expired - Fee Related CN202936287U (en) | 2012-11-27 | 2012-11-27 | Back-washing combined farmland non-point source pollution intercepting and purifying system |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103011497A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2013-04-03 | 天津大学 | Backwash combination type farmland non-point source pollution cut-off purification system |
| CN105064302A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-11-18 | 广东省生态环境与土壤研究所 | Field channel construction method for cutting down soil nitrogen and phosphorous runoff and field channel system |
| CN106115941A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-11-16 | 扬州大学 | A kind of rice field runoff regulation intercepts with nitrogen phosphorus diafiltration and removes filtration system and application process thereof |
| CN108483670A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-09-04 | 上海市农业科学院 | A kind of stage farmland hard Demonstration for Ecological Sanitation canal |
-
2012
- 2012-11-27 CN CN2012206424460U patent/CN202936287U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103011497A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2013-04-03 | 天津大学 | Backwash combination type farmland non-point source pollution cut-off purification system |
| CN105064302A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-11-18 | 广东省生态环境与土壤研究所 | Field channel construction method for cutting down soil nitrogen and phosphorous runoff and field channel system |
| CN106115941A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-11-16 | 扬州大学 | A kind of rice field runoff regulation intercepts with nitrogen phosphorus diafiltration and removes filtration system and application process thereof |
| CN108483670A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-09-04 | 上海市农业科学院 | A kind of stage farmland hard Demonstration for Ecological Sanitation canal |
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Granted publication date: 20130515 Termination date: 20131127 |