CN103803760A - Wet land purification system with serially-connected rice field drainage ditches in irrigated area - Google Patents
Wet land purification system with serially-connected rice field drainage ditches in irrigated area Download PDFInfo
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- CN103803760A CN103803760A CN201410036964.1A CN201410036964A CN103803760A CN 103803760 A CN103803760 A CN 103803760A CN 201410036964 A CN201410036964 A CN 201410036964A CN 103803760 A CN103803760 A CN 103803760A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a wet land purification system with serially-connected rice field drainage ditches in an irrigated area. The wet land purification system comprises an irrigating channel, a rice field, a drainage ditch and wet land purification pools, wherein a water inlet and a water outlet of the rice field are arranged on the diagonal line of the rice field, a wet land purification pool I is arranged at the node of a rice field ridge below the water outlet and the drainage ditch, and so repeatedly, the wet land purification pool I is arranged below the water outlet of each rice field, the wet land purification pools are serially connected to form the wet land purification system with pearly-chain type serially-connected rice field drainage ditches in the irrigated area; irrigation water guided by the irrigating channel enters the rice field and then enters the drainage ditch, water body at the end of the drainage ditch is the same as the adjacent water body, the discharged farmland waste water is discharged to the adjacent water body after the farmland waste water is purified step by step. The wet land purification system has the advantages that poisonous and harmful substances such as organic matters, heavy metals, chemical fertilizers and pesticide residues and the like and the nutrient elements such as N, P and the like in the farmland waste water can be effectively removed under a condition that the water delivery of the drainage ditch is kept, and the deterioration of water quality of adjacent receiving water area is avoided.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is the clean dirty system of a kind of irrigated area drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland, belongs to farmland drainage ditch and farmland water body purification and restoration of the ecosystem field.
Technical background
Along with the point-source pollution such as industrial pollution, town domestic sewage obtains progressively administering and controlling by measures such as sewage works, widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area highlights day by day.The nutritive substance such as nitrogen, phosphorus inflow stream lake in agricultural surface runoff causes the farmland pollution of area source of body eutrophication to become the primary pollution source in Hu Deng waters, river.As large agricultural country, large and the irrigation water use of China's farmland fertilization amount is well imagined greatly, it is not very high adding the effective rate of utilization of chemical fertilizer and the utilization ratio of irrigation water, and this will cause a large amount of rural sewages to enter closing on water body, cause water body water environment degradation.Widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area has become one of primary pollution source of China's water surrounding, and the farmland pollution of area source that wherein farmland drainage causes is occupied an leading position again in widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area source, and therefore handling farmland pollution of area source well becomes the key of Control the Plan Pollution Sources.How to control important water bodys such as solving widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area harm lake, river, a lot of scholars have proposed multiple ecological engineering technology, mainly comprise wetland engineering, shore bank buffer strip control techniques, artificial many pools technology and ecological canal purification techniques etc.But former three ecological engineering technology, all will take very large land resources, and based on the national conditions of China, most of areas can not be applied, and are difficult to popularize.
Therefore, many scholar's research have been inquired into the effect of agriculture drainage ditch.Escape canal is extensively present among farmland, is the important water conservancy projects of agriculture production, have and plan as a whole the water conservancy function of farmland drainage and the effect of ecological functions, but natural irrigation canals and ditches decontamination effect improving is undesirable, and improved ecological canal has good decontamination effect improving.Ecological canal refers to have certain width and the degree of depth, by water, soil and biotic component, has self unique texture and brings into play the farmland ditch of corresponding ecological functions, can the water-break of high-efficient purification farmland.
There is Patents.As number of patent application 201110142588.0 discloses a kind of for tackling the antiscour type ecological canal of phosphorus loss, furrow bank is laid with cement block, P-fixing medium and soil mixture are overlying on to prefabricated section, rubble earthing is again laid in bottom, planting plants on furrow bank and bottom, and each certain distance arranges cement interception dam on trunk canal.As application number 201210456740.7 discloses a kind of pollution control discharge-reducing method of farmland drainage, to solidify after bank protection, the upper hygrophyte on slope, plants planting submerged plant in ditch, subsection setup altitude valve in ditch, waterways arranges shunting valve.As the patent No. 201320020861.7 discloses a kind of farmland pollution of area source staged undercurrent Ba Shengtaijinghuagou, furrow bank and bottom of trench arrange impermeable building block planting plants, are provided with catching sheet and undercurrent dam in ditch.Although these patents can effectively purify face source, farmland sewage, furrow bank bottom of trench solidifies, lays building block etc. needs extensive work amount, and covers with plant at furrow bank bottom of trench and obviously affected the drainability of irrigation canals and ditches, has lost the most important function in waterways.As the patent No. 200910104687.2 discloses the sewage in-situ purification system that utilizes escape canal, escape canal is longitudinally divided into processes canal and by-pass channel, and water is purified through settling pit, contact-oxidation pool, artificial swamp pond and settling tank successively.Although sewage is purified, a large amount of infrastructure projects and construction complexity and soil restriction, be difficult to apply.At present, little, the on-the-spot installation of workload is convenient, and is not affecting under irrigation canals and ditches drain function prerequisite, and the clean dirty system of irrigation canals and ditches with purification function is actually rare.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes the clean dirty system of a kind of irrigated area drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland, be intended to overcome the defect of the above-mentioned ecological canal of mentioning, integrate construction install convenience, energy widespread use, have normal drain function and the Demonstration for Ecological Sanitation sewerage that can effectively purify farmland water-break.
Technical solution of the present invention: the clean dirty system of irrigated area drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland, its structure comprises the canal of pouring water, rice field, waterways (containing the clean dirty pond of wetland), wherein rice field water-in and withdrawal nozzle are arranged in clinodiagonal, below withdrawal nozzle, rice field ridge and waterways Nodes arrange the clean dirty pond of wetland, so repeatedly, the clean dirty pond of wetland is set below every rice field withdrawal nozzle, plural serial stage application, form the clean dirty system of " pearl chain " formula irrigated area drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland, irrigation water enters rice field district by the canal guiding of pouring water and enters waterways again, waterways end is identical with contiguous water body, the farmland water-break of discharging after purifying step by step, enter and close on water body.
Advantage of the present invention: (1) the present invention process at drainage ditch of rice field Nodes, does not affect the normal drain function in waterways, also normally draining between flooding period.At the bottom of adsorbing base ball is placed into pond, be no more than bottom, waterways, at the bottom of submerged plant is positioned at pond, clean dirty pond, emergent is planted in right amount, thereby does not lose drain function in having purification function.(2) treatment effect of the present invention is good, can effectively remove organism, heavy metal, the residual body thing of agricultural chemicals, the nutritive elements such as nitrogen phosphorus.Current detour can increase the residence time, increases sedimentation effect; In the time that current are flowed through rubble cage permeable wall, can make on the one hand the microbial film performance maximum effect on the each surface of gabion, interception suspended substance, assimilation organism etc., on the other hand, thoroughly wall water body with stream water body and converge formation cross-flow, water body is fully exchanged, do not have dead angle; Bottom adsorbing base adsorption fouling material in a large number; Waterplant also can be tackled assimilation pollution substance.(3) drain discharge size does not affect treatment process of the present invention.In the large flow period, water can be smoothly by clean dirty pond and be purified; In the time of low discharge, water can be held in clean dirty pond, is purified.(4) the convenient and easy promotion and implementation of construction and installation of the present invention.Do not need a large amount of infrastructure projects, construction install convenience, can widespread use in farmland, and plural serial stage application can improve bulk treatment effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 2 is the clean dirty pond of wetland floor map.
Accompanying drawing 3 is the clean dirty pond of wetland diagrammatic cross-sections.
Accompanying drawing 4 is the permeable barricade schematic diagram of rubble cage.
Accompanying drawing 5 is rubble cage schematic diagram.
In figure, 1 is the clean dirty pond of wetland, the 2nd, and rubble cage revetment, the 3rd, rubble cage permeable wall, the 4th, adsorbing base ball, the 5th, submerged plant, the 6th, emergent, the 7th, rubble cage, the 8th, rubble, the 9th, soil.
Embodiment
Contrast Fig. 1, the clean dirty system of irrigated area drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland, its structure comprises the canal of pouring water, rice field, waterways (containing the clean dirty pond of wetland), wherein rice field water-in and withdrawal nozzle are arranged in clinodiagonal, below withdrawal nozzle, rice field ridge and waterways Nodes arrange the clean dirty pond 1 of wetland, so repeatedly, the clean dirty pond 1 of wetland is set below every rice field withdrawal nozzle, plural serial stage application, form the clean dirty system of " pearl chain " formula irrigated area drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland, irrigation water enters rice field district by the canal guiding of pouring water and enters waterways again, waterways end is identical with contiguous water body, the farmland water-break of discharging after purifying step by step, enter and close on water body.
Contrast Fig. 2, Fig. 3, the clean dirty pond of described wetland, its structure is that to dig radius at Nodes be waterways bottom width 1.25--1.5 cylinder doubly, circular, diameter dimension is determined by corresponding waterways, on the basis in waterways, dig again dark 300--400mm, pool wall forms with rubble cage 7 is stacked, and be built into rubble cage revetment 2 with rubble cage 7, centre and front and back in the clean dirty pond of wetland arrange the permeable barricade 3 of corresponding rubble cage, and wall top plantation emergent, fill adsorbing base planting aquatic plants in bottom, the clean dirty pond of wetland, comprise submerged plant and emergent, a current part is from front to back around the barricade clean dirty pond of wetland of flowing through, a part is directly through barricade.Permeable barricade 3 length of middle rubble cage are 0.75 times of left and right of the clean dirty pond of wetland 1 diameter, front and back barricade is arranged take the permeable barricade of middle rubble cage as rotational symmetry, with 0.5 ~ 0.6 times of diametral distance of middle barricade spacing, length is 0.5 times of diameter left and right, at the bottom of pond, plant appropriate waterplant, comprise submerged plant 5, as water caltrop, eel grass etc. and emergent 6, as arrowhead, hay grass etc.Finally at the bottom of pond, fill adsorbing base ball 4, at the bottom of filling and being highly no more than waterways.In the time being badly in need of a large amount of draining, can optionally permeable rubble cage barricade 3 be exceeded to the clean dirty pond 1 of wetland, to increase section inflow-rate of water turbine, reach the effect of timely draining.
Described adsorbing base ball 4 is smashed mixing lime-ash and charcoal, and being contained in aperture is 2mm nylon wire cloth bag, makes diameter 30mm left and right spherule, at the bottom of being dispersed in pond.Adsorbing base ball 4 has very bigger serface, has very strong adsorptive power, and in the time reaching certain adsorptive capacity, desirable trade-in, improves clean dirty ability, and old ball is cleaned up for subsequent use.
The permeable barricade 3 of described rubble cage, be formed by stacking by 350mm and 250mm rubble cage, concrete steps are, bottom is 250mm rubble cage, and interval 50mm puts, and the second layer is that put at 350mm and 250mm rubble cage interval, same interval 50mm puts, successively stack, forms permeable groin barricade successively, and in wall top planting aquatic plants.
Contrast Fig. 4, Fig. 5, the making method of the permeable barricade 3 of rubble cage, first batch making length is the rubble cage 7 of 350mm and 250mm, then stacked permeable barricade, bottom is 250mm rubble cage, interval 50mm puts, and the second layer is that put at 350mm and 250mm rubble cage interval, and same interval 50mm puts, and adjacent rubble cage is pinioned with stone dead wire while putting, successively stack, forms the permeable barricade 3 of rubble cage successively, and wall top plantation emergent 6.
Described rubble cage, is worked out by plastic steel wire, length × wide × height=250mm × 200mm × 200mm or=350mm × 200mm × 200mm, mesh is controlled at 30mm ~ 40mm, macome-scale is 50mm ~ 100mm.
Described waterplant, has submerged plant, water caltrop, eel grass; There is emergent, arrowhead, hay grass.
When system operation of the present invention, irrigation water enters rice field district by the canal guiding of pouring water and carries out normal irrigation, when draining by the time, discharge paddy field water either by each rice field withdrawal nozzle and enter waterways, the farmland water-break of the discharging clean dirty pond of wetland of flowing through step by step, after purifying step by step, finally enters and closes on water body.
Claims (8)
1. the clean dirty system of irrigated area drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland, it is characterized in that comprising the canal of pouring water, rice field, waterways, containing the clean dirty pond of wetland, wherein rice field water-in and withdrawal nozzle are arranged in clinodiagonal, below withdrawal nozzle, rice field ridge and waterways Nodes arrange the clean dirty pond of wetland, so repeatedly, the clean dirty pond of wetland is set below every rice field withdrawal nozzle, plural serial stage application, form the clean dirty system of " pearl chain " formula irrigated area drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland, irrigation water enters rice field district by the canal guiding of pouring water and enters waterways again, waterways end is identical with contiguous water body, the farmland water-break of discharging after purifying step by step, enter and close on water body.
2. the clean dirty system of irrigated area according to claim 1 drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland, it is characterized in that the described clean dirty pond of wetland, its structure is that to dig radius at Nodes be waterways bottom width 1.25--1.5 cylinder doubly, circular, diameter dimension is determined by corresponding waterways, on the basis in waterways, dig again dark 300--400mm, pool wall forms with rubble cage is stacked, and be built into rubble cage revetment with rubble cage, centre and front and back in the clean dirty pond of wetland arrange the permeable barricade of corresponding rubble cage, and wall top plantation emergent, fill adsorbing base planting aquatic plants in bottom, the clean dirty pond of wetland, comprise submerged plant and emergent, a current part is from front to back around the barricade clean dirty pond of wetland of flowing through, a part is directly through barricade.
3. the clean dirty system of irrigated area according to claim 2 drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland, it is characterized in that the described permeable barricade length of middle rubble cage is 0.75 times of the clean dirty pond of wetland diameter, front and back barricade is arranged take the permeable barricade of middle rubble cage as rotational symmetry, with 0.5 ~ 0.6 times of diametral distance of middle barricade spacing, length is 0.5 times of diameter, at the bottom of pond, plant appropriate waterplant, at the bottom of pond, fill adsorbing base ball, at the bottom of filling and being highly no more than waterways, in the time being badly in need of a large amount of draining, optionally permeable rubble cage barricade is exceeded to the clean dirty pond of wetland, to increase section inflow-rate of water turbine, reach the effect of timely draining.
4. according to the clean dirty system of irrigated area drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland described in claim 2,3, it is characterized in that the described permeable barricade of rubble cage, be formed by stacking by 350mm and 250mm rubble cage, concrete steps are that bottom is 250mm rubble cage, interval 50mm puts, the second layer is that put at 350mm and 250mm rubble cage interval, and same interval 50mm puts, successively successively stack, form permeable groin barricade, and in wall top planting aquatic plants.
5. the clean dirty system of irrigated area drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland as described in claim 2,3, it is characterized in that the making method of the described permeable barricade of rubble cage, first batch making length is the rubble cage of 350mm and 250mm, then stacked permeable barricade, bottom is 250mm rubble cage, interval 50mm puts, the second layer is that put at 350mm and 250mm rubble cage interval, same interval 50mm puts, and adjacent rubble cage is pinioned with stone dead wire while putting, successively stack, forms the permeable barricade of rubble cage successively, and wall top plantation emergent.
6. the clean dirty system of irrigated area according to claim 2 drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland, it is characterized in that described rubble cage, worked out by plastic steel wire, length × wide × height=250mm × 200mm × 200mm or=350mm × 200mm × 200mm, mesh is controlled at 30mm ~ 40mm, and macome-scale is 50mm ~ 100mm.
7. the clean dirty system of irrigated area according to claim 3 drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland, the adsorbing base ball 4 described in it is characterized in that is smashed mixing lime-ash and charcoal, and being contained in aperture is 2mm nylon wire cloth bag, makes diameter 30mm left and right spherule, at the bottom of being dispersed in pond.
8. the clean dirty system of irrigated area according to claim 2 drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland, is characterized in that described waterplant, has submerged plant, water caltrop, eel grass; There is emergent, arrowhead, hay grass.
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| CN108911424A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2018-11-30 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | A kind of farmland water-break purification irrigation canals and ditches automatically adjusting water flow |
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| CN113173645A (en) * | 2021-05-05 | 2021-07-27 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Ecological purification wetland arrangement operation method for farmland adjacent river |
| CN114232571A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-25 | 南昌工程学院 | Ecological irrigated area paddy field non-point source zero pollution treatment system |
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