CN103803760B - Wet land purification system with serially-connected rice field drainage ditches in irrigated area - Google Patents
Wet land purification system with serially-connected rice field drainage ditches in irrigated area Download PDFInfo
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- CN103803760B CN103803760B CN201410036964.1A CN201410036964A CN103803760B CN 103803760 B CN103803760 B CN 103803760B CN 201410036964 A CN201410036964 A CN 201410036964A CN 103803760 B CN103803760 B CN 103803760B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a wet land purification system with serially-connected rice field drainage ditches in an irrigated area. The wet land purification system comprises an irrigating channel, a rice field, a drainage ditch and wet land purification pools, wherein a water inlet and a water outlet of the rice field are arranged on the diagonal line of the rice field, a wet land purification pool I is arranged at the node of a rice field ridge below the water outlet and the drainage ditch, and so repeatedly, the wet land purification pool I is arranged below the water outlet of each rice field, the wet land purification pools are serially connected to form the wet land purification system with pearly-chain type serially-connected rice field drainage ditches in the irrigated area; irrigation water guided by the irrigating channel enters the rice field and then enters the drainage ditch, water body at the end of the drainage ditch is the same as the adjacent water body, the discharged farmland waste water is discharged to the adjacent water body after the farmland waste water is purified step by step. The wet land purification system has the advantages that poisonous and harmful substances such as organic matters, heavy metals, chemical fertilizers and pesticide residues and the like and the nutrient elements such as N, P and the like in the farmland waste water can be effectively removed under a condition that the water delivery of the drainage ditch is kept, and the deterioration of water quality of adjacent receiving water area is avoided.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is the clean dirty system of a kind of irrigated area drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland, belongs to farmland drainage ditch and farmland water body purification and restoration of the ecosystem field.
Technical background
Progressively being administered by measures such as sewage works along with the point-source pollution such as industrial pollution, town domestic sewage and control, widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area highlights day by day.The nutritive substance inflow stream lakes such as the nitrogen in agricultural surface runoff, phosphorus cause the agricultural non-point pollution of body eutrophication to become the primary pollution source in Hu Deng waters, river.As large agricultural country, large and the irrigation water use of China's farmland fertilization amount is well imagined greatly, the utilization ratio of the effective rate of utilization and irrigation water of adding chemical fertilizer is not very high, and this will cause a large amount of rural sewages to enter closing on water body, cause water body water environment degradation.Widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area has become one of primary pollution source of China's water surrounding, and the agricultural non-point pollution that wherein farmland drainage causes is occupied an leading position again in widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area source, therefore handles the key that agricultural non-point pollution becomes Control the Plan Pollution Sources well.How to control to solve the important water bodys such as widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area harm lake, river, a lot of scholar has proposed multiple ecological engineering technology, mainly comprises wetland engineering, Riparian Buffer Zone control techniques, artificial many pools technology and ecological canal purification techniques etc.But former three ecological engineering technology, all will take very large land resources, and based on the national conditions of China, most of area can not be applied, and is difficult to popularize.
Therefore, many scholar's research have inquired into the effect of agriculture drainage ditch.Escape canal is extensively present among farmland, is the important water conservancy projects of agriculture production, have and plan as a whole the water conservancy function of farmland drainage and the effect of ecological functions, but natural irrigation canals and ditches decontamination effect improving is undesirable, and improved ecological canal has good decontamination effect improving.Ecological canal refers to have one fixed width and the degree of depth, by water, soil and biotic component, has self unique texture and plays the farmland ditch of corresponding ecological functions, can the water-break of high-efficient purification farmland.
There is Patents.As number of patent application 201110142588.0 discloses a kind of anti-impact brush-type ecological canal for tackling phosphorus loss, furrow bank cement block is laid, P-fixing medium and soil mixture are overlying on prefabricated section, rubble earthing is again laid in bottom, planting plants on furrow bank and bottom, and each certain distance arranges cement interception dam on trunk canal.As application number 201210456740.7 discloses a kind of pollution control discharge-reducing method of farmland drainage, after solidification bank protection, the upper hygrophyte on slope, plant planting submerged plant in ditch, subsection setup altitude valve in ditch, waterways arranges shunting valve.As the patent No. 201320020861.7 discloses a kind of agricultural non-point pollution staged undercurrent dam ecological purification ditch, furrow bank and bottom of trench arrange impermeable building block and planting plants, are provided with catching sheet and undercurrent dam in ditch.Although these patents effectively can purify source, face, farmland sewage, the solidification of furrow bank bottom of trench, laying building block etc. need extensive work amount, and cover with at furrow bank bottom of trench the drainability that plant obviously have impact on irrigation canals and ditches, lose the most important function in waterways.As the patent No. 200910104687.2 discloses the sewage in-situ purification system utilizing escape canal, escape canal is longitudinally divided into process canal and by-pass channel, and water is purified through settling pit, contact-oxidation pool, artificial swamp pond and settling tank successively.Although sewage is purified, a large amount of infrastructure project and construction is complicated and soil restriction, is difficult to apply.At present, workload is little, in-site installation easy construction, and is not affecting under irrigation canals and ditches drain function prerequisite, and the clean dirty system of irrigation canals and ditches with purification function is actually rare.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes the clean dirty system of a kind of irrigated area drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland, be intended to the defect overcoming the above-mentioned ecological canal mentioned, integrate construction install convenience, energy widespread use, have proper drainage function and the Demonstration for Ecological Sanitation sewerage that effectively can purify farmland water-break.
Technical solution of the present invention: the clean dirty system of irrigated area drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland, its structure comprises canal of pouring water, rice field, waterways (containing the clean dirty pond of wetland), wherein rice field water-in and withdrawal nozzle are arranged in clinodiagonal, below withdrawal nozzle, rice field ridge and waterways Nodes arrange the clean dirty pond of wetland, so repeatedly, the clean dirty pond of wetland is set below the withdrawal nozzle of every block rice field, plural serial stage is applied, form the clean dirty system of " pearl chain " formula irrigated area drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland, irrigation water enters rice field district by canal guiding of pouring water and enters waterways again, waterways end is identical with contiguous water body, discharge farmland water-break and enter and close on water body after purification step by step.
Advantage of the present invention: (1) the present invention process at drainage ditch of rice field Nodes, does not affect waterways proper drainage function, also can proper drainage between flooding period.Adsorbing base ball is placed at the bottom of pond, is no more than bottom waterways, and submerged plant is positioned at the bottom of pond, clean dirty pond, and emergent is planted in right amount, thus does not lose drain function while having purification function.(2) treatment effect of the present invention is good, can effectively organics removal, heavy metal, the residual body thing of agricultural chemicals, the nutritive elements such as nitrogen phosphorus.Current detour can increase the residence time, increases sedimentation effect; When current flow through rubble cage permeable wall, the microbial film on each surface of gabion can be made on the one hand to play maximum effect, interception suspended substance, assimilation organism etc., on the other hand, saturating wall water body with stream water body and converge formation cross-flow, water body is fully exchanged, there is not dead angle; Bottom adsorbing base can adsorb pollutants in a large number; Waterplant also can tackle assimilation pollution substance.(3) drain discharge size does not affect treatment process of the present invention.In the large discharge period, water can be purified by clean dirty pond smoothly; When low discharge, water can store in clean dirty pond, is purified.(4) the convenient and easily promotion and implementation of construction and installation of the present invention.Do not need a large amount of infrastructure project, construction install convenience, can widespread use in farmland, and plural serial stage application can improve bulk treatment effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is the clean dirty system schematic of irrigated area drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland (3 groups of series connection are example).
Accompanying drawing 2 is wetland clean dirty pond floor map.
Accompanying drawing 3 is wetland clean dirty pond diagrammatic cross-sections.
Accompanying drawing 4 is the permeable barricade schematic diagram of rubble cage.
Accompanying drawing 5 is rubble cage schematic diagram.
In figure, 1 is the clean dirty pond of wetland, and 2 is rubble cage revetments, and 3 is rubble cage permeable walls, and 4 is adsorbing base balls, and 5 is submerged plants, and 6 is emergents, and 7 is rubble cages, and 8 is rubbles, and 9 is soil.
Embodiment
Contrast Fig. 1, the clean dirty system of irrigated area drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland, its structure comprises canal of pouring water, rice field, waterways (containing the clean dirty pond of wetland), wherein rice field water-in and withdrawal nozzle are arranged in clinodiagonal, below withdrawal nozzle, rice field ridge and waterways Nodes arrange the clean dirty pond 1 of wetland, so repeatedly, the clean dirty pond 1 of wetland is set below the withdrawal nozzle of every block rice field, plural serial stage is applied, form the clean dirty system of " pearl chain " formula irrigated area drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland, irrigation water enters rice field district by canal guiding of pouring water and enters waterways again, waterways end is identical with contiguous water body, discharge farmland water-break and enter and close on water body after purification step by step.
Contrast Fig. 2, Fig. 3, the clean dirty pond of described wetland, its structure digs at Nodes the cylinder that radius is waterways bottom width 1.25--1.5 times, circular, diameter dimension is determined by corresponding waterways, dark 300--400mm is dug on the basis in waterways again, pool wall rubble cage 7 is stacked to be formed, and be built into rubble cage revetment 2 with rubble cage 7, in the centre in the clean dirty pond of wetland and front and back, the permeable barricade 3 of corresponding rubble cage is set, and wall top plantation emergent, adsorbing base is filled and planting aquatic plants bottom the clean dirty pond of wetland, comprise submerged plant and emergent, a current part flows through the clean dirty pond of wetland around barricade from front to back, a part is directly through barricade.Middle rubble cage permeable barricade 3 length is about 0.75 times of wetland clean dirty pond 1 diameter, before and after barricade with the permeable barricade of middle rubble cage for rotational symmetry is arranged, with middle barricade spacing 0.5 ~ 0.6 times of diametral distance, length is about 0.5 times of diameter, appropriate waterplant is planted at the bottom of pond, comprise submerged plant 5, as water caltrop, eel grass etc. and emergent 6, as arrowhead, hay grass etc.Finally at the bottom of pond, fill adsorbing base ball 4, fill and be highly no more than at the bottom of waterways.When being badly in need of a large amount of draining, optionally permeable for rubble cage barricade 3 can being exceeded the clean dirty pond 1 of wetland, to increase section inflow-rate of water turbine, reaching the effect of timely draining.
Described adsorbing base ball 4 smashes mixing lime-ash and charcoal, and being contained in aperture is 2mm nylon wire cloth bag, makes diameter about 30mm spherule, is dispersed at the bottom of pond.Adsorbing base ball 4 has very bigger serface, has very strong adsorptive power, and when reaching certain adsorptive capacity, desirable trade-in, improves clean dirty ability, and old ball is cleaned up for subsequent use.
The permeable barricade 3 of described rubble cage, be formed by stacking by 350mm and 250mm rubble cage, concrete steps are, bottom is 250mm rubble cage, and interval 50mm puts, and the second layer is that 350mm and 250mm rubble cage interval is put, same interval 50mm puts, successively superpose successively, form permeable groin barricade, and in wall top planting aquatic plants.
Contrast Fig. 4, Fig. 5, the making method of the permeable barricade 3 of rubble cage, first batch making length is the rubble cage 7 of 350mm and 250mm, then stacked permeable barricade, bottom is 250mm rubble cage, interval 50mm puts, and the second layer is that 350mm and 250mm rubble cage interval is put, and same interval 50mm puts, and put while adjacent rubble cage is pinioned with stone dead wire, successively superpose successively, form the permeable barricade 3 of rubble cage, and wall top plantation emergent 6.
Described rubble cage, is worked out by plastic steel wire, length × wide × height=250mm × 200mm × 200mm or=350mm × 200mm × 200mm, and mesh controls at 30mm ~ 40mm, and macome-scale is 50mm ~ 100mm.
Described waterplant, has submerged plant, water caltrop, eel grass; There is emergent, arrowhead, hay grass.
When present system runs, irrigation water enters rice field district by canal guiding of pouring water and carries out normal irrigation, during draining by the time, discharge paddy field water either by each piece of rice field withdrawal nozzle and enter waterways, discharge farmland water-break and flow through the clean dirty pond of wetland step by step, after purification step by step, finally enter and close on water body.
Claims (6)
1. the clean dirty system of irrigated area drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland, it is characterized in that comprising canal of pouring water, rice field, waterways, containing the clean dirty pond of wetland, wherein rice field water-in and withdrawal nozzle are arranged in clinodiagonal, below withdrawal nozzle, rice field ridge and waterways Nodes arrange the clean dirty pond of wetland, so repeatedly, the clean dirty pond of wetland is set below the withdrawal nozzle of every block rice field, plural serial stage is applied, form the clean dirty system of " pearl chain " formula irrigated area drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland, irrigation water enters rice field district by canal guiding of pouring water and enters waterways again, waterways end communicates with contiguous water body, discharge farmland water-break through step by step purification after enter contiguous water body, the clean dirty pond of described wetland, its structure digs at Nodes the cylinder that radius is waterways bottom width 1.25--1.5 times, round diameter size is determined by corresponding waterways, dark 300--400mm is dug on the basis in waterways again, pool wall rubble cage is stacked to be formed, and be built into rubble cage revetment with rubble cage, in the centre in the clean dirty pond of wetland and front and back, the permeable barricade of corresponding rubble cage is set, and wall top plantation emergent, adsorbing base is filled and planting aquatic plants bottom the clean dirty pond of wetland, comprise submerged plant and emergent, a current part flows through the clean dirty pond of wetland around barricade from front to back, a part is directly through barricade.
2. the clean dirty system of irrigated area according to claim 1 drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland, it is characterized in that described middle rubble cage permeable barricade length is 0.75 times of wetland clean dirty pond diameter, before and after barricade with the permeable barricade of middle rubble cage for rotational symmetry is arranged, with middle barricade spacing 0.5 ~ 0.6 times of diametral distance, length is 0.5 times of diameter, appropriate waterplant is planted at the bottom of pond, adsorbing base ball is filled at the bottom of pond, fill and be highly no more than at the bottom of waterways, when being badly in need of a large amount of draining, optionally permeable for rubble cage barricade is exceeded the clean dirty pond of wetland, to increase section inflow-rate of water turbine, reach the effect of timely draining.
3. the clean dirty system of irrigated area as claimed in claim 1 or 2 drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland, it is characterized in that the making method of the described permeable barricade of rubble cage, first batch making length is the rubble cage of 350mm and 250mm, then stacked permeable barricade, bottom is 250mm rubble cage, interval 50mm puts, the second layer is that 350mm and 250mm rubble cage interval is put, same interval 50mm puts, and put while adjacent rubble cage is pinioned with stone dead wire, successively superpose successively, form the permeable barricade of rubble cage, and wall top plantation emergent.
4. the clean dirty system of irrigated area according to claim 1 drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland, it is characterized in that described rubble cage, worked out by plastic steel wire, length × wide × height=250mm × 200mm × 200mm or=350mm × 200mm × 200mm, mesh controls at 30mm ~ 40mm, and macome-scale is 50mm ~ 100mm.
5. the clean dirty system of irrigated area according to claim 2 drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland, it is characterized in that mixing smashed by described adsorbing base bundle of spheres lime-ash and charcoal, being contained in aperture is 2mm nylon wire cloth bag, makes diameter 30mm spherule, is dispersed at the bottom of pond.
6. the clean dirty system of irrigated area according to claim 1 drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland, is characterized in that described submerged plant has water caltrop, eel grass; Described emergent has arrowhead, hay grass.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410036964.1A CN103803760B (en) | 2014-01-26 | 2014-01-26 | Wet land purification system with serially-connected rice field drainage ditches in irrigated area |
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| CN201410036964.1A CN103803760B (en) | 2014-01-26 | 2014-01-26 | Wet land purification system with serially-connected rice field drainage ditches in irrigated area |
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| CN103803760A CN103803760A (en) | 2014-05-21 |
| CN103803760B true CN103803760B (en) | 2015-04-22 |
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| CN113173645B (en) * | 2021-05-05 | 2023-01-10 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Ecological purification wetland arrangement operation method for farmland adjacent river |
| CN114232571B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-04-25 | 南昌工程学院 | Ecological irrigated area paddy field non-point source zero pollution treatment system |
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