CN104652385A - Self-irrigating self-draining ecological type irrigated area system - Google Patents
Self-irrigating self-draining ecological type irrigated area system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104652385A CN104652385A CN201510039013.4A CN201510039013A CN104652385A CN 104652385 A CN104652385 A CN 104652385A CN 201510039013 A CN201510039013 A CN 201510039013A CN 104652385 A CN104652385 A CN 104652385A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-irrigating self-draining ecological type irrigated area system. The self-irrigating self-draining ecological type irrigated area system structurally comprises a reservoir1, an irrigating main river 2, an irrigating side steam 3, an irrigating lateral canal 4, an irrigating farm ditch 5, a water-draining farm ditch 6, a water-draining lateral canal 7, a water-draining side steam 8, a water-draining main river 9, an ecological protective slope 10, a constructed wetland 11, a flow-splitting ditch 12, a water inlet water gate 16 and a water-draining water gate 17, wherein the reservoir 1 is connected with the irrigating main river 2; the irrigating main river 2 is sequentially connected with the irrigating side steam 3, the irrigating lateral canal 4 and the irrigating farm ditch 5; the irrigating farm ditch 5 is connected with a farm field, a farm field water outlet is sequentially connected with the water-draining farm ditch 6, the water-draining lateral canal 7, the water-draining side steam 8, the flow-splitting ditch 12, the ecological protective slope 10, the water-draining main river 9 and the constructed wetland 11; the constructed wetland 11 is connected into receiving water. The self-irrigating self-draining ecological type irrigated area system has the advantages of being efficient in irrigating, water-saving, effective in controlling surface source pollution, self-irrigating and self-draining, space-saving, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to and a kind of reach from filling with from arranging object based on irrigated area topographical features irrigation drainage channel of making rational planning for, what effectively can control irrigated area agricultural non-point pollution arranges Ecological Irrigation District system from filling with simultaneously certainly, belongs to field irrigation and agricultural non-point pollution control technology field.
Background technology
The existing irrigating facility major part of China is built in the fifties to the seventies, and many engineerings have only built head works and Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches canal, the following channel of branch canal and building incomplete.Through Long-Time Service, the engineering of 1/3 and ageing equipment is about had to damage.Owing to not matching uncontrollable water, can only flood to be unrestrained irrigates, irrigation efficiency is low, and water resource waste is serious.Simultaneously, because irrigated area construction turns to target so that project benefit is maximum all the time, pay attention to not to local area ecological and environment, in addition global extreme climate impact, the outstanding problem of a series of restriction irrigated areas Sustainable Development in Futures such as the reduction of irrigated area water environment degradation, assessing index, agricultural non-point pollution, bio-diversity, ecosystem destruction continues to bring out.Wherein irrigated area agricultural non-point pollution is one of most distinct issues, a large amount of, irrationally for a long time in agricultural production use the destruction that chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals cause ecosystem internal construction, the pollutant such as nitrogen, phosphorus, heavy metal, pesticide residue runs off and brings the pollution of surface water and groundwater water body, become China's water quality another mainly and the large pollution sources be ubiquitous.Nitrogen in agricultural drain, phosphorus nutrition material are the main causes causing receiving water body eutrophication.Directly aquatile is worked the mischief after the hazardous substancess such as the residue of heavy metal and agricultural chemicals enter water body, more seriously have some noxious materials can by food chain enrichment, make to be in the people of a food chain high position or raise poisoning.Agricultural non-point pollution has become one of ultimate challenge of China's Sustainable Development of Irrigation Area.The good ecosystem is the basis of irrigated area productivity dynamics; therefore; under the background of global warming and crisis in food, irrigated area must be developed to bearing Ensuring Food Safety, water supply security, service water-saving society establishment and the multitask such as Water ecoenvironment, Rural Landscape construction by single production function.
At present reach and there is not yet report based on irrigated area topographical features irrigation drainage channel of making rational planning for from filling with the report removing the building of irrigation works such as some pumping plants from from row's object.Control technology report for irrigated area agricultural non-point pollution is also rare, CN201410036964.1 discloses the clean dirty system of a kind of irrigated area drainage ditch of rice field series connection wetland, paddy field drainage is purified by arranging artificial swamp in the drainage ditch of rice field of irrigated area, although to a certain degree reduce agricultural non-point pollution, be the increase in gutter resistance of water drainage and take more farmland land used.To sum up, can utilize irrigated area physical features, realize irrigated area from filling with from row, can reduce irrigated area agricultural non-point pollution again, the irrigated area system constructing technology not taking more farmlands land used there is not yet report.
Summary of the invention
What the present invention proposed is a kind of from filling with from row Ecological Irrigation District system, its object: higher for water source in irrigation district ground water level, the region, farmland of the overall high low-lying feature on one side on one side of physical features and agricultural non-point pollution serious problems, propose a kind of based on irrigated area topographical features, irrigation drainage channel of making rational planning for realizes irrigated area and certainly fills with from arranging target, realizes the row Ecological Irrigation District system constructing technology certainly of filling certainly that irrigated area agricultural non-point pollution effectively controls simultaneously.
Technical solution of the present invention: from filling with from row Ecological Irrigation District system, its structure comprises reservoir, irrigate dry river, irrigate a river, irrigate lateral canal, irrigate farm ditch, sub lateral drainage ditch, draining lateral canal, river is propped up in draining, draining dry river, ecological revetment, artificial swamp, shunting ditch, water inlet sluice, draining sluice, wherein reservoir connects irrigation dry river, irrigate dry river and connect an irrigation river successively, irrigate lateral canal, irrigate farm ditch, irrigate farm ditch and connect farmland, agricultural drain mouth connects sub lateral drainage ditch successively, draining lateral canal, river is propped up in draining, shunting ditch, ecological revetment, draining dry river, artificial swamp, artificial swamp access receiving water body.
Advantage of the present invention:
1) irrigate efficiently, using water wisely.Filling be drained through journey by " dry, bucket, agriculture " the supporting and Anti-seeping technology of the ideal of channel at different levels, improve the irrigation water using efficiency within the scope of final stage canal irrigation, thus improve irrigation efficiency on the whole, decrease the waste of water resource.
2) pollution of area source, effectively controls.Agricultural drain flows through ecological revetment through effects such as natural drop water aeration oxygenation, the purification of biological cleaning ball, Constructed Wetland For Purifyings, achieve effective removal of the pollutants such as organic matter in agricultural drain, nitrogen, phosphorus, heavy metal, residues of pesticides, improve agricultural drain water quality, agricultural non-point pollution is effectively controlled.
3) from filling with from row, save the area.According to irrigated area topographical features: water head site physical features is higher than farmland, farmland physical features is higher than agricultural drain receiving water body, farmland, whole irrigated area topographical features is higher than close draining receiving water body physical features near water head site physical features, to make rational planning for irrigation drainage channel, thus reach from filling with from arranging object, and then remove the building of irrigation works such as some pumping plants from, save farmland land used, save construction cost.Meanwhile, ecological revetment makes full use of draining dry river slope, while effectively controlling agricultural non-point pollution, and vacant more farmland land used.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 arranges schematic diagram from filling with from row Ecological Irrigation District System planes.
Accompanying drawing 2 is irrigated area draining dry river ecological revetment plane composition schematic diagrames.
Accompanying drawing 3 is irrigated area draining dry river ecological revetment cross-sectional view.
Accompanying drawing 4 is notch cuttype biological reinforced artificial swamp partial structurtes generalized sections.
In figure, 1 is reservoir, and 2 is irrigate dry river, and 3 is irrigate a river, 4 is irrigate lateral canal, and 5 is irrigate farm ditch, and 6 is sub lateral drainage ditches, 7 is draining lateral canals, and 8 is that river is propped up in draining, and 9 is draining dry rivers, 10 is ecological revetments, and 11 is artificial swamps, and 12 is shunting ditches, 13 is water plants, and 14 is biological cleaning balls, and 15 is diaphragms, 16 water inlet sluice, 17 is draining sluice.
Detailed description of the invention
From filling from row Ecological Irrigation District system, its structure comprises reservoir 1, irrigate dry river 2, irrigate a river 3, irrigate lateral canal 4, irrigate farm ditch 5, sub lateral drainage ditch 6, draining lateral canal 7, river 8 is propped up in draining, draining dry river 9, ecological revetment 10, artificial swamp 11, shunting ditch 12, water inlet sluice 16, draining sluice 17, wherein reservoir 1 connects and irrigates dry river 2, irrigate dry river 2 and connect an irrigation river 3 successively, irrigate lateral canal 4, irrigate farm ditch 5, irrigate farm ditch 5 and connect farmland, agricultural drain mouth connects sub lateral drainage ditch 6 successively, draining lateral canal 7, river 8 is propped up in draining, shunting ditch 12, ecological revetment 10, draining dry river 9, artificial swamp 11, artificial swamp 11 accesses receiving water body.
Described ecology is protected 10 and is positioned at draining dry river 9 slope place.
Ecological revetment 10, its structure comprises shunting ditch 12 and three grades of biological reinforced artificial swamps of notch cuttype; Its operational process: agricultural drain is propped up river 8 from draining and flowed out, flow into shunting ditch 12, agricultural drain is evenly distributed to draining dry river 8 side by shunting ditch 12, and then flow into the biological reinforced artificial swamp of first order notch cuttype, then flow through following two-stage step by step, after its purification, agricultural drain flows into draining dry river 9, after draining dry river 9 end artificial swamp 11 further purification, finally flow into receiving water body.
Described shunting ditch 12 near side, farmland bank protection higher than near the bank protection of draining dry river side so that let out under agricultural drain and prevent agricultural drain from flowing backwards.
The biological reinforced artificial swamp of described notch cuttype, comprise water plant 13, biological cleaning ball 14, diaphragm 15, wherein biological cleaning ball 14 is fixed on water plant 13 inside, diaphragm 15 is by the guide functions to agricultural drain, make its biofilm contact fully in biological cleaning ball, thus realize biological reinforced process.
The effects such as described agricultural drain is purified by nature drop water aeration oxygenation, biological cleaning ball 14, Constructed Wetland For Purifying, realize the removal of the pollutants such as organic matter in agricultural drain, nitrogen, phosphorus, heavy metal, residues of pesticides, thus effectively control agricultural non-point pollution.
Technical scheme of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Contrast Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, chief component comprises reservoir 1, irrigates dry river 2, irrigates river 3, irrigates lateral canal 4, irrigates farm ditch 5, river 8, draining dry river 9, ecological revetment 10, artificial swamp 11, shunting ditch 12, water inlet sluice 16, draining sluice 17 etc. are propped up in sub lateral drainage ditch 6, draining lateral canal 7, draining.The irrigated area topographical features that the present invention relates to: reservoir 1 physical features is higher than farmland, and farmland physical features is higher than agricultural drain receiving water body, and irrigated area topographical features is made rational planning for irrigation drainage channel, as shown in Figure 1, thus reaches from filling with from arranging object.Concrete filling drainage journey is as follows: when farmland, irrigated area needs to irrigate, open and irrigate dry river 2 and to intake sluice 16, current flow out to enter from the reservoir 1 that physical features is higher irrigates dry river 2, then flows through successively and irrigates a river 3, irrigates lateral canal 4, irrigates farm ditch 5, finally flow into farmland, complete field irrigation process; When farmland needs draining, open draining and prop up river 8 end draining sluice 16, agricultural drain flows through sub lateral drainage ditch 6 successively, river 8 is propped up in draining lateral canal 7, draining, shunting ditch 12, ecological revetment 10, draining dry river 9, artificial swamp 11, finally flows into receiving water body, completes agricultural drain process.
Contrast Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the ecology that the present invention relates to is protected 10 and is positioned at draining dry river 9 slope place.Ecological revetment 10 primary structure comprises shunting ditch 12 and three grades of biological reinforced artificial swamps of notch cuttype.Contrast Fig. 4, shunts ditch 12 near side, farmland bank protection higher than the bank protection near draining dry river side, so that let out under agricultural drain and prevent agricultural drain from flowing backwards.The main operational process of ecological revetment: agricultural drain is propped up river 8 from draining and flowed out, flow into shunting ditch 12, agricultural drain is evenly distributed to draining dry river 8 side by shunting ditch 12, and then flow into the biological reinforced artificial swamp of first order notch cuttype, then flow through following two-stage step by step, after its purification, agricultural drain flows into draining dry river 9, after draining dry river 9 end artificial swamp 11 further purification, finally flows into receiving water body.
Contrast Fig. 4, the biological reinforced artificial swamp of notch cuttype is primarily of formations such as water plant 13, biological cleaning ball 14, diaphragms 15, it is inner that biological cleaning ball 13 is fixed on water plant 13, diaphragm 15 is by the guide functions to agricultural drain, make its biofilm contact fully in biological cleaning ball, thus realize biological reinforced process.The effects such as agricultural drain is purified by nature drop water aeration oxygenation, biological cleaning ball 14, Constructed Wetland For Purifying, realize the removal of the pollutants such as organic matter in agricultural drain, nitrogen, phosphorus, heavy metal, residues of pesticides, thus effectively control agricultural non-point pollution.
When farmland, irrigated area needs to irrigate, open and irrigate dry river water inlet sluice, current flow out from the reservoir that physical features is higher and enter irrigation dry river, then flow through successively and irrigate a river, irrigate lateral canal, irrigate farm ditch, finally flow into farmland, complete field irrigation flow process; When farmland, irrigated area needs draining, open draining and prop up river end draining sluice, agricultural drain flows through sub lateral drainage ditch successively, river is propped up in draining lateral canal, draining, shunting ditch, ecological revetment, draining dry river, artificial swamp, finally flows into receiving water body, completes agricultural drain process.Fill be drained through journey by the ideal of channel at different levels supporting and Anti-seeping technology, improve the irrigation water using efficiency within the scope of final stage canal irrigation, thus improve irrigation efficiency on the whole, decrease the waste of water resource.
Ecological revetment is positioned at draining dry river slope place, and when there is agricultural drain draining dry river both sides, draining dry river sloped sides all arranges ecological revetment, and when draining dry river only has side to have an agricultural drain, the side only accepting agricultural drain at dry river arranges ecological revetment.
Claims (6)
1. from filling with from row Ecological Irrigation District system, it is characterized in that comprising reservoir, irrigate dry river, irrigate a river, irrigate lateral canal, irrigate farm ditch, sub lateral drainage ditch, draining lateral canal, river is propped up in draining, draining dry river, ecological revetment, artificial swamp, shunting ditch, water inlet sluice, draining sluice, wherein reservoir connects irrigation dry river, irrigate dry river and connect an irrigation river successively, irrigate lateral canal, irrigate farm ditch, irrigate farm ditch and connect farmland, agricultural drain mouth connects sub lateral drainage ditch successively, draining lateral canal, river is propped up in draining, shunting ditch, ecological revetment, draining dry river, artificial swamp, artificial swamp access receiving water body.
2. according to claim 1 from filling with from row Ecological Irrigation District system, it is characterized in that described ecology is protected and be positioned at draining dry river slope place.
3. according to claim 1 from filling with from row Ecological Irrigation District system, it is characterized in that described ecological revetment, its structure comprises shunting ditch and three grades of biological reinforced artificial swamps of notch cuttype; Its operational process: agricultural drain goes out from draining Zhi Heliu, flow into shunting ditch, agricultural drain is evenly distributed to draining dry river side by shunting ditch, and then flow into the biological reinforced artificial swamp of first order notch cuttype, then flow through following two-stage step by step, after its purification, agricultural drain flows into draining dry river, after draining dry river end artificial swamp purifies further, finally flow into receiving water body.
4. according to claim 3 from filling with from row Ecological Irrigation District system, it is characterized in that described shunting ditch near side, farmland bank protection higher than the bank protection near draining dry river side, so that let out under agricultural drain and prevent agricultural drain from flowing backwards.
5. according to claim 3 from filling with from row Ecological Irrigation District system, it is characterized in that the biological reinforced artificial swamp of described notch cuttype, comprise water plant, biological cleaning ball, diaphragm, wherein biological cleaning ball is fixed on water plant inside, diaphragm is by the guide functions to agricultural drain, make its biofilm contact fully in biological cleaning ball, thus realize biological reinforced process.
6. according to claim 3 from filling with from row Ecological Irrigation District system, it is characterized in that described agricultural drain is by effects such as nature drop water aeration oxygenation, the purification of biological cleaning ball, Constructed Wetland For Purifyings, realize the removal of organic matter in agricultural drain, nitrogen, phosphorus, heavy metal, pesticide residual contamination material, thus effectively control agricultural non-point pollution.
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| CN201510039013.4A CN104652385A (en) | 2015-01-27 | 2015-01-27 | Self-irrigating self-draining ecological type irrigated area system |
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| CN201510039013.4A CN104652385A (en) | 2015-01-27 | 2015-01-27 | Self-irrigating self-draining ecological type irrigated area system |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN105507222A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-04-20 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Irrigation area canal system suitable for water culture of Tibetan region |
| CN106020295A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2016-10-12 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Intelligently controlled farmland non-point source wetland purification system and control method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106020295A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2016-10-12 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Intelligently controlled farmland non-point source wetland purification system and control method thereof |
| CN106020295B (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2018-01-16 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Intelligent control farmland face source wetland purification system and control method |
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Application publication date: 20150527 |