CN109319933A - A kind of farmland water pollution control and reclaiming system and its operating method - Google Patents
A kind of farmland water pollution control and reclaiming system and its operating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109319933A CN109319933A CN201811090871.1A CN201811090871A CN109319933A CN 109319933 A CN109319933 A CN 109319933A CN 201811090871 A CN201811090871 A CN 201811090871A CN 109319933 A CN109319933 A CN 109319933A
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- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 217
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 217
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- -1 nitrogen phosphorus Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003020 moisturizing Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 238000011068 load Methods 0.000 description 10
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 7
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000009754 grape Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000012333 grape Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000000887 Face Anatomy 0.000 description 2
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- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002965 rope Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000700 tracer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000007542 Cichorium intybus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 Feces Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 241000209082 Lolium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000237502 Ostreidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000004371 Panax ginseng Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000805 Polyaspartic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000002186 Septum of Brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 240000008529 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005035 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000749 insecticidal Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000014075 nitrogen utilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020636 oyster Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008979 phosphorus utilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001131 transforming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZJHHPAUQMCHPRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O.NC(N)=O ZJHHPAUQMCHPRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 wheat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of farmland water pollution control and reclaiming system and its operating methods, the system includes sequentially connected water inlet system, primary purifying system and cleansing and recycling system and farmland, and the output end of cleansing and recycling system and the input terminal of water inlet system connect.Water inlet system is arranged in the side in farmland, and cleansing and recycling system is oppositely disposed with water inlet system；Primary purifying system is arranged in the two sides in farmland.Water source enters farmland by water inlet system, uses for crop irrigation, applies chemical fertilizer and pesticide in crop growth stage；Unemployed agricultural area source flows into primary purifying system purification；Water outlet enters cleansing and recycling system, and agricultural area source is further purified in purification ditch and is back to water inlet system and reuses.Farmland reusing rate of the present invention is high, and nitrogen, phosphorus face source stream are lost less, and nitrogen, phosphorus in the water of farmland are made full use of, and reduces disposal of pollutants.Small investment, operating cost are at low cost；Technological operation is simple, high treating effect, ecological environment benefit are good.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental protection and water remediation fields, and in particular to a kind of farmland water pollution control system and its controlling party
Method.
Background technique
With Chinese society rapid development of economy, the reasonable development of agricultural land resourses, efficient utilize are current China
The main problem that agricultural production faces.A large amount of use of agriculture chemical becomes the important channel boosted agricultural yield, and utilizes
Rate is lower to cause agricultural non-point source pollution to become the main problem that agricultural production faces.Largely enter atmospheric thermodynamics and water circulating ring not by
The pesticide and chemical fertilizer that crop absorbs and utilizes, small part remain on soil, and vast resources is wasted, therefore, the environment of generation
Pollution problem is directly related to the sustainable development of agricultural society of China economy.
Currently, domestic carried out many researchs about agricultural non -point pollution control technology and related construction, packet
Include fertilizer management technology, ecological canal or the plant filter bag technology etc. of agricultural non -point pollution control.Especially for solution China
The problems such as Rural Plane Source Pollution control technology is scattered, integrated level is low, control efficiency is unstable, operating cost is higher current farmland face source
Pollution control technology mainly has Artificial Wetland Techniques, Riparian Buffer Zone control technology, ecological channel purification techniques etc..Artificial swamp
Technology and Riparian Buffer Zone control technology take up a large area because of it, it is difficult to adapt to the national conditions that China has a large population and a few land, promote and answering
A degree of limitation is received with aspect, it is especially even more serious in this limitation in the particularly thorny area of economically developed, land used.
Ecological canal is the ecological engineering technology that polluter carries out ecological intercepting in situ in a kind of pair of agriculture drainage ditch, although can be with
Preferably coordinate soil contradiction.In short, the promotion and application situation of existing non-point source pollution control technique is unsatisfactory.
Application No. is 201510512350.0 Chinese patent applications " for the compound net of arid area agricultural non-point source pollution
Change system ", the composite purification system includes: ecological canal；Biological rope, biological rope are located in ecological canal；Artificial swamp, people
Work wetland includes the first growing area, the second growing area and third growing area, and the first growing area is connected to the water outlet of ecological canal,
Third growing area has water outlet；First separator, the first separator are located between the first growing area and the second growing area, and first
Separator is equipped with the first communication port；First gate and the first pumping plant regulation device；Second separator, the second separator are located at
Between two growing areas and third growing area, the second separator is equipped with the second communication port；And second gate and the second pumping plant tune
Control device.But this method artificial swamp takes up a large area, it is big to invest, operating cost is high, reclamation rate is low.
Application No. is a kind of 201510303193.2 Chinese patent application " agricultural non -point pollution county domain rainwash total phosphorus
The prediction technique of discharge amount " propose a kind of agricultural non -point pollution county domain rainwash total phosphorus forecasting of discharged quantity method, comprising steps of
1) subregion is occurred by agricultural non -point pollution, obtains administrative areas at the county level in different subregions and draw range, for a kind of the at county level of subregion
Biochemistry detection, obtains the total phosphorus emission of N rainwash at county level；2) selection N-x influences the total phosphorus emission of rainwash
Phosphorus emission data, establish with N rainwash total phosphorus prediction model at county level；3) rainwash total phosphorus prediction mould at county level is applied
Type is influenced the data of the total phosphorus emission of rainwash by N, acquires the total phosphorus emission of rainwash of N+x.The invention
The method for applying proposing, for the unpredictable problem of county domain agricultural non -point pollution rainwash total phosphorus, in agricultural non -point pollution
On the basis of zoning occurs, rainwash total phosphorus forecasting of discharged quantity model is established, the total phosphorus emission of agricultural surface runoff is predicted, is
Agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and treatment provides technical support.But this method only relates to the calculation method in farmland face source, for agricultural area source
Control and reuse are not directed to.
Application No. is 201510300768.5 Chinese patent applications " to cut down coefficient meter in basin agricultural area source pollutants river
Calculation method " a kind of reduction coefficient calculation method in basin agricultural area source pollutants river is provided, comprising: it obtains typical in target basin
Small watershed data；According to the water and soil evaluation model SWAT of Typical Small Watershed data configuration Typical Small Watershed；Allusion quotation is obtained according to SWAT
Enter each sub-basin watershed water outlet in river nitrogen and phosphorus load LoadLr and Typical Small Watershed in type small watershed in each sub-basin
The contribution rate LoadLo of mouth；According to river total length L engthLr in water system data acquisition Typical Small Watershed；According to LoadLr,
LoadLo and LengthLr obtains target basin agricultural area source pollutants river and cuts down coefficient.But this method only relates to farmland face
The calculation method in source is not directed to the control and reuse of agricultural area source.
Application No. is 201510196066.7 Chinese patent application, " a kind of upper up-flow for handling agricultural non-point source pollution is vertical
Artificial wet land system " a kind of vertical artificial wet land system of upper up-flow for handling agricultural non-point source pollution is disclosed, including upper up-flow is hung down
Straight artificial swamp and the water tank connecting with its water outlet, the filler of artificial swamp is from top to bottom successively are as follows: crushed rock filler layer, iron
Carbon haydite micro-electrolysis stuffing layer and gravel filling layer, gravel filling layer on kind are implanted with emergent aquactic plant；Water tank passes through for storing
Waste water after artificial wetland treatment, by water inlet pipe, outlet pipe, floating ball and cabinet composition, water inlet pipe are located at cabinet top, connect thereon
It is connected to four-way pipe, one end of horizontal tube and the water outlet of artificial swamp connect, the other end leads to receiving water body, and vertical tube is downward
Nozzle is equipped with floating ball mesh basket, and floating ball is located in mesh basket；The bottom of cabinet is equipped with outlet pipe and is connected with agricultural drainage and irrigation system.This system
It draws artificial swamp and weak electrolysis mechanism respectively removes the advantage of toxic organic pollutant waste water difficult to degrade, the two is subjected to coupling
It closes, achievees the purpose that effectively remove insecticide pollution in same system.But this method artificial swamp takes up a large area, invests
Greatly, operating cost is high, reclamation rate is low.
Application No. is 201510186513.0 Chinese patent application " building preventing and controlling agricultural area source pollution cold district riverbanks
The method of buffer strip ", the method for constructing preventing and controlling agricultural area source pollution cold district riparian buffer strips is related to a kind of ecological and environment
Guard method, the method is from farmland to constructing the different natural vegetation barrier tape of three-level between river: wherein gentle slope area uses
Leguminous plant locust tree combines with natural herbosa, not only can effectively hinder the lower infiltration effect of control agricultural run-off, can also pass through
The nutrients such as plant rhizosphere effect absorption fixed nitrogen phosphorus；After the retardation in gentle slope area, agricultural run-off enters ecological resistance
Septal area, which is provided with the zone of vegetation of tall shrub and charcoal adsorbs band, not only has significant retention to rainfall runoff, absorbs
Transformation, and melt period in the winter snows spring, charcoal absorption band also has good suction-operated to pollutant in snowmelt runoff,
After to the winter dormancy phase, and can be by plant, rhizosphere microorganism sorption enhanced or degradation.It both can further preventing and controlling agricultural area source
Pollution, and do not interfere with the flood control-discharge dyke function of riparian buffer strips.But this method takes up a large area, invests big, treatment effect
It is unstable.
Application No. is a kind of 201510127086.9 Chinese patent application " pollution of area source prevention and control cultivation sides in vineyard
Method " it is related to a kind of pollution of area source prevention and control cultural method in grape orchard, this method comprises: the planting structure distribution in grape orchard, grape
In orchard, spacing in the rows × line-spacing of wine-growing is grape in the garden 0.8m；Grape in the ranks plants European witloof and rye grass；Growth
Season cradles in real time, and vine applies 1 base manure every year, and in addition to basal dressing, the fertilization mode in remaining period uses fertigation.It should
Method reduces the farming number to grape orchard, reduces fertilizer and pesticide amount of application, reduces N dosage 32.3%, reduces P dosage
36.29%, Pesticide use amount reduces 42.2%, and rainwash suspended matter reduces 28.57%, and rainwash total nitrogen and total phosphorus are distinguished
25.32% and 29.51% is reduced, underground aqueous suspension reduces 24.36%, on the basis of guaranteeing vintage stable yields, saves
Cost 19.38%, per hectare income increase 16500 yuan, and orchard agricultural non-point source pollution is controlled effectively.But this method without
Method realizes that the nitrogen phosphorus reuse of agricultural area source, reclamation rate are low.
Application No. is 201510059019.8 Chinese patent applications " a kind of retentivity urea " to belong to fertilizer field, especially
It is related to a kind of retentivity urea.Including super absorbent resin, poly-aspartic-acid zinc and urea.The retentivity urea is protected
Water, fertilizer conservation effect are good, improve nitrogen utilization efficiency.The application that can omit jointing fertilizer is used as wheat basal fertilizer.It tests and ties through shower
Fruit shows retentivity urea urea concentration reduction Amplitude Ratio common urea significant decrease after shower of offer.But this method
Water and nitrogen phosphorus reuse are not directed to, investment operating cost is high.
Application No. is a kind of " the ecological intercepting resistances for controlling rice field pollution of area source of 201410625297.0 Chinese patent application
Disconnected system ", including ecological canal and paddy field wetland two parts: ecological canal includes trench sidewall and trench bottom, irrigation canals and ditches width
Cross section on direction is that top is longer, following shorter trapezoidal, and furrow bank and bottom of trench are spliced by regular hexagon brick hole, ditch
Wall is laid with ditch greening plant, and bottom of trench is laid with emergent aquactic plant；Field wetland is implemented in paddy field drainage end, paddy field wetland soil
Surface is lower than normal rice field surface, rice cultivation in paddy field wetland, using the water after flowing through rice field and ecological canal from upstream as
Irrigation water and fertilizer source.But this method cannot achieve the accurate reuse of water, the maximization of nitrogen phosphorus reuse, treatment effect stability
Difference.
Application No. is 201310371119.5 Chinese patent application " a method of solve agricultural non-point source pollution ", along agriculture
Field gabarit is opened up around the pool of farmland surrounding；The gutter communicated with pool is opened up in farmland；Aquatic in pool, pool
Plant aquatic crops in bottom；The pond in cross-section pool is set on pool；Two outlet passes in connection pool are set on the side of pond；It is logical
Grid and sluice are installed on the mouth of a river；Pond top opening upper berth setting tool has the cement cover board of load-bearing effect.This method aquatic can band
Come that secondary pollution, agricultural area source control effect is unstable, reusing rate is low.
Application No. is 201310041039.3 Chinese patent application, " a kind of multi-stage stepwise agricultural area source is " aerobic-simultaneous
Oxygen " the ecology pond systems ", the water inlet of the system is provided with check gate and grid, and surrounding bank slope and bottom are provided with impermeable building block,
Fluted and planting plants are arranged in the center of impermeable building block；By two deflected current walls by ecological pond be divided into aerobic zone, floating bed area and
Mattress area, the floating bed area and mattress district's groups are staged at aerobic area, three regions, have different water depth；Water outlet setting
There is effluent weir；The water surface in floating bed area be provided with it is biological floating bed, above plant emergent aquactic plant；It is heavy that ecology is set in the water in mattress area
Bed plants submerged plant above.That the present invention provides a kind of occupied areas is small, treatment effeciency is high, the biology of multimode combination,
Chemical integrated aquatic animals and plants composite ecological pool system.But this method is handled, takes up a large area, is invested using dystopy
Greatly, operating cost is high, treatment effect is unstable.
Application No. is 201310016873.7 Chinese patent applications " to disclose a kind of control agricultural non-point source pollution raising agriculture
The ecological canal of field N, P utilization rate ", the ecological canal that there is control agricultural non-point source pollution to improve farmland N, P utilization rate is directed to agriculture
The characteristics of industry pollution of area source, using ecological principle and biological characteristics, by improving ditch wetland Ecosystem Biomass, benefit
It is acted on, is realized to the blocking of water pollution substance, degradation, absorption, utilization with systematic collaboration, reached and polluted in reduction discharge water body
Substance improves farmland nitrogen, phosphorus utilization.But the reuse of this method and unrealized water, nitrogen and phosphorus loss rate is big, treatment effect is unstable
It is fixed.
Application No. is 201210558688.6 Chinese patent application, a kind of utilization for belonging to agricultural environment field is disclosed
The method of rare earth element tracer agricultural area source phosphorous loss.This method tests rare earth element not of the same race in each subregion first
Background content, then tests the loss total amount of every kind of rare earth element of test zone after rainfall, and simultaneous equations solve each subregion
Loss of elements coefficient, so that the turnover rate and number of dropouts of phosphorus element in each subregion be calculated.The present invention utilizes rare earth member
The similar features that element and phosphorus element are shown in rainfall-runoff process, are applied to agriculture face for the multi-source substance tracer of rare earth element
Source phosphorous loss is traced to the source, and the high risk area of complicated landform basin phosphorous loss is effectively recognized.This method is not directed to agricultural area source
Control, the reuse of water and the processing of nitrogen phosphorus, control.
Application No. is a kind of 201210393309.2 Chinese patent application " ecological recovery sides in agricultural non-point source pollution river
Method ", belong to ecology and field of environment protection, and in particular to a kind of ecological recovery method in agricultural non-point source pollution river.This method
It is that agricultural non-point source pollution section is separated into section 3 water purification film fillter section, biological grid fillter section and wetland arrangement continuous not same districts
Duan Zuowei sewage treatment unit, sewage initially enter water purification film fillter section, flow to biological grid fillter section certainly, then flow into wetland arrangement
Section, later according still further to 0.01kg/m2Density launch spiral shell, a species of small clam living in fresh water, according to 0.3/m2Density launch huge oyster to entire agricultural
Implement zoobenthos control and support in pollution of area source section.The method of the present invention is reasonably combined using the section of quasi- improvement as the carrier of processing
Combination technique is supported in efficient water purification film, biological grid filtering, floating-island type wetland, zoobenthos control, persistently improves water quality, while realizing water
The benign cycle of the ecosystem.But this method artificial swamp takes up a large area, invests that big, treatment effect is unstable, reclamation rate is low.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: for the outstanding problem that farmland water usage amount is big, reuse rate is low and nitrogen and phosphorus loss is seriously polluted,
The present invention provides a kind of farmland water pollution control system and its control methods.It is mended according to farmland Different Crop type and growth cycle
Water, fertilising and Characteristics of Precipitation devise water inlet system, primary purifying system and cleansing and recycling system and four, farmland part.With
Based on cleansing and recycling system recycle-water, water inlet system moisturizing and rainfall are auxiliary, solve the problems, such as that water and nitrogen phosphorus are reused；Pass through
The recycling of carrier ball realizes that nitrogen phosphor resourceization utilizes.
Technical solution: the purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of farmland water pollution control and reclaiming system, include sequentially connected water inlet system, primary purifying system and
Cleansing and recycling system and farmland, the output end of cleansing and recycling system and the input terminal of water inlet system are connected using water pipe.
Primary purifying system area accounts for farmland area 3~5%, 1.0~3.0m of width, 3 row of the drainage direction gradient.It purifies back
Farmland area 5~10%, 3.0~6.0m of width are accounted for system.
Water inlet system is arranged in the side in farmland, including water inlet pipe and inlet valve.
Primary purifying system is arranged in the two sides in farmland, positioned opposite, including gutter, removable control weir plate, load
Body ball, carrier ball are arranged in gutter close to the position of removable control weir plate.Ball is made by polyolefin plastics in carrier ball
The polyolefin plastics skeleton of shape, built-in fiber filament or sponge, specific surface area range are 380-800m2/m3, density is 0.93 g/
cm3, porosity > 99%, diameter 5cm.After carrier ball uses 1-2, it can be replaced, replaced carrier ball is used for
Flower planting, carrier ball contain the nutrients such as the nitrogen abundant of absorption, phosphorus.
Cleansing and recycling system is arranged in the other side in farmland, positioned opposite with water inlet system, including purification ditch, recycle-water
Pump, reuse pipe, reuse valve, overflow pipe, reuse pipe one end are connected to the water inlet pipe of water inlet system, and the other end connects recycle-water
Reuse valve is arranged in pump on reuse pipe；Purification ditch is arranged in close to the position at top, when water is big, Ke Yijing in overflow pipe
Overflow pipe overflow is to external environment.
The operating method of above-mentioned farmland water pollution control and reclaiming system, comprising the following steps:
Step (1) water source enters farmland by the water inlet pipe of water inlet system, controls inflow by the unlatching of inlet valve；
Step (2) water source enters farmland use, applies chemical fertilizer and pesticide during farmland planting；Do not have and is inhaled by plant
The agricultural area source of receipts flows directly into primary purifying system；
Nitrogen load 16kg.hm-2~25kg.hm of agricultural area source-2；Phosphorus load 0.7kg.hm-2~1.6 kg.hm-2。
The water outlet of step (3) farmland is purified in the gutter of primary purifying system, and carrier ball is to nitrogen in agricultural area source
Phosphorus carries out denitrogenation and adsorption cleaning, controls liquid level by removable control weir plate；
The water outlet of step (4) primary purifying system enters cleansing and recycling system, and agricultural area source further obtains in purification ditch
Purification；Water outlet can enter water inlet system reuse by reuse water pump, reuse pipe, reuse valve；
Under the premise of step 5) meets the water of farmland-use water, cleansing and recycling system reuse water Q6-1 is used.
Step 6) is in cleansing and recycling system, when water is big, can be through overflow pipe overflow to external environment, overflow water
Q6-2。
Then according to water balance total principle, the relationship with formula (1), formula (2):
Q1+Q4+Q6-1=Q2+Q3+Q5 formula (1)
Q6=Q6-1+Q6-2Formula (2)
The amount of inlet water of water inlet system be Q1, Evapotranspiration of The Field water is Q2, lower water percolating capacity is Q3, rainfall water Q4, other
Water Q5, cleansing and recycling system 3 water Q6, reuse water Q6-1With overflow water Q6-2。
Moisturizing is carried out according to farmland difference plant and different growth periods and Characteristics of Precipitation, is broadly divided into following three feelings
Condition:
(1) under the conditions of not raining, rainfall water Q4=0；
Under water inlet system not flow condition, inlet valve, amount of inlet water Q1=0 are closed；Open reuse water pump and reuse
Valve, then:
Q6-1=Q2+Q3+Q5 formula (3)
Reclamation rate 100%.After treatment, agricultural non-point source pollution control is as follows: agricultural is lost nitrogen≤mistake processing；Agricultural stream
Lose phosphorus≤agricultural, farmland reusing rate >=90.
(2) under the conditions of raining, rainfall water Q4；
Under water inlet system not flow condition, inlet valve, amount of inlet water Q1=0 are closed；It opens reuse water pump and returns
With valve, then:
Q4+Q6-1=Q2+Q3+Q5 formula (4)
For extra water by overflow pipe overflow to external environment, overflow water is Q6-2.After treatment, agricultural non-point source pollution
Control as follows: agricultural is lost nitrogen≤industry and is lost；Agricultural is lost phosphorus≤agricultural stream.
(3) under the conditions of not raining, rainfall water Q4=0；
Under water inlet system flow condition, inlet valve, amount of inlet water Q1 are opened；Open reuse water pump and reuse valve
Door, then:
Q1+Q6-1=Q2+Q3+Q5 formula (5)
After treatment, agricultural non-point source pollution control is as follows: agricultural is lost nitrogen≤pollution control；Agricultural is lost phosphorus≤agricultural
Stream.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages that
(1) present invention according to farmland Different Crop type and grows week with farmland water, water quality reuse and processing for core
Phase moisturizing, fertilising and Characteristics of Precipitation devise water inlet system, primary purifying system and cleansing and recycling system and four, farmland portion
Point.Solve the outstanding problem that water usage amount in farmland is big, reuse rate is low and nitrogen and phosphorus loss is seriously polluted.
(2) construction investment and easy to implement.Based on reuse in situ and processing, land occupation and construction investment are reduced, by net
Change reclaiming system and primary purifying system and water inlet system realizes in-situ treatment, reuse and the high-efficient purification of water.
(3) flexible operation, high treating effect.Water and water quality are realized by reuse water pump, reuse valve, inlet valve etc.
Regulation.Reusing rate is greater than 70%, agricultural non-point source pollution: nitrogen load 16kg.hm-2~25kg.hm-2；Phosphorus load 0.7kg.hm-2~1.6kg.hm-2.After present invention processing, agricultural non-point source pollution control is as follows: after agricultural is lost nitrogen≤reason,；Agricultural stream
Lose phosphorus≤agricultural stream, farmland reusing rate >=90.
(4) resource recycling rate is high.In primary purifying system carrier ball reduce nitrogen in agricultural non -point pollution, phosphorus it is dense
Degree, reduces the risk and degree of receiving water body eutrophication；Carrier ball can be replaced, and flower planting is used for, and realize resource
It utilizes.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of farmland water pollution control and reuse method schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is a kind of farmland water pollution control and reclaiming system floor plan；
Fig. 3 is the top view of a kind of farmland water pollution control and reclaiming system；
Fig. 4 is sectional view of the Fig. 2 along B-B；
Fig. 5 is sectional view of the Fig. 2 along C-C；
In figure: 1- water inlet system, 2- primary purifying system, 3- cleansing and recycling system, the farmland 4-, 1-1: water inlet pipe, 1-2:
Inlet valve, 2-1: gutter, 2-2: removable control weir plate, 2-3: carrier ball, 3-1: purification ditch, 3-2: reuse water pump,
3-3: reuse pipe, 3-4: reuse valve, 3-5: overflow pipe.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiment.
Shown in referring to Fig.1, a kind of farmland water pollution control and reclaiming system, include water inlet system 1, primary purifying system
2 and cleansing and recycling system 3 and farmland 4.2 area of primary purifying system accounts for farmland area 3~5%, 1.0~3.0m of width, draining
3 row of the direction gradient.Cleansing and recycling system 3 accounts for farmland area 5~10%, 3.0~6.0m of width.
1 amount of inlet water of water inlet system be Q1,4 evaporated water of farmland is Q2, lower water percolating capacity is Q3, rainfall water Q4, other
Water Q5,3 water Q6 of cleansing and recycling system.Reuse water Q6-1 and overflow water Q6-2.
Then according to water balance total principle, the relationship with formula (1), formula (2):
Q1+Q4+Q6-1=Q2+Q3+Q5 formula (1)
Q6=Q6-1+Q6-2Formula (2)
Referring to shown in Fig. 2, water inlet system 1 includes water inlet pipe 1-1 and inlet valve 1-2, is arranged in the side in farmland 4.Ginseng
According to shown in Fig. 2,4, primary purifying system 2 is arranged in the two sides in farmland 4, positioned opposite comprising gutter 2-1, moves
Weir plate 2-2, carrier ball 2-3 are controlled, carrier ball is arranged in gutter 2-1 close to the position of removable control weir plate, carrier ball
Spherical polyolefin plastics skeleton, built-in fiber filament or sponge are made of polyolefin plastics, specific surface area range is 380-
800m2/m3, density 0.93g/cm3, porosity > 99%, biological ball purification bulb diameter is 5cm.
Referring to shown in Fig. 2,3,5, cleansing and recycling system 3 is arranged in the other side in farmland 4, positioned opposite with water inlet system,
Including purifying ditch 3-1, reuse water pump 3-2, reuse pipe 3-3, reuse valve 3-4, overflow pipe 3-5, the one end reuse pipe 3-3 is connected to
The water inlet pipe of water inlet system, the other end connect reuse water pump, and reuse valve 3-4, overflow pipe 3-5 setting are arranged on reuse pipe
It can be through overflow pipe overflow to external environment when water is big in the position at purification ditch 3-1 close to top.Above-mentioned farmland water pollution
The operating method of control and reclaiming system, comprising the following steps:
Step (1) water source enters farmland 4 by the water inlet pipe 1-1 of water inlet system 1, passes through the unlatching control of inlet valve 1-2
Inflow processed.
Step (2) water source enters the use of farmland 4, applies chemical fertilizer and pesticide during 4 kinds of plants in farmland.Do not have by plant
The agricultural area source of absorption flows directly into primary purifying system 2.Nitrogen load 16kg.hm-2~25kg.hm of agricultural area source-2；Phosphorus is negative
Lotus 0.7kg.hm-2~1.6 kg.hm-2。
The water outlet of step (3) farmland 4 is purified in the gutter 2-1 of primary purifying system 2, and carrier ball 2-3 is to agricultural
Nitrogen phosphorus carries out denitrogenation and adsorption cleaning in the source of face, controls liquid level by removable control weir plate 2-2.
The water outlet of step (4) primary purifying system 2 enters cleansing and recycling system 3, and agricultural area source is further in purification ditch 3-1
It is purified.Water outlet can enter the reuse of water inlet system 1 by reuse water pump 3-2, reuse pipe 3-3, reuse valve 3-4.
Under the premise of step 5) meets the water of the water of farmland 4,3 reuse water Q6-1 of cleansing and recycling system is used.
Step 6) is in cleansing and recycling system 3, can be through overflow pipe 3-5 overflow to external environment, overflow when water is big
Water is Q6-2。
Step (7) can be replaced after carrier ball 2-3 uses 1-2, and carrier ball 2-3 is used for flower planting, carrier
Ball contains the nutrients such as the nitrogen abundant of absorption, phosphorus.
Moisturizing is carried out according to farmland difference plant and different growth periods and Characteristics of Precipitation, is broadly divided into following three feelings
Condition:
(1) under the conditions of not raining, rainfall water Q4=0；
Under water inlet system 1 not flow condition, inlet valve 1-2, amount of inlet water Q1=0 are closed；Open reuse water pump 3-2
With reuse valve 3-4, then:
Water percolating capacity Q3+ other waters Q5 formula (3) under reuse water Q6-1=evaporated water Q2+
Reclamation rate 100%.After treatment, agricultural non-point source pollution control is as follows: agricultural is lost nitrogen≤industry face source；Agricultural stream
Lose phosphorus≤agricultural.
(2) under the conditions of raining, rainfall water Q4；
Under water inlet system 1 not flow condition, inlet valve 1-2, amount of inlet water Q1=0 are closed；Open reuse water pump
3-2 and reuse valve 3-4, then:
Other waters of water percolating capacity Q3+ Q5 under rainfall water Q4+ reuse water Q6-1=evaporated water Q2+；
For extra water by overflow pipe 3-5 overflow to external environment, overflow water is Q6-2.After treatment, agricultural area source
Contamination control is as follows: agricultural is lost nitrogen≤industry and is lost；Agricultural is lost phosphorus≤agricultural stream.
(3) under the conditions of not raining, rainfall water Q4=0；
Under 1 flow condition of water inlet system, inlet valve 1-2, amount of inlet water Q1 are opened；Open reuse water pump 3-2 and
Reuse valve 3-4, then:
Amount of inlet water is that Q1+ reuse water Q6-1=evaporated water is that water percolating capacity is other waters of Q3+ Q5 under Q2+；By
After processing, agricultural non-point source pollution control is as follows: agricultural is lost nitrogen≤pollution control；Agricultural is lost phosphorus≤agricultural stream.
Embodiment 1
Certain 10 mu of the gross area, long 120m, wide 55.6m of land occupation, rice cultivation, wherein farmland area is the gross area
91.6%, long 53.6m, wide 2m；2 area of primary purifying system accounts for the gross area 3.4%, long 114m, wide 2.0m, the drainage direction gradient
3 water；Cleansing and recycling system 3 accounts for farmland area 5%, long 55.6m, wide 6.0m.
Water inlet system 1 includes a water inlet pipe, and inlet valve is arranged on water inlet pipe.Primary purifying system 2 includes 2 drainings
Gutter 2-1, long 114m, wide 2.0m；2 removable control weir plate 2-2, width 1m；Carrier ball 2-3 specification is 30m3, compare table
Areal extent is 380-800m2/m3, density 0.93g/cm3, porosity > 99%, biological ball purification bulb diameter is 5cm；Purification
Reclaiming system 3 includes purification ditch 3-1, and specification is long 55.6m, wide 6.0m；Reuse water pump 3-2 totally 4, flow 20m3/ h, lift
15m；Reuse pipe 3-3, DN100, reuse valve 3-4,2, overflow pipe 3-5,1, DN200.Farmland water pollution control and reuse
The operating method of system is shown in Table 1.
Table 1
Agricultural non-point source pollution: nitrogen load 16kg.hm-2~25kg.hm-2；Phosphorus load 0.7kg.hm-2~1.6kg.hm-2.It is logical
After crossing the operation of table 1, after present invention processing, agricultural non-point source pollution control is as follows: agricultural loss nitrogen≤30%；Agricultural is lost phosphorus
≤ 20%.
Claims (6)
- It include sequentially connected water inlet system, primary purifying system and net 1. a kind of farmland water pollution control and reclaiming system Change reclaiming system and farmland, the output end of cleansing and recycling system and the input terminal of water inlet system are connected using water pipe.Water inlet system It is arranged in the side in farmland, cleansing and recycling system is arranged in the other side in farmland, is oppositely disposed with water inlet system；Primary purifying System is arranged in the two sides in farmland, positioned opposite.
- 2. farmland water pollution control described in claim 1 and reclaiming system, primary purifying system area account for farmland area 3~ 5%, 1.0~3.0m of width, 3 row of the drainage direction gradient；Cleansing and recycling system accounts for farmland area 5~10%, and width 3.0~ 6.0m。
- 3. farmland water pollution control described in claim 1 and reclaiming system, water inlet system include water inlet pipe and inlet valve；Just Grade purification system includes gutter, removable control weir plate, carrier ball, and carrier ball is arranged in gutter close to removable Control the position of weir plate；Cleansing and recycling system includes purification ditch, reuse water pump, reuse pipe, reuse valve, overflow pipe, reuse pipe One end is connected to the water inlet pipe of water inlet system, and the other end connects reuse water pump, and reuse valve is arranged on reuse pipe；Overflow pipe is set Set the position in purification ditch close to top.
- 4. the operating method of farmland water pollution control described in claim 1 and reclaiming system, comprising the following steps:Step (1) water source enters farmland by water inlet system, and inflow is controllable；Step (2) water source enters field irrigation use, applies chemical fertilizer and pesticide in crop growth stage；Do not have and to be absorbed by plants Agricultural area source flows directly into primary purifying system；The water outlet of step (3) farmland is purified in primary purifying system, and carrier ball carries out denitrogenation and suction to nitrogen phosphorus in agricultural area source Attached purification controls liquid level by removable control weir plate；The water outlet of step (4) primary purifying system enters cleansing and recycling system, and agricultural area source is further purified in purification ditch；Under the premise of step 5) meets the water of farmland-use water, cleansing and recycling system recycle-water is used.Step 6) is in cleansing and recycling system, can be Q through overflow pipe overflow to external environment, overflow water when water is big6-2。
- 5. the operating method of farmland water pollution control as claimed in claim 4 and reclaiming system, which is characterized in that in step (5), According to water balance total principle, the relationship with formula (1), formula (2):Q1+Q4+Q6-1=Q2+Q3+Q5 formula (1)Q6=Q6-1+Q6-2Formula (2)The amount of inlet water of water inlet system is Q1, and Evapotranspiration of The Field water is Q2, lower water percolating capacity is Q3, rainfall water Q4, other waters Q5, cleansing and recycling system 3 water Q6, reuse water Q6-1With overflow water Q6-2。
- 6. the operating method of farmland water pollution control and reclaiming system described in claim 5, it is characterised in that not according to farmland Moisturizing is carried out with plant and different growth periods and Characteristics of Precipitation, is broadly divided into following three situation:(1) under the conditions of not raining, rainfall water Q4=0；Under water inlet system not flow condition, inlet valve, amount of inlet water Q1=0 are closed；Reuse water pump and reuse valve are opened, Then:Q6-1=Q2+Q3+Q5 formula (3)At this point, reclamation rate=100%；(2) under the conditions of raining, rainfall water Q4；Under water inlet system not flow condition, inlet valve, amount of inlet water Q1=0 are closed；Open reuse water pump and reuse valve Door, then:Q4+Q6-1=Q2+Q3+Q5 formula (4)For extra water by overflow pipe overflow to external environment, overflow water is Q6-2；(3) under the conditions of not raining, rainfall water Q4=0；Under water inlet system flow condition, inlet valve, amount of inlet water Q1 are opened；Open reuse water pump and reuse valve, then:Q1+Q6-1=Q2+Q3+Q5 formula (5)After treatment, agricultural non-point source pollution control is as follows: agricultural is lost nitrogen≤industry and is lost；Agricultural is lost phosphorus≤agricultural stream, agriculture Water in field reclamation rate >=90.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113152381A (en) * | 2021-02-06 | 2021-07-23 | 浙江水利水电学院 | Diversion canal construction method applied to ecological river channel |
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Application publication date: 20190212 |