CN202663884U - Tool for vertically coating film on single plant of field crop - Google Patents
Tool for vertically coating film on single plant of field crop Download PDFInfo
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- CN202663884U CN202663884U CN 201220273863 CN201220273863U CN202663884U CN 202663884 U CN202663884 U CN 202663884U CN 201220273863 CN201220273863 CN 201220273863 CN 201220273863 U CN201220273863 U CN 201220273863U CN 202663884 U CN202663884 U CN 202663884U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a tool for vertically coating a film on single plant of field crop. The tool comprises a frame and a plastic film, wherein a frame cover is further sheathed on the frame; an upper base is arranged at the upper part of the frame, and a lower base is arranged at the lower part of the frame; 3-4 support columns are arranged between the upper base and the lower base, and the support columns are fixedly connected with the upper base and the lower base; the plastic film is coated on the frame; and the frame cover covers the outer part of the plastic film and the frame. The diameter of the upper base is smaller than the diameter of the lower base, the frame takes the shape of a circular truncated cone, or a frustum, a trustum of a pyramid, a cylinder or a square body, and the diameter of the frame cover is slightly smaller than the diameter of the lower base. The frame and the frame cover are metal products or plastic products. The tool has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in use, low cost and good heat and moisture preservation effect, and the labor strength is greatly reduced; and the tool is beneficial to protecting environment, reducing white pollution, preventing diseases and insects, increasing crop output and improving quality.
Description
Technical field:
The utility model relates to the film-mulching technique field of crops, relates in particular to the three-dimensional overlay film apparatus of a kind of field crop individual plant.
Background technology:
Film-mulching technique or plastic film mulching cultivation are about to transparent plastic film and cover ground, sowing and protection crops growth of seedling under film; Turn until temperature and to open film after warm, seedling is changed under the normal climate condition grow.Plastic mulching cultivation technology in more than 30 province, city and region in the whole nation, has comprised large scale application on 40 multiple kinds of crops of tobacco since 1979 introduce from Japan, to the nineties in 20th century China's crop film-coating area under cultivation reach more than 6,000 ten thousand mu.Particularly in the high and cold area that cools, plastic mulching crop yield upgrading effect is more remarkable, through Application and Development research for many years, has formed plastic mulching cultivation technology system with Chinese characteristics.The crop film-coating cultivation has become important measures of world agriculture volume increase.China's plastic-film-covered cultivation is from the regional development that cools to the Plain, outskirts of a town, expand grain, cotton, the large cereal crops of wet goods and economic crops to from fruit trees and vegetables, significantly increased cropping index, opened up the suitable planting zone of various crop to the temperature limiting area, significantly improved efficiency and improved product quality, for outstanding contributions have been made in the China's agricultural modernization construction.
Along with the extensive use of film-mulching technique, it is found that the crop field film mulching and planting creating to agricultural production outside many benefits, bring many contradictions that are difficult to overcome also for the crop production process.At first, reciprocal 1 year repeatedly film mulching and planting can cause farmland mulch film residual contamination, forms the farmland and progressively accumulates serious " white pollution " problem; The 2nd, plastic film mulching cultivation is when improving ground temperature, cause consuming excessively of soil nutrient, especially the soil organic matter consumes disorder with soil microflora excessively, cause potential pressure for the lasting supply of soil fertility and the sustainable development of soil productivity, culture underglass makes soil be barren trend year after year; The 3rd, surface temperature excessively raises and causes the shallow-layer of crop root growth to distribute, and causes root system development bad to crop growth, and nutrient absorption scope shallow-layer has a strong impact on the raising of crop quality; The 4th, in the excessive and sticking heavy area of soil of humidity in early stage, the plastic mulching operating difficulties, the mechanization overlay film is difficult to realize, overlay film need to be concentrated and expend a large amount of work inputs, (or sowing) often occurring transplanting can not in time cover, and causes the field short time low temperature environment of (a day or several days), and guiding low-temperature sensitive crop in early stage generative growth phase in advance, the early blossoming phenomenon occurs (tobacco) generally occurs, so that the quality of plastic mulching and effect are difficult to guarantee; The 5th, plastic mulching is shorter to the cover time of transplanting seedling, and the guard time of, transplanting (first overlay film after-opening is transplanted) on the film take the contour large crop of tobacco as example is shorter, and can not reach whole strain protection effect; Transplant (overlay film after transplanting first) under the film and need to deep-cut the cave transplanting, growth time under touching is shorter equally, and open film and put seedling and often cause the seedling sun to burn, form the secondary seedling-slowing stage of long period, run into accidental microthermal climate, also the secondary chilling injury can appear, to improving output and improving quality and cause larger restriction.
Traditional film-mulching technique namely behind the ridging of farmland, is used machinery or manpower covering with plastic film, the soil block compacting of mulch film two ends on the ridge.Seedling is transplanted on the ridge by this occupation mode or elder generation, then covering with plastic film on seedling; Then covering with plastic film on the ridge scratches the hole, in its hole of sprigging on the mulch film first.Press easily seedling during front kind of mode overlay film, cause the seedling rod bending even fracture, so dead, cause plant gap vacancy.Rear a kind of mode is scratched mulch film and is opened, and heat insulation effect is bad, is unfavorable for that crop grows up.And this film mulching method is ridge of plastic mulching or a panel region often, in case a certain plant catches an illness, sick worm is wayward.In addition, when mulch film was taken out, the mulch film of being lived by soil pressure was difficult for taking out, and causes the field to have a large amount of mulch film fragments, causes white pollution.
In view of above-mentioned technical problem; a kind of simple in structure in the urgent need to occurring; easy to use; with low cost; greatly reduce labour intensity, be beneficial to environmental protection, reduce white pollution; heat and moisture preserving is effective, is conducive to the protection of disease worm and is beneficial to the three-dimensional overlay film apparatus of a kind of field crop individual plant that improves crop yield, modification quality.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcoming that exists in the prior art; provide a kind of simple in structure; easy to use; with low cost; greatly reduce labour intensity, be beneficial to environmental protection, reduce white pollution; heat and moisture preserving is effective, is conducive to the protection of disease worm and is beneficial to the three-dimensional overlay film apparatus of a kind of field crop individual plant that improves crop yield, modification quality.
To achieve these goals, the utility model provides a kind of field crop individual plant three-dimensional overlay film apparatus, comprise framework and plastic foil, wherein, further be socketed with mask on the described framework, described framework upper is provided with upper base, described framework bottom is provided with goes to the bottom, be provided with 3-4 root support column between described upper base and described the going to the bottom, described support column and described upper base are fixedly connected with between described the going to the bottom; Described plastic foil is coated on the described framework, and described mask covers the outside of described plastic foil and described framework.
The diameter of described upper base is less than the diameter of going to the bottom, and that described framework is is round table-like, among frustum, prism-frustum-shaped, cylindrical shape or the Fang Tizhuan any one, and the diameter of described mask is slightly less than the diameter of going to the bottom.
Described framework, described mask are metallic article or plastic products.
Advantage of the present utility model is: overturn traditional film coating technique method, and simple in structure, easy to use; with low cost, greatly reduce labour intensity, be beneficial to environmental protection; reduce white pollution, heat and moisture preserving is effective, is conducive to the protection of disease worm and is beneficial to improve crop yield, modification quality.Be specially:
The key problem in technology that three-dimensional film covers, in view of the problem that film-mulching technique exists, the utility model adopt the support frame mode to realize field crops (the low-density high yield crops such as tobacco, melon and valuable nursery stock) mulch film is three-dimensional covers.The upper base diameter that steel wire (iron wire) welds or plastics are made that is about to making is little, the rounding bench-type framework that the diameter of going to the bottom is large (or make difform framework according to the characteristics of cover crop) (such as figure), and add mask (steel wire or plastics) at the larger caliber place and block mulch film, then mulch film is used the circle overcoat to clamp, make and be convenient to FOLD AND PACK, be convenient to transport, be convenient to cover the covering with plastic film basket cover of use.The technology that three-dimensional film covers can realize the batch production production of support frame, the reusing for many years of support frame; Realize the reach of overlay film extensive work, every year at slack seasons between in advance overlay film make, realize that once investment uses (except the mulch film) for many years.Film model with improvement, batch production are made the shaping membrane bag that basket frame uses of being convenient to of different model, improve the operating efficiency of mantle, save the plastics usage amount, realize the efficient energy-saving target.During use, will make overlay film basket cover and place in advance the field, plant to be planted seedling (cigarette seedling, tomato seedling, sapling etc.) directly is buckled in above the seedling after transplanting, and compresses (preventing that strong wind from blowing) with native its outer edges and gets final product; Along with plant strain growth and temperature raise, can progressively increase at top end opening and ventilate, remove the film of opening that covers under the film from and delay the seedling link, when ambient temperature reached plant strain growth requirement (or plant is covered with the basket cover), the folding recovery one by one can be nested together.
Major advantage:
(1) support frame simplicity of design, batch production production, with low cost, (repeatedly) recycles for many years;
(2) realize sandwiched mulch film in winter (free time), folding convenient transportation, the field is simple;
(3) cover conveniently, realize the purpose that covers while transplanting;
(4) plastic film mulching cultivation can be realized in and water content larger area heavily sticking at soil;
(5) save cover time and reduction labour intensity;
(6) form land for growing field crops plant early growth than large space;
(7) can realize the field heat and moisture preserving effect of long period;
(8) improve field overwrite job efficient;
(9) eliminate field Plastic-film pollution (white pollution) fully;
(10) keep the field soil natural environment, the soil nutrient of avoiding general plastic mulching to cause consumes excessively, keeps the nature of rhizospheric microorganism;
(11) labour intensity and the recruitment quantity of plastic mulching have been reduced in a large number;
(12) reach good isolation insect protected, protection effect of early stage.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model framework.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the utility model mask.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of plastic foil.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of film covering method of the present utility model.
The accompanying drawing sign:
1, support column 2, upper base 3, go to the bottom
4, mask 5, plastic foil
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described.
Such as Fig. 1-shown in Figure 4, the utility model comprises framework and plastic foil, wherein, further be socketed with mask 4 on the framework, framework upper is provided with upper base 2, and framework 4 bottoms are provided with goes to the bottom 3, upper base 2 and go to the bottom and be provided with 3-4 root support column 1 between 3, support column 1 and upper base 2, going to the bottom is fixedly connected with between 3; Plastic foil 5 is coated on the framework, and mask 4 covers the outside of plastic foil 5 and framework.The diameter of upper base 2 is less than going to the bottom 3 diameter, and that framework is is round table-like, among frustum, prism-frustum-shaped, cylindrical shape or the Fang Tizhuan any one, and the diameter of mask 4 is slightly less than the diameter of going to the bottom.Framework, mask 4 are metallic article or plastic products
The utility model film covering method is that the independent overlay film of every strain crop possesses solid space around the crop of overlay film, specifically comprises the steps:
(1) the overlay film mask covers for the individual plant of seedling is three-dimensional:
A, group frame, plastic foil and mask, and obtain the overlay film mask;
The field transportation of b, overlay film mask is preset with the field;
C, transplant seedling (or sowing), and the overlay film mask is covered on the individual plant seedling (or seed);
D, rupture of membranes ventilate.
Further comprise the steps:
(2) recycling of overlay film mask:
The field of e, overlay film mask removes;
F, remove the plastic foil on the overlay film mask, and framework and mask are reclaimed separately placement, for future use; With the plastic foil waste reclamation;
Step a is: large stretch of plastic foil is cut into etc. large square or circular, and the plastic foil after will cutting covers on the framework, and then mask is enclosed within the bottom of framework, and mask is pushed down the edge of plastic foil, namely obtains the overlay film mask.
Step b is: the overlay film mask is plugged together each other link together, take 100 overlay film masks as one group, the unification of many group overlay film masks is transported to the field, and every 50-100 rice (according to need of production) is placed one group of overlay film mask, prepares for transplanting seedling (or sowing).
Step c is: sprigging (or sowing) to the field, is then covered in the overlay film mask on the seedling (or seed), with the mask compacting of projection with base of frame, make seedling apart from overlay film mask top 5-8cm.
Steps d is: behind the slow seedling of seedling and when growing near overlay film mask top, with the plastic foil perforate at overlay film mask top, carry out rupture of membranes and ventilate.
Step e is: until crop enter prosperous long-term after, the overlay film mask is removed, step f is: the plastic foil on the overlay film mask is torn unifiedly collect and recycle, mask is taken off from framework, mask and framework are placed separately, in order to reusing.
The utility model is overturned traditional film coating technique method, and the utility model is simple in structure, and is easy to use; with low cost, greatly reduce labour intensity, be beneficial to environmental protection; reduce white pollution, heat and moisture preserving is effective, is conducive to the protection of disease worm and is beneficial to improve crop yield, modification quality.The key problem in technology that the utility model three-dimensional film covers, in view of the problem that film-mulching technique exists, the utility model adopt the support frame mode to realize field crops (the low-density high yield crops such as tobacco, melon and valuable nursery stock) mulch film is three-dimensional covers.Upper base (upper base) diameter that steel wire (iron wire) welds or plastics are made that is about to making is little, the rounding bench-type framework that (going to the bottom) diameter of going to the bottom is large (or make difform framework according to the characteristics of cover crop) (such as figure), and add mask (steel wire or plastics) at the larger caliber place and block mulch film, then mulch film is used the circle overcoat to clamp, make and be convenient to FOLD AND PACK, be convenient to transport, be convenient to cover the covering with plastic film basket cover of use.The technology that three-dimensional film covers can realize the batch production production of support frame, the reusing for many years of support frame; Realize the reach of overlay film extensive work, every year at slack seasons between in advance overlay film make, realize that once investment uses (except the mulch film) for many years.Film model with improvement, batch production are made the shaping membrane bag that basket frame uses of being convenient to of different model, improve the operating efficiency of mantle, save the plastics usage amount, realize the efficient energy-saving target.During use, will make overlay film basket cover and place in advance the field, plant to be planted seedling (cigarette seedling, tomato seedling, sapling etc.) directly is buckled in above the seedling after transplanting, and compresses (preventing that strong wind from blowing) with the soil block its outer edges and gets final product; Along with plant strain growth and temperature raise, can progressively increase at top end opening and ventilate, remove the film of opening that covers under the film from and delay the seedling link, when ambient temperature reached plant strain growth requirement (or plant is covered with the basket cover), the folding recovery one by one can be nested together.
Claims (3)
1. the three-dimensional overlay film apparatus of a field crop individual plant, comprise framework and plastic foil, it is characterized in that, further be socketed with mask on the described framework, described framework upper is provided with upper base, and described framework bottom is provided with goes to the bottom, and is provided with 3-4 root support column between described upper base and described the going to the bottom, described support column and described upper base are fixedly connected with between described the going to the bottom; Described plastic foil is coated on the described framework, and described mask covers the outside of described plastic foil and described framework.
2. the three-dimensional overlay film apparatus of described field crop individual plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the diameter of described upper base is less than the diameter of going to the bottom, and that described framework is is round table-like, among frustum, prism-frustum-shaped, cylindrical shape or the Fang Tizhuan any one, and the diameter of described mask is slightly less than the diameter of going to the bottom.
3. the three-dimensional overlay film apparatus of described field crop individual plant according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described framework, described mask are metallic article or plastic products.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220273863 CN202663884U (en) | 2012-06-01 | 2012-06-01 | Tool for vertically coating film on single plant of field crop |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220273863 CN202663884U (en) | 2012-06-01 | 2012-06-01 | Tool for vertically coating film on single plant of field crop |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN202663884U true CN202663884U (en) | 2013-01-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 201220273863 Expired - Fee Related CN202663884U (en) | 2012-06-01 | 2012-06-01 | Tool for vertically coating film on single plant of field crop |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102715050A (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2012-10-10 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Field crop three-dimensional film mulching method and film mulching tool adopting by field crop three-dimensional film mulching method |
| CN103798146A (en) * | 2014-03-02 | 2014-05-21 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Rapid seedling growing method for two pieces of euphylla of tobacco single plant |
| CN107006330A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-08-04 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | A kind of physical control method of new afforestation cricket and cutworm |
| CN115299276A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-11-08 | 陈士学 | Full-automatic agricultural planting film laying device and method |
-
2012
- 2012-06-01 CN CN 201220273863 patent/CN202663884U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102715050A (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2012-10-10 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Field crop three-dimensional film mulching method and film mulching tool adopting by field crop three-dimensional film mulching method |
| CN102715050B (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2013-12-25 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Field crop three-dimensional film mulching method and film mulching tool thereof |
| CN103798146A (en) * | 2014-03-02 | 2014-05-21 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Rapid seedling growing method for two pieces of euphylla of tobacco single plant |
| CN103798146B (en) * | 2014-03-02 | 2015-05-06 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Rapid seedling growing method for two pieces of euphylla of tobacco single plant |
| CN107006330A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-08-04 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | A kind of physical control method of new afforestation cricket and cutworm |
| CN115299276A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-11-08 | 陈士学 | Full-automatic agricultural planting film laying device and method |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20130116 Termination date: 20140601 |