CN202164270U

CN202164270U - High-efficiency plant carbonization furnace capable of continuously working

Info

Publication number: CN202164270U
Application number: CN2011200689707U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邹本清
Original assignee: 曲海英
Priority date: 2011-03-16
Filing date: 2011-03-16
Publication date: 2012-03-14
Anticipated expiration: 2021-03-16

Abstract

The utility model discloses a carbonization furnace. Cellulosic wastes of farming and forestry are smashed and dried and then are put into the carbonization furnace, and the carbonization furnace also can be used for activation of granular carbons and regeneration of waste carbons. The carbonization furnace is composed of a gas meter (1), a fan (2), an electric control valve (3), an air needle valve (4), a vent valve (5), a pressure signal tube (6), a membrane valve (7), a fuel gas needle tube (8), a cooling carbon discharging device (9), a reducer (10), a carbon outlet chamber (11), a waste heat chamber (12), a combustion chamber (13), a flue (14), a middle shaft (15), a rake (16), a middle shaft platform (17), a screw feeder (18), a middle shaft material-distributing tray (19), a filtering vent hole (20), a settling tank (21), a cyclone dust collector (22), a storage tank (23), a gas storage device (24), a cooling separator (25), a purifier (26), a bin (27) and a material lifting machine (28). The carbonization furnace can continuously produce carbons, wood vinegar and wood tar without external energy source, and clean fuel gas can be also remained. By adopting the carbonization furnace, the working efficiency can be improved by three to forty-five times than a traditional carbonization furnace. The carbonization furnace can be used as an energy-saving, environmentally friendly and automatic device in enterprises producing biomass energy and chemical materials.

Description

The effective botanic charred furnace of working continuously

Affiliated technical field: the utility model platymiscium type rod continuous retorting device.The water content such as farming, woods waste such as rice husk, shive, bagasse, sawdust that is specially adapted to branch, mao bamboon or has a cellulosic composition is lower than 20%.Also can be used for the activation of particle charcoal and the regeneration of waste active carbon.

Background technology: have the history record just to be improved to earth kiln in native coalpit method (the pitmethd), through being improved to the Casamance kiln, the charcoal smelting ironworker of Sweden already improves the earth kiln that Tu Tandui is designed to have chimney, can reduce calorific loss, and improves gas circulation.Use brick instead and be made as brickkiln (brickkiln) nearly decades, and the Missouri kiln that improves Brazilian honeycomb kiln, Argentina's half orange kiln, European Schwarz kiln, the U.S. is arranged again the eighties in 20th century.Wherein mostly is that the timber that needs combustion parts to add in the kiln is the energy.And the Schwarz kiln is to use the hot flue gases of outside stove.Need great deal of steel during because of construction, output is not high, so developing country fails extensively to adopt.It is more that the Missouri kiln is used.It is long that charcoal is processed the refrigerative time.Can not reclaim wood tar oil and wood vinegar.Have only the Casamance kiln to collect a spot of wood tar oil and wood vinegar in chimney bottom.In the portable metal kiln of use garden, the Europe thirties in 20th century tubular, during the World War II, Britain forest product research department has further developed this technology.Pass to developing country to the sixties.The movable carbonization stove of the forest-science academy FSU that woodsization is pressed of China design, in Acheng, Heilongjiang Province forestry bureau also to make beginning popular at home.Japan's paddy Tian Beiguang gram proposes the refining and utilisation technology of wood vinegar.Be to settle air-cooler at that time, 2 holes arranged on the earth kiln top---the ST type, 3 holes---A type, 4 holes---Type B is collected wood vinegar, and inflammable gas does not reclaim.Be/stove that popular charing equipment improves work efficiency 2-30 doubly on the market now about 12 hours 93221716.8 the patent effective botanic charred furnace has shortened carbonization time; Improved the quality of charcoal, eliminated living charcoal, the high-quality charcoal of smokeless no quick-fried jumping when having produced combustion; Fully reclaimed wood tar oil and pyroligneous liquor, can do the industrial chemicals of oil substitutes, the inflammable gas of recovery is used for having improved the output of charcoal from adopting the energy, has reduced the charcoal processing cost again.Resource makes full use of, and has eliminated environmental pollution, also is put into " national new and high technology and practical achievement project compilation ", wins state key product innovation title in 1998.Several times improve in practice, prolonged 24 times of work-ing lifes, set up gas storage device, guaranteed to adopt certainly the energy, obtained the patent No. 00260936.3; 200420063279x; 200620021259.5 for new, change, extend charcoal factory technical equipment is provided; Occupy charcoal processing always and already use the equipment top standard at present, but can not continuous production.Each production cycle, all by the heating beginning, cooling finished.Energy dissipation is big, and the production cycle is long, and the plant capacity utilization ratio is low, yields poorly, and also has energy-conservation latent profit to dig.Though the gasifying stalk device can be worked continuously, contaminate environment has gone up environmental protection equipment, has eaten up economic benefit.Because of I have designed " effective botanic charred furnace of working continuously " again a bit.Be intended to make the charcoal processing production automation, improve equipment efficiency of usage, further dig out energy-conservation latent profit, keep the former advantage of eliminating environmental pollution that makes full use of of " effective botanic charred furnace " money, be civilian barbecue, heating with the design of working continuously; The reductive agent of Metal smelting; Make dithiocarbonic anhydride, black blasting powder, fireworks, improve the soil, make green fertilizer and agricultural chemicals is supplied raw materials.

Summary of the invention: in order further to improve charcoal processing efficient, save energy, protection environment; Work continuously; The invention provides " effective botanic charred furnace of working continuously ": with the charring furnace of working continuously, replace the dry distillation still of effective botanic charred furnace, it is constant that furnace temperature is heated to the 450 degree left and right sides; And, go out the automatic heat exchange of charcoal and all done energy-saving design reinforced preheating.Again need not be for a long time heating earlier make charcoal, through the long period cooling, cause bigger energy consumption again, taken the long production cycle also to have practiced thrift inflammable gas and be for external application.

Beneficial effect: going into stove from the charcoal processing raw material only needs just to accomplish carbonization process in about 40 minutes, improves 3～45 times of work efficiency again; Raw material constantly adds, and product, pair product (wood tar oil, wood vinegar, inflammable gas) be output constantly, and resultant makes full use of, and non-pollutant discharge has been saved and administered engineering equipment and the working cost that pollutes.Particularly furnace temperature is constant need not rise higher and fall save energy greatly about 450 degree, and burning boiler etc. can be for external application.

Description of drawings: the present invention is further specified below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.Accompanying drawing is " the effective botanic charred furnace synoptic diagram of working continuously ", among the figure: 1. are gasometers, the 2nd, blower fan, 3 motor-operated control valves, 4. be the air needle-valve, 5. be vent valve, 6. pressure signal pipe 7. membrance valves, 8. right air tube pipe, 9. cooling row charcoal device, 10. step-down gear, 11. goes out that pillow block, 18. feeding screws, 19. axis material separating discs, 20. filter out pore 21. subsiders, 22. tornado dust collector, 23. storage tanks, 24 gas storage devices, 25. cooling separators, 26. cleaners, 27. feed bins, 28. cranes in charcoal chamber, used heat chambers 12., 13. combustion chambers, 14. flues, 15. axis, 16. rakes, 17..The open degree of control combustion air valve during debugging because two needle-valves reach required air-fuel ratio value on the combustion-aid air pipe, so the pressure signal pipe on the membrance valve by suitable signal pressure regulate film make through.

Specifically execute real mode: adopting membrance valve formula A.T.C is 450 degree, the open degree of control combustion air valve.Because combustion air needle-valve (4) and combustion gas needle-valve (8) are transferred to required sky (gas) combustion (gas) ratio, so the pressure signal pipe on the membrance valve makes the gas quantity through membrance valve reach the air-fuel ratio value by suitable signal pressure adjusting film.If combustion air pressure, then will be adorned vent valve (5) greater than gaseous-pressure on the pressure signal pipe signal pipe pressure is suitably reduced, combustion air and combustion gas are regulated under isobaric working condition.The sharpness of regulation of membrance valve is higher, in the turn down ratio scope, meets the requirements of the air-fuel ratio definite value.Regulate combustion air pressure and gaseous-pressure; Depended on pressure signal pipe (6) then; Press equivalent signal pressure and regulate film, make gas quantity reach empty (gas) combustion (gas) ratio through membrance valve, like combustion air pressure greater than gaseous-pressure; Then signal pressure is dropped to moderately, control from row vent valve (5); Blower fan (2) links to each other with used heat chamber (12) with motor-operated control valve (3) air needle-valve (4); The temperature that gas storage device (24) makes combustible gas arrange charcoal device (9) reduction charcoal through gasometer (1), membrance valve (7), right air tube pipe (8) entering cooling is lower than 60 degrees centigrade and goes out charcoal, has practiced thrift the energy of cooling, has accelerated cooling rate; Improve the degree of inflammable gas again, it gets into combustion chamber (13) burning raising liberated heat through used heat chamber (12), in the process that flue (14) is discharged; Heated charring furnace; When temperature reaches 400～500 degrees centigrade, start lift, the control input speed reaches the biomass-making carbon feedstock is delivered to the charring furnace upper side wall; Regulate flow control and suitably absorb the charing waste heat, must protect the raw material water cut is good about 15%.Like superelevation moisture content, must after dry the adjusting, use again earlier.Start reductor again, the axis operation.Biological material is interior through on the axis material separating disc (19) that rotates to axis material separating disc (19) input stove by feeding screw (18); Become scattered about under its excircle; Nearly furnace wall is rotated rake by rake (16) with axis and is fallen into lower floor, experiences four layers successively and has promptly realized biomass pyrolysis process.Gaseous product purifies (20) settling bath, tornado dust collector (22) and isolates carbon particle and wood tar oil and inject the remaining gas of storage tank (23) and get into wood vinegar that cooling separator (25) tells and enter the remaining noncondensable gas of storage tank (23) by outlet down to purify entering gas storage device (24) once more through cleaner (26) subsequent use through once filtering out gas port again behind axis material separating disc high temperature filtration; Charcoal processing have a surplus inflammable gas can be outer boiler of feeding use, the large paper edition invention institute combustible gas that produces can supply the usefulness of generating electricity through debugging.The charcoal that generates fall out charcoal chamber (11) three times through overcooling row's charcoal device (9) fully with normal temperature inflammable gas heat-shift, reduced the heat of charcoal, reach the purpose of charcoal.Reclaimed heat energy simultaneously.The whole production cycle is only used about 40 minutes by being fed to out charcoal, and effective botanic charred furnace improves 2～30 times than other contemporary charing equipment.Can improve 3～45 times more again after realizing producing continuously, thoroughly changing with raw material is the situation of the charcoal processing energy, has improved the output of charcoal processing; Reduced the charcoal processing cost; Having reclaimed industrial chemicals wood tar, pyrolkigneous liquid again is the substitute of oil.Particularly from the inflammable gas of gathering and processing charcoal, exempted to be for external application to residue by force by confession, effect is remarkable.

Claims

1. effective botanic charred furnace of working continuously; After being heated to furnace temperature about 450 degree; Can continuous charging, go out product; And to reinforced preheating, go out the automatic heat exchange of charcoal, it is characterized in that by: gasometer (1), blower fan (2), motor-operated control valve (3), air needle-valve (4), vent valve (5), pressure signal pipe (6) membrance valve (7), combustion gas needle tubing (8) are linked to be film type gas heating homothermic automatic control system; By cooling row charcoal device (9), step-down gear (10), go out charcoal chamber (11), used heat chamber (12), combustion chamber (13), flue (14), axis (15), rake (16), middle pillow block (17), feeding screw (18), axis material separating disc (19), filter out pore (20), subsider (21) forms continuous charcoal processing system; Tornado dust collector (22), cooling separator (25), cleaner (26) are formed automatic continuous purification recovery system; Storage tank (23), gas storage device (24), feed bin (27), crane (28) link.

2. its characteristic of effective botanic charred furnace of working continuously according to claim 1 connects gas storage device (24) to be made combustible gas get into temperature that cooling row's charcoal device (9) reduces charcoal through gasometer (1), membrance valve (7), combustion gas needle tubing (8) to be lower than 60 degrees centigrade and to go out charcoal.

3. the effective botanic charred furnace of working continuously according to claim 1 it is characterized in that the charcoal that generates fall out charcoal chamber (11) three times through overcooling row's charcoal device (9) fully with normal temperature inflammable gas heat-shift.

4. the effective botanic charred furnace of working continuously according to claim 1 is characterized in that starting step-down gear; The axis operation; Biological material, is become scattered about under its excircle to the interior axis material separating disc (19) through rotation of axis material separating disc (19) input stove by feeding screw (18), and nearly furnace wall falls into lower floor by rake (16) with axis rotation rake; Experience four layers successively and promptly realized biomass pyrolysis process; Gas port purifies (20) settling bath to gaseous product, carbon particle isolated by tornado dust collector (22) and wood tar oil injects storage tank (23) through once filtering out again behind axis material separating disc high temperature filtration, and gas gets into cooling separator (25), and the wood vinegar that goes out enters storage tank (23) by following outlet; Surplus noncondensable gas is through cleaner (26), and it is subsequent use that inferior purification gets into gas storage device (24).

5. the effective botanic charred furnace of working continuously according to claim 1 is characterized in that biological material is interior through on the axis material separating disc (19) that rotates to axis material separating disc (19) input stove by feeding screw (18); Become scattered about under its excircle; Nearly furnace wall is rotated rake by rake (16) with axis and is fallen into lower floor; Experience four layers successively and promptly realized biomass pyrolysis process, gas port purifies (20) settling bath to gaseous product, carbon particle isolated by tornado dust collector (22) and wood tar oil injects storage tank (23) through once filtering out again behind axis material separating disc high temperature filtration.

6. the effective botanic charred furnace of working continuously according to claim 1 is characterized in that the wood vinegar that remaining gas entering cooling separator (25) is told enters storage tank (23) by exporting down.