CN103074118A - Pyrolysis-gasification integrated conversion and utilization system and method for waste agricultural resources - Google Patents
Pyrolysis-gasification integrated conversion and utilization system and method for waste agricultural resources Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a pyrolysis-gasification integrated conversion and utilization system for waste agricultural resources and a method used by the same. According to the system, an air inducing device sucks a mixture of combustion gas and soot generated by a pyrolysis device into a solid-gas separating device, combustion gas enters into a multifunctional heat exchanger and a secondary condensation device and then into the air inducing device and is finally injected into an air inducing control system consisting of a purifying device, a gas-flow feedback pipeline and a gas exhausting assembly, the purified combustion gas enters into a gas feeder, then combustible gas and mixed liquor of tar and acetic acid are separated after heat exchange, and hot water is obtained, wherein hot water and the combustible gas are respectively utilized by a waste heat supply device and the gas feeder to concentratedly supply gas, heat and hot water for residents, acetic acid can be used as a biological foliar fertilizer, a biopesticide or a biological bactericide, and tar can be used as an industrial raw material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Apparatus and method for that utilizes of the waste resources such as a kind of industrial organic solid-state castoff, agricultural biomass waste, particularly relating to a kind ofly take agricultural crop straw as the main comprehensive trans-utilization Apparatus and method for of biomass waste resource pyrolytic gasification, also is the comprehensive trans-utilization Apparatus and method for of a kind of worker's organic solid-state waste resource pyrolytic gasification.
Background technology
China is a large agricultural country, has produced the biomass resources such as a large amount of agricultural crop straws, fervent slag in agriculture production and processing of farm products.Traditional utilizes mode mainly as home energy source, feed, fertilizer, industrial raw material and material of construction.Fast development along with agrotechnique modernization and rural economy, the life in the countryside level significantly improves and the sudden change of the mode of production of living, rural households select the ratio of commercial energy resource improving constantly, the quantity of agricultural crop straw as the energy is constantly descended, and commercial energy resource (such as coal, liquefied gas etc.) has become main cooking energy.Cultivation institute is in order to biomass straw, and the weeds feed is substituted by commercial feed, and the required biomass organic fertilizer of agriculture production is substituted by inorganic fertilizer, and the used stalk of life of farmers and agriculture production sharply descends.Simultaneously, agricultural crop straw output is with farm crop, particularly the increase of food crop output and very fast increase.Drug on the market causes that stalk is abandoned in the field, the house courtyard for agricultural crop straw, even directly burned in the field.Abandonment can affect environment and initiation fire at the stalk in house courtyard and field, causes pollution of waterhead.Crop straw burning can polluted air in the open, the harm people ' s health, especially on the airport, the near Highway burning can affect traffic safety, causes the aircraft grounding, the car tracing cauda collision, shade tree such as is burnt at the adverse consequences.Although various places government has all put into effect the rules of forbidding Open Burning Crop Residue at present, the open incineration agricultural crop straw still remains incessant after repeated prohibition, and environment causes severe contamination, causes the tremendous economic loss to society.
When the biomass resources such as stalk are wasted; the combustion gas of using in China's industrial and agricultural production, fuel oil, heat energy, coal, oil, etc. present main fossil energy day by day reducing; famine, energy dilemma have become the bottleneck problem of the world and social development.It is present problem in the urgent need to address.
China has a large population and a few land, particularly the arable land of agricultural needs a large amount of agricultural chemicals, inorganic fertilizer by life-time service for improving grain near red line in agriculture production, reaches prevention and elimination of disease and pests, improves the purpose of grain yield.Because the life-time service of agricultural chemicals, inorganic fertilizer, utilization ratio is low, causes residual in soil and farm crop.Cause soil, water source, grain, vegetables, fruit to pollute.Pesticide residue in grain, vegetables, the fruit have jeopardized health of human body safety.Affect the raising of life in the countryside level and quality.
Along with the fast development of society, people more and more add attention for energy-saving and emission-reduction and ecological environmental protection, constantly seek to use the new energy, control atmosphere pollution, and energy-saving and emission-reduction reduce Greenhouse effect.The technology that comprehensively is converted into available stock with biomass waste resources such as agricultural crop straw, ight soil, fervent slags has caused showing great attention to of departments at different levels of government.
The thermo-cracking of biomass refers to the thermal destruction of biomass (comprising sawmilling, firewood, weeds, pine needle leaf, crop material, edible fungi residues) under the condition of fully anoxic or limited oxygen supply, finally forms the process of inflammable gas, tar, acetic acid and heat.The thermal-cracking method of biomass comprises that limit oxygen heat-transmission solution, limit oxygen charcoal (gas) heat-transmission solution, over dry heat up in a steamer pyrolysis method, different according to reaction conditions and product, biomass pyrolysis device divides again biomass pyrogenation gasification stove, the biomass pyrolytic carbon (gas) of the oxygen that is limited to change stove and anoxybiotic carbonization charcoal (gas) is changed stove etc.
The biomass pyrolytic technology is the biomass resource trans-utilization technology of present comparative maturity, but the purification of pyrolysis conversion product, separation, collecting device in the existing biomass pyrogenation gasification device are perfect not enough, and conversion product collection utilization ratio is not high.For example the purification of pyrolysis conversion product, separation, the collecting device in the existing biomass pyrogenation gasification device mostly adopts wet (washing pouring) method purification separation.For example the patent No. is 200720013160.5 Chinese patent, and wherein the inner cooling filter that water is housed of i.e. employing cools off and filters, and also will be through the drip washing of spray thrower in the cleaner before entering cooling filter.Tar, acetic acid, drench water and together discharge with washing, both can not get effective utilization, caused again water source and soil pollution.In biomass pyrolytic, be accompanied by the generation of amount of heat, after need to lowering the temperature, could use the high-temperature combustible gas body that carries heat, drench in the temperature-fall period washing, heat often drenches water and together discharges with washing, and can not get effectively utilizing and has been wasted.Therefore, designing a kind of brand-new biomass waste resource pyrolytic gasification utilization system and method, replace traditional energy utilization pattern, is the problem that will study at present.
This shows, the waste resources such as above-mentioned existing biomass waste utilize Apparatus and method in product structure, manufacture method and use, obviously still have inconvenience and defective, and demand urgently further being improved.In order to solve the problem of above-mentioned existence, relevant manufacturer there's no one who doesn't or isn't seeks solution painstakingly, but have no for a long time applicable design is finished by development always, and common product and method do not have appropriate structure and method to address the above problem, and this obviously is the problem that the anxious wish of relevant dealer solves.Therefore how to found a kind of new comprehensive trans-utilization system and method for agriculture waste resource pyrolytic gasification, real one of the current important research and development problem that belongs to, also becoming the current industry utmost point needs improved target.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the existing existing defective of agricultural wastes conversion using and drawback, provide a kind of can be fully, take full advantage of the comprehensive trans-utilization system and method for pyrolytic gasification of industrial organic solid-state castoff, agricultural biomass waste material, have the advantage that trans-utilization is complete, cost is low, effective.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that adopts to be: the comprehensive trans-utilization of agriculture waste resource pyrolytic gasification system, comprise pyrolysis plant and air feeder, also be provided with multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus and Yu Wen heating plant, be provided with the insulation thermal insulation layer at multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus outside surface, be provided with gas passage and condensation water channel in it, gas passage import in the multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus is connected with the combustion gas output tube of pyrolysis plant by the solid and gas tripping device, and gas passage outlet process air inducing equipment connection is to air feeder; Connecting pipeline outside surface at solid and gas tripping device and solid and gas tripping device is provided with the insulation thermal insulation layer; Remaining warm heating plant comprises retaining surge tank, in-line pump I, boiler and heating network, condensation water channel import in the multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus is connected with the water outlet of retaining surge tank by control valve A, and the condensation water channel outlet is connected with the water-in of retaining surge tank; The water outlet of retaining surge tank is connected with condensation water channel import in the multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus through boiler and heating network successively, more than in-line pump I is arranged on the water-filled pipe of warm heating plant; Connecting pipeline in heating network and condensation water channel import is provided with control valve B; Be provided with the condensation water outlet in multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus bottom, gas passage is connected with the standing separation device by the condensation water outlet.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems also can be applied to the following technical measures to achieve further.
The outside of described multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus also is provided with the insulation thermal insulation layer.
Described standing separation device comprises the standing separation chamber, is provided with successively from the bottom to top mink cell focus outlet, acetic acid outlet and lightweight oil outlet on the standing separation chamber.
Described multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus is made of one group of multifunction heat exchanger, perhaps is made of multifunction heat exchanger parallel connection more than two groups; Wherein every group of multifunction heat exchanger forms by the multifunction heat exchanger of a multifunction heat exchanger or series connection more than two; Series system is: the gas passage outlet of previous multifunction heat exchanger connects the gas passage import of a rear multifunction heat exchanger, and the condensation water channel import of previous multifunction heat exchanger connects the condensation water channel outlet of a rear multifunction heat exchanger; Parallel way is: each is organized gas passage import in first multifunction heat exchanger and condensation water channel outlet respectively and connects, and each is organized gas passage outlet in last multifunction heat exchanger and condensation water channel import respectively and connects.
Described multifunction heat exchanger, its condensation water channel import is arranged on the bottom, and the condensation water channel outlet arranges top.
Native system also is provided with B grade condensing unit, the gas passage outlet of multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus is through gas passage and the air inducing equipment connection of B grade condensing unit, the condensation water channel import of B grade condensing unit is connected with the water source by in-line pump II, and the condensation water channel outlet of B grade condensing unit is connected to the water source.
Also be provided with purification device on the connecting pipeline of described air inducing equipment and air feeder.
Described air inducing equipment, its wind pipe are connected with intake stack by connecting with the air-flow feedback pipeline that is connected firearm with regulated valve, and air-flow feedback pipeline is provided with the examination firearm.
Described air inducing equipment, its wind pipe also are connected by the emptying assembly of valve and gas, and the top of the emptying assembly of gas is provided with blow-down pipe, are provided with drenching sprayer in the emptying assembly of gas.
The method that adopts the comprehensive trans-utilization of agriculture waste resource pyrolytic gasification system to carry out comprehensive utilization of resources comprises the steps:
Step 1, at first biomass material is sent into pyrolysis plant and lighting, utilize negative pressure that air inducing equipment produces in pyrolysis plant and multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus with the air intake pyrolysis plant to provide reaction required vaporized chemical, the high temperature pyrolysis that biomass material utilizes oxidation to form in pyrolysis plant produces the mixed gas that contains inflammable gas, tar gas, acetic acid G﹠W steam;
Step 2, utilize negative pressure that air inducing equipment produces that the mixing gas of inflammable gas, tar gas, acetic acid G﹠W steam in the pyrolysis plant is together sucked the gas passage of multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus; Mix gas enter behind the gas passage with condensation water channel in water of condensation carry out thermal exchange, heat is passed to water of condensation, form hot water; After mixing the gas cooling, tar gas, the cooling of acetic acid G﹠W steam condense into tar, acetic acid mixed solution;
Step 3,
(a), the utilization of inflammable gas: utilize air inducing equipment that inflammable gas is sent into air feeder, provide combustion gas by air feeder to the boiler of gas user and Yu Wen heating plant;
(b), the utilization of tar, acetic acid: condense into mixing liquid after the tar-acetic mixing steam cooling in the gas passage, tar, acetic acid mixed solution enter the standing separation device from the condensation water outlet that multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus bottom arranges; Tar, acetic acid mixed solution staticly settle in the standing separation device, because the objectionable intermingling of each composition and proportion is different, obtains mink cell focus, acetic acid and lightweight oil behind the tar-acetic mixed solution precipitated and separated and are collected utilization;
(c), the utilization of heat: water of condensation enters the retaining surge tank behind the absorbing heat in condensation water channel, water temperature in the retaining surge tank is raise, and delivering to heating network after utilizing in-line pump I that the hot water in the retaining surge tank is delivered to boiler and heated provides heating installation for the user again; Utilize the retaining surge tank to provide hot water service to hot water pipe net; Water of condensation in heating network after the heat radiation is again sent into multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus and is carried out next time waste heat circulation.
Adopt the comprehensive trans-utilization of pyrolytic gasification of the present invention system to realize the on the spot trans-utilization of stalk in the agriculture production, use as urban residents' cooking, bathing, heating by pyrolysis generation inflammable gas and heat; Tar can change into biological gasoline diesel oil, and acetic acid can be used as crops pesticide or sterilant or foliage fertilizer for agriculture production; Can solve the pollution problem that the agricultural crop straw surplus causes like this, change into again new Utilizing Resource Pattern.The comprehensive trans-utilization of pyrolytic gasification of the present invention system also be applicable to simultaneously industrial solid organic waste (as, plastics bag, Plastic Bottle, Polywoven Bag) trans-utilization.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the high-temperature combustible gas body that pyrolysis plant produces in the technical program and tar-acetic mixing steam are passed to heat the water of condensation in the condensation water channel in multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus, condense into liquid after the cooling of tar-acetic mixing steam and flow into the standing separation device from the bottom, when finishing cooling, namely finished the separation of tar-acetic mixing steam.Adopt this mode not only can sound tar-acetic to be separated, and because what adopt is that dry method is separated, isolated tar and acetic acid can fully be recycled.The heat that is passed to water of condensation can heat to the user by heating network, and heating system comprises heating installation and hot water etc., takes full advantage of the energy in the biomass resource.Condensation water channel import in the multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus is connected with the water outlet of retaining surge tank by control valve A, and at the connecting pipeline of heating network and condensation water channel import control valve B is set, switching by control valve A and control valve B can realize access or the excision of remaining warm heating plant, to adapt to different needs in season.The supply of hot water can be by hot water pipe net being accessed the retaining surge tank, by retaining surge tank hot-water supply.The multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus that the technical program adopts is composed in series by a plurality of multifunction heat exchangers, and the flow direction of gas is opposite with the flow direction of water of condensation in the multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus, gas is fully cooled off, also can guarantee condensable gas (tar-acetic mixing steam) all condensation and sedimentation, thereby condensable gas is thoroughly separated from combustion gas, guaranteed the purity of combustion gas.In the technical program, for the temperature that guarantees simultaneously residual heat heating and the cooling temperature of gas, B grade condensing unit can also be set, B grade condensing unit does not only reach at gas temperature and uses when cooling requires, and guarantees cooling performance.With the air outlet of air inducing equipment and blast inlet by being with valvular air-flow feedback pipeline to connect, can when carrying air quantity not reach to require, the air-flow of output be fed back to the blast inlet of air inducing equipment by air-flow feedback pipeline, thereby guarantee the normal operation of air inducing equipment, improve the stability of flow delivery systems.For purifying gas, connecting pipeline that can gas passage import in the combustion gas output tube of pyrolysis plant and multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus arranges the solid and gas tripping device, enter multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus behind the gas process solid and gas tripping device that produces, by the solid and gas tripping device suspended solid in the gas is isolated.Connecting pipeline at air inducing equipment and air feeder arranges purification device; can prevent by purification device that dust granules or tar steam from increasing unusually causes filtering not exclusively; and water-bath type dust removal and filtration assembly can be set in purification device; can when filtering, play the effect of water seal, prevent fuel gas return-flow.In sum, the present invention had both finished the combustion gas utilization of biomass resource pyrolytic gasification by simple, practical system, thoroughly separated again and had collected tar and acetic acid, had realized effective utilization of bio-oil and biomass wood vinegar; And effectively utilized the waste heat in the pyrolytic process, reached the purpose that transforms and utilize biomass resource fully.
This law also has the following advantages:
1, the agriculture and forestry organic waste materials such as the stalks of farm crop, faggot, rice husk is needed to do pre-treatment hardly and carry out pyrolysis, obtain straw charcoal, combustion gas, tar, wood vinegar, heat energy.By straw charcoal, combustion gas, wood vinegar, tar recombinant are utilized, make fertilizer, combustion gas and fuel oil, heat energy.Make the agricultural waste utilization rate reach 100%.
2, equipment is simple, continuously-running, and maintenance cost is low, manufacturing cost reduces relatively, thereby can significantly reduce running cost, increases economic efficiency, on the practicality of using and cost benefit, it is required really to meet rural economic development fully, quite has the industry development utility value.
3, opened up the new energy access in rural area, solved in agricultural and forestry production and the life and use fertilizer, combustion gas, fuel oil, the problem of heat energy famine.Alleviated the immense pressure of using conventional traditional energy environmental pollution.
4, solved crop straw burning, the livestock and poultry manure huddles and leaves about, the bottleneck problem of the agriculture grain of residual and seriously polluted impact that the long-term application chemical fertilizer causes to air, water source, soil, vegetables, melon and fruit safety in production and health of human body safety, life in the countryside and ecotope have been improved, life of farmers level and quality have been improved, realized the purpose of agricultural wastes " it is clean to turn waste into wealth, eat dried press for extracting juice " has been promoted the new countryside construction development.Huge agricultural wastes comprehensive utilization of resources industry be can form, huge economic benefit, social benefit, political benefit, environmental benefit produced.
In sum, the comprehensive trans-utilization system and method for agriculture waste resource pyrolytic gasification of the present invention, its system comprises pyrolysis plant, air feeder, multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus and Yu Wen heating plant, the gas passage of multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus is connected with air feeder with pyrolysis plant respectively, and condensation water channel is connected with remaining temperature heating plant; Its method is that the biomass waste raw material is sent into the mixed gas that the pyrolysis plant high temperature pyrolysis becomes to contain inflammable gas, tar gas, acetic acid G﹠W steam; To mix gas sucks multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus and carries out thermal exchange, isolate combustible gas, tar-acetic mixed solution after the heat exchange, and obtaining hot water, hot water and combustible gas are given resident's central gas supply, heating, supplying hot water respectively by remaining temperature heating plant and air feeder utilization; Acetic acid can be used as biological foliage fertilizer or biotic pesticide or biological bactericide, and tar is as the industrial raw material utilization.The biomass waste resource transforms comprehensively that to collect utilization ratio nearly 100%, does not produce secondary pollution.The present invention has significant progress technically, and has obvious positively effect, really is a new and innovative, progressive, practical new design.
Above-mentioned explanation only is the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, for can clearer understanding technique means of the present invention, and can be implemented according to the content of specification sheets, and for above and other purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent, below especially exemplified by preferred embodiment, and the cooperation accompanying drawing, be described in detail as follows.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the embodiment synoptic diagram of multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus;
Fig. 3 is the set-up mode synoptic diagram of B grade condensing unit;
Fig. 4 is the set-up mode synoptic diagram of air-flow feedback pipeline and the emptying assembly of gas;
Fig. 5 is the set-up mode synoptic diagram of standing separation device;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention.
1: pyrolysis plant 2: air feeder
3: multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 4: multifunction heat exchanger
5: B grade condensing unit 6: the gas passage import
7: gas passage outlet 8: condensation water channel import
9: condensation water channel outlet 10: the condensation water outlet
11: air inducing equipment 12: the retaining surge tank
13: standing separation device 131: the standing separation chamber
132: mink cell focus outlet 133: the acetic acid outlet
134: lightweight oil outlet 14: in-line pump I
15: boiler 16: heating network
17: in-line pump II 18: the water source,
19: solid and gas tripping device 20: purification device
21: air-flow feedback pipeline 22: the emptying assembly of gas
221: blow-down pipe 222: drenching sprayer
23: control valve A 24: control valve B
25: examination firearm 26: user
27: fertilizer production apparatus.
Embodiment
Reach technique means and the effect that predetermined goal of the invention is taked for further setting forth the present invention, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, comprehensive its embodiment of trans-utilization system and method for agriculture waste resource pyrolytic gasification, structure, manufacture method, step, feature and effect thereof to foundation the present invention proposes are described in detail as follows.
As shown in Figure 1, the comprehensive trans-utilization of biomass waste resource pyrolytic gasification system comprises pyrolysis plant 1 and air feeder 2.Pyrolysis plant 1 can adopt the at present various common structure forms in the pyrolytic gasification field of the biomass resources such as stalk.Pyrolysis occurs in biomass resource in pyrolysis plant 1, produce high temperature CO, CH
4, H
2Deng inflammable gas and be attended by high temperature CO
2, N
2The condensable gas such as non-combustible gas and high-temperature coke oil gas, acetic acid gas, water vapor.Air feeder 2 is used for collecting the combustion gas that storage makes, and provides gas supply to gas ductwork.Native system also is provided with multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 and Yu Wen heating plant, is provided with the insulation thermal insulation layer at multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 outside surfaces, is provided with gas passage and condensation water channel in it.Gas passage is arranged in the condensation water channel, and perhaps condensation water channel is arranged in the gas passage, so that two interior flowing materials of passage carry out thermal exchange.Gas passage import 6 in the multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 is connected with the combustion gas output tube of pyrolysis plant 1 by solid and gas tripping device 19, and gas passage outlet 7 process air inducing equipment 11 are connected to air feeder 2; Connecting pipeline outside surface at solid and gas tripping device 19 and solid and gas tripping device 19 is provided with the insulation thermal insulation layer; Skin at multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 also can arrange the insulation thermal insulation layer, guarantees that heat does not does not scatter and disappear, and utilizes heat energy to greatest extent.The insulation thermal insulation layer can adopt the conventional lagging materials such as insulating cotton, also can adopt other lagging material.Mixed gas needs to be incubated before entering multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3, reducing on the one hand the high-temperature gas mixture body heat content scatters and disappears, make on the other hand mixed gas keep higher steady temperature, prevent from being combined with the dust in the gas after tar, acetic acid, the vapor condenses and being attached on the inwall of equipment and pipeline, cause equipment and gas passage to stop up, it is separated from the gas to be beneficial to dust.Solid and gas tripping device 19 can be the combination of one or more forms such as strainer, sack cleaner, tornado dust collector, inertial dust separator, its setting position also can be various ways, for example be arranged between the connecting tube of equipment or be arranged on pipe interior, all can adopt as long as can reach the form of dedusting purpose.
Remaining warm heating plant comprises retaining surge tank 12, in-line pump I 14, boiler 15 and heating network 16.Condensation water channel import 8 in the multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 is connected with the water outlet of retaining surge tank 12 by control valve A 23, and condensation water channel exports 9 and is connected with the water-in of retaining surge tank 12; After opening control valve A 23, water of condensation circulates between multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 and retaining surge tank 12.The water outlet of retaining surge tank 12 is connected with heating network through boiler 15 successively and is connected with condensation water channel import 8 in the multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3, more than in-line pump I 14 is arranged on the water-filled pipe of warm heating plant; Connecting pipeline in heating network 16 and condensation water channel import 8 is provided with control valve B24.Retaining surge tank 12 is tank, can adopt single or multiple in parallel uses, plays the effect of transfer buffering, stored hot water in water circulation path.In this technical scheme, water of condensation has two kinds of circulating paths.When control valve A 23 opens, when control valve B 24 closed, water of condensation flowed at retaining surge tank 12 and multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 internal recycle; When needs heat, control valve A 23 is closed, control valve B 24 and in-line pump I 14 open, water of condensation is being flowed in the circulation path that retaining surge tank 12, boiler 15, heating network 16 and multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 form under the effect of in-line pump I 14, can be user's heating by heating network 16.When heating, if hot water does not reach the temperature requirement of heating, can utilize boiler 15 to heat the raising temperature.In the technical program, can also the hot water in the retaining surge tank 12 be introduced resident family or bathing pool by hot water pipe net, to realize hot water service, need to control the water level in the retaining surge tank 12 during hot water service, in time amount of makeup water.Replenishing of the water yield can be adopted any feasible mode, and a connecting tube for example is set, and utilizes in the water suction retaining surge tank 12 of in-line pump II with the water source, also retaining surge tank 12 can be connected with running water pipe.
Be provided with condensation water outlet 10 in multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 bottoms, the gas passage of multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 is connected with standing separation device 13 by condensation water outlet 10; Water of condensation constantly absorbs the heat of high-temperature gas in the gas passage in flow process and takes away, gas temperature is reduced, the condensable gas such as tar gas, acetic acid gas, water vapor condense into mixing liquid, enter standing separation device 13 from the condensation water of multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 bottoms outlet 10.Standing separation device 13 can be a storage vessel or a settling tank, the tar that condenses and acetic acid can staticly settle in standing separation device 13, because each composition objectionable intermingling is different with proportion, the mixed solution that condenses obtains mink cell focus, acetic acid and lightweight oil through layering after leaving standstill.Combustion gas after the cooling is sent into air feeder 2 by the effect of air inducing equipment and is stored.
As shown in Figure 5, described standing separation device 13 comprises standing separation chamber 131, is provided with successively from the bottom to top mink cell focus outlet 132, acetic acid outlet 133 and lightweight oil outlet 134 on standing separation chamber 131.The tar that condenses and acetic acid staticly settle after entering standing separation chamber 131, because the proportion of each composition is different, thereby be divided into the mink cell focus of bottom, lightweight oil and the middle acetic acid on top, by corresponding position on standing separation chamber 131 outlet is set, mink cell focus, acetic acid and lightweight oil is derived to collect utilize.For the ease of fertiliser production, acetic acid can be exported 133 and be connected to fertilizer production apparatus 27, but isolated acetic acid is delivered to fertilizer production apparatus 27 with as the composting raw material, is directly used in composting production.Mink cell focus outlet 132 and lightweight oil outlet 134 are connected to storage vessel, collect respectively storage.
Described multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 is made of one group of multifunction heat exchanger, perhaps is made of multifunction heat exchanger parallel connection more than two groups.Wherein every group of multifunction heat exchanger forms by the multifunction heat exchanger 4 of a multifunction heat exchanger 4 or series connection more than two.In each multifunction heat exchanger 4, be equipped with gas passage and condensation water channel, also be provided with condensation water outlet 10 in the bottom of multifunction heat exchanger 4.Both finished the thermal exchange of high-temperature gas mixture body and water of condensation by multifunction heat exchanger 4, finished again that the high-temperature gas mixture body is coal-tar middle oil, the condensation separation of acetic acid, water vapor, gathered multi-function in integral whole, simple and practical.
The embodiment of Fig. 2 is that three multifunction heat exchangers are connected into one group set-up mode.Series system is: the gas passage outlet of previous multifunction heat exchanger is connected with the gas passage import of a rear multifunction heat exchanger, and the condensation water channel import of previous multifunction heat exchanger is connected with the outlet of the condensation water channel of a rear multifunction heat exchanger.The flow direction of gas is opposite with the flow direction of water of condensation in the multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus, guarantees that the water of condensation and the high-temperature gas that carry out thermal exchange have the larger temperature difference all the time, thereby has improved the efficient of heat exchange.Adopt the mode of a plurality of multifunction heat exchanger 4 series connection according to the cooling demand adjustment access number of combustion gas, in the time combustion gas need to being dropped to lower temperature, only to need the number of the multifunction heat exchanger 4 of increase serial connection to get final product.Adopt the mode of connection of many group multifunction heat exchangers 4 parallel connections, can adapt to the gas production rate demand of different scales.Parallel way is in the drawings for drawing, its mode of connection is: each is organized gas passage import in first multifunction heat exchanger and condensation water channel outlet respectively and connects, and each is organized gas passage outlet in last multifunction heat exchanger and condensation water channel import respectively and connects.When gas production rate is large, with two groups of multifunction heat exchangers, 4 in parallel uses, the ability of processing mixed gas is multiplied.Adopt the mode of a plurality of multifunction heat exchanger 4 serial or parallel connections multifunction heat exchanger 4 can be used as the standardized component use, a gasification that only needs to adapt to different scales according to the access number that gas production rate and the combustion gas cooling demand of system are adjusted multifunction heat exchanger 4 utilizes system.Therefore, utilize system for the gasification of different size, its device structure and set-up mode do not need otherwise designed, as long as the simple access number of adjusting can be satisfied the demand the strong adaptability of system.The condensation water channel import 8 of multifunction heat exchanger 4 is arranged on the bottom of multifunction heat exchanger, and condensation water channel outlet 9 is arranged on the top of multifunction heat exchanger.At equipment out of service and stop to supply water after, can preserve certain water yield in the condensation water channel of multifunction heat exchanger 4, avoid condensation water channel and contact with air and oxidation and rusting occur.
Because the needs for warm supplying hot water, water temperature in the retaining surge tank 12 had certain requirement, when retaining surge tank 12 interior water temperatures are higher, the recirculated water of depending merely between retaining surge tank 12 and the multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 possibly can't reach the standard-required that makes mixed gas reach cooling, separate, and needs at this moment that other employing does not participate in heating, the recirculated water of supplying hot water is lowered the temperature.As shown in Figure 3, native system also is provided with B grade condensing unit 5, and the structure of B grade condensing unit 5 is identical with multifunction heat exchanger 4 structures.The gas passage outlet of multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 is connected with air inducing equipment 11 through the gas passage of B grade condensing unit 5, the condensation water channel import of B grade condensing unit 5 is connected with water source 18 by in-line pump II 17, and the condensation water channel outlet of B grade condensing unit 5 is connected to water source 18.Lower the temperature by the recirculated water between B grade condensing unit 5 and the water source 18, with the standard-required that guarantees that mixed gas reaches cooling, separates.
Because the diversity of the raw material that adopts in the pyrolysis plant 1 in the gasification and pyrolysis process, produces high temperature CO, CH
4, H
2Deng inflammable gas and be attended by high temperature CO
2, N
2Condensable gas and the dusts such as non-combustible gas and high-temperature coke oil gas, acetic acid gas, water vapor, under the more situation of impurities from mixed gas, for guaranteeing the degree of cleaning of combustible gas, native system is provided with purification device 20.As shown in Figure 6, connecting pipeline at air inducing equipment 11 and air feeder 2 is provided with purification device 20, purification device 20 can adopt existing air filter unit, can adopt bathe wash, drip washing, flushing, the technological method such as air filtration, air separation, and water-bath assembly, gas filtering component are set, the air separation assembly in purification device.By purification device, acetic acid in the combustible gas can be removed in water-bath, filtration, sepn process, tar is residual or CO
2, N
2Non-combustible gas plays the effect of water seal simultaneously, prevents fuel gas return-flow, guarantees system's operating safety.
In service in system, raw material raw thickness, intensity in pyrolysis plant change, cause air introducing amount, pyrolysis gas quantum of output, enter the mixed gas flow in the multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3, the load of air inducing equipment 11 changes, cause system's fluctuation of service, can damage air inducing equipment 11 in the serious situation.For addressing this problem, native system is provided with air-flow feedback pipeline 21, as shown in Figure 4, the wind pipe of air inducing equipment 11 is connected with intake stack to connect with the air-flow feedback pipeline 21 of regulated valve, open valve the air-flow of air inducing equipment 11 output is returned intake stack, the air output of adequate compensation air inducing equipment 11 can guarantee the normal steady running of air inducing equipment 11.And adopt this air-flow feedback mode to avoid the problem that reduces from the gas concentration that the external complement air-flow causes.
At the initial stage that system comes into operation, the content of inflammable gas is very low in the mixed gas of pyrolysis plant 1 output, does not reach the requirement of burning, therefore this gas can not be sent into air feeder 2.Be head it off, as shown in Figure 4, the wind pipe of air inducing equipment 11 is connected by the emptying assembly 22 of valve and gas, the top of the emptying assembly 22 of gas is provided with blow-down pipe 221, in the emptying assembly 22 of gas, be provided with drenching sprayer 222, after the gas that the System Operation initial stage produces enters the emptying assembly 22 of gas, remove residual flue dust and tar by the water of drenching sprayer 222 ejections after, discharge by blow-down pipe 221.
For whether viewing system operation is normal, at the air-flow feedback pipeline 21 of air inducing equipment 11 examination firearm 25 is set, can judge by the combustion case of observing examination firearm 25 eluting gass whether combustion gas quality and system's operation be normal.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of one embodiment of the present of invention.The service object of the comprehensive trans-utilization of biomass waste resource pyrolytic gasification system is a natural village in this embodiment, and air feeder 2 provides combustion gas for a plurality of users 26 simultaneously, and the heating unit of boiler 15 also provides fuel by air feeder 2.Heating network access user 26 is at indoor heating radiator that arranges of the user 26.After sending into heating network from the hot water of boiler 15 output, at user's 26 indoor radiatings, for the user improves heating installation.Participate in thermal exchange through the multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 of the again inflow behind the heating network radiating and cooling.
The method that adopts the comprehensive trans-utilization of biomass waste resource pyrolytic gasification system to carry out comprehensive utilization of resources comprises the steps:
Step 1, at first biomass material is sent into pyrolysis plant 1 and lighting, utilize negative pressure that air inducing equipment 11 produces in pyrolysis plant 1 and multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 with the air intake pyrolysis plant to provide reaction required vaporized chemical, biomass material produces the mixed gas that contains inflammable gas, tar gas, acetic acid G﹠W steam at the pyrolysis plant 1 interior high temperature pyrolysis that utilizes oxidation to form;
Step 2, utilize negative pressure that air inducing equipment 11 produces that the mixing gas of pyrolysis plant 1 interior inflammable gas, tar gas, acetic acid G﹠W steam is together sucked the gas passage of multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3; Mix gas enter behind the gas passage with condensation water channel in water of condensation carry out thermal exchange, heat is passed to water of condensation, form hot water; After mixing the gas cooling, tar gas, the cooling of acetic acid G﹠W steam condense into tar, acetic acid mixed solution;
Step 3, high temperature mixing gas are after cooling, and the combustion gas after tar, the acetic acid mixed solution that cooling is condensed and the heat that is passed to water of condensation and the cooling utilizes respectively;
(a), the utilization of inflammable gas: utilize air inducing equipment 11 that inflammable gas is sent into air feeder 2, provide combustion gas by air feeder 2 to the boiler 15 of gas user and Yu Wen heating plant; It is rear for fuel gas generation or as automobile fuel perhaps combustion gas to be purified.
(b), the utilization of tar, acetic acid: condense into mixing liquid after the tar-acetic mixing steam cooling in the gas passage, the condensation water outlet 10 that tar, acetic acid mixed solution arrange from multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 bottoms enters standing separation device 13; Tar, acetic acid mixed solution staticly settle in standing separation device 13, because the objectionable intermingling of each composition and proportion is different, obtains mink cell focus, acetic acid and lightweight oil behind the tar-acetic mixed solution precipitated and separated and are collected utilization; Mink cell focus can refine into bio-fuel-oil and biological pitch with lightweight oil, and acetic acid is delivered to fertilizer production apparatus 27 compostings, also can be directly as crops pesticide or sterilant or foliage fertilizer for agriculture production.
(c), the utilization of heat: water of condensation enters retaining surge tank 12 behind the absorbing heat in condensation water channel, water temperatures in the retaining surge tank 12 are raise, utilize in-line pump I 14 that the hot water in the retaining surge tank 12 are delivered to and deliver to again heating network 16 after boiler 15 is heated and provide heating installation for the user; Utilize retaining surge tank 12 to provide hot water service to hot water pipe net; Water of condensation in heating network 16 after the heat radiation is again sent into multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 and is carried out next time waste heat circulation.
The present invention can transform the biomass such as stalk on the spot, produce hot water and combustible gas respectively by remaining temperature heating plant and air feeder utilization, give the heating of resident's central gas supply, acetic acid can be used as biological foliage fertilizer or biotic pesticide or biological bactericide, and tar is as the industrial raw material utilization.Bacterium slag in the agriculture waste resource, pomace, mud, ight soil the like waste also can be mixed with bio-feritlizer with the acetic acid that native system produces, take full advantage of various biomass waste resources, the biomass waste resource comprehensively transforms collects utilization ratio 100%, does not produce secondary pollution.
The above, it only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not that the present invention is done any pro forma restriction, although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, yet be not to limit the present invention, any those skilled in the art, within not breaking away from the technical solution of the present invention scope, when the method that can utilize above-mentioned announcement and technology contents are made a little change or be modified to the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, in every case be the content that does not break away from technical solution of the present invention, any simple modification that foundation technical spirit of the present invention is done above embodiment, equivalent variations and modification all still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the comprehensive trans-utilization of agriculture waste resource pyrolytic gasification system, comprise pyrolysis plant (1) and air feeder (2), it is characterized in that: also be provided with multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus (3) and remaining temperature heating plant, be provided with the insulation thermal insulation layer at multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus (3) outside surface, be provided with gas passage and condensation water channel in it, gas passage import (6) in the multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus (3) is connected with the combustion gas output tube of pyrolysis plant (1) by solid and gas tripping device (19), and gas passage outlet (7) is connected to air feeder (2) through air inducing equipment (11); Connecting pipeline outside surface at solid and gas tripping device (19) and solid and gas tripping device (19) is provided with the insulation thermal insulation layer; Remaining warm heating plant comprises retaining surge tank (12), in-line pump I (14), boiler (15) and heating network (16), condensation water channel import (8) in the multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus (3) is connected with the water outlet of retaining surge tank (12) by control valve A (23), and condensation water channel outlet (9) is connected with the water-in of retaining surge tank (12); The water outlet of retaining surge tank (12) passes through boiler (15) successively is connected 16 with heating network) be connected with condensation water channel import (8) in the multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus (3), in-line pump I (14) is arranged on the water-filled pipe of remaining warm heating plant; Connecting pipeline in heating network (16) and condensation water channel import (8) is provided with control valve B (24); Be provided with condensation water outlet (10) in multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus (3) bottom, gas passage is connected with standing separation device (13) by condensation water outlet (10).
2. the comprehensive trans-utilization of agriculture waste resource pyrolytic gasification as claimed in claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described standing separation device (13) comprises standing separation chamber (131), is provided with successively from the bottom to top mink cell focus outlet (132), acetic acid outlet (133) and lightweight oil outlet (134) on standing separation chamber (131).
3. the comprehensive trans-utilization of agriculture waste resource pyrolytic gasification as claimed in claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus (3) is made of one group of multifunction heat exchanger, perhaps is made of multifunction heat exchanger parallel connection more than two groups; Wherein every group of multifunction heat exchanger forms by the multifunction heat exchanger (4) of a multifunction heat exchanger (4) or series connection more than two; Series system is: the gas passage outlet of previous multifunction heat exchanger connects the gas passage import of a rear multifunction heat exchanger, and the condensation water channel import of previous multifunction heat exchanger connects the condensation water channel outlet of a rear multifunction heat exchanger; Parallel way is: each is organized gas passage import in first multifunction heat exchanger and condensation water channel outlet respectively and connects, and each is organized gas passage outlet in last multifunction heat exchanger and condensation water channel import respectively and connects.
4. the comprehensive trans-utilization of agriculture waste resource pyrolytic gasification as claimed in claim 3 system, it is characterized in that: described multifunction heat exchanger (4), its condensation water channel import (8) is arranged on the bottom, and condensation water channel outlet (9) is arranged on top.
5. the comprehensive trans-utilization of agriculture waste resource pyrolytic gasification as claimed in claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: also be provided with B grade condensing unit (5), the gas passage outlet of multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus (3) is connected with air inducing equipment (11) through the gas passage of B grade condensing unit (5), the condensation water channel import of B grade condensing unit (5) is connected with water source (18) by in-line pump II (17), and the condensation water channel outlet of B grade condensing unit (5) is connected to water source (18).
6. the comprehensive trans-utilization of agriculture waste resource pyrolytic gasification as claimed in claim 1 system is characterized in that: also be provided with purification device (20) on the connecting pipeline of described air inducing equipment (11) and air feeder (2).
7. the comprehensive trans-utilization of agriculture waste resource pyrolytic gasification as claimed in claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described air inducing equipment (11), its wind pipe is connected with intake stack by air-flow feedback pipeline (21) connection with regulated valve, and air-flow feedback pipeline (21) is provided with examination firearm (25).
8. the comprehensive trans-utilization of agriculture waste resource pyrolytic gasification as claimed in claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described air inducing equipment (11), its wind pipe also is connected by the emptying assembly of valve and gas (22), the top of the emptying assembly of gas (22) is provided with blow-down pipe (221), is provided with drenching sprayer (222) in the emptying assembly of gas (22).
9. a method that adopts the comprehensive trans-utilization of agriculture waste resource pyrolytic gasification claimed in claim 1 system to carry out comprehensive utilization of resources is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
Step 1, at first biomass material is sent into pyrolysis plant (1) and lighting, utilize negative pressure that air inducing equipment (11) produces in pyrolysis plant (1) and multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus (3) with the air intake pyrolysis plant to provide reaction required vaporized chemical, the high temperature pyrolysis that biomass material utilizes oxidation to form in pyrolysis plant (1) produces the mixed gas that contains inflammable gas, tar gas, acetic acid G﹠W steam;
Step 2, utilize negative pressure that air inducing equipment (11) produces that the mixing gas of the interior inflammable gas of pyrolysis plant (1), tar gas, acetic acid G﹠W steam is together sucked the gas passage of multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus (3); Mix gas enter behind the gas passage with condensation water channel in water of condensation carry out thermal exchange, heat is passed to water of condensation, form hot water; After mixing the gas cooling, tar gas, the cooling of acetic acid G﹠W steam condense into tar, acetic acid mixed solution;
Step 3,
(a), the utilization of inflammable gas: utilize air inducing equipment (11) that inflammable gas is sent into air feeder (2), provide combustion gas by air feeder (2) to the boiler (15) of gas user and Yu Wen heating plant;
(b), the utilization of tar, acetic acid: condense into mixing liquid after the tar-acetic mixing steam cooling in the gas passage, tar, acetic acid mixed solution enter standing separation device (13) from the condensation water outlet (10) that multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus (3) bottom arranges; Tar, acetic acid mixed solution staticly settle in standing separation device (13), because the objectionable intermingling of each composition and proportion is different, obtains mink cell focus, acetic acid and lightweight oil behind the tar-acetic mixed solution precipitated and separated and are collected utilization;
(c), the utilization of heat: water of condensation enters retaining surge tank (12) behind the absorbing heat in condensation water channel, water temperature in the retaining surge tank (12) is raise, utilize in-line pump I (14) that the hot water in the retaining surge tank (12) is delivered to and deliver to again heating network (16) after boiler (15) is heated and provide heating installation for the user; Utilize retaining surge tank (12) to provide hot water service to hot water pipe net; Water of condensation in heating network (16) after the heat radiation is again sent into multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus (3) and is carried out next time waste heat circulation.
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