CN102604682B - Comprehensive waste biomass resource transformation and utilization system and method through pyrolysis and gasification - Google Patents
Comprehensive waste biomass resource transformation and utilization system and method through pyrolysis and gasification Download PDFInfo
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- CN102604682B CN102604682B CN201110326398.4A CN201110326398A CN102604682B CN 102604682 B CN102604682 B CN 102604682B CN 201110326398 A CN201110326398 A CN 201110326398A CN 102604682 B CN102604682 B CN 102604682B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention discloses a comprehensive waste biomass resource transformation and utilization system and method through pyrolysis and gasification. The system comprises pyrolysis equipment, a gas supply device, multifunctional heat exchange equipment, and a residual-temperature heater, wherein a gas channel of the multifunctional heat exchange equipment is connected with the pyrolysis equipment and the gas supply device respectively; and a condensate water channel of the multifunctional heat exchange equipment is connected with the residual-temperature heater. The method comprises the following steps that: raw materials, namely biomass wastes, are sent into the pyrolysis equipment, and high-temperature pyrolysis is performed on the raw materials to form mixed gas containing combustible gas, tar gas, acetic acid gas and water vapour; and the mixed gas is sucked into the multifunctional heat exchange equipment, and heat exchange is performed on the mixed gas to isolate combustible gas, tar-acetic-acid mixed liquid and hot water. The hot water and the combustible gas are respectively utilized by the residual-temperature heater and the gas supply device to supply gas, heat, and hot water for residents in a concentrated way; acetic acid can serve as biological foliar fertilizer, biological insecticide, or biological bactericide; and the tar can serve as an industrial raw material. According to the system and method, the comprehensive waste biomass resource transformation and utilization rate reaches 100%, and secondary pollution is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the system and method that utilizes of the waste resources such as a kind of industrial organic solid-state castoff, agricultural biomass waste,, taking agricultural crop straw as the main comprehensive trans-utilization system and method for biomass waste resource pyrolytic gasification, be specifically also the comprehensive trans-utilization system and method for a kind of work organic solid-state waste resource pyrolytic gasification.
Background technology
China is a large agricultural country, has produced the biomass resource such as a large amount of agricultural crop straws, chaff slag in agriculture production and processing of farm products.Traditional utilizes mode mainly as home energy source, feed, fertilizer, industrial raw material and material of construction.Along with the fast development of agrotechnique modernization and rural economy, life in the countryside level significantly improves and the sudden change of the mode of production of living, rural households select the ratio of commercial energy resource improving constantly, agricultural crop straw is constantly declined as the quantity of the energy, and commercial energy resource (as coal, liquefied gas etc.) has become main cooking energy.Cultivation institute is in order to biomass straw, and weeds feed is substituted by commercial feed, and the required biomass organic fertilizer of agriculture production is substituted by inorganic fertilizer, and life of farmers and agriculture production stalk used sharply declines.Meanwhile, agricultural crop straw output is with farm crop, particularly the increase of food crop output and increasing rapidly.Drug on the market causes that stalk is abandoned in field, house courtyard for agricultural crop straw, even directly burned in field.Abandon and can affect environment and initiation fire at the stalk in house courtyard and field, cause pollution of waterhead.Crop straw burning can polluted air in the open, harm people ' s health, especially on airport, near Highway burning can affect traffic safety, causes the aircraft grounding, car tracing cauda collision, shade tree such as is burnt at the adverse consequences.Although various places government has all put into effect the regulation of forbidding Open Burning Crop Residue at present, open incineration agricultural crop straw still remains incessant after repeated prohibition, and environment causes severe contamination, causes tremendous economic loss to society.
When the biomass resources such as stalk are wasted; the combustion gas that uses in China's industrial and agricultural production, fuel oil, heat energy, coal, oil, etc. current main fossil energy day by day reducing; famine, energy dilemma has become the bottleneck problem of the world and social development.It is current problem in the urgent need to address.
China has a large population and a few land, particularly the arable land of agricultural has approached red line needs a large amount of agricultural chemicals, inorganic fertilizer by life-time service for improving grain in agriculture production, reaches prevention and elimination of disease and pests, improves the object of grain yield.Due to the life-time service of agricultural chemicals, inorganic fertilizer, utilization ratio is low, causes residual in soil and farm crop.Cause soil, water source, grain, vegetables, fruit to pollute.Pesticide residue in grain, vegetables, fruit have jeopardized health of human body safety.Affect the raising of life in the countryside level and quality.
Along with social fast development, people more and more add attention for energy-saving and emission-reduction and ecological environmental protection, constantly seek to use the new energy, control atmosphere pollution, and energy-saving and emission-reduction, reduce Greenhouse effect.The technology that is comprehensively converted into available stock with biomass waste resources such as agricultural crop straw, ight soil, chaff slags has caused showing great attention to of departments at different levels of government.
The thermo-cracking of biomass refers to the thermal destruction of biomass (comprising sawmilling, firewood, weeds, pine needle leaf, crop material, edible fungi residues) under the condition of anoxic or limited oxygen supply completely, finally forms the process of inflammable gas, tar, acetic acid and heat.The thermal-cracking method of biomass comprises that limit oxygen heat-transmission solution, limit oxygen charcoal (gas) heat-transmission solution, over dry heat up in a steamer pyrolysis method, according to the difference of reaction conditions and product, biomass pyrolysis device divides again biomass pyrogenation gasification stove, the biomass pyrolytic carbon (gas) of the oxygen that is limited to change stove and anoxybiotic carbonization charcoal (gas) is changed stove etc.
Biomass pyrolytic technology is the biomass resource trans-utilization technology of current comparative maturity, but the purification of pyrolysis conversion product, separation, collecting device in existing biomass pyrogenation gasification device are perfect not enough, and conversion product collection utilization ratio is not high.The for example purification of pyrolysis conversion product, separation, the collecting device in existing biomass pyrogenation gasification device mostly adopts wet (washing pouring) method purification separation.The Chinese patent that for example patent No. is 200720013160.5, wherein adopt the inner cooling filter that water is housed carry out cooling and filter, and also will be through the drip washing of spray thrower in cleaner before entering cooling filter.Tar, acetic acid, drench water and together discharge with washing, both can not get effective utilization, caused again water source and soil pollution.In biomass pyrolytic, be accompanied by the generation of amount of heat, the high-temperature combustible gas body that carries heat could use after need to lowering the temperature, and drenches in temperature-fall period washing, and heat often drenches water and together discharges with washing, and can not get effectively utilizing and has been wasted.Therefore, designing a kind of brand-new biomass waste resource pyrolytic gasification utilization system and method, replace traditional energy utilization pattern, is the problem that will study at present.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the existing defect of existing agricultural wastes conversion using and drawback, provide a kind of can be completely, make full use of the comprehensive trans-utilization system and method for pyrolytic gasification of industrial organic solid-state castoff, agricultural biomass waste material, have advantages of that trans-utilization is complete, cost is low, effective.
The present invention for solving the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme is: the comprehensive trans-utilization system of biomass waste resource pyrolytic gasification, comprise pyrolysis plant and air feeder, also be provided with multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus and Yu Wen heating plant, be provided with insulation thermal insulation layer at multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus outside surface, in it, be provided with gas passage and condensation water channel, gas passage import in multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus is connected with the combustion gas output tube of pyrolysis plant by solid and gas tripping device, and gas passage outlet process air inducing equipment connection is to air feeder; Connecting pipeline outside surface at solid and gas tripping device and solid and gas tripping device is provided with insulation thermal insulation layer; Remaining warm heating plant comprises retaining surge tank, in-line pump I, boiler and heating network, condensation water channel import in multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus is connected with the water outlet of retaining surge tank by control valve A, and condensation water channel outlet is connected with the water-in of retaining surge tank; The water outlet of retaining surge tank is connected with the condensation water channel import in multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus with heating network through boiler successively, and in-line pump I is arranged on the water-filled pipe of remaining warm heating plant; On the connecting pipeline of heating network and condensation water channel import, be provided with control valve B; Be provided with condensation water outlet in multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus bottom, gas passage is exported with standing separation device and is connected by condensation water.
The outside of described multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus is also provided with insulation thermal insulation layer.
Described standing separation device comprises standing separation chamber, is provided with successively from the bottom to top mink cell focus outlet, acetic acid outlet and lightweight oil outlet on standing separation chamber.
Described multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus is made up of one group of multifunction heat exchanger, or is made up of multifunction heat exchanger parallel connection more than two; Wherein every group of multifunction heat exchanger is by a multifunction heat exchanger or two multifunction heat exchanger compositions of connecting above; Series system is: the gas passage outlet of previous multifunction heat exchanger connects the gas passage import of a rear multifunction heat exchanger, and the condensation water channel import of previous multifunction heat exchanger connects the condensation water channel outlet of a rear multifunction heat exchanger; Parallel way is: respectively organize gas passage import in first multifunction heat exchanger and condensation water channel outlet respectively and connect, respectively organize gas passage outlet in last multifunction heat exchanger and condensation water channel import respectively and connect.
Described multifunction heat exchanger, its condensation water channel import is arranged on bottom, and condensation water channel outlet arranges top.
Native system is also provided with B grade condensing unit, the gas passage outlet of multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus is through gas passage and the air inducing equipment connection of B grade condensing unit, the condensation water channel import of B grade condensing unit is connected with water source by in-line pump II, and the condensation water channel outlet of B grade condensing unit is connected to water source.
On described air inducing equipment and the connecting pipeline of air feeder, be also provided with purification device.
Described air inducing equipment, between its wind pipe and intake stack, by being connected with the air-flow feedback pipeline of examination firearm with regulated valve, air-flow feedback pipeline is provided with examination firearm.
Described air inducing equipment, its wind pipe is also connected by the emptying assembly of valve and gas, and the top of the emptying assembly of gas is provided with blow-down pipe, in the emptying assembly of gas, is provided with drenching sprayer.
The method that adopts the comprehensive trans-utilization system of biomass waste resource pyrolytic gasification to carry out comprehensive utilization of resources, comprises the steps:
One, first biomass material sent into pyrolysis plant and lighted, utilize negative pressure that air inducing equipment produces in pyrolysis plant and multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus by air intake pyrolysis plant to provide reaction required vaporized chemical, biomass material utilizes the high temperature pyrolysis of oxidation formation to produce the mixed gas that contains inflammable gas, tar gas, acetic acid G&W steam in pyrolysis plant;
Two, the mixing gas of inflammable gas, tar gas, acetic acid G&W steam in pyrolysis plant is together sucked the gas passage of multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus by the negative pressure of utilizing air inducing equipment to produce; Mix gas enter after gas passage with condensation water channel in water of condensation carry out thermal exchange, heat is passed to water of condensation, form hot water; Mix after gas cooling tar gas, cooling tar, the acetic acid mixed solution of condensing into of acetic acid G&W steam;
Three, the utilization of (1), inflammable gas: utilize air inducing equipment that inflammable gas is sent into air feeder, provide combustion gas by air feeder to the boiler of gas user and Yu Wen heating plant;
(2), the utilization of tar, acetic acid: condense into mixing liquid after tar-acetic mixing steam in gas passage is cooling, the condensation water outlet that tar, acetic acid mixed solution arrange from multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus bottom enters standing separation device; Tar, acetic acid mixed solution staticly settle in standing separation device, due to the difference of objectionable intermingling and the proportion of each composition, obtain mink cell focus, acetic acid and lightweight oil and be collected utilization after tar-acetic mixed solution precipitated and separated;
(3), the utilization of heat: water of condensation enters retaining surge tank absorb heat in condensation water channel after, water temperature in retaining surge tank is raise, deliver to again heating network after utilizing in-line pump I that the hot water in retaining surge tank is delivered to boiler and heated and provide heating installation for user; Utilize retaining surge tank to provide hot water service to hot water pipe net; Water of condensation in heating network after heat radiation again send into multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus carry out on waste heat circulation once.
Adopt the comprehensive trans-utilization system of pyrolytic gasification of the present invention to realize the trans-utilization on the spot of stalk in agriculture production, produce inflammable gas and heat by pyrolysis and use as urban residents' cooking, bathing, heating; Tar can change into biological gasoline diesel oil, and acetic acid can be used as crops pesticide or sterilant or foliage fertilizer for agriculture production; Can solve like this pollution problem that agricultural crop straw surplus causes, change into again new Utilizing Resource Pattern.The comprehensive trans-utilization system of pyrolytic gasification of the present invention be also applicable to simultaneously industrial solid organic waste (as, plastics bag, Plastic Bottle, Polywoven Bag) trans-utilization.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: high-temperature combustible gas body and tar-acetic mixing steam that in the technical program, pyrolysis plant produces are passed to heat the water of condensation in condensation water channel in multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus, after the cooling of tar-acetic mixing steam, condense into liquid and flow into standing separation device from bottom, in completing cooling, completed the separation of tar-acetic mixing steam.Adopt in this way and not only can sound tar-acetic be separated, and be that dry method separates due to what adopt, isolated tar and acetic acid can fully be recycled.The heat that is passed to water of condensation can heat to user by heating network, and heating system comprises heating installation and hot water etc., takes full advantage of the energy in biomass resource.Condensation water channel import in multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus is connected with the water outlet of retaining surge tank by control valve A, and on the connecting pipeline of heating network and condensation water channel import, control valve B is set, can realize access or the excision of remaining warm heating plant by the switching of control valve A and control valve B, to adapt to different needs in season.The supply of hot water can be by hot water pipe net being accessed to retaining surge tank, by retaining surge tank hot-water supply.The multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus that the technical program adopts is composed in series by multiple multifunction heat exchangers, and in multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus, the flow direction of gas is contrary with the flow direction of water of condensation, can make gas fully cooling, also can ensure all condensation and sedimentations of condensable gas (tar-acetic mixing steam), thereby condensable gas is thoroughly separated from combustion gas, ensured the purity of combustion gas.In the technical program, in order to ensure the temperature of residual heat heating and the cooling temperature of gas simultaneously, B grade condensing unit can also be set, B grade condensing unit does not only reach when cooling requires and uses at gas temperature, ensures cooling performance.By the air outlet of air inducing equipment with blast inlet by being with valvular air-flow feedback pipeline to be connected, can be carrying air quantity not reach the blast inlet that the air-flow of output is fed back to while requiring to air inducing equipment by air-flow feedback pipeline, thereby ensure the normal operation of air inducing equipment, improve the stability of flow delivery systems.For purifying gas, can on the connecting pipeline of gas passage import in the combustion gas output tube of pyrolysis plant and multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus, solid and gas tripping device be set, the gas producing enters multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus after solid and gas tripping device, by solid and gas tripping device, the suspended solid in gas is isolated.On the connecting pipeline of air inducing equipment and air feeder, purification device is set; can prevent by purification device that dust granules or tar steam from increasing extremely causes filtering not exclusively; and water-bath type dust removal and filtration assembly can be set in purification device; can in filtering, play the effect of water seal, prevent fuel gas return-flow.In sum, the present invention had both completed the combustion gas utilization of biomass resource pyrolytic gasification by simple, practical system, thoroughly separate and collected again tar and acetic acid, had realized effective utilization of bio-oil and biomass wood vinegar; And effectively utilize the waste heat in pyrolytic process, reached the object that transforms and utilize biomass resource completely.
The present invention also has the following advantages:
1, the agriculture and forestry organic waste material such as the stalk to farm crop, faggot, rice husk needs hardly to do pre-treatment and carries out pyrolysis, obtains straw charcoal, combustion gas, tar, wood vinegar, heat energy.By straw charcoal, combustion gas, wood vinegar, tar recombinant are utilized, make fertilizer, combustion gas and fuel oil, heat energy.Make agricultural waste utilization rate reach l00%.
2, equipment is simple, continuously-running, and maintenance cost is low, manufacturing cost reduces relatively, thereby can significantly reduce running cost, increases economic efficiency, in the practicality using and cost benefit, really meet rural economic development completely required, quite there is industry development utility value.
3, opened up the new energy access in rural area, solved in agricultural and forestry production and life by fertilizer, combustion gas, fuel oil, the problem of heat energy famine.Alleviate the immense pressure that uses conventional traditional energy environmental pollution.
4, solved crop straw burning, livestock and poultry manure huddles and leaves about, the bottleneck problem of the agriculture grain of residual and seriously polluted impact, vegetables, melon and fruit safety in production and health of human body safety that long-term application chemical fertilizer causes to air, water source, soil, life in the countryside and ecotope are improved, life of farmers level and quality are improved, realize the object that dry squeezing only turned waste into wealth, eaten to agricultural wastes " ", promoted new countryside construction development.Huge agricultural wastes comprehensive utilization of resources industry be can form, huge economic benefit, social benefit, political benefit, environmental benefit produced.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the embodiment schematic diagram of multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus;
Fig. 3 is the set-up mode schematic diagram of B grade condensing unit;
Fig. 4 is the set-up mode schematic diagram of air-flow feedback pipeline and the emptying assembly of gas;
Fig. 5 is the set-up mode schematic diagram of standing separation device;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention.
Mark in figure: 1, pyrolysis plant, 2, air feeder, 3, multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus, 4, multifunction heat exchanger, 5, B grade condensing unit, 6, gas passage import, 7, gas passage outlet, 8, condensation water channel import, 9, condensation water channel outlet, 10, condensation water outlet, 11, air inducing equipment, 12, retaining surge tank, 13, standing separation device, 131, standing separation chamber, 132, mink cell focus outlet, 133, acetic acid outlet, 134, lightweight oil outlet, 14, in-line pump I, 15, boiler, 16, heating network, 17, in-line pump II, 18, water source, 19, solid and gas tripping device, 20, purification device, 21, air-flow feedback pipeline, 22, the emptying assembly of gas, 221, blow-down pipe, 222, drenching sprayer, 23, control valve A, 24, control valve B, 25, examination firearm, 26, user, 27, fertilizer production apparatus.
Embodiment
Technique means and effect of taking for reaching predetermined goal of the invention for further setting forth the present invention, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, be elaborated to the technical scheme proposing according to the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the comprehensive trans-utilization system of biomass waste resource pyrolytic gasification comprises pyrolysis plant 1 and air feeder 2.Pyrolysis plant 1 can adopt the various common structure forms in the pyrolytic gasification field of the biomass resources such as stalk at present.There is pyrolysis in biomass resource, produce high temperature CO, CH in pyrolysis plant 1
4, H
2deng inflammable gas and be attended by high temperature CO
2, N
2the condensable gas such as non-combustible gas and high-temperature coke oil gas, acetic acid gas, water vapor.Air feeder 2 stores for collecting the combustion gas making, and provides gas supply to gas ductwork.Native system is also provided with multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 and Yu Wen heating plant, is provided with insulation thermal insulation layer at multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 outside surfaces, is provided with gas passage and condensation water channel in it.Gas passage is arranged in condensation water channel, or condensation water channel is arranged in gas passage, so that the flowing material in two passages carries out thermal exchange.Gas passage import 6 in multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 is connected with the combustion gas output tube of pyrolysis plant 1 by solid and gas tripping device 19, and gas passage outlet 7 is connected to air feeder 2 through air inducing equipment 11; Connecting pipeline outside surface at solid and gas tripping device 19 and solid and gas tripping device 19 is provided with insulation thermal insulation layer; Skin at multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 also can arrange insulation thermal insulation layer, ensures that heat does not does not scatter and disappear, and utilizes heat energy to greatest extent.Insulation thermal insulation layer can adopt the conventional lagging materials such as insulating cotton, also can adopt other lagging material.Mixed gas needs to be incubated before entering multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3, reducing on the one hand high-temperature gas mixture body heat content scatters and disappears, make on the other hand mixed gas keep higher steady temperature, prevent that the dust in gas is combined and is attached on the inwall of equipment and pipeline after tar, acetic acid, vapor condenses, cause equipment and gas passage to stop up, be beneficial to dust separated from the gas.Solid and gas tripping device 19 can be the combination of one or more forms such as strainer, sack cleaner, tornado dust collector, inertial dust separator, its setting position can be also various ways, for example be arranged between the connecting tube of equipment or be arranged on pipe interior, all can adopt as long as can reach the form of dedusting object.
Remaining warm heating plant comprises retaining surge tank 12, in-line pump I 14, boiler 15 and heating network 16.Condensation water channel import 8 in multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 is connected with the water outlet of retaining surge tank 12 by control valve A 23, and condensation water channel outlet 9 is connected with the water-in of retaining surge tank 12; Open after control valve A 23, water of condensation circulates between multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 and retaining surge tank 12.The water outlet of retaining surge tank 12 is connected with the condensation water channel import 8 in multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 with heating network 16 through boiler 15 successively, and in-line pump I 14 is arranged on the water-filled pipe of remaining warm heating plant; On the connecting pipeline of heating network 16 and condensation water channel import 8, be provided with control valve B24.Retaining surge tank 12 is tank, can adopt single or multiple in parallel uses, plays the effect of transfer buffering, stored hot water in water circulation path.In this technical scheme, water of condensation has two kinds of circulating paths.When control valve A 23 opens, when control valve B 24 closes, water of condensation flows at retaining surge tank 12 and multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 internal recycle; In the time that needs heat, control valve A 23 is closed, control valve B 24 and in-line pump I 14 are opened, in the circulation path that water of condensation is formed at retaining surge tank 12, boiler 15, heating network 16 and multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 under the effect of in-line pump I 14, flowing, can be user's heating by heating network 16.In the time of heating, if hot water does not reach the temperature requirement of heating, can utilize boiler 15 to heat and improve temperature.In the technical program, can also the hot water in retaining surge tank 12 be introduced to resident family or bathing pool by hot water pipe net, to realize hot water service, when hot water service, need to control the water level in retaining surge tank 12, in time amount of makeup water.Supplementing of the water yield can adopt any feasible mode, for example, a connecting tube is set, and utilizes in-line pump II by the water suction retaining surge tank 12 at water source, also retaining surge tank 12 can be connected with running water pipe.
Be provided with condensation water outlet 10 in multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 bottoms, the gas passage of multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 exports 10 by condensation water and is connected with standing separation device 13; Water of condensation constantly absorbs the heat of high-temperature gas in gas passage and takes away in flow process, gas temperature is reduced, the condensable gas such as tar gas, acetic acid gas, water vapor condense into mixing liquid, enter standing separation device 13 from the condensation water outlet 10 of multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 bottoms.Standing separation device 13 can be a storage vessel or a settling tank, the tar condensing and acetic acid can staticly settle in standing separation device 13, because each composition objectionable intermingling is different with proportion, the mixed solution layering after leaving standstill of condensing obtains mink cell focus, acetic acid and lightweight oil.Combustion gas after cooling is sent into air feeder 2 by the effect of air inducing equipment and is stored.
As shown in Figure 5, described standing separation device 13 comprises standing separation chamber 131, is provided with successively from the bottom to top mink cell focus outlet 132, acetic acid outlet 133 and lightweight oil outlet 134 on standing separation chamber 131.The tar condensing and acetic acid staticly settle after entering standing separation chamber 131, due to the proportion difference of each composition, thereby be divided into the mink cell focus of bottom, lightweight oil and the middle acetic acid on top, by corresponding position on standing separation chamber 131, outlet is set, mink cell focus, acetic acid and lightweight oil is derived to collect and utilize.For the ease of fertiliser production, acetic acid can be exported to 133 and be connected to fertilizer production apparatus 27, isolated acetic acid deliver to can fertilizer production apparatus 27 using as composting raw material, be directly used in composting and produce.Mink cell focus outlet 132 and lightweight oil outlet 134 are connected to storage vessel, collect respectively storage.
Described multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 is made up of one group of multifunction heat exchanger, or is made up of multifunction heat exchanger parallel connection more than two.Wherein every group of multifunction heat exchanger forms by a multifunction heat exchanger 4 or two multifunction heat exchangers 4 of connecting above.In each multifunction heat exchanger 4, be equipped with gas passage and condensation water channel, be also provided with condensation water outlet 10 in the bottom of multifunction heat exchanger 4.Both completed the thermal exchange of high-temperature gas mixture body and water of condensation by multifunction heat exchanger 4, completed again that high-temperature gas mixture body is coal-tar middle oil, the condensation separation of acetic acid, water vapor, gathered multi-function in integral whole, simple and practical.
The embodiment of Fig. 2 is that three multifunction heat exchangers are connected into the set-up mode of a group.Series system is: the gas passage outlet of previous multifunction heat exchanger is connected with the gas passage import of a rear multifunction heat exchanger, and the condensation water channel import of previous multifunction heat exchanger is connected with the outlet of the condensation water channel of a rear multifunction heat exchanger.In multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus, the flow direction of gas is contrary with the flow direction of water of condensation, ensures that the water of condensation and the high-temperature gas that carry out thermal exchange have the larger temperature difference all the time, thereby has improved the efficiency of heat exchange.Adopt the mode that multiple multifunction heat exchangers 4 are connected according to the cooling demand adjustment access number of combustion gas, in the time combustion gas need to being dropped to lower temperature, only to need the number of the multifunction heat exchanger 4 that increases serial connection.Adopt the mode of connection of many group multifunction heat exchangers 4 parallel connections, can adapt to the gas production rate demand of different scales.Parallel way is in the drawings for drawing, its mode of connection is: respectively organize gas passage import in first multifunction heat exchanger and condensation water channel outlet respectively and connect, respectively organize gas passage outlet in last multifunction heat exchanger and condensation water channel import respectively and connect.In the time that gas production rate is large, use in parallel two groups of multifunction heat exchangers 4, can make the ability of processing mixed gas be multiplied.Adopt the mode of multiple multifunction heat exchanger 4 serial or parallel connections multifunction heat exchanger 4 can be used as to standardized component and use, the gasification that the access number that only need adjust multifunction heat exchanger 4 according to the gas production rate of system and combustion gas cooling demand can adapt to different scales utilizes system.Therefore, utilize system for the gasification of different size, its device structure and set-up mode do not need otherwise designed, adjust access number and can satisfy the demand, the strong adaptability of system as long as simple.The condensation water channel import 8 of multifunction heat exchanger 4 is arranged on the bottom of multifunction heat exchanger, and condensation water channel outlet 9 is arranged on the top of multifunction heat exchanger.At equipment out of service and stop supplying water after, in the condensation water channel of multifunction heat exchanger 4, can preserve certain water yield, avoid condensation water channel to contact with air and oxidation and rusting occur.
Due to the needs for warm supplying hot water, water temperature in retaining surge tank 12 is had to certain requirement, in the time that the interior water temperature of retaining surge tank 12 is higher, the recirculated water of depending merely between retaining surge tank 12 and multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 possibly cannot reach the standard-required that makes mixed gas reach cooling, separate, and the recirculated water that at this moment needs other employing not participate in heating, supplying hot water is lowered the temperature.As shown in Figure 3, native system is also provided with B grade condensing unit 5, and the structure of B grade condensing unit 5 is identical with multifunction heat exchanger 4 structures.The gas passage outlet of multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 is connected with air inducing equipment 11 through the gas passage of B grade condensing unit 5, the condensation water channel import of B grade condensing unit 5 is connected with water source 18 by in-line pump II 17, and the condensation water channel outlet of B grade condensing unit 5 is connected to water source 18.Lower the temperature by the recirculated water between B grade condensing unit 5 and water source 18, with the standard-required that ensures that mixed gas reaches cooling, separates.
Due to the diversity of the raw material adopting in pyrolysis plant 1, in gasification and pyrolysis process, produce high temperature CO, CH
4,, H
2deng inflammable gas and be attended by high temperature CO
2, N
2condensable gas and the dusts such as non-combustible gas and high-temperature coke oil gas, acetic acid gas, water vapor, under the more situation of impurities from mixed gas, for ensureing the degree of cleaning of combustible gas, native system is provided with purification device 20.As shown in Figure 6, on the connecting pipeline of air inducing equipment 11 and air feeder 2, be provided with purification device 20, purification device 20 can adopt existing air filter unit, can adopt bathe wash, drip washing, flushing, the technological method such as air filtration, air separation, and water-bath assembly, gas filtering component are set in purification device, air separation assembly.By purification device, can in water-bath, filtration, sepn process, remove combustible gas in the residual or CO of acetic acid, tar
2, N
2non-combustible gas plays the effect of water seal simultaneously, prevents fuel gas return-flow, ensures system operating safety.
In service in system, raw material raw thickness, intensity in pyrolysis plant change, cause air introduction volume, pyrolysis gas quantum of output, enter the mixed gas flow in multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3, the load of air inducing equipment 11 changes, cause system fluctuation of service, in serious situation, can damage air inducing equipment 11.For addressing this problem, native system is provided with air-flow feedback pipeline 21, as shown in Figure 4, the wind pipe of air inducing equipment 11 is connected by the air-flow feedback pipeline 21 with regulated valve with intake stack, open the air-flow that valve exports air inducing equipment 11 and return to intake stack, the air output of adequate compensation air inducing equipment 11, can ensure the normal steady running of air inducing equipment 11.And the problem that adopts this air-flow feedback mode to avoid the gas concentration causing from external complement air-flow to reduce.
At the initial stage of coming into operation in system, in the mixed gas that pyrolysis plant 1 is exported, the content of inflammable gas is very low, does not reach the requirement of burning, therefore this gas can not be sent into air feeder 2.For head it off, as shown in Figure 4, the wind pipe of air inducing equipment 11 is connected by the emptying assembly 22 of valve and gas, the top of the emptying assembly 22 of gas is provided with blow-down pipe 221, in the emptying assembly 22 of gas, be provided with drenching sprayer 222, the gas that the System Operation initial stage produces enters after the emptying assembly 22 of gas, and the water being sprayed by drenching sprayer 222 is removed after residual flue dust and tar, discharges by blow-down pipe 221.
For whether viewing system operation is normal, examination firearm 25 is set on the air-flow feedback pipeline 21 of air inducing equipment 11, the combustion case that tries firearm 25 eluting gass by observation can judge whether normal combustion gas quality and system are moved.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of one embodiment of the present of invention.The service object of the comprehensive trans-utilization system of biomass waste resource pyrolytic gasification is a natural village in this embodiment, and air feeder 2 provides combustion gas for multiple users 26 simultaneously, and the heating unit of boiler 15 also provides fuel by air feeder 2.Heating network access user 26, at indoor heating radiator that arranges of the user 26.The hot water of exporting from boiler 15 is sent into heating network, at user's 26 indoor radiatings, for user improves heating installation.The multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 of inflow again after heating network radiating and cooling participates in thermal exchange.
The method that adopts the comprehensive trans-utilization system of biomass waste resource pyrolytic gasification to carry out comprehensive utilization of resources, comprises the steps:
One, first biomass material sent into pyrolysis plant 1 and lighted, utilize negative pressure that air inducing equipment 11 produces in pyrolysis plant 1 and multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 by air intake pyrolysis plant to provide reaction required vaporized chemical, the high temperature pyrolysis that biomass material forms in the interior utilization oxidation of pyrolysis plant 1 produces the mixed gas that contains inflammable gas, tar gas, acetic acid G&W steam;
Two, utilize the negative pressure that air inducing equipment 11 produces that the mixing gas of interior pyrolysis plant 1 inflammable gas, tar gas, acetic acid G&W steam is together sucked to the gas passage of multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3; Mix gas enter after gas passage with condensation water channel in water of condensation carry out thermal exchange, heat is passed to water of condensation, form hot water; Mix after gas cooling tar gas, cooling tar, the acetic acid mixed solution of condensing into of acetic acid G&W steam;
Three, high temperature mixing gas through cooling after, the cooling tar condensing, acetic acid mixed solution and be passed to water of condensation heat and cooling after combustion gas utilize respectively;
(1), the utilization of inflammable gas: utilize air inducing equipment 11 that inflammable gas is sent into air feeder 2, provide combustion gas by air feeder 2 to the boiler 15 of gas user and Yu Wen heating plant; Or using combustion gas purify after for fuel gas generation or as automobile fuel.
(2), the utilization of tar, acetic acid: condense into mixing liquid after tar-acetic mixing steam in gas passage is cooling, the condensation water outlet 10 that tar, acetic acid mixed solution arrange from multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 bottoms enters standing separation device 13; Tar, acetic acid mixed solution staticly settle in standing separation device 13, due to the difference of objectionable intermingling and the proportion of each composition, obtain mink cell focus, acetic acid and lightweight oil and be collected utilization after tar-acetic mixed solution precipitated and separated; Mink cell focus can refine into bio-fuel-oil and biological pitch with lightweight oil, and acetic acid is delivered to fertilizer production apparatus 27 compostings, also can be directly as crops pesticide or sterilant or foliage fertilizer for agriculture production.
(3), the utilization of heat: water of condensation enters retaining surge tank 12 absorb heat in condensation water channel after, water temperature in retaining surge tank 12 is raise, utilize in-line pump I 14 that the hot water in retaining surge tank 12 is delivered to and after boiler 15 is heated, delivered to heating network 16 again and provide heating installation for user; Utilize retaining surge tank 12 to provide hot water service to hot water pipe net; Water of condensation in heating network 16 after heat radiation again send into multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus 3 carry out on waste heat circulation once.
The present invention can transform the biomass such as stalk on the spot, producing hot water and combustible gas is utilized by remaining temperature heating plant and air feeder respectively, give the heating of resident's central gas supply, acetic acid can be used as biological foliage fertilizer or biotic pesticide or biological bactericide, and tar is as industrial raw material utilization.Bacterium slag in agriculture waste resource, pomace, mud, ight soil the like waste also can be mixed with bio-feritlizer with the acetic acid that native system produces, make full use of various biomass waste resources, biomass waste resource comprehensively transforms collects utilization ratio 100%, does not produce secondary pollution.
The above is optimum embodiment of the present invention, but technical scheme of the present invention is not limited to the particular form that above-described embodiment is described, and any equivalent transformation to the technology of the present invention feature, within all belonging to the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the comprehensive trans-utilization system of biomass waste resource pyrolytic gasification, comprise pyrolysis plant (1) and air feeder (2), it is characterized in that: be also provided with multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus (3) and remaining temperature heating plant, be provided with insulation thermal insulation layer at multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus (3) outside surface, in it, be provided with gas passage and condensation water channel, gas passage import (6) in multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus (3) is connected with the combustion gas output tube of pyrolysis plant (1) by solid and gas tripping device (19), gas passage outlet (7) is connected to air feeder (2) through air inducing equipment (11), connecting pipeline outside surface at solid and gas tripping device (19) and solid and gas tripping device (19) is provided with insulation thermal insulation layer, remaining warm heating plant comprises retaining surge tank (12), in-line pump I (14), boiler (15) and heating network (16), condensation water channel import (8) in multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus (3) is by control valve A(23) be connected with the water outlet of retaining surge tank (12), condensation water channel outlet (9) is connected with the water-in of retaining surge tank (12), the water outlet of retaining surge tank (12) passes through successively boiler (15) and is connected with the condensation water channel import (8) in multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus (3) with heating network (16), and in-line pump I (14) is arranged on the water-filled pipe of remaining warm heating plant, on the connecting pipeline of heating network (16) and condensation water channel import (8), be provided with control valve B(24), be provided with condensation water outlet (10) in multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus (3) bottom, gas passage exports (10) by condensation water and is connected with standing separation device (13), described multifunction heat exchanger (4), its condensation water channel import (8) is arranged on bottom, and condensation water channel outlet (9) is arranged on top, and in multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus, the flow direction of gas is contrary with the flow direction of water of condensation, also be provided with B grade condensing unit (5), the gas passage outlet of multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus (3) is connected with air inducing equipment (11) through the gas passage of B grade condensing unit (5), the condensation water channel import of B grade condensing unit (5) is connected with water source (18) by in-line pump II (17), and the condensation water channel outlet of B grade condensing unit (5) is connected to water source (18), on described air inducing equipment (11) and the connecting pipeline of air feeder (2), be also provided with purification device (20), the wind pipe of air inducing equipment is connected by the air-flow feedback pipeline with regulated valve with intake stack.
2. the comprehensive trans-utilization system of biomass waste resource pyrolytic gasification as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described standing separation device (13) comprises standing separation chamber (131), on standing separation chamber (131), be provided with successively from the bottom to top mink cell focus outlet (132), acetic acid outlet (133) and lightweight oil outlet (134).
3. the comprehensive trans-utilization system of biomass waste resource pyrolytic gasification as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus (3) is made up of multifunction heat exchanger parallel connection more than two; Wherein every group of multifunction heat exchanger is by two multifunction heat exchanger (4) compositions of connecting above; Series system is: the gas passage outlet of previous multifunction heat exchanger connects the gas passage import of a rear multifunction heat exchanger, and the condensation water channel import of previous multifunction heat exchanger connects the condensation water channel outlet of a rear multifunction heat exchanger; Parallel way is: respectively organize gas passage import in first multifunction heat exchanger and condensation water channel outlet respectively and connect, respectively organize gas passage outlet in last multifunction heat exchanger and condensation water channel import respectively and connect.
4. the comprehensive trans-utilization system of biomass waste resource pyrolytic gasification as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: air-flow feedback pipeline (21) is provided with examination firearm (25).
5. the comprehensive trans-utilization system of biomass waste resource pyrolytic gasification as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described air inducing equipment (11), its wind pipe is also connected by the emptying assembly of valve and gas (22), the top of the emptying assembly of gas (22) is provided with blow-down pipe (221), is provided with drenching sprayer (222) in the emptying assembly of gas (22).
6. the method that adopts the comprehensive trans-utilization system of biomass waste resource pyrolytic gasification claimed in claim 1 to carry out comprehensive utilization of resources, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
One, first biomass material sent into pyrolysis plant (1) and lighted, utilize negative pressure that air inducing equipment (11) produces in pyrolysis plant (1) and multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus (3) by air intake pyrolysis plant to provide reaction required vaporized chemical, biomass material utilizes the high temperature pyrolysis that is oxidized formation to produce the mixed gas that contains inflammable gas, tar gas, acetic acid G&W steam pyrolysis plant (1) in;
Two, the mixing gas of the interior inflammable gas of pyrolysis plant (1), tar gas, acetic acid G&W steam is together sucked the gas passage of multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus (3) by the negative pressure of utilizing air inducing equipment (11) to produce; Mix gas enter after gas passage with condensation water channel in water of condensation carry out thermal exchange, heat is passed to water of condensation, form hot water; Mix after gas cooling tar gas, cooling tar, the acetic acid mixed solution of condensing into of acetic acid G&W steam;
Three, the utilization of (1), inflammable gas: utilize air inducing equipment (11) that inflammable gas is sent into air feeder (2), provide combustion gas by air feeder (2) to the boiler (15) of gas user and Yu Wen heating plant;
(2), the utilization of tar, acetic acid: condense into mixing liquid after tar-acetic mixing steam in gas passage is cooling, the condensation water outlet (10) that tar, acetic acid mixed solution arrange from multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus (3) bottom enters standing separation device (13); Tar, acetic acid mixed solution staticly settle in standing separation device (13), due to the difference of objectionable intermingling and the proportion of each composition, obtain mink cell focus, acetic acid and lightweight oil and be collected utilization after tar-acetic mixed solution precipitated and separated;
(3), the utilization of heat: water of condensation enters retaining surge tank (12) absorb heat in condensation water channel after, water temperature in retaining surge tank (12) is raise, utilize in-line pump I (14) that the hot water in retaining surge tank (12) is delivered to and after boiler (15) is heated, delivered to heating network (16) again and provide heating installation for user; Utilize retaining surge tank (12) to provide hot water service to hot water pipe net; Water of condensation in heating network (16) after heat radiation is again sent into multi-functional heat exchanging apparatus (3) and is carried out waste heat circulation next time.
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| CN110307582B (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2021-01-19 | 西安石油大学 | Gas and hot water combined supply system for biomass coupling carbon five-auxiliary liquid |
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