CN108059160B - Bamboo charcoal production method and carbonization device used by same - Google Patents
Bamboo charcoal production method and carbonization device used by same Download PDFInfo
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- CN108059160B CN108059160B CN201711189371.9A CN201711189371A CN108059160B CN 108059160 B CN108059160 B CN 108059160B CN 201711189371 A CN201711189371 A CN 201711189371A CN 108059160 B CN108059160 B CN 108059160B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
- C10J2300/0906—Physical processes, e.g. shredding, comminuting, chopping, sorting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
- C10J2300/0909—Drying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
- C10J2300/092—Wood, cellulose
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
- C10J2300/1215—Heating the gasifier using synthesis gas as fuel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Abstract
The invention relates to a production method of bamboo charcoal and a carbonization device used by the production method. The production method comprises the following steps: raw material treatment: chopping bamboo, soaking in caustic soda, drying and crushing to obtain bamboo powder; carbonizing: performing flash low-oxygen carbonization on the bamboo powder, and then performing anaerobic carbonization; heat exchange and cooling: performing heat exchange and cooling on the carbonized product in an oxygen-free environment, wherein the cooled product is first bamboo charcoal powder; and (3) transformation: converting the first bamboo charcoal powder in a graphitization furnace to obtain second bamboo charcoal powder; molding: mixing the second bamboo charcoal powder and the binder to prepare a molding material; electric heating and carbonizing: carrying out electric heating carbonization on the molding material; steam activation: and (4) performing steam activation on the product after the electric heating carbonization to obtain the bamboo charcoal. The method can be used for preparing bamboo charcoal with ultrahigh specific surface area, high iodine adsorption value and high strength, and can also be used for recovering synthesis gas, bamboo tar and bamboo acetic acid byproduct. The carbonization device can be widely used for carbonizing other biomasses.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of materials, in particular to a production method of bamboo charcoal and a carbonization device used by the method.
Background
The bamboo charcoal is a biological charcoal formed by carbonizing bamboo wood serving as a raw material at high temperature. The bamboo charcoal has loose and porous structure, fine and porous molecules, and hard texture. The bamboo charcoal has strong adsorption capacity, and can purify air, eliminate peculiar smell, absorb moisture, prevent mildew, inhibit bacteria and expel insects; can remove dampness and sweat, promote blood circulation and metabolism, and relieve fatigue. In addition, the bamboo charcoal has high porosity, is very suitable to be used as a carrier of soil microorganisms and organic nutrient components to enhance the soil activity, and is a good soil improvement material. The bamboo charcoal also has weak conductivity, can play a role in preventing static electricity and shielding electromagnetic radiation, and is an important raw material for military protection.
The prior art of bamboo charcoal preparation method is mostly the batch production of the traditional dry distillation reaction tank. The carbonization temperature used in this method does not exceed 900 ℃, generally, resulting in a small specific surface area of the bamboo charcoal produced. Moreover, the method has serious pollution and low labor productivity.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is how to realize the quick and efficient carbonization and the circular and clean production of the bamboo wood, improve the intermittent production into the whole-process airflow conveying of the bamboo wood powder, realize the production line type continuous operation and meet the requirements of the circular and clean production, and simultaneously prepare the bamboo charcoal with ultrahigh specific surface area, high iodine adsorption value and high strength.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the problems of the existing bamboo charcoal production method, the invention provides a circulating clean production method of bamboo charcoal with ultrahigh specific surface area, high iodine adsorption value and high strength and a carbonization device used by the method.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a production method of bamboo charcoal comprises the following steps:
raw material treatment: chopping bamboo, soaking in caustic soda, drying and crushing to obtain bamboo powder;
carbonizing: performing flash low-oxygen carbonization on the bamboo powder, and then performing anaerobic carbonization;
heat exchange and cooling: performing heat exchange and cooling on the carbonized product in an oxygen-free environment, wherein the cooled product is first bamboo charcoal powder;
and (3) transformation: converting the first bamboo charcoal powder in a graphitization furnace to obtain second bamboo charcoal powder;
molding: mixing the second bamboo charcoal powder and the binder to prepare a molding material;
electric heating and carbonizing: carrying out electric heating carbonization on the molding material; and
steam activation: and (4) performing steam activation on the product after the electric heating carbonization to obtain the bamboo charcoal.
Preferably: the production method further comprises a step of recovering the by-product; the step of recovering the by-products comprises:
collecting gas overflowing in the carbonization step, and condensing the gas to obtain synthesis gas, bamboo tar and bamboo acetic acid; and/or
Collecting gas in the electric heating carbonization process, and condensing the gas to obtain the bamboo tar.
Preferably: the production method also comprises the step of recycling; the step of recycling comprises:
using syngas as a fuel, part to perform said flash low oxygen carbonization, and part to perform said steam activation;
using part or all of the bamboo tar as a bonding agent to prepare the molding material; and/or
And recovering the heat energy generated in the heat exchange and cooling step, and conveying the heat energy to the raw material treatment step for drying.
Preferably: the heat source used for the flash low-oxygen carbonization is obtained by primary heating and secondary heating;
the primary heating is carried out as follows: the recovered synthesis gas is used as fuel to heat air;
the secondary heating is carried out as follows: the heated air and the petrochemical fuel are combusted, and the obtained gas with heat energy is used as a heat source.
In order to obtain the best carbonization effect and the highest carbonization yield, a secondary burner can be omitted, and the primary burner directly heats nitrogen (N) by using fuel or synthesis gas and bamboo tar2) Thereby obtaining high-temperature nitrogen as a heat source.
Preferably: the flash low-oxygen carbonization process conditions are as follows: the carbonization temperature is 800-1000 ℃, the carbonization time is 3-20 s, an oxygen concentration monitoring device is arranged in the device for performing flash low-oxygen carbonization, and the oxygen concentration in hot air input into the device for performing flash low-oxygen carbonization is controlled to be below 3% by utilizing the monitoring device; and/or
The anaerobic carbonization process conditions are as follows: the carbonization temperature is 800-1000 ℃, and the carbonization time is 20-60 min.
Preferably: the temperature of the first bamboo charcoal powder obtained after the heat exchange and cooling is not more than 60 ℃;
the conversion temperature is 1200-2500 ℃;
the process conditions of the electric heating carbonization are as follows: the carbonization temperature is 350-500 ℃, the carbonization time is 0.5-1.5 h, and N is introduced2The electric heating carbonization is carried out under the condition of (1); and/or
The process conditions of the steam activation are as follows: the activation temperature is 800-1000 ℃, and the activation time is 2-6 h.
Preferably: the dosage ratio of the second bamboo charcoal powder to the binder is 1: (0.5 to 1).
Preferably: controlling the length of the chopped bamboo wood to be 3-50 mm, the width of the bamboo wood to be 3-50 mm and the thickness of the bamboo wood to be 1-10 mm;
controlling the water content of the dried bamboo material not to exceed 3 percent;
and controlling the particle size of the bamboo wood powder not to exceed 3 mm.
Preferably: the concentration of the caustic soda aqueous solution for soaking is 10-20%, the soaking time is 8-24 hours, the residual liquid after soaking is filtered and purified, and the purified water is collected and used for preparing the caustic soda aqueous solution.
The invention also provides a carbonization device used in the production method, and the carbonization device comprises: the device comprises a flash low-oxygen carbonization tower and an oxygen-insulated carbonization bin, wherein the upper end of the flash low-oxygen carbonization tower is communicated with the middle upper part of the oxygen-insulated carbonization bin through a communication pipeline; the flash low-oxygen carbonization tower comprises a tower body, a hot air inlet and a bamboo powder inlet, wherein the hot air inlet and the bamboo powder inlet are arranged at the lower end of the tower body; the oxygen-insulating carbonization bin comprises a bin body, a bamboo charcoal powder outlet arranged at the bottom of the bin body and a gas outlet arranged at the top of the bin body.
The flash low-oxygen carbonization tower and the anaerobic carbonization bin are lined with high-temperature ceramics or the inner wall of the flash low-oxygen carbonization tower and the anaerobic carbonization bin is sprayed with a high-temperature-resistant anti-corrosion coating.
(III) advantageous effects
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the dried and crushed bamboo powder is light in specific gravity and is very easy to be raised by hot air, and is quickly subjected to low-oxygen carbonization at 800-1000 ℃ for 3-20 seconds in a flash low-oxygen carbonization device, and then is continuously subjected to high-temperature anaerobic carbonization at 800-1000 ℃ for 20-60 minutes in an anaerobic carbonization device, so that the heat efficiency is very high and the carbonization is uniform; the whole process is conveyed by hot air flow, and the device is efficient, environment-friendly and safe. And (3) cooling and separating gas overflowed by carbonization to obtain synthesis gas, bamboo acetic acid and bamboo tar, and returning the synthesis gas or the bamboo tar to the primary combustor and the high-temperature superheated steam generator for cyclic utilization. The heat exchange cooling is any heat exchange mode that the bamboo charcoal is not contacted with oxygen, so that the oxidation loss of the bamboo charcoal is avoided, the recovered heat energy is returned to the drying process for cyclic utilization, the continuous automatic production and DCS or PLC control are realized, and the labor productivity is greatly improved. The heat energy, the synthesis gas and the bamboo tar can be recycled, the waste liquid after the caustic soda soaking is filtered and purified to realize water recycling, the tail gas of the primary combustion engine is purified and then discharged up to the standard, and the negative carbon utilization and the recycling clean production of biomass resources are achieved.
2. Renewable biomass high-specific-surface-area bamboo charcoal is used as a heat-insulating material of the Acheson graphitizing furnace instead of petroleum calcined coke serving as a fossil energy product, and the ultrahigh-specific-surface-area bamboo charcoal is obtained after high-temperature treatment at 1200-2500 ℃ in the Acheson graphitizing furnace, so that utilization ways of the bamboo charcoal are expanded, and the ultrahigh-specific-surface-area, high-iodine adsorption value and high-strength bamboo charcoal with ultrahigh specific surface area, high iodine adsorption value and high-strength electromagnetic, biochemical and radiation protection raw materials is provided for national economy and military industry.
3. According to the method, the chopping process is arranged before drying, so that the bamboo raw material collection and storage farmers can conveniently chop the bamboo raw material on site, the loading, unloading and transportation of automobiles are facilitated, the employment and income increase and richness increase in rural areas are facilitated, and the bamboo raw material can be ensured to be in a good natural air-dried state after being fed into a factory.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a preparation process provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a carbonizing apparatus provided in the present invention;
in the figure: 1: a tower body; 2: a bin body; 3: a hot air inlet; 4: feeding bamboo powder into the mouth; 5: a communicating pipe; 6: a gas outlet; 7: and (5) bamboo charcoal powder is exported.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a production method of bamboo charcoal, as shown in figure 1, the production method comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps: chopping bamboo, soaking in caustic soda, oven drying, and pulverizing. The bamboo can be selected from moso bamboo, Saint bamboo, hard bamboo, etc. with the growth period of more than three years. The longer the growing period of the bamboo wood is, the higher the yield of the bamboo charcoal is, the lower the ash content is, and the better the quality is. When the ash content of the bamboo charcoal is limited by a user, the ash content of the bamboo charcoal can be removed by adopting a chemical method besides selecting the raw material bamboo wood with long growth period. For example, iron is removed by hydrochloric acid method, siliceous is removed by caustic soda method, and alkali metal oxide is removed by water dissolving method. The chemical method has good ash removal effect, the ash removal rate reaches more than 90%, and the iodine adsorption value and the strength of the bamboo charcoal are not influenced and are slightly improved. The chopping can be carried out both inside the plant and before it. The bamboo is cut up and then soaked in 10-20% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution for 8-24 hours, and the caustic soda expands cellulose cells through capillary vessels on the surface of the bamboo, so that the falling of lignin is accelerated, carbohydrates and lignin in the bamboo raw material are reduced, and the cellulose and hemicellulose are protected. The size of the sheet bamboo material obtained after chopping can be controlled to be not more than 50mm, preferably 3-50 mm, the width is not more than 50mm, preferably 3-50 mm, and the thickness is preferably 1-10 mm. The moisture content after drying is less than or equal to 3 percent, the lower the moisture content is, the easier the crushing is, and the powder material can be prevented from caking. The grain diameter of the crushed bamboo wood is not more than 3 mm. The smaller the particle size is, the better the carbonization effect is, the smaller the specific surface area of the product is, but the crushing cost is increased, and the particle size can be controlled to be 1-3 mm. In addition, in order to realize the circular clean production, the residual liquid after the caustic soda soaking can be filtered and purified, and the purified water is used for preparing the caustic soda solution, so that the circular utilization of the water is realized, and the pollution caused by the caustic soda can be avoided.
(2) A carbonization step: the treated raw material is firstly subjected to flash low-oxygen carbonization (also called flash rotational flow low-oxygen carbonization) and then anaerobic carbonization.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a carbonizing apparatus used in the present invention. The carbonization device comprises a flash low-oxygen carbonization tower and an oxygen-insulated carbonization bin. The upper end of the flash low-oxygen carbonization tower is communicated with the upper end of the anaerobic carbonization bin through a communication pipeline 5; the flash low-oxygen carbonization tower comprises a tower body 1, a hot air inlet 3 and a bamboo powder inlet 4, wherein the hot air inlet 3 and the bamboo powder inlet 4 are arranged at the lower end of the tower body; the oxygen-insulating carbonization bin comprises a bin body 2, a bamboo charcoal powder outlet 7 arranged at the bottom of the bin body, and a gas outlet 6 arranged at the top of the bin body. The flash low-oxygen carbonization tower mixes the bamboo powder with hot air and then flows oppositely to form heat exchange, and achieves instant carbonization, so that the flash low-oxygen carbonization tower is a process device for ensuring sufficient heat exchange and decomposition and improving the quality of bamboo charcoal. The carbonization temperature of the common bamboo charcoal is 700-900 ℃, but the carbonization temperature in the production method can reach 1000 ℃, and the refining degree reaches the highest 0 grade. The higher the degree of carbonization, the smaller the resistance value, the smaller the degree of refinement and the larger the specific surface area. The bamboo powder rises along with high-temperature low-oxygen hot air, spirally rises in the flash low-oxygen carbonization tower (shown by a dotted line in figure 2), the time of the bamboo powder passing through the flash low-oxygen carbonization tower is 3-20 seconds, the oxidation loss of carbon is very limited under the condition that the oxygen concentration is lower than 3% (for example, 1-3%, specific parameter values can be set through a DCS or PLC control system), after the bamboo powder enters the anaerobic carbonization bin 2 along with the high-temperature low-oxygen hot air, the air speed is rapidly reduced due to the fact that the cross-sectional area of the anaerobic carbonization bin is enlarged, the bamboo powder descends and gradually deposits at the bottom of the anaerobic carbonization bin (shown by a dark color part in figure 2), the oxygen concentration among the bamboo powder is gradually reduced along with the increase of the stacking thickness of the bamboo powder, the anaerobic carbonization environment is caused, and the carbonization effect of the bamboo powder is ensured through anaerobic. The bamboo charcoal after heat preservation and carbonization is output through a bamboo charcoal powder outlet 7. An oxygen concentration on-line monitoring device is arranged in the flash low-oxygen carbonization tower. Controlling the concentration of oxygen in the hot air input into the device for performing flash low-oxygen carbonization to be below 3% by using the monitoring device: when the monitoring device detects that the oxygen content in the input hot air is higher than a set value (namely a set value of 0-3%), a signal is sent out, and the DCS or PLC control system receiving the signal stops inputting the bamboo powder raw material and sends out an acousto-optic alarm. The lower the set value of the oxygen concentration is, the better the flash low-oxygen carbonization effect is, but the requirements on the combustion efficiency and the control precision of the combustion machine are higher. In some embodiments, the oxygen concentration on-line monitoring device can automatically reduce the input of hot air of the secondary combustion engine when the oxygen content in the tail gas is higher than 1.5% through a DCS or PLC control system so as to reduce the oxygen content in the tail gas of the combustion engine or increase the supply of fuel of the secondary combustion engine.
The gas overflowed from the flash low-oxygen carbonization and the anaerobic carbonization is input into a condenser through a gas outlet 5 to be separated to obtain synthesis gas, bamboo tar and bamboo acetic acid. The synthesis gas or the bamboo tar is returned to the first-stage combustor and the downstream high-temperature superheated steam generator to be used as fuel. The bamboo tar is natural renewable biomass fuel, chemical raw material and pesticide raw material. The bamboo tar of the invention can be used as the binder for recycling. Bamboo acetic acid is rich in nearly 300 high molecular compounds such as organic acids, phenols, ketones, aldehydes, esters, alcohols and the like, 80 of the bamboo acetic acid components have a bactericidal function in agriculture, have obvious effects of preventing and treating crop diseases, promoting crop growth, maintaining activity and quality of crops, improving drug effect, preventing premature senility, improving soil and the like, and are widely used for deodorizing animal wastes of farms in urban and rural environment control and deodorizing compost and protecting nitrogen.
The heat source used for the flash low-oxygen carbonization is obtained by primary heating and secondary heating; the primary heating is carried out as follows: the recovered synthetic gas is used as fuel to heat air, and the main purpose is to reduce the fuel consumption of the secondary combustion engine. The first-stage combustor heats air by indirect heat exchange, and the main component of tail gas is CO2And H2O，SO2The content is about 2.5mg/m3Is free of NOXAnd (3) generating, and after 99% of tail gas is recovered by cloth bag dust removal, emptying after reaching the standard. The secondary heating is carried out as follows: the heated air and the petrochemical fuel are combusted to obtain gas with heat energy as heat source (namely the gas with heat energyThe mentioned hot air). The petrochemical fuel can be heavy oil, bio-oil, natural gas, coal-derived gas, methane, metallurgy or chemical engineering tail gas and the like, and high-temperature residual hot air with low oxygen, low sulfur and other low harmful substances, such as hot air led out from a graphitizing furnace flue gas main pipe, and metallurgical furnace and calcium carbide furnace flue gas which are not operated in a closed mode (the oxygen content of the hot air is extremely low (less than 1 percent)) can be directly used, and after dust is removed, if the temperature is not enough, the synthetic gas or the bamboo tar is heated by a primary burner.
In order to obtain the best carbonization effect and the highest carbonization yield, a secondary burner can be omitted, and the primary burner directly heats nitrogen (N) by using fuel or synthesis gas and bamboo tar2) Thereby obtaining high-temperature nitrogen as a heat source.
(3) And (3) heat exchange and cooling: and (3) performing heat exchange cooling on the carbonized product in an oxygen-free environment, wherein the cooled product is first bamboo charcoal powder. And performing oxygen insulation heat exchange and cooling to obtain the bamboo charcoal with high specific surface area. The temperature of the bamboo charcoal after heat exchange and cooling is less than or equal to 60 ℃. Higher temperatures are inconvenient to transport into the graphitization furnace and also increase oxidation losses. Of course, too low is not necessary and the cooling time is increased. The heat exchange cooling is any heat exchange mode that the bamboo charcoal is not contacted with oxygen. Such as indirect heat exchange with water, cold air, and other media. The heat energy recovered by heat exchange and cooling is used for drying the raw materials. When the system is started, because bamboo charcoal heat exchange is not carried out, heat energy cannot be recovered, at the moment, natural air-dried low-moisture raw materials can be put into the system firstly, and the system can normally operate after the bamboo charcoal heat exchange forms a cycle. Compared with the bamboo charcoal prepared by general carbonization at the temperature of below 900 ℃, the bamboo charcoal obtained by near 1000 ℃ flash low-oxygen carbonization and anaerobic carbonization has the advantages that the volatile content is reduced, and the requirement of replacing calcined petroleum coke as the heat-insulating material of the Acheson graphitizing furnace is met.
The BET specific surface area of the obtained first bamboo charcoal powder is 1000-1700 m2The content of the bamboo charcoal/g is completely superior to GB/T26913-2011 bamboo charcoal, GB/T21819 + 2008 + Gekko products Bingchang bamboo charcoal, GB/T26900 + 2011 + air purification + GB/T28669 + 2012 + Fuel + GB/T30365 + 2013 + bedding bamboo charcoal, LY/T2144 + 2013Bamboo charcoal bag for air purification and CJ/T345-2010 coal-based activated carbon for drinking water purification plant and the like. The carbon yield of the bamboo wood can reach more than 30 percent, and the recovery rate of the bamboo acetic acid is higher than 95 percent.
For the purpose of cyclic cleaning production, in some embodiments, the heat energy generated in the heat exchange cooling step is recovered and transferred to the raw material treatment step for drying.
(4) A conversion step: and converting the first bamboo charcoal powder in a graphitization furnace to obtain second bamboo charcoal powder. The BET specific surface area of the obtained second bamboo charcoal powder is not less than 1500m2(ii) in terms of/g. At present, when the carbon microsphere graphitization is used for preparing a lithium battery cathode material, the conversion temperature is far more than 2800 ℃ and reaches 3500 ℃, the temperature of the part of the first bamboo charcoal powder, which is closer to the furnace core, in the graphitization furnace is higher and reaches 2500 ℃ or above, the part, which is far away from the furnace core, is also above 1200 ℃, and the average temperature is about 1800 ℃, namely the conversion temperature of the first bamboo charcoal powder is not a constant number, but in the interval of 1200-2500 ℃, the obtained specific surface area of the second bamboo charcoal powder is an average number, actually, the specific surface area of the second bamboo charcoal powder, which is close to the furnace core, is higher, and the specific surface area of the bamboo charcoal powder, which is far away from the furnace core, is slightly lower. The resistivity of the bamboo charcoal is obviously reduced along with the increase of the carbonization temperature and the reduction of the oxygen content. The high specific surface area bamboo charcoal used as a heat insulation material for replacing calcined coke of the Acheson graphitizing furnace is subjected to anaerobic conversion at high temperature of 1200-2500 ℃ for 7 days, the volume is further reduced, and the density, iodine adsorption value and strength are further increased to form the bamboo charcoal with ultrahigh specific surface area. The prior graphitizing furnace mainly adopts petroleum calcined coke as a heat insulation material, and is high in logistics cost in remote carbon material enterprises, and if the high-specific-surface-area bamboo charcoal is used as the heat insulation material of the Acheson graphitizing furnace instead of the petroleum calcined coke, the operation cost of the carbon material enterprises is reduced, the utilization approach of biomass renewable bamboo charcoal is expanded, and the delicacy, income increase and richness increase of vast farmers are facilitated.
(5) A forming step: mixing the second bamboo charcoal powder and the binder to prepare a molding material. The binder can be recovered bamboo tar, or one or more of modified starch, bamboo tar, coal tar, and phenolic resin. The dosage ratio of the second bamboo charcoal powder to the binder is 1: (0.5 to 1). The molding method can select high-pressure roller pair or extrusion, the molded shape can select any one of rod shape, block shape or ball shape, and the specific shape mainly depends on the user requirement of the bamboo charcoal.
(6) Electric heating carbonization: and (4) performing electric heating carbonization on the molding material. The essence of the electric heating nitrogen charging carbonization is to remove the bamboo tar. The longer the electrothermal nitrogen-filling carbonization time is, the better the decoking effect is. The process conditions of the electric heating carbonization are as follows: the carbonization temperature is 350-500 ℃, the carbonization time is 0.5-1.5 h, and N is introduced2The electrothermal carbonization is performed under the condition of (1). Collecting gas in the electric heating carbonization process, and condensing the gas to obtain the bamboo tar byproduct.
(7) Steam activation: and (4) performing steam activation on the product after the electric heating carbonization to obtain the bamboo charcoal. The process conditions of the steam activation are as follows: the activation temperature is 800-1000 ℃, and the activation time is 2-6 h.
The strength of the bamboo charcoal powder with ultrahigh specific surface area, high iodine adsorption value and high strength prepared by the steps is not less than 90-100%, the iodine adsorption value is not less than 1100mg/g, and the BET specific surface area is not less than 1500m2And/g, thereby providing high-quality electromagnetic, biochemical and radiation protection raw materials for national economy and military industry.
It should be added that the bamboo charcoal is prepared by adopting the traditional dry distillation pyrolysis method, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: cutting bamboo, putting the bamboo into a vertical retort for burning at 800 ℃ for 72 hours, and cooling to obtain a bamboo charcoal product. In the carbonization process, the overflowed gas is collected and cooled, and then the synthesis gas, the bamboo tar and the bamboo acetic acid are recovered.
The bamboo charcoal powder obtained by the method has a stacking weight of less than 400g/L and a BET specific surface area of less than 600m2And/g, only can be produced in an intermittent way in one tank and one tank, continuous flow line type operation cannot be carried out, the efficiency is low, and the environmental protection problem is prominent.
The method is also widely applicable to preparing activated carbon with ultrahigh specific surface area, high iodine adsorption value and high strength from fruit shells such as rice hulls, coconut shells, peanut shells and the like, and by-products of synthesis gas and bio-oil. The method for preparing the bamboo charcoal powder with high specific surface area cancels the procedure of caustic soda soaking, uses flash low-oxygen carbonization at 450-650 ℃ and heat-preservation anaerobic carbonization at 450-600 ℃, and is also suitable for preparing biochar, synthesis gas and bio-oil from wood, crop straws, biomass industrial wastes (such as vinasse, vinegar residue and the like), household garbage and the like. The method for preparing the bamboo charcoal powder with high specific surface area cancels the procedures of chopping and caustic soda soaking, uses a scattering dryer in the drying procedure, uses flash low-oxygen carbonization at 450-850 ℃ and heat-preservation anaerobic carbonization at 450-800 ℃, and is also suitable for preparing biochar, synthesis gas and bio-oil from animal wastes, biochemical sludge discharged by domestic sewage treatment plants, partial industrial sludge and the like. 11-20% of biochar, 10-18% of bio-oil, 30-55% of synthesis gas and the balance of ash, volatile matters and other solid impurities. The heat value of the biochar is higher than that of common coal, and the biochar can be used as fuel after being added with common organic binders (such as humic acid binders or modified starch and other biomass binders) for coal powder and being pressed into blocks.
The method is one of effective methods for repairing and improving water and fertilizer retention of soil, adsorbing and reducing heavy metal pollution and adjusting soil acid-base balance by preparing charcoal from reproducible wood, crop straws, biomass industrial waste (such as vinasse, vinegar residue and the like), domestic garbage, animal waste, biochemical sludge discharged from domestic sewage treatment plants and part of industrial sludge, which are convenient for industrial processing. In order to facilitate the application and sowing of the biochar, the novel organic-inorganic composite slow-release fertilizer is prepared by uniformly mixing the biochar with organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and natural binder (such as sepiolite powder, bentonite powder, silicate and the like), granulating and drying. After the slow release fertilizer is applied and sown by base fertilizer or additional fertilizer, biochar, organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, silicon, calcium, magnesium and the like in soil are gathered to a certain degree to gradually form artificial black soil, such as famous south America amazon artificial black soil in the river basin.
The following are examples of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, a certain biomass new material science and technology enterprise can process moso bamboos which grow for more than 5 years40000 ton (average water content of factory is 15%), cutting and chopping the moso bamboo are entrusted to the local rural bamboo professional cooperative, the size of the chopped flaky raw material is 3 mm-50 mm multiplied by 3 mm-50 mm, and the thickness is 1 mm-10 mm. Soaking in 15% sodium hydroxide water solution for 24 hr, baking with 150 deg.C hot air for 45 min, drying until the water content is less than 0.6%, and pulverizing to obtain 100 mesh powder or more than 85%. Then performing flash low-oxygen carbonization at 1000 ℃ for 3 seconds and anaerobic carbonization at 950 ℃ for 60 minutes, performing pipe heat exchange cooling to 55 ℃ by using cold air as a medium to obtain 10000 tons of high-specific-surface-area bamboo charcoal powder with the particle size of 200 meshes being more than or equal to 85%, separating gas overflowed by the flash low-oxygen carbonization and the anaerobic carbonization by a condenser, and recovering 1190 ten thousand Nm of synthetic gas32000 tons of bamboo tar and 12500 tons of bamboo acetic acid.
8500 tons of bamboo charcoal powder with high specific surface area is subjected to Acheson graphitizing furnace to replace calcined petroleum coke to be used as heat preservation material, and further is subjected to high-temperature conversion at the temperature of not less than 2500 ℃ at the innermost layer and not less than 1200 ℃ at the outermost layer to prepare 8000 tons of bamboo charcoal powder with ultrahigh specific surface area. The stacking weight of the bamboo charcoal powder with ultrahigh specific surface area reaches 450g/L, BET on average, and the specific surface area reaches 1500m on average2(ii) in terms of/g. The first bamboo charcoal powder is used for replacing a petroleum coke heat-insulating material, so that the use of petroleum coke can be reduced, and the bamboo charcoal powder with ultrahigh specific surface area can be obtained.
Adding bamboo tar into 8000 tons of bamboo charcoal powder with ultrahigh specific surface area, extruding into strips with 40mm × 40mm cross section, electrically heating at 500 deg.C for 2 hr, charging nitrogen, carbonizing, and activating with steam at 950 deg.C for 6 hr to obtain bamboo charcoal with ultrahigh specific surface area, high iodine adsorption value and high strength. The bamboo charcoal has ultrahigh specific surface area, high iodine adsorption value, high strength, bulk weight of not less than 450g/L, strength of not less than 95%, iodine adsorption value of not less than 1100mg/g, BET specific surface area of not less than 1500m2(ii) in terms of/g. Meanwhile, the bamboo tar is recycled to realize cyclic utilization.
The fuel of the enterprise is natural gas, and the annual use of the natural gas is 350 ten thousand meters33000 tons of bamboo charcoal with ultrahigh specific surface area, high iodine adsorption value and high strength are produced annually, 5000 tons of bamboo charcoal powder with ultrahigh specific surface area and 1500 tons of bamboo charcoal powder with high specific surface area, and 1900 tons of bamboo tar and 12500 tons of bamboo acetic acid are byproducts. Syngas 1190 ten thousand Nm3All the components are recycled. 8500 tons of bamboo charcoal powder with high specific surface area replaces the same amount of calcined petroleum coke heat-insulating material.
Recovery of syngas 1190 ten thousand Nm3And all the fuel is circularly supplied to the first-stage combustor and the high-temperature superheated steam generator to be used as fuel. And the tail gas of the burner is dedusted by a bag-type dust collector and then is exhausted after reaching the standard.
The production system is controlled by a DCS, and a main system, an auxiliary nitrogen making machine, a high-temperature steam generator, an electric heating nitrogen-filling carbonization tank, a bamboo tar recovery device and a power supply system are all connected to the DCS. An oxygen concentration on-line monitoring device is arranged in the flash low-oxygen carbonization tower, and when the oxygen content in the high-temperature hot air input by the secondary combustion machine is higher than 1.5%, the bamboo powder raw material is stopped to be input in a linkage manner and an acousto-optic alarm is given out. And automatically reducing the input of hot air of the secondary combustion engine and simultaneously increasing the fuel supply amount of the secondary combustion engine.
Example 2
12500 tons of Ci bamboo (average water content of 20% in factory) produced by a certain bamboo industry cooperative company for more than 3 years is processed annually, the size of the sliced raw material is 3 mm-50 mm × 3 mm-50 mm, and the thickness is 1 mm-10 mm. Soaking in 20% sodium hydroxide water solution for 24 hr, baking with 180 deg.C hot air for 30 min, drying until water content is lower than 2%, and pulverizing to particle size less than 1 mm. Then flash low-oxygen carbonization at 950 ℃ for 7 seconds and anaerobic carbonization at 900 ℃ for 50 minutes, and pipeline heat exchange cooling to 60 ℃ by using cold air as a medium to prepare 3000 tons of high-specific-surface-area bamboo charcoal powder with the particle size of 50 meshes being more than or equal to 65 percent, wherein gas overflowed by the flash low-oxygen carbonization and the anaerobic carbonization is separated by a condenser, and 340 ten thousand Nm of synthesis gas is recovered3550 tons of bamboo tar and 3500 tons of bamboo acetic acid.
The enterprise fuel adopts 550 tons of heavy oil which is used annually, 3000 tons of bamboo charcoal powder with high specific surface area are produced annually, and 550 tons of bamboo tar and 3500 tons of bamboo acetic acid are byproducts. 340 ten thousand Nm of synthesis gas3All the recovered materials are circularly supplied to a first-stage combustor as fuel. And the tail gas of the combustion is dedusted by a bag-type dust collector and then is exhausted after reaching the standard.
The production system is controlled by a PLC. An oxygen concentration on-line monitoring device is arranged in the flash low-oxygen carbonization tower, and when the oxygen content in the high-temperature hot air input by the secondary combustion machine is higher than 1.8%, the bamboo powder raw material is stopped to be input in a linkage manner and an acousto-optic alarm is given out. And automatically reducing the input of hot air of the secondary combustion engine and simultaneously increasing the fuel supply amount of the secondary combustion engine.
Example 3
Bamboo charcoal enterprises in an industrial park process more than 3 years into hard bamboo charcoal 20000 tons (the moisture content of the factory is about 15%), bamboo harvesting and chopping are entrusted to local rural bamboo professional cooperation, and the chopped flaky raw materials are 3-50 mm multiplied by 3-50 mm and 1-10 mm in thickness. Soaking in 17% sodium hydroxide water solution for 24 hr, baking with recovered hot air at 200 deg.C for 25 min, drying until water content is less than 1.5%, and pulverizing to obtain powder with particle size of 100 meshes or greater than 65%. Then flash low-oxygen carbonization at 900 ℃ for 5 seconds and anaerobic carbonization at 850 ℃ for 80 minutes, then pipeline heat exchange cooling is carried out to 50 ℃ by using cold air as a medium to prepare 5000 tons of high specific surface area bamboo charcoal powder with the particle size of 200 meshes being more than or equal to 65 percent, gas overflowed by the flash low-oxygen carbonization and the anaerobic carbonization is separated by a condenser, 600 ten thousand Nm of synthesis gas is recovered31000 tons of bamboo tar and 6000 tons of bamboo acetic acid.
5000 tons of bamboo charcoal powder with high specific surface area is subjected to Acheson graphitizing furnace to replace calcined petroleum coke to be used as heat preservation material, and further is subjected to high-temperature conversion at the temperature of not less than 2500 ℃ at the innermost layer and not less than 1200 ℃ at the outermost layer to prepare the bamboo charcoal powder with ultrahigh specific surface area. Adding the recycled bamboo tar into the bamboo charcoal powder with the ultrahigh specific surface area according to the ratio of 1:1, extruding the bamboo charcoal powder into strips with the diameter of 35mm, performing electrothermal nitrogen charging carbonization at 380 ℃ for 2.5 hours, and performing steam activation at 950 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain 5000 tons of the bamboo charcoal powder with the ultrahigh specific surface area. 2000 tons of cylindrical carbon with the diameter of 3.5cm and the length of 5-15 cm, 1000 tons of crushed carbon with the diameter of 2-3.5 cm and 2000 tons of granular carbon with the diameter of 3-5 mm.
The fuel of the enterprise adopts tail gas of an accessory metallurgy chemical enterprise, the main component of the tail gas is CO, the heat value is 2900 kcal/kg, and the annual used metallurgy chemical tail gas is 500 ten thousand Nm35000 tons of bamboo charcoal powder with ultrahigh specific surface area is produced annually, and 950 tons of bamboo tar and 6000 tons of bamboo acetic acid are byproducts. 600 ten thousand Nm of synthesis gas3All the fuel is circularly supplied to the first-stage combustor and the high-temperature superheated steam generator to be used as fuel. Tail gas of combustionAfter dust removal by a bag-type dust collector, the air is discharged after reaching the standard.
The production system is controlled by a DCS, and a main system, an auxiliary nitrogen making machine, a high-temperature steam generator, an electric heating nitrogen-filling carbonization tank, a bamboo tar recovery device and a power supply system are all connected to the DCS. An oxygen concentration on-line monitoring device is arranged in the flash low-oxygen carbonization tower, and when the oxygen content in the high-temperature hot air input by the secondary combustion machine is higher than 1.6%, the bamboo powder raw material is stopped to be input in a linkage manner and an acousto-optic alarm is given out. And automatically reducing the input of hot air of the secondary combustion engine and simultaneously increasing the fuel supply amount of the secondary combustion engine.
Example 4
In a certain garbage treatment plant, 25000 tons of domestic garbage are treated every year (the water content of the plant is about 20%) to prepare the biochar and the bio-oil after a caustic soda soaking procedure is omitted by utilizing the method for preparing the bamboo charcoal powder with the high specific surface area. The specific method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of chopping the household garbage with larger overall dimension into pieces with the dimension of 3-50 mm multiplied by 3-50 mm and the thickness of 1-10 mm, baking the pieces for 25 minutes by recycled 180 ℃ hot air, drying the pieces until the water content is lower than 0.5 percent, and crushing the pieces until the particle size is smaller than 1 mm. Then flash low-oxygen carbonization at 650 ℃ for 10 seconds and anaerobic carbonization at 600 ℃ for 40 minutes are carried out, then pipeline heat exchange cooling is carried out by using cold air as a medium to 60 ℃ to prepare 3000 tons of charcoal powder with the particle size of 50 meshes being more than or equal to 65 percent, gas overflowed by the flash low-oxygen carbonization and the anaerobic carbonization is separated by a condenser, and 750 ten thousand meters of synthetic gas are recovered33000 tons of bio-oil.
Example 5
The method for preparing the bamboo charcoal powder with high specific surface area of the invention cancels the procedures of chopping and caustic soda soaking, a scattering dryer is used in the drying procedure, animal manure, biochemical sludge discharged by a domestic sewage treatment plant and part of industrial sludge are treated every year by 50000 tons (the average moisture content in the treated sludge is about 45 percent), and biological charcoal and biological oil are prepared. The specific method comprises the following steps: drying the raw materials with recovered 180 deg.C hot air by using a scattering drier until the water content is less than 0.5%, and pulverizing to obtain particles with particle size less than 1 mm. Then flash low-oxygen charring at 750 deg.C and 15 seconds, anaerobic charring at 700 deg.C and 40 minutes, and cooling to 60 deg.C by cold air as medium through pipeline heat exchange to obtain raw material with particle size of 50 meshes or greater than 65%3000 tons of charcoal powder, gas overflowed by flash low-oxygen carbonization and anaerobic carbonization are separated by a condenser, and 750 ten thousand Nm of synthetic gas is recovered33000 tons of bio-oil.
The fuel adopts heavy oil, 500 tons of heavy oil is used annually, and 6000 tons of biological oil are completely recovered and circularly supplied to the primary combustion engine and the secondary combustion engine as the fuel. 1500 ten thousand Nm obtained3The synthetic gas is input into a garbage power plant to generate electricity.
The obtained charcoal powder is added with N, P, K fertilizer and binder to be granulated and dried to prepare the slow release fertilizer. The slow release fertilizer can also greatly improve the granular structure of soil, increase the water retention and fertilizer retention capacity, adsorb and reduce heavy metal pollution, and adjust the acid-base balance of soil. In the past, the biochar is gathered to a certain degree, namely, the artificial black soil is gradually formed.
The production system is controlled by DCS. An oxygen concentration on-line monitoring device is arranged in the flash low-oxygen carbonization tower, and when the oxygen content in the high-temperature hot air input by the secondary combustion machine is higher than 1.2%, the input of the dried powdery raw material is stopped in a chain manner and an acousto-optic alarm is given out. And automatically reducing the input of hot air of the secondary combustion engine and simultaneously increasing the fuel supply amount of the secondary combustion engine.
Example 6
In a rural industrial integrated lead enterprise, 20000 tons of straws, firewood carbon materials and wood processing leftover materials (with the water content of about 15 percent in a factory) are treated annually to prepare the biochar and the bio-oil after a caustic soda soaking procedure is canceled by utilizing the method for preparing the bamboo charcoal powder with the high specific surface area. The specific method comprises the following steps: cutting straws, firewood carbon materials and wood processing leftover materials into pieces, wherein the size of the pieces of raw materials is 3 mm-50 mm multiplied by 3 mm-50 mm, the thickness is 1 mm-10 mm, baking the pieces of raw materials for 45 minutes by recycled hot air at 150 ℃, drying the pieces of raw materials until the water content is lower than 1%, and the particle size is smaller than 1mm after crushing. Then flash low-oxygen carbonization at 600 ℃ for 6 seconds and anaerobic carbonization at 550 ℃ for 40 minutes are carried out, pipeline heat exchange cooling is carried out by using cold air as a medium to 60 ℃ to prepare 3500 tons of charcoal powder with the particle size of 50 meshes being more than or equal to 65 percent, gas overflowed by the flash low-oxygen carbonization and the anaerobic carbonization is separated by a condenser, and 930 ten thousand Nm of synthetic gas is recovered33500 tons of bio-oil.
The enterprise adopts the marsh gas of a farm as fuel and is yearlyThe usage amount is 30 ten thousand Nm3930 ten thousand Nm of synthetic gas prepared by the project3All the recovered fuel is circularly supplied to the first-stage combustor and the second-stage combustor to be used as fuel. 3500 tons of biological oil obtained is used as raw material in commercial fertilizer and pesticide enterprises.
5 percent of potassium dihydrogen phosphite fertilizer and 8 percent of sepiolite powder binder are added into the charcoal powder for granulation and drying to prepare the multifunctional slow release fertilizer for killing various harmful bacteria in soil. The slow release fertilizer can also improve the granular structure of soil, increase the water retention and fertilizer retention capacity, adsorb and reduce heavy metal pollution, and adjust the acid-base balance of soil. In the past, the biochar is gathered to a certain degree, namely, the artificial black soil is gradually formed.
The production system is controlled by a PLC. An oxygen concentration on-line monitoring device is arranged in the flash low-oxygen carbonization tower, and when the oxygen content in the high-temperature hot air input by the secondary combustion machine is higher than 1.5%, the input of the dried powdery raw material is stopped in a chain manner and an acousto-optic alarm is given out. And automatically reducing the input of hot air of the secondary combustion engine and simultaneously increasing the fuel supply amount of the secondary combustion engine.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A production method of bamboo charcoal is characterized in that: the production method comprises the following steps:
raw material treatment: chopping bamboo, soaking in caustic soda, drying and crushing to obtain bamboo powder;
carbonizing: performing flash low-oxygen carbonization on the bamboo powder, and then performing anaerobic carbonization;
heat exchange and cooling: performing heat exchange and cooling on the carbonized product in an oxygen-free environment, wherein the cooled product is first bamboo charcoal powder;
and (3) transformation: converting the first bamboo charcoal powder in a graphitization furnace to obtain second bamboo charcoal powder;
molding: mixing the second bamboo charcoal powder and the binder to prepare a molding material;
electric heating and carbonizing: carrying out electric heating carbonization on the molding material; and
steam activation: performing steam activation on the product after electric heating carbonization to obtain bamboo charcoal;
the flash low-oxygen carbonization process conditions are as follows: the carbonization temperature is 800-1000 ℃, the carbonization time is 3-20 s, an oxygen concentration monitoring device is arranged in the device for performing flash low-oxygen carbonization, and the oxygen concentration in hot air input into the device for performing flash low-oxygen carbonization is controlled to be below 3% by utilizing the monitoring device.
2. The production method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the production method further comprises a step of recovering the by-product; the step of recovering the by-products comprises:
collecting gas overflowing in the carbonization step, and condensing the gas to obtain synthesis gas, bamboo tar and bamboo acetic acid; and/or
Collecting gas in the electric heating carbonization process, and condensing the gas to obtain the bamboo tar.
3. The production method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the production method also comprises the step of recycling; the step of recycling comprises:
using syngas as a fuel, part to perform said flash low oxygen carbonization, and part to perform said steam activation;
using part or all of the bamboo tar as a bonding agent to prepare the molding material; and/or
And recovering the heat energy generated in the heat exchange and cooling step, and conveying the heat energy to the raw material treatment step for drying.
4. The production method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the heat source used for the flash low-oxygen carbonization is obtained by primary heating and secondary heating;
the primary heating is carried out as follows: the recovered synthesis gas is used as fuel to heat air;
the secondary heating is carried out as follows: the heated air and the petrochemical fuel are combusted, and the obtained gas with heat energy is used as a heat source.
5. The production method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the anaerobic carbonization process conditions are as follows: the carbonization temperature is 800-1000 ℃, and the carbonization time is 20-60 min.
6. The production method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature of the first bamboo charcoal powder obtained after the heat exchange and cooling is not more than 60 ℃;
the conversion temperature is 1200-2500 ℃;
the process conditions of the electric heating carbonization are as follows: the carbonization temperature is 350-500 ℃, the carbonization time is 0.5-1.5 h, and N is introduced2The electric heating carbonization is carried out under the condition of (1); and/or
The process conditions of the steam activation are as follows: the activation temperature is 800-1000 ℃, and the activation time is 2-6 h.
7. The production method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the dosage ratio of the second bamboo charcoal powder to the binder is 1: (0.5 to 1).
8. The production method according to claim 1, characterized in that: controlling the length of the chopped bamboo wood to be 3-50 mm, the width of the bamboo wood to be 3-50 mm and the thickness of the bamboo wood to be 1-10 mm;
controlling the water content of the dried bamboo material not to exceed 3 percent;
and controlling the particle size of the bamboo wood powder not to exceed 3 mm.
9. The production method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the concentration of the caustic soda aqueous solution for soaking is 10-20%, the soaking time is 8-24 hours, the residual liquid after soaking is filtered and purified, and the purified water is collected and used for preparing the caustic soda aqueous solution.
10. A carbonizing apparatus used in the production method of any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the carbonizing device comprises: the device comprises a flash low-oxygen carbonization tower and an oxygen-insulated carbonization bin, wherein the upper end of the flash low-oxygen carbonization tower is communicated with the middle upper part of the oxygen-insulated carbonization bin through a communication pipeline;
the flash low-oxygen carbonization tower comprises a tower body, a hot air inlet and a bamboo powder inlet, wherein the hot air inlet and the bamboo powder inlet are arranged at the lower end of the tower body;
the oxygen-insulating carbonization bin comprises a bin body, a bamboo charcoal powder outlet arranged at the bottom of the bin body and a gas outlet arranged at the top of the bin body.
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| CN109333748B (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2021-04-13 | 广西桂林华海家居用品有限公司 | Method for preparing clothes hanger by recycling bamboo wood waste |
| CN111377444B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2022-09-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Petroleum coke-based activated carbon and preparation method thereof |
| CN109665509B (en) * | 2019-02-03 | 2023-12-19 | 桃源县虹鑫竹业有限公司 | Bamboo charcoal production system and production method |
| CN110699099B (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-11-20 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for preparing high-strength coke for iron making by using chemical wastes |
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