CN203768295U - Combined-type rapid coking equipment of poly-generated biomass and carbonizing method thereof - Google Patents
Combined-type rapid coking equipment of poly-generated biomass and carbonizing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN203768295U CN203768295U CN201420025017.8U CN201420025017U CN203768295U CN 203768295 U CN203768295 U CN 203768295U CN 201420025017 U CN201420025017 U CN 201420025017U CN 203768295 U CN203768295 U CN 203768295U
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- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 30
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 90
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a combined-type rapid coking equipment of poly-generated biomass, which comprises five parts, such as a drying pretreatment system, a continuous carbonization system, an exhaust gas purification system, an exhaust gas combustion system and a power and control system. Waste biomasses of agriculture and forestry are preheated and dried by the drying pretreatment system and enter the continuous carbonization system to be transformed into charcoal in sub-high temperature anoxic condition; and the charcoal is discharged by a flashboard-containing bottom plate of a carbonization chamber and a screw conveyer. The flammable gas generated during the carbonization process realizes gas-liquid separation and gas-solid separation through the exhaust gas purification system and finally enters the exhaust gas combustion system to be ignited; and the generated heat energy is used for the drying pretreatment system and the power and control system which contains a steam generator and a storage battery so as to realize energy recycling.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural mechanical field, particularly a kind of Combined type multiplex produces material fast charring equipment and carbonizing method thereof.
Background technology
China is large agricultural country, produce the waste resource total amounts such as crop material per year and exceed 700,000,000 tons, wherein there is nearly half to be dropped or on-site incineration, not only cause the serious waste of biomass resource, destroy Soil structure, productivity of cultivated land is declined, also cause serious environmental pollution, threatened communications and transportation and people's production, living safety.
Biomass carbonated, refer in particular to the process that biomass is changed into charcoal, straw charring also field is that the low value agricultural waste resources such as stalk are prepared into charcoal and are returned soil by charring process, can effectively increase soil input, improve soil quality, to promote agriculture circulation Sustainable development have important practical significance (Chen Wenfu, etc. charcoal application technical research. Chinese engineering science .2011,13 (2): 83-89; Meng Jun, etc. agriculture and forestry organic waste material charing is the developing foreground of field technology also. the journal .2011 of Agricultural University Of Shenyang, 42 (4): 387-392).
In carbonization process; not only can obtain charcoal; also while output inflammable gas, wood tar oil and vinegar liquid etc.; if in addition diversification develops; can solve to a great extent the challenge of the field faces such as Sustainable development, energy-saving and cost-reducing, environment protection and improvement; contribute to build low-carbon high-efficiency Economic Development Mode, to ensureing that National Environmental, the energy, grain security are significant.
At present, the carbonization device and the production model that generally adopt both at home and abroad mainly contain two kinds.One is that application big scale production equipment is concentrated charing on a large scale; Another kind be the simple and easy equipment for preparing charcoal of application in the places of origin of raw materials on the spot or short run charing nearby.The former problem is, extensive centralized production is very large to the demand of raw material, and these raw materials agroforestry abandoned biomass of low value often, distribute wide, density is low, stores up fortune link with high costs.Meanwhile, scale operation is corresponding a large amount of infrastructure construction often, such as civil engineering etc., and amount of investment is large, once completion is just difficult to move.Maximization equipment centralized production will affect its price to the thriving demand of raw material, and cost of material may form enormous impact to manufacturer conversely.In the time that increasing price of raw materials exceeds it and bears space, integrated mill is difficult to timely adjustment, probably faces the unfavorable situation of stop work and production.The latter's problem is, easy equipment for preparing charcoal is larger to labour demand, and working condition is arduouser, also may be for want of effectively environmental protection equipment or measure and environment is produced to considerable influence.Therefore, in the urgent need to a kind of production unit of removable, high-efficiency environment friendly.
For the demand, the invention provides a kind of Combined type multiplex and produce material fast charring equipment and carbonizing method thereof.Retain well the micrometer grade hole gap structure of original biomass with the charcoal that the present invention produces, and increased a large amount of nano level holes, show good absorption property, and raw material charing has been even, without half-cooked charcoal.Meanwhile, production process semi-automation, has saved labor force, has improved work situation, has especially substantially realized continuously and automatization going out carbon ring joint, has reduced labour intensity, has improved production efficiency.By exhaust combustion, this equipment has not only been subdued CO, H
2and CH
4deng inflammable gas discharge, more local use residual heat drying material, has not only relaxed the requirement to raw material water content, the also further open scope of application of this equipment.In carbonization process, realize liquid heat hydrolysis products and reclaimed completely, stop environmental pollution, also increase economic efficiency and lay a good foundation for follow-up deep processing.Carbonization device provided by the invention adopts the design of separate assembling, easy to loading and unloading, be easy to transport, and production capacity is moderate, mates with agricultural waste resource characteristic distributions.
A kind of Combined type multiplex provided by the invention produces material fast charring equipment and carbonizing method thereof, can receive in a large number the agricultural abandoned biomass such as stalk, subdue pollution of area source, realize low value resource higher value application, there is the features such as clean, environmental protection, efficient, low consumption, meet recycling economy development demand, significant for agricultural sustainable development, have a extensive future.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiency of existing carbonization device in mobility, environmental protection and production efficiency, the invention provides a kind of Combined type multiplex and produce material fast charring equipment, comprise and dry pretreatment system, continuously carbonizing system, exhaust gas purification system, exhaust combustion system and 5 major parts such as electric power and Controlling System.Particularly, the invention solves exhaust emissions and UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN problem, solved and gone out continuously charcoal problem, solved the inefficient problem of charing.Meanwhile, the present invention also provides the method for applying this device fabrication charcoal.
In order to make full use of the mixed combustible gas of carbonization process generation and to reduce raw material water content and improve charing efficiency, the invention provides oven dry pretreatment system, be dram heating by charring furnace charing exhaust combustion.Material is by after this system, and moisture content can be reduced in 20%, and exit temperature of charge can reach 40-50 DEG C.
In order to improve charing efficiency, reduce labour intensity, improve work situation, the invention provides automanual continuously carbonizing system.The material of drying enters after continuously carbonizing system, relies on gravity mobile to charring furnace bottom, successively through punishment in advance envelope district, combustion zone and char zone, completes from raw material to the burning of being heated again to the transformation of anoxybiotic charing state.The charcoal of making moves to charring furnace bottom by plate switch from coking chamber, and by discharging scraper plate with go out charcoal auger and enter charcoal bucket capacity device.
In order to realize purification, gas solid separation, the gas-liquid separation of charring furnace charing tail gas, the invention provides exhaust gas purification system, can realize fractional condensation and the high efficiente callback of liquid heat hydrolysis products.The tail gas with inflammable gas that carbonization process produces enters exhaust gas purification system by the ventilation terminal in charring furnace, passes through successively spray column, cooling tower, dehumidifying tower and gas-holder.Burnt oil and vinegar liquid is collected completely by the valve pipe of spray column, cooling tower, dehumidifying tower and gas-holder bottom, can be used for the production of charcoal fertilizer and soil improvement agent after leaving standstill.When can be used for charcoal, water in spray column lowers the temperature and dedusting to charcoal.
In order to realize the burning of charing tail gas, the invention provides tail gas burner, be respectively used to dram heat supply and tail gas clean-up processing, its inlet mouth is connected with gas-holder vapor pipe, resistance wire in combustion unit ignite combustible gas perfect combustion, realize tail gas clean-up object.
Energy-saving and cost-reducing in order to realize, the invention provides electric power and Controlling System.Comprising housing, steam driven generator and store battery, is total system power supply.
The invention provides a kind of Combined type multiplex and produce material fast charring equipment, comprise and dry pretreatment system, continuously carbonizing system, exhaust gas purification system, exhaust combustion system and electric power and Controlling System:
Described oven dry pretreatment system, comprises elevating hopper 1, material loading auger 2, dram hopper 3, dram 4, siccative bucket 7 and tail gas burner 26; Material enters dram through elevating hopper, material loading auger and dram hopper, finally to siccative bucket;
Described continuously carbonizing system, comprises charring furnace 11, goes out charcoal auger 12, charcoal bucket 13;
Described exhaust gas purification system, comprises water tank 9, spray column 17, cooling tower 18, dehumidifying tower 19 and gas-holder 21; The tail gas that charring furnace produces enters gas-holder 21 through spray column 17, cooling tower 18, dehumidifying tower 19 successively;
Described exhaust combustion system, comprises tail gas burner, is ignited, for dram heat supply and tail gas clean-up processing by resistance wire.
Described charring furnace 11 is cylindrical, comprises body of heater T2, ventilation terminal T4, vapor pipe T5, protective guard T6, drain separator T7, plate T8, coking chamber base plate T9, charring furnace base plate T11, axle and shaft coupling T12, electric motor T13;
Ventilation terminal T4 is conical structure, is connected with vapor pipe T5 by base; Protective guard T6 is the frustoconical of lower thick upper thin, is fixed on the top of axle and shaft coupling T12; Drain separator T7 is strengthened by protective guard T6 and is connected on axle and shaft coupling T12; Plate T8 is circular configuration, and two ends respectively have a handles to stretch out charring furnace, are convenient to closure or openness centered by axle T12; Coking chamber base plate T9 is fixed on furnace wall, and when promoting the handle of plate T8, plate rotates, and drain separator T7 can promote charcoal and leave coking chamber, falls on charring furnace base plate T11; Electric motor T13 is connected on axle and shaft coupling T12.
The present invention further provides above-mentioned carbonization device and produced the method for charcoal, comprised and get the raw materials ready, material loading, ignite, shove charge, temperature adjustment, go out the step such as charcoal, banking.
Described getting the raw materials ready refers to agricultural abandoned biomass natural air drying, water content is controlled at below 25%, and adopts any crumbling method of the prior art that above-mentioned biomass processing is pulverized, and makes the fritter of major axis 5-10cm, or first broken rear air-dry or oven dry.
Described material loading refers to after armamentarium is ready, starting outfit, and material enters charring furnace along material loading auger, dram, siccative auger, is deposited on coking chamber base plate, till ventilation terminal bottom.
The material pressing in coking chamber is lighted.
Described shove charge refers to after material ignites, and continues material to send in coking chamber, extremely higher than till the 10-20cm of ventilation terminal top.Then continue to feed in raw material according to combustion position, until solid accumulation is to charring furnace neck.
Described temperature adjustment refers to after material fully ignites, and after zone of combustion is higher than last layer vision slit, closes vision slit, now starts induced draft fan, feeding spraying pump and tail gas burner.Observe material heating status according to thermopair, and close accordingly and open vision slit, play and join wind action.Meanwhile, workman observes situation in charring furnace on operator's console, stirs material with stock, by oxygen supply amount in feeding thickness control body of heater, ensures that charing is even.
Described go out charcoal and refer to after zone of combustion is higher than last layer vision slit, open plate, start scraper plate, charcoal is fallen on charring furnace base plate, and be pushed to out charcoal auger.Meanwhile, open cooling-water pump, use the water in water tank to lower the temperature and dedusting to the charcoal in charcoal bucket.
Compared with existing large-scale centralized charring furnace, simple and easy charring furnace, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, modularization, built-up type design, be convenient to handling, without civil engineering, can adjust at any time production site according to raw material supplying situation, also can be according to industrial scale flexible configuration number of devices.Can be transported to easily the starting material place of production, realize the charing on the spot of agriculture and forestry organic waste material, starting material transport be changed into the transport of charcoal, transportation cost significantly reduces and reaches 70%.
2, energy-conserving and environment-protective, realize power self-support by cogeneration, without the external energy.The charcoal processing technique of the present invention's exploitation drops into without outside resources, only relies on spontaneous combustion to complete carbonization process.The combustible gas that carbonization process produces fully burns, and has greatly alleviated environmental pollution, and the heat of its generation not only can be dried for raw material preheating, also can be connected on steam driven generator and store battery, powers to electric motor.
3, realize the semi-automatic charcoal that goes out continuously, greatly improved labor condition, improved production efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
Figure 1A is that Combined type multiplex produces material quick charring furnace vertical view.
Figure 1B is that Combined type multiplex produces material quick charring furnace side-view.
Fig. 1 C is exhaust gas purification system side-view.
Wherein: (1). elevating hopper, (2). material loading auger, (3). dram hopper, (4). dram, (5). gear, (6). air outlet, (7). siccative bucket, (8). siccative auger, (9). water tank, (10). tripper, (11). charring furnace, (12). go out charcoal auger, (13). charcoal bucket, (14). spray equipment, (15). operator's console, (16). water tank, (17). spray column, (18). cooling tower, (19). dehumidifying tower, (20). induced draft fan, (21). gas-holder, (22). tail gas burner, (23). steam driven generator, (24). store battery, (25). housing, (26). tail gas burner, (27). tank, (28). upflow tube.
Fig. 2 is continuously carbonizing system architecture schematic diagram.
Wherein: (T1). neck, (T2). body of heater, (T3). thermal insulation layer, (T4). ventilation terminal, (T5). vapor pipe, (T6). protective guard, (T7). drain separator, (T8). plate, (T9). coking chamber base plate, (T10). discharging scraper plate, (T11). charring furnace base plate, (T12). axle and shaft coupling, (T13). electric motor, (T14). step-down gear, (T15). charring furnace base, (T16). go out charcoal auger, (T17). thermopair, (T18). vision slit, (T19). operator's console (15).
Fig. 3 is spray column and cisten mechanism schematic diagram in exhaust gas purification system.
Wherein: (P1). air outlet, (P2). tower body, (P3). inlet mouth, (P4). cooling water outlet, (P5). water inlet pipe, (P6). cooling-water pump, (P7). water coolant filter screen, (P8). water shoot, (P9). spray water filter screen, (P10). feeding spraying pump, (P11). shower, (P12). shower nozzle.
Fig. 4 is that Combined type multiplex produces material quick charring furnace sterogram
Fig. 5 corn cob charcoal microtexture
Embodiment
Combined type multiplex provided by the invention produces material quick charring furnace and comprises oven dry pretreatment system, continuously carbonizing system, exhaust gas purification system, exhaust combustion system and 5 parts such as electric power and Controlling System.Adopt semi-enclosed sub-high temperature anoxic distillation process, can use agricultural abandoned biomass to prepare charcoal for raw material, but be not limited to agricultural abandoned biomass.This equipment can manual operation, independent operating, also can be used in conjunction with equipment such as raw material travelling belt, agitators.
One, in order to make full use of the mixed combustible gas of carbonization process generation and to reduce raw material water content, raising charing efficiency, the invention provides oven dry pretreatment system, comprise elevating hopper 1, material loading auger 2, dram hopper 3, dram 4 and siccative bucket 7.In order to improve drying efficiency, dram 4 inwalls are provided with some fins to improve the contact area of itself and material.In order to drive dram to rotate, establish gear 5, by motor drive.Dram has tail gas burner 26, and baking needed heat can be provided.In order to improve thermo-efficiency, dram is provided with one layer of heat preservation layer outward, is connected at combustion unit corresponding position opening and with it.In order to discharge the thermal source gas through utilizing, set out gas port 6.
Described dram is placed on quadra, and pulley support is established in both sides, ensures that dram is stable in the time rotating.
Described hopper is rectangle, and the length of side is not less than 50cm.
Described material loading auger length is not less than 350cm, for having axle or shaftless auger, also can replace with chapelet.
Described dram opening for feed is corresponding with the outlet of material loading auger, opening upwards, and bottom is communicated with dram roof.
Described dram is cylinder, and both sides roof is fixed on support, concentric with dram.Dram diameter 80-120cm, long 500-700cm.In order to prevent barrel distortion, in the middle of support and both sides are provided with tackleblock and support, and mid-way place establishes gear, is rotated by motor drive.
Described fin is rectangle, horizontal by certain angle, is advisable with 15-25 °, moves to promote material.
Described thermal insulation layer is filled heat insulating material structure in doubling plate, is connected at combustion unit corresponding position opening and with it.Lagging material can be refractory cements, glass fibre or ceramic fiber, preferably uses ceramic fiber.
Described oven dry pretreatment system can use plain carbon stool or stainless steel materials or tubing to make, and preferably uses stainless steel; Gear uses carbon steel or cast steel to make, and preferably uses cast steel.
The material of two, drying is through because material auger 8 and tripper 10 enter continuously carbonizing system, and this system comprises 2 charring furnaces 11, goes out charcoal auger 12, charcoal bucket 13, spray equipment 14 and operator's console 15.Charring furnace is provided with bell.Charring furnace is cylindrical, is made up of charring furnace and base.The primary structure of charring furnace comprises neck T1, body of heater T2, thermal insulation layer T3, ventilation terminal T4, vapor pipe T5, protective guard T6, drain separator T7, plate T8, coking chamber base plate T9, discharging scraper plate T10, charring furnace base plate T11, axle and shaft coupling T12, electric motor T13, step-down gear T14, charring furnace base T15, goes out charcoal auger T16, thermopair T17, vision slit T18 and operator's console T19 that (15) forms.
Described siccative auger length is not less than 620cm, for having axle or shaftless auger, also can replace with chapelet.
Described tripper 10 connects respectively at two charring furnaces, and Link Port is opened in sidewall of the furnace body neck position on the lower side, so that closed bell.
Described charring furnace diameter 160-200cm, is preferably 180cm, and high 280-320cm, is preferably 300cm.The high 90-110cm of base, is preferably 100cm, and bottom surface is wide 180-220cm, the rectangle of long 420-500cm.Be preferably wide 200cm, long 460cm.Concrete size can be adjusted voluntarily according to production capacity design.
Described thermal insulation layer T3 is the refractory cements that furnace body inside is built, thickness 5-10cm, preferably 8cm.Also can use double-layer barrel, the method for inner lining as thermal insulation material.Lagging material can be refractory cements, glass fibre or ceramic fiber, preferably uses ceramic fiber.
Described ventilation terminal T4 is conical structure, and footpath, end 80-100cm, is preferably 90cm; High 50-70cm, is preferably 60cm.The wind distributing hole of each densely covered diameter 8-10mm of ventilation terminal, is connected with vapor pipe T5 by base, and base is connected on furnace wall by 4-6 bar reinforcing bar, performance location and reinforcement effect.
The frustoconical that described protective guard T6 is lower thick upper thin, upper surface diameter 25-35cm, is preferably 30cm; Lower surface diameter is 40-60cm, is preferably 50cm.This protective guard is fixed on the top of axle T12.
Described drain separator T7 is square steel or the angle steel that rhombus is placed, and length of side 5-7cm, is strengthened and be connected on axle T12 by protective guard T6.
Described plate T8 is circular configuration, and diameter is slightly less than charring furnace internal diameter, opens 4-6 long 50-70cm at radial direction, and the square hole of wide 10-20cm, is star.Plate two ends respectively have a handles to stretch out charring furnace, are convenient to closure or openness centered by axle T12.
The structure of described coking chamber base plate T9 is identical with plate T8, and difference is that it is fixed on furnace wall.When promoting the handle of plate T8, plate rotates, and when its square hole aligns with the square hole of coking chamber base plate, drain separator T7 can promote charcoal and leave coking chamber, falls on charring furnace base plate T11.Height between charring furnace base plate and coking chamber base plate is 15-20cm, is preferably 20cm.
Described discharging scraper plate T10 is structurally identical with the structure of drain separator T7, and difference is there is no protective guard.
Described charring furnace base plate has a director 50-70cm, the square hole of wide 10-20cm, and with this with go out charcoal auger T16 and be connected.
Described thermopair is K type armoured thermocouple.
Described vision slit T18 is the circular hole of diameter 8-12cm, is provided with port lid.Vision slit divides two-layer on body of heater, lays respectively at top and the bottom of air compartment, every layer 4-8.
Described workplatform T19 (15) is connected and fixes with base T15 by framework, is provided with stair upper and lower to facilitate.
Three, for by realizing purification, gas solid separation, the gas-liquid separation of charing tail gas, the invention provides exhaust gas purification system, comprise water tank 9, spray column 17, cooling tower 18, dehumidifying tower 19, induced draft fan 20 and gas-holder 21.Wherein, water tank 9 and spray column 17 are combined as a whole, and comprise air outlet P1, tower body P2, inlet mouth P3, cooling water outlet P4, water inlet pipe P5, cooling-water pump P6, water coolant filter screen P7, water shoot P8, spray water filter screen P9, feeding spraying pump P10, shower P11 and shower nozzle P12.
Described spray column is seated at water tank top, and is communicated with.Spray column diameter 50-70cm, is preferably 60cm.Height 100-120cm, is preferably 110cm.
The high 100cm of described water tank, wide 100cm, long 340cm.Water tank side is provided with water inlet pipe and rising pipe, by ball valve control.Water inlet pipe height is apart from water tank bottom 90cm, approaches as far as possible upper surface.Water tank upper surface has cover plate, with easy cleaning.
Described air outlet P1 is connected with cooling tower.
Described inlet mouth P3 is connected with the vapor pipe T5 of continuously carbonizing system.
Described cooling water outlet P4 be connected with spray equipment 14.
Described cooling tower 18 is double-layer circular column structure, high 180cm, external diameter 80cm, internal diameter 70cm, intermediate course thickness is 5cm, under have support.In interlayer, be full of water and be communicated with the tank 27 on two cooling tower tops.It is some that diameter 2cm transverse tube is established in inside, is staggered, and is communicated with interlayer.Opening is established in bottom, is provided with valve.Top is provided with the upflow tube 28 of safety valve and diameter 2cm.
Described dehumidifying tower 19 is individual layer cylindrical structure, high 130cm, and diameter 60cm, inside has staggered baffle plate, and baffle plate is horizontal by 15-20 ° of angle.Opening is established in bottom, is provided with valve.Top is provided with safety valve.
Described induced draft fan 20 is centrifugal blower, is this area common equipment.
Described gas-holder 21 is individual layer cylindrical-shaped structure, high 220-250cm, diameter 180-200cm.Top is provided with emptying cylinder and safety valve, and upper portion side wall is provided with vapor pipe partially.
Described water-cooled tube and spray header are the stainless steel tube of internal diameter 2cm.
As for special pointing out, the described stainless steel tube that comprises inlet pipe and escape pipe and be at interior unicom pipeline internal diameter 15.9cm.Rest part is that stainless steel materials is made.
Four, in order to realize the burning of charing tail gas, the invention provides tail gas burner 22 and 26, be respectively used to dram heat supply and tail gas clean-up processing, its inlet mouth diameter 8cm, be connected with the gas-holder vapor pipe of diameter 15.9cm, the high 50cm of combustion unit, diameter 40cm.
Described tail gas burner 22 and 26 is ignited by resistance wire.
Five, automatically controlled in order to realize, the invention provides electric power and Controlling System.Comprise housing 25.In order to realize heat recovery, can additional steam generator 23 and store battery 24, be total system power supply.Housing, steam driven generator and store battery are this area common technology and equipment.
The present invention further provides above-mentioned carbonization device and produced the method for charcoal, comprised and get the raw materials ready, material loading, ignite, shove charge, temperature adjustment, go out the step such as charcoal, banking.
Described getting the raw materials ready refers to agricultural abandoned biomass natural air drying, water content is controlled at below 25%, and adopts any crumbling method of the prior art that above-mentioned biomass processing is pulverized, and makes the fritter of major axis 5-10cm, or first broken rear air-dry or oven dry.Described agricultural abandoned biomass refers to maize straw, corn cob, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, rice husk, straw or produces one or more that use in discarded edible mushroom matrix, but is not limited to this.
Described material loading refers to after armamentarium is ready, starting outfit, and material enters charring furnace along material loading auger, dram, siccative auger, is deposited on coking chamber base plate, till ventilation terminal bottom.Now tail gas burner 22 and 26 is not worked.
Described igniting refers to that the material by pressing in burner lights.
Described shove charge refers to after material ignites, and continues thing to send in coking chamber, extremely higher than till the 10-20cm of ventilation terminal top.Now induced draft fan does not start, and vision slit is in open mode.After material is lighted, continue spontaneous combustion, then continue to feed in raw material, to solid accumulation till charring furnace neck.The thickness that at every turn appends material is 10-30 centimetre, is preferably 15-20 centimetre.Also can supplement at any time Material control oxygen supply amount according to the material combustion position in body of heater.
Described temperature adjustment refers to after material fully ignites, and after zone of combustion is higher than last layer vision slit, closes vision slit, now starts induced draft fan, feeding spraying pump and tail gas burner.Observe material heating status according to thermopair, and close accordingly and open vision slit, play and join wind action.Meanwhile, workman observes situation in charring furnace on operator's console, stirs material with stock, or supplements Material control oxygen supply amount in time, ensures that charing is even.Material is anoxic charing under sub-hot conditions, and sub-hot conditions is 260 DEG C-450 DEG C of temperature.Be preferably 450 DEG C.By oxygen supply amount in feeding thickness control body of heater.
Described go out charcoal and refer to after zone of combustion is higher than last layer vision slit, open plate, start scraper plate, charcoal is fallen on charring furnace base plate, and be pushed to out charcoal auger.Meanwhile, open cooling-water pump, use the water in water tank to lower the temperature and dedusting to the charcoal in charcoal bucket.
In the time that tail gas does not reach state of combustion, the resistance wire continuous firing in combustion unit, system is by battery power; In the time that tail gas is ignited, the resistance wire in combustion unit, by auto-breaking, starts steam-electric power unit accumulators and system power supply.
After charing end-of-job, can open the bottom valve of each assembly in exhaust gas purification system, collect burnt oil and vinegar liquid; Also can in carbonization process, open the valve of cooling tower ground portion, collect burnt oil and vinegar liquid simultaneously.
1 one kinds of Combined type multiplexes of embodiment produce material quick charring furnace
The present embodiment is exemplary have been described a kind of Combined type multiplex and has produced material quick charring furnace, comprises and dries pretreatment system, continuously carbonizing system, exhaust gas purification system, exhaust combustion system and 5 major parts such as electric power and Controlling System.
Hopper is rectangle, and the length of side is not less than 50cm; Material loading auger be length 350cm have an axle auger; Dram diameter 100cm, long 600cm, on the tackleblock of side frames on framework, mid-way place establishes gear, is driven by motor and the speed ratio step-down gear of 15: 1 of 2.2KW; The long 20cm of dram inner fin, wide 10cm distributes along spiral-line in cylindrical shell, pitch 50cm, fin and horizontal plane angle 15.; Dram is provided with one layer of heat preservation layer outward, filling refractory cements in doubling plate, and internal diameter 110cm, external diameter 115cm, top sets out two of gas ports, high 30cm, diameter 15.9cm; Siccative auger be long 620cm have an axle auger; Tripper is for falling Y shape, and cross section, top is the rectangle of long 40cm, wide 15cm, and lower section is the rectangle of long 40cm, wide 20cm, and lower section is connected with charring furnace sidewall neck position on the lower side; Charring furnace diameter 180cm, high 300cm, the high 100cm of base, bottom surface is wide 200cm, the rectangle of long 460cm is consistent with the specification of operator's console; The thermal insulation layer of charring furnace is refractory cements, thickness 8cm; Footpath 90cm at the bottom of ventilation terminal, high 60cm, the wind distributing hole of the diameter 8mm that gathers, is connected on furnace wall by 4 reinforcing bars; Drain separator is the square steel that rhombus is placed, length of side 7cm, length 80cm; Protective guard upper surface diameter is 30cm, and lower surface diameter is 50cm; Plate diameter 164cm, opens 4 long 50cm at radial direction, the rectangular opening of wide 15cm, and star is uniformly distributed shape; Respectively there is a long 40cm at plate two ends, and the handle of diameter 2cm stretches out charring furnace; Coking chamber base plate diameter 164cm, opens 4 long 50cm at radial direction, the rectangular opening of wide 15cm, and star is uniformly distributed shape; Height between charring furnace base plate and coking chamber base plate is 15-20cm, is preferably 20cm; Charring furnace base plate has a director 50cm, the rectangular opening of wide 20cm; Vision slit is the circular hole of diameter 12cm, is provided with port lid, on body of heater, distribute two-layer, and top and the bottom of corresponding air compartment respectively, 6 every layer; Spray column diameter 60cm, is highly 110cm, water-cooled tube and spray header diameter 2cm; The high 100cm of water tank, wide 100cm, long 340cm, water inlet pipe height is apart from water tank bottom 90cm, water tank upper surface has cover plate; Cooling tower is double-layer circular column structure, high 180cm, external diameter 80cm, internal diameter 70cm, intermediate course thickness is 5cm, under have support, in interlayer, be full of water and be communicated with the tank of the diameter 80cm on two cooling tower tops; 170 of diameter 2cm transverse tubes are established in cooling tower inside, and length is determined according to present position chord length, and interlayer is staggered, and is communicated with interlayer, and opening is established in cooling tower bottom, is provided with valve, and top is provided with the upflow tube of safety valve and diameter 2cm; Dehumidifying tower is individual layer cylindrical structure, high 130cm, and diameter 60cm, inside has staggered baffle plate, and baffle plate is horizontal by 15.Angle, opening is established in bottom, is provided with valve, and top is provided with safety valve; Induced draft fan power 2KW; Gas-holder is individual layer cylindrical-shaped structure, high 250cm, diameter 200cm.Top is provided with emptying cylinder and 4 safety valve of diameter 15.9cm, and upper portion side wall is provided with diameter 15.9cm vapor pipe partially; Tail gas burner inlet mouth diameter 8cm, is connected with the gas-holder vapor pipe of diameter 15.9cm, and combustion unit air outlet place establishes resistance wire, power 2KW; Comprise inlet pipe and escape pipe are internal diameter 15.9cm stainless steel tube at interior unicom pipeline, all the other tank bodies are that stainless steel materials is made, and charring furnace is that carbon steel and cast steel are made; The wide 80cm of housing, high 120cm, liquid crystal display shows; Thermopair is K type armoured thermocouple.Power equipment is 20KW steam-electric power unit; Store battery is 220V secondary battery.
2 one kinds of Combined type multiplexes of embodiment produce material quick charring furnace
This embodiment and embodiment 1 are roughly the same, and difference is only not adopt electric power and Controlling System, use the civilian electric drive of 220V, the supply of electric power of manually opened electric motor, resistance wire.
3 one kinds of Combined type multiplexes of embodiment produce material quick charring furnace
This embodiment and embodiment 1 are roughly the same, and difference is only only to use a charring furnace, and tripper is cancelled.
4 one kinds of Combined type multiplexes of embodiment produce material quick charring furnace
This embodiment and embodiment 1 are roughly the same, and difference is only to cancel oven dry pretreatment system.
Embodiment 5 corn cob granule charcoal exemplary production processes
The present embodiment is taking embodiment 1 as basis, and the exemplary method of utilizing Combined type multiplex provided by the invention to produce material quick charring furnace to produce corn cob granule charcoal of having described comprises and gets the raw materials ready, material loading, ignites, shove charge, temperature adjustment, goes out the step such as charcoal, banking.
Described getting the raw materials ready refers to corn cob natural air drying, and water content is controlled at below 25%, adopts stalk crasher that above-mentioned biomass processing is pulverized, and makes the fritter of major axis 5-10cm.
Described material loading refers to after armamentarium is ready, starting outfit, and material enters charring furnace along material loading auger, dram, siccative auger, is deposited on coking chamber base plate, till ventilation terminal bottom.Now tail gas burner 22 and 26 is not worked.
Described igniting refers to that the material by pressing in burner lights.
Described shove charge refers to after material ignites, and continues thing to send in coking chamber, extremely higher than till the 20cm of ventilation terminal top.Now induced draft fan does not start, and vision slit is in open mode.After material is lighted, continue spontaneous combustion, then continue intermittent feeding, to solid accumulation till charring furnace neck.The thickness that at every turn appends material is 10-30 centimetre, is preferably 15-20 centimetre.Also can supplement at any time Material control oxygen supply amount according to the material combustion position in body of heater.
Described temperature adjustment refers to after material fully ignites, and after zone of combustion is higher than last layer vision slit, closes vision slit, now starts induced draft fan, feeding spraying pump and tail gas burner.Observe material heating status according to thermopair, and close accordingly and open vision slit, play and join wind action.Meanwhile, workman observes situation in charring furnace on operator's console, stirs material with stock, or supplements Material control oxygen supply amount in time, ensures that charing is even.
Described go out charcoal and refer to after zone of combustion is higher than last layer vision slit, open plate, start scraper plate, charcoal is fallen on charring furnace base plate, and be pushed to out charcoal auger.Meanwhile, open cooling-water pump, use the water in water tank to lower the temperature and dedusting to the charcoal in charcoal bucket.
In the time that tail gas does not reach state of combustion, the resistance wire continuous firing in combustion unit, system is by battery power; In the time that tail gas is ignited, the resistance wire in combustion unit, by auto-breaking, starts steam-electric power unit accumulators and system power supply.
After charing end-of-job, can open the bottom valve of each assembly in exhaust gas purification system, collect burnt oil and vinegar liquid; Also can in carbonization process, open the valve of cooling tower ground portion, collect burnt oil and vinegar liquid simultaneously.
Embodiment 6 Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae charcoal exemplary production processes
The present embodiment is taking embodiment 2 as basis, the exemplary method of utilizing Combined type multiplex provided by the invention to produce material quick charring furnace production Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae charcoal of having described, comprise and get the raw materials ready, material loading, ignite, shove charge, temperature adjustment, go out the step such as charcoal, banking, substantially the same manner as Example 5, difference is only that temperature adjustment process mainly observed situation in charring furnace on operator's console by workman, controlled observation hole, stirs material with stock, ensures that charing is even.
Embodiment 7 offal charcoal exemplary production processes
The present embodiment is taking embodiment 4 as basis, the exemplary method of utilizing Combined type multiplex provided by the invention to produce material quick charring furnace production offal charcoal of having described, comprise material loading, ignite, shove charge, temperature adjustment, go out the step such as charcoal, banking, substantially the same manner as Example 5, difference is only that offal water content is low, be only 10%, also can complete well carbonization process without drying and forewarm system.
Embodiment 8 Combined type multiplexes produce the technique effect of material quick charring furnace
The present embodiment is taking embodiment 1 as basis, exemplaryly described Combined type multiplex provided by the invention and produces the corn cob charcoal of material quick charring furnace and production thereof.After steady running, every 24 hours output charcoal 3-4 tons of this equipment.(Fig. 4)
The charcoal of applying this device fabrication has retained the cell chamber structure of former vegetable material well, and specific surface area is by 0.8m
2/ g brings up to 2.3m
2/ g, total pore volume is brought up to 0.018ml/g by 0.003ml/g, and carbon element content is brought up to 80mg/kg by 42mg/kg.The significantly raising of absorption property, lays a good foundation for produce charcoal slow-release fertilizer and soil improvement agent taking charcoal as matrix.(Fig. 5)
The described simple and easy granule carbonization furnace of Chinese invention patent that is ZL201110073104.1 with the patent No. carries out Performance Ratio, and result is as following table.
Table 1 performance comparison sheet
All embodiment, only for explaining the present invention, can not be interpreted as concrete restriction of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. Combined type multiplex produces a material fast charring equipment, it is characterized in that comprising oven dry pretreatment system, continuously carbonizing system, exhaust gas purification system, exhaust combustion system and electric power and Controlling System:
Described oven dry pretreatment system, comprises elevating hopper (1), material loading auger (2), dram hopper (3), dram (4), siccative bucket (7) and tail gas burner (26); Material enters dram through elevating hopper, material loading auger and dram hopper, finally to siccative bucket;
Described continuously carbonizing system, comprises charring furnace (11), goes out charcoal auger (12), charcoal bucket (13);
Described exhaust gas purification system, comprises water tank (9), spray column (17), cooling tower (18), dehumidifying tower (19) and gas-holder (21); The tail gas that charring furnace produces passes through spray column (17), cooling tower (18) successively, the tower (19) that dehumidifies enters gas-holder (21);
Described exhaust combustion system, comprises tail gas burner, is ignited, for dram heat supply and tail gas clean-up processing by resistance wire;
Described electric power and Controlling System, comprise housing, steam driven generator and store battery, is total system power supply.
2. equipment as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described charring furnace (11) is cylindrical, comprises body of heater (T2), ventilation terminal (T4), vapor pipe (T5), protective guard (T6), drain separator (T7), plate (T8), coking chamber base plate (T9), charring furnace base plate (T11), axle and shaft coupling (T12), electric motor (T13);
Ventilation terminal (T4) is conical structure, is connected with vapor pipe (T5) by base; The frustoconical that protective guard (T6) is lower thick upper thin, is fixed on the top of axle and shaft coupling (T12); Drain separator (T7) is strengthened by protective guard (T6) and is connected on axle and shaft coupling (T12); Plate (T8) is circular configuration, and two ends respectively have a handles to stretch out charring furnace, is convenient to closure or openness centered by axle (T12); Coking chamber base plate (T9) is fixed on furnace wall, and when promoting the handle of plate (T8), plate rotates, and drain separator (T7) can promote charcoal and leave coking chamber, falls on charring furnace base plate (T11); Electric motor (T13) is connected on axle and shaft coupling (T12).
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103773404B (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2018-03-13 | 陈温福 | A kind of Combined type multiplex produces material fast charring equipment and its carbonizing method |
| CN112063402A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2020-12-11 | 栾运宇 | Heat supply technology for producing carbonized combustible gas by machine-made charcoal |
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2014
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103773404B (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2018-03-13 | 陈温福 | A kind of Combined type multiplex produces material fast charring equipment and its carbonizing method |
| CN112063402A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2020-12-11 | 栾运宇 | Heat supply technology for producing carbonized combustible gas by machine-made charcoal |
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Effective date of registration: 20151026 Address after: 114300, Xiuyan Manchu Autonomous County, Liaoning City, Anshan Province Ya River Industrial Park Patentee after: Liaoning Hefu agricultural Polytron Technologies Inc Address before: Dongling road in Shenhe District of Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, No. 120 110866 Patentee before: Chen Wenfu |
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